cHAPTER 9 INTEGRATION

Focus on Exam 9
x dx =
1 3 + sin
cos2 x

cos

3
2

+ sin2 x dx
cos x

= [3 sec2 x + (cos x)2 sin x] dx

= [3 sec2 x - (cos x)2 (-sin x)] dx

(cos x)1
= 3 tan x +c
1
= 3 tan x + 1 + c
cos x

2 sin2 x cos2 x dx = (sin x cos x)2 dx

1
2 sin 2x2

4 sin

1 1 cos 4x
dx
=
4
2

1
= (1 cos 4x) dx
8

dx

2x dx

cos 4x = 1 2 sin2 2x
1 cos 4x
sin2 2x =
2

1
1
= 1x sin 4x2 + c
8
4

u = x2
du
= 2x
dx
du
x dx =
2

du
x
2
3
dx =
1 u2
1 x4

1
du
1
u2
2

1 1
1+u
+c
ln
2 2
1u

sin 2x = 2 sin x cos x

1
sin x cos x = sin 2x
2

1
1 + x2
+ c
ln
1 x2
4

a+x

a x =2a ln a x + c
1

dx

Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd. (008974-T) 2014

ACE AHEAD Mathematics (T) Second Term

4 Let x = sin
dx
= cos
d
dx = cos d

dx
cos d
=
2
2
1x
sin 1 sin2

cos d
2
cos2

sin

sin

d
2

= csc2 d

1 x
= cot + c
1 x2
=+ c[Shown]
x

q
2

5 Let u = ln x

du 1
=
dx x

dx
= du
x

dx 1
dx
x ln x = x 21ln x2
du

= ln |u| + c

= ln |ln x| + c

d
(tan3 x) = 3 tan2 x sec2 x
dx

= 3(sec2 x - 1) sec2 x

= (3 sec2 x - 3) sec2 x

= 3 sec4 x - 3 sec2 x[Shown]
6

(3 sec4 x - 3 sec2 x) dx = tan3 x + c

3 sec4 x dx - 3 sec2 x dx = tan3 x + c

3 sec4 x dx =  3 sec2 x dx + tan3 x + c

= 3 tan x + tan3 x + c
1
c
sec4 x dx = tan x + tan3 x +
3
3
1
sec4 x dx = tan x + tan3 x + c
3

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Fully Worked Solutions

1
2 sin 2x2 dx

7 x sin x cos x dx = x

2x sin 2x dx
1
1
1
1
= - cos 2x x - - cos 2x dx
2
2
2
2
=

1
1
= - x cos 2x +
cos 2x dx
4
4

1
1
= - x cos 2x + sin 2x + c
8
4

x
1
dx =
2
2
0 1 + x
1

=
2
1

=
2
1

=
2
1

=
2
8

2
0

2x
dx
2
0 1 + x
1

[ln |1 + x2|]10
[ln (1 + 12) - ln (1 + 02)]
(ln 2 - ln 1)
ln 2

x2
dx
16 - x2

Let x = 4 sin q
dx = 4 cos q dq
For the lower limit, when x = 0,

0 = 4 sin q
q = 0
For the upper limit,
when x = 2, 2 = 4 sin q
1

sin q =
2

q =
6

6
0

16 sin2 q
(4 cos q dq) =
16 - 16 sin2 q
=

p
6

16 sin2 q (4 cos q dq)

4 1 - sin2 q

p
6

16 sin2 q dq

p
6

=8

2q
11 - cos
2 dq
2

16

p
6

(1 - cos 2q) dq

Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd. (008974-T) 2014

ACE AHEAD Mathematics (T) Second Term

1
= 8 q - sin 2q
2

p
6

1 6 - 12 sin 3 - 02

=8

1 2

3
4
= - 4
2
3
4
= - 2 3[Shown]
3

10 Let t = tan

x
2

dt 1
x
= sec2
dx 2
2
dt 1
x
= 1 + tan2
dx 2
2
dt 1
= (1 + t2)
dx 2
2 dt
dx =
1 + t2

For the lower limit, when x = 0,

t = tan 0

=0
p
For the upper limit, when x = ,
2

t = tan

=1

p
4

1 + t2

2t

x
1 t2

1
1

5 dx

= 5
0 3 sin x + 4 cos x

0
1

= 5

= 5

= -5

= -5

2t
1 - t2
2 + 4
1+t
1 + t2
2 dt
6t + 4 - 4t2

2 dt
1 + t2

2 1

dt
3t + 2 - 2t2

1
0

dt
2t2 - 3t - 2
dt
(2t + 1)(t - 2)

Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd. (008974-T) 2014

Fully Worked Solutions

Let

A
1
B
+
=
(2t + 1)(t - 2) 2t + 1 t - 2
1 A(t - 2) + B(2t + 1)

Letting t = 2, 1 = B(5)
1

B=
5
1
5
Letting t = - , 1 = A -
2
2

1 2

2
A = -
5

\ -5

-2
1
35(2t + 1) + 5(t - 2)4 dt

dt
= -5
0 (2t + 1)(t - 2)
1

1
0

= -5 -

1
1
ln 2t + 1 + ln t - 2
5
5

= 3ln 2t + 1 - ln t - 240

2t + 1
= ln

t-2

12

= ln -3 - ln -

3
= ln
1
2

= ln 6[Shown]

2p
3

dx
0 1 - sin x
x
Let t = tan
2

11

tan x =

2 tan

x
2

1 - tan2

x
2

2t
1 - t2
x
t = tan
2
=

dt 1
x
= sec2
dx 2
2
1
x
=
1 + tan2
2
2
1
= (1 + t2)
2

2t

1 + t2

1 t2

2
Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd. (008974-T) 2014

ACE AHEAD Mathematics (T) Second Term

2 dt = (1 + t2) dx

dx =

2 dt
1 + t2

When x = 0, t = tan

When x =

=0

2p
p
, t = tan
3
3
= 3

2p
3
0

0
2

dx
=
1 - sin x

2 dt
1 + t2
2t
11 + t2
2 dt
1 + t2 - 2t

=2

3t -2
- 14

3
0

dt
(t - 1)2

2(t - 1)-1 3
-1
0

3
0

1 2

-2
-2
-1
3-1

-2
-2
3-1

-2 - 21 3 - 12
3-1
-2 3
3-1
2 3
1- 3

[Shown]

Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd. (008974-T) 2014

Fully Worked Solutions

12 Let t = tan

x
2

dt 1
x
= sec2
dx 2
2

dt 1
x
= 1 + tan2
dx 2
2
dt 1
= (1 + t2)
dx 2
2 dt
dx =
1 + t2

For the lower limit, when x = 0, t = tan 0

=0
2p
p
, t = tan
3
2
= 3

For the upper limit, when x =

1 + t2

2t

x
1 t2

2 dt
1
1+t2
3

5 + 4 cos x dx = 5 + 4 1 - t dx
11 + t 2
2
p
3

6 dt
5 + 5t2 + 4 - 4t2

=6

1
t 3
= 6 tan-1
3
3 0

= 2 tan-1

=2

3
0

dt
9 + t2

a + x
dx

1
x
tan-1 + c
a
a

3
- tan-1 0
3

1p6 - 02

p
[Shown]
3

13 sin x A(3 sin x + 4 cos x) + B(3 cos x - 4 sin x)

sin x (3A - 4B)sin x + (4A + 3B)cos x
Equating the coefficients of sin x,
1 = 3A - 4B
Equating the coefficients of cos x,
0 = 4A + 3B
Solving and simultaneously, we have
3
4
and B = -

A=
25
25
Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd. (008974-T) 2014

ACE AHEAD Mathematics (T) Second Term

p
2

sin x

dx =
0 3 sin x + 4 cos x

p
2
0

3
4
(3 sin x + 4 cos x) - (3 cos x - 4 sin x)
25
25
dx
3 sin x + 4 cos x

p
2

3 cos x - 4 sin x

3
4
3 25 - 25 13 sin x + 4 cos x24 dx

3
4
x ln |3 sin x + 4 cos x|
25
25

p
2

3 p
4 [ln
-0 |3 + 0| - ln |0 + 4|]
25 2
25

= 0.235

A
B
17 + x
+

(4 - 3x)(1 + 2x) 4 - 3x 1 + 2x

17 + x A(1 + 2x) + B(4 - 3x)
1
1
1
=B 4-3 Letting x = - , 16
2
2
2
1
1
=B 5

16
2
2

B=3
14

3 1 24
1 2
3 1 24
1 2

4
1
4
Letting x = , 18 = A 1 + 2
3
3
3
1
2
=A 3

18
3
3

A=5
5
3
17 + x
+

\
=
(4 - 3x)(1 + 2x) 4 - 3x 1 + 2x

21
3

17 + x
dx = 
(4 - 3x)(1 + 2x)

1
2
1
3

5
3
14 - 3x + 1 + 2x2 dx
5
-3

1
2
1
3

-3
3
dx +
4 - 3x
2

1
2
1
3

2
dx
1 + 2x

3
5
= - [ln |4 - 3x|]21 + [ln |1 + 2x|] 21
2
3
3
3

=-

3
3
3
2
2
5
ln 4 - -ln 4 +  ln 1 + - ln 1 +
2
3
2
2
3
3
5
5
3
5
= - ln - ln 3 +
ln 2 - ln
3
2
2
3

1 1 22 1 1 22

5
2
5
= - ln
3
3

2
3
ln
2
5
3
5 5 3
6
= - ln + ln
3 6 2
5
+

= 0.577 [Shown]

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Fully Worked Solutions

15

A
6x - 6
Bx + C
+

(x + 3)(x2 + 3) x + 3 x2 + 3

6x - 6 A(x2 + 3) + (Bx + C)(x + 3)
Letting x = -3,
-18 - 6 = 12A

-24 = 12A

A = -2
Letting x = 0,

- 6 = 3A + 3C
-6 = -6 + 3C
C=0

Letting x = 1,

0 = 4A + (B + C)(4)
0 = -8 + 4B
B=2

-2
6x - 6
2x
+

(x + 3)(x2 + 3) x + 3 x2 + 3

6x - 6
dx =
2
1 (x + 3)(x + 3)
2

-2
2x
1x + 3 + x + 32 dx
2

= -2 [ln |x + 3|]21 + [ln |x2 + 3|]21

= - 2 (ln 5 - ln 4) + ln 7 - ln 4

= -2 ln

5
7
+ ln
4
4

= ln

31 2 4

= ln

28
[Shown]
25

16

7
4
5
4

A
B
C
13 - 11x + 6x2
+

+
(x + 3)(x - 2)2 x + 3 (x - 3)2 x - 2

13 - 11x + 6x2 A(x - 2)2 + B(x + 3) + C(x + 3)(x - 2)

Letting x = 2, 15 = 5B

B=3
Letting x = -3, 100 = 25A

A=4
Letting x = 0,

13 = 4A + 3B - 6C
13 = 4(4) + 3(3) - 6C
C=2

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10

ACE AHEAD Mathematics (T) Second Term

4
13 - 11x + 6x2
3
2
+
+
=
(x + 3)(x2 + 3) x + 3 (x - 2)2 x - 2

4
13 - 11x + 6x2 4 4
3
dx+
dx +
=
2
2
3 (x + 3)(x + 3)
3 x+3
3 (x-2)
4

= 4 [ln |x + 3|]34 + 3

= 4 [ln |x + 3|]34 -

= 4 (ln 7 - ln 6) -

4
3

4
3

2
dx
x-2

(x - 2)-2 dx + 2[ln |x - 2|]34

3
x-2

+ 2[ln |x - 2|]34

132 - 31 2 + 2(ln 2 - ln 1)

7 3
+ + 2 ln 2
6 2
= 3.50[Shown]
= 4 ln

17

1
x2 + 2x - 15 x2 + 2x - 14
x2 + 2x - 15
1
x2 + 2x - 14
1
=1+ 2
2
x + 2x - 15
x + 2x - 15
1

=1+
(x - 3)(x + 5)
A
1
B
+
Let

(x - 3)(x + 5) x - 3 x + 5

1 A(x + 5) + B(x - 3)

Letting x = -5, 1 = -8B

1

B=8
Letting x = 3,
1 = 8A
1

A=
8
1
x2 + 2x - 14
1
=1+

\ 2
8(x - 3) 8(x + 5)
x + 2x - 15

5
1
x2 + 2x - 14
1
dx =  1 +
dx
2
8(x - 3) 8(x + 5)
4 x + 2x - 15
4
5

= x +

1
8
1
= 5 +
8
1
=1+
8
1
=1+
8
= 5 +

1
1
ln |x - 3| - ln |x + 5|
8
8

1
1
1
ln 10 - 4 + ln 1 - ln 9
8
8
8
1
1
ln 2 - ln 10 - 4 + ln 9
8
8
ln 2 9
10
9
ln [Shown]
5

ln 2 -

Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd. (008974-T) 2014

Fully Worked Solutions

18

p
0

x cos2 x dx =

1 + cos 2x
x1 2 2 dx
p

1 + cos 2x
2
1
(x + x cos 2x) dx cos x =
2
2

1 x2
=
2 2

1
x dx +
0 2

3 1 24 3

cos 2x = 2 cos2 x - 1

2 p

p
0

1
x cos 2x dx
2

3 4 3

1 24

1
1
sin 2x x
2
2

3x4 4 + 314x sin 2x4 -

0
2 p

4 3

p
0

1
1
dx
sin 2x
2
2

12

Integrating by parts.

1
sin 2x dx
4
p

x
1
1
+ x sin 2x +
cos 2x
4 0
4
8
0
0
2
1
1
1
= - 0 + p sin 2p - 0 + cos 2p - cos 0
4
4
8
8
2
1 1
= + 4 8 8
p2
= [Shown]
4
=

19 y = 4x2 - 5x
y = 5x - 6x2
Substituting into ,
4x2 - 5x = 5x - 6x2
10x2 - 10x = 0
10x(x - 1) = 0

x = 0 or 1
From : When x = 0, y = 0.

When x = 1, y = -1.
Hence, the points of intersection are (0, 0) and (1, -1).
y = 4x2 - 5x = x(4x - 5)
The curve cuts the x-axis at the
dy
1
= 8x - 5
points (0, 0) and 1 , 0 .
dx
4
Since a > 0, the curve has a minimum point.
dy
=0
At minimum point,
dx

8x - 5 = 0
5

x=
8
2
5
5
5
-5
When x = , y = 4
8
8
8
9

= -1
16

12

12

Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd. (008974-T) 2014

11

12

ACE AHEAD Mathematics (T) Second Term

158, -1 169 2.

Hence, the minimum point of the curve is

y = 5x - 6x2 = x(5 - 6x)

The curve cuts the x-axis at the points

5
(0, 0) and , 0 .
6

1 2

dy
= 5 - 12x
dx

Since a < 0, the curve has a maximum point.

dy
=0
dx

5 - 12x = 0
5

x=
12
5
5
5
-6
When x = , y = 5
12
12
12
1

=1
24
At maximum point,

1 2 1 2

1125 , 1 241 2.

Hence, the minimum point of the curve is

The graphs of y = 4x2 - 5x and y = 5x - 6x2 are as shown in the following diagram.
y

125 , 1 241 

y = 4x 2 5x

1
A1
x

O
1
y = 5x 6x

1
A2

(1, 1)

y = x
2

5,
9
1
8
16

The equation of the chord joining the points of intersection (0, 0) and (1, -1) is y = -x.
A1 =

5x - 6x2 - (-x)4 dx
(6x - 6x2) dx
1

= 3x2 - 2x34 0
= 3(1)2 - 2(1)3 - 0
= 1 unit2

Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd. (008974-T) 2014

Fully Worked Solutions

[-x - (4x - 5x)] dx

= (4x - 4x ) dx
x
= 32x - 41 24
3
1
= 2(1) - 41 2 - 0
3
A2 =

1
0

2
units2
3

2
3
= 3: 2 [Shown]

A1 : A2 = 1 :

20 The graph of y = 3 ln (x - 2) is as shown in the following diagram.

y

y = 3 ln (x 2)

Required area =

y dx
3

To be integrated.

3 ln |x - 2| dx
3

To be kept.

Copy back
4

= [3x ln |x - 2|]3 -

1
dx
3x
x-2
3
4

Differentiate

= 3x ln|x - 2| 3 - 3

= 3x ln|x - 2| 3 - 3

4
3

4
3

x
dx
x-2

2
11 + x - 2 dx
- 3x + 2 ln |x - 2|
4
3

4
3

1
x - 2 x
x - 2

2
x
2

=1+
x-2
x-2

= 3x ln|x - 2|

= 3(4) ln 2 - 3(4 + 2 ln 2) -[3(3) ln 1 - 3(3 + 2 ln 1)]

= 12 ln 2 - 12 - 6 ln 2 - 9(0) + 9 + 6(0)

= 6 ln 2 - 3[Shown]
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13

14

ACE AHEAD Mathematics (T) Second Term

21 y = -x2
y = x2 - x3

Substituting into s,

-x2 = x2 - x3
x3 - 2x2 = 0

x3(x - 2) = 0

x = 0 or 2
From : When x = 0, y = 0
When x = 2, y = -22
= -4

Hence, the points of intersection of the curves are (0, 0) and (2, -4).
y = x2 - x3
= x2(1 - x)
The curve intersects the x-axis at the
points (0, 0) and (1, 0).

dy
= 2x - 3x2
dx
d2y
2 = 2 - 6x
dx

dy
= 0.
dx
2x - 3x2 = 0

x(2 - 3x) = 0

At turning points,

x = 0 or

When x = 0, y = 0 and

2
3

d2y
= 2 - 6(0)
dx2
= 2 (> 0)

Thus, (0, 0) is a minimum point.

12 12

2
22
2
When x = , y =
3
3
3
4

=
27
and
d2y
2

=2-6
dx2
3

= -2 (< 0)

12

Thus,

123, 274 2 is a maximum point.

Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd. (008974-T) 2014

Fully Worked Solutions

The graphs of y = - x2 and y = x2 - x3 are as shown in the following diagram.

y
y2 = x 2 x 3

 23 , 274 
x

y1 = x 2
(2, 4)

( y - y ) dx
= 3(x - x - (-x )4 dx

Required area =

(2x - x ) dx
2x x
- 4
=3
3
4

4 2
0

2
16
-0
= (8) 3
4
1
= 1 units2[Shown]
3

4
22 y =
x
2
y = 4(x - 1)

Substituting into s:
42

= 4(x - 1)
x
16

= 4(x - 1)
x2
4

=x-1
x2

4 = x3 - x2
3
2
x - x - 4 = 0
By inspection, x = 2 satisfies the equation.

12

(x - 2)(x2 + x + 2) = 0
x - 2 = 0orx2 + x + 2 = 0
x = 2
No real roots because b2 - 4ac = 12 - 4(1)(2)
= -7 (< 0)

Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd. (008974-T) 2014

15

16

ACE AHEAD Mathematics (T) Second Term

4
2
=2

When x = 2, y =

Hence, the point of intersection of the curves is (2, 2).

4
The graphs of the curves y = and y2 = 4 (x - 1) is as shown in the following diagram.
x
y

y 2 = 4(x 1)

3
2

A2

(2, 2)

A1
O

y = x4
x

y 2 = 4(x 1)

Required area = A1 + A2

y2

1 4 +12 dy +
2
0

3
2

4
dy
y

2
y3
3
+ y + [4 ln y]2
12
0
8
+ 2 - 0 + (4 ln 3 - 4 ln 2)
=
12
8
3
+ 4 ln
=
units2[Shown]
3
2

3
1
1

2
2

2 3 y = x(x + 2)(x - 3)
= x3 - x2 - 6x
y = x(x - 3)
s
= x2 - 3x
Substituting into s,
x3 - x2 - 6x = x2 - 3x
x3 - 2x2 - 3x = 0
x(x2 - 2x - 3) = 0
x(x + 1)(x - 3) = 0

x = 0, -1 or 3
From s:
When x = -1, y = (-1)2 - 3(-1)

=4
When x = 0, y = 0
When x = 3, y = 32 - 3(3)

=0
Hence, the points of intersection are (-1, 4), (0, 0) and (3, 0).
y = x(x + 2)(x - 3)
= x3 - x2 - 6x

The curve cuts the x-axis at the points (-2, 0), (0, 0) and (3, 0).

Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd. (008974-T) 2014

Fully Worked Solutions

dy
= 3x2 - 2x - 6
dx
d2y
2 = 6x - 2
dx
dy
At turning points,
=0
dx

3x2 - 2x - 6 = 0
2 (-2)2-4(3)(-6)

x=
2(3)

x = 1.79 or -1.12
When x = 1.79, y = 1.79(1.79 + 2)(1.79 - 3)

= -8.21
and
d2y
2 = 6(1.79) - 2
dx
= 8.74 (> 0)
(1.79, -8.21) is a minimum point.
When x = -1.12, y = -1.12(-1.12 + 2)(-1.12 - 3)

= 4.06
and
d2y
2 = 6(-1.12) - 2
dx
= -8.72 (< 0)
(-1.12, 4.06) is a maximum point.
y = 1.5(1.5 - 3)
0+3
y = x(x - 3)
x=
2

= x2 - 3x
The curve cuts the x-axis at the points (0, 0) and (3, 0). Its minimum point is (1.5, -2.25).
The graphs of y = x(x + 2)(x - 3) and y = x(x - 3) is as shown in the following diagram.
y

(1.12, 4.06)

y = x(x + 2)(x 3)

6
4

y = x(x 3)

A1
2

2 1 O
2

A2
(1.5, 2.25)

4
6
8
(1.79, 8.21)

Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd. (008974-T) 2014

17

18

ACE AHEAD Mathematics (T) Second Term

Required area = Area A1 + Area A2

3x3 - x2 - 6x - (x2 - 3x)4 dx +

-1
0
-1

=0 -

3x2 - 3x - (x3 - x2 - 6x)4 dx

4 3
-1

(-x + 2x + 3x)dx

(x3 - 2x2 - 3x) dx +

x4 2x3 3x2
4
3
2

+ -

x4 2x3 3x2
+
+
4
3
2

(-1) 2(-1) 3(-1)

3 2(3)3 3(3)2
+
+ - +
4
3
2
4
3
2
4

4 3

114 + 23 - 322 + 1- 814 + 18 + 2722

=-

5
= 11 units2[Shown]
6

24 y = e x

When x = 0, y = e0

=1
When x +, y +
When x -, y 0

y = 2 + 3e-x
3

=2+ x
e
3
When x = 0, y = 2 + 0 = 5
e
3
When x +, x 0 and thus y 2
e
When x -, y +
y
y = 2 + 3ex
y = ex

2
1
O

y = ex

y = 2 + 3e-x s
Substituting into s, we have:

ex = 2 + 3e-x
3

ex = 2 + x
e

(ex)2 = 2ex + 3
Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd. (008974-T) 2014

In 3

-0

Fully Worked Solutions

(ex)2 - 2ex - 3 = 0
(ex - 3)(ex + 1) = 0
or ex = -1
ex = 3
x = ln 3
(No solution)
Hence, the x-coordinate of the point of intersection of the curves y = ex and y = 2 + 3e-x is ln 3.

312 + 3e 2 - e 4 dx
1
= 32x + 31 2 e - e 4
-1
ln 3

Area of the shaded region =

-x

-x

ln 3
0

3
- ex
ex
0
3
3
= 2 ln 3 - ln3 - e ln 3 - 2(0) - 0 - e0
e
e
3
= 2 ln 3 - - 3 - 0 + 3 + 1
3
= 2.20 units2
= 2x -

ln 3

25 (a) y2 = x(x - 4)2

y = x (x - 4)
Hence, the axis of symmetry is the x-axis.
(b) Since y2 0, then x(x - 4)2 0.

Because (x - 4)2 0, x(x - 4)2 0 if and only if x 0.
Hence, the curve exists only for x 0.

(c) y2 = x(x - 4)2

= x(x2 - 8x + 16)

= x3 - 8x2 + 16x
dy
2y
= 3x2 - 16x + 16
dx
dy 3x2 - 16x + 16
=

dx
2y
dy
At turning points,
= 0.
dx
3x2 - 16x + 16

=0
2y

3x2 - 16x + 16 = 0

(3x - 4)(x - 4) = 0
x = 4 is not accepted because when x = 4, y = 0
4
dy 0

x=
= (undefined).
and
3
dx 0
2
4
4 4
When x = , y2 = - 4
3
3 3
13

= 9
27

y = 3.08
1
1
Hence, the turning points are 1 , 3.08 and 1 , -3.08 .
3
3

Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd. (008974-T) 2014

19

20

ACE AHEAD Mathematics (T) Second Term

(d) The curve y2 = x(x - 4)2 is as shown in the following diagram.

y

1 13 , 3.08

1 13 , 3.08
4

y dx
= p x(x - 4) dx
= p (x - 8x + 16x) dx
x 8x
+ 8x 4
= p3 4
3

(e) Volume generated = p

= p 64 -

1
= 21 p units3
3

26 y2 = 6x
y = -2x + 6

8
(64) + 128
3

...
... s

Substituting s into ,
(-2x + 6)2 = 6x

4x2 - 24x + 36 = 6x

4x2 - 30x + 36 = 0

2x2 - 15x + 18 = 0

(2x - 3)(x - 6) = 0
3

x = or 6
2
3
3
From s: When x = , y = -2 + 6
2
2

=3

12

When x = 6, y = -2(6) + 6
= -6

1 2

Hence, the points of intersection of the curve y2 = 6x and the straight line y = -2x + 6 are 3, 3
2
and (6, - 6).
Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd. (008974-T) 2014

Fully Worked Solutions

The graphs of y2 = 6x and y = -2x + 6 are as shown in the following diagram.

y
6

y2 = 2x + 6
y12 = 6x

V1

3
O

3
2
V2
(6, 6)

V1 = p
= p
= p

y2 2
dy + p
6

1 2
3

y4
dy + 1p
0 36
4

y5
180

3 4

3
0

1
6

6-y
2

dy

(36 - 12y + y ) dy
2

y3
+ 1p 36y - 6y2 +
3
4

6
3

1 2

24

= p 243 + 1p 36(6) - 6(6)2 + 216 - 36(3) - 6(3)2 + 27

180
4
3
3
27
1
= p + p(72 - 63)
20
4
18
= p units3
5

V2 = p

6x dx - p

= p [3x2]06 - p

(-2x + 6)

(4x

43(6)

dx

- 24x + 36) dx

4x3

= 3p (36 - 0) - p
= 108p - p

- 12x2 + 36x

6
3

- 12(6)2 + 36(6) -

143(3)

24

- 12(3)2 + 36(3)

= 108p - p [72 - 36]

= 72p units3
18
p

V1 : V2 = 5
72p
1

=
20

= 1:20[Shown]
27 y = x(4 - x)

= 4x - x2
4
y = -1 s
x
Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd. (008974-T) 2014

21

22

ACE AHEAD Mathematics (T) Second Term

Substituting into s,
4

4x - x2 = -1
x

4x2 - x3 = 4 - x
x3 - 4x2 - x + 4 = 0

By inspection, x = 1 satisfies the equation.
(x - 1)(x2 - 3x - 4) = 0

x2 - 3x - 4
x - 1 x3 - 4x2 - x + 4
x3 - x2
-3x2 - x
-3x2 + 3x
- 4x + 4
- 4x + 4
0

(x - 1)(x + 1)(x - 4) = 0

x = 1, -1 or 4

x = -1 is not accepted

x = 1 or 4
4

From s:When x = 1, y = - 1
1

=3

4
-1
4
=0

When x = 4, y =

Hence, the points of intersection of the curves are (1, 3) and (4, 0) for x > 0.
4
The graphs of y = x(4 - x) and y = - 1 for x 0 are as shown in the following diagram.
x
y
y2 = 4 1
x
(2, 4)

(1, 3)

y1 = x(4 x)

O
1

Volume generated = p

y22 dx - p

y12 dx

1
4

4
- 1 dx
x

=p

= p x2(16 - 8x + x2) dx - p

=p

=p

x2 (4 - x)2 dx - p

16 8
1 x - x + 12 dx

16 8
1 x - x + 12dx

(16x2 - 8x3 + x4) dx - p

16x3
x5
- 2x4 +
3
5

Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd. (008974-T) 2014

4
1

16
- p - - 8 ln x + x
x

Fully Worked Solutions

=p

16(4)3
45
16
1
- 2(4)4 + -2+
3
5
3
5

24

16

- p - - 8 ln 4 + 4 - (-16 - 8 ln 1 + 1)
4
3

= 30 p - p(15 - 8 ln 4)
5
3

= 15 p + 8p ln 22
5
3

= 15 p + 16p ln 2
5
3

= 15 + 16 ln 2 p [Shown]
5

28

2x + 1
Ax + B
C

+
(x2 + 1)(2 - x) x2 + 1 2 - x
2x + 1 (Ax + B)(2 - x) + C(x2 + 1)

Letting x = 2,

5 = C(5)
C=1

Letting x = 0,

1 = 2B + C
1 = 2B + 1
B=0

Letting x = 1,

3 = (A + B) + 2C
3 = (A + 0) + 2(1)
A=1

2x + 1
1
= x +
(x2 + 1)(2 - x) x2 + 1 2 - x

1
2x + 1
dx =
2
0 (x + 1)(2 - x)

1
2

2 ln (x

= 1 (ln 2 - ln 1) - (ln 1 - ln 2)
2

= 1.04

1
0

x dx +
x2 + 1
1
0

2x
dx x +1
2

+ 1)

1
0

1
dx
2-x
1
0

-1
dx
2-x

- [ln (2 - x)]10

1
29 (a) 2
x + 2 x2 + x + 2
x2 + 2
x

x2 + x + 2
x
=1+ 2
x2 + 2
x +2

Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd. (008974-T) 2014

23

24

ACE AHEAD Mathematics (T) Second Term

x2 + x + 2 dx =
x2 + 2

1 + x

1 + 2 x

=x+

(b)

x
x+1

1
ln |x2 + 2| + c
2

1 -(x + 1)
x - -e-(x + 1) 1 dx
e
-1
x
= - x + 1 + e-(x + 1) dx
e
x
1 -(x + 1)
= - x + 1 +
e
+c
e
-1

=-

=-

30 (a)

x
e

x+1

1
e

x+1

+c

x+1
+c
e x+1

dy 3x - 5
=
2 x
dx

y=

3x - 5
2 x dx

y=

3
2x

1
2

5 - x 2 dx
2

3 x2
5
y=
2 3
2
2
3

dx

2x
+2

dx = xe-(x + 1) dx

x
dx
+2

x2
1
2

+c

y = x 2 - 5x 2 + c
Since the curve passes through the point (1, - 4), then
3

- 4 = (1)2 - 5(1)2 + c
- 4 = 1 - 5 + c
c = 0
3

Hence, the equation of the curve is y = x2 - 5x2

1

= x2 (x - 5)

= x (x - 5)

(b) At the x-axis, y = 0

x (x - 5) = 0
x = 0 or 5

x = 0 is ignored because it is given that x > 0. Therefore, x = 5.

Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd. (008974-T) 2014

Fully Worked Solutions

At a turning point,

dy
= 0.
dx

3x - 5
=0
2 x

3x - 5 = 0
5
3

x=

5 5
5
When x = , y =
-5
3 3
3
= -4.30

dy 3x - 5
=
dx
2 x

3
5 = x2 - x 2
2
2

d2y 3 - 12 5 - 32
= x + x
4
dx2 4

= 31 + 53
4x 2 4x 2

5 d2y
When x = , 2 =
3 dx

3
45
3

1
2

5
45
3

3
2

(> 0)

2
Hence, 1 , -4.30 is a minimum point.
3
Then curve of y = x (x - 5) is as shown below.
y

x
1

2
4

1 23 , 4.30

y dx
= x - 3x dx

(c) Area of the region bounded by the curve and the x-axis =

5
0

3
2

1
2

Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd. (008974-T) 2014

25

26

ACE AHEAD Mathematics (T) Second Term

2x 2 - 5 2x 2
5
3

25(5)

25(

25 (25

1 24

5
2

10
(5) - 0
3

5) -

50
5
3

3
2

(x - 2)2 dx =
x2

x

3

20
5
3

10
(5 5 )
3

20
5 units2
3

=
31

10
( 5 )3
3

5 )5 -

= 10 5 = -

3
2

- 4x + 4 dx
x2

4
1 - x + 4x dx
3

-1
= x - 4 ln |x| + 4 x
-1

= x - 4 ln |x| -

= 3 - 4 ln 3 -

5
+ 4 ln 2 - 4 ln 3
3

5
+ 4 (ln 2 - ln 3)
3

5
2
[Shown]
+ 4 ln
3
3

-2

4
x

3
2

3
2

4
4
- 2 - 4 ln 2 3
2

32 y = 6 - ex
On the x-axis, y = 0.

6 - ex = 0

ex = 6

x = ln 6
Thus, the curve y = 6 - ex intersects the x-axis at (ln 6, 0).
On the y-axis, x = 0.

y = 6 - e0

y=5

Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd. (008974-T) 2014

Fully Worked Solutions

Thus, the curve y = 6 - ex intersects the y-axis at (0, 5).

As x , y -
As x -, y 6
y

5
y = 6 ex

y = 5ex
(In 5, 1)
O

In 6

y = 5e-x
On the y-axis, x = 0.

y = 5(e0)

y=5
Therefore, the curve y = 5e-x intersects the y-axis at (0, 5).
As x , y 0.
As x -, y
The curves y = 6 - ex and y = 5e-x are as shown.

y = 6 - ex

y = 5e-x
Substituting into ,
6 - ex = 5e-x

6ex - (ex)2 = 5
Letting ex = p,

6p - p2 = 5
2
p - 6p + 5 = 0
(p - 1)(p - 5) = 0

p = 1 or 5
When p = 1,

ex = 1

x = ln 1

x=0
When x = 0, y = 6 - e0 = 5
When p = 5,

ex = 5

x = ln 5
Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd. (008974-T) 2014

27

28

ACE AHEAD Mathematics (T) Second Term

When x = ln 5, y = 6 - eln 5 = 6 - 5 = 1
Hence, the points of intersection are (0, 5) and (ln 5, 1).

316 - e 2 - 5e 4 dx
ln 5

Area of the shaded region =

-x

5 -x
e
(-1)

5
ex

= 6x - ex -

= 6x - ex +

= 6 ln 5 - eln 5

= 6 ln 5 - 5 +

ln 5
0

ln 5
0

5
5
- 0 - e0 + 0
eln 5
e

5
- (-1 + 5)
5
= 6 ln 5 - 5 + 1 + 1 - 5

= (6 ln 5 - 8) units2

ln 5

Volume of the solid generated = p

316 - ex2

- 15e-x2 dx

336 - 12e + e
ln 5

=p

1
25 -2x
e
= p 36x - 12ex + e2x 2
(-2)

2x

- 25e-2x dx

3
3

1
25
= p 36x - 12ex + e2x - 2x
2
2e

ln 5

ln 5

1
25
1
25
= p 36 ln 5 - 12eln 5 + e2 ln 5 + 2 ln 5 - 0 - 12e0 + e0 + 0
2
2e
2
2e

1 25
1
25
= p 36 ln 5 - 12(5) + (25) +
- -12 + +
2 2
2
2(25)

= p(36 ln 5 - 48)

= 12(3 ln 5 - 4)p units3

33 Let u = 1 - x
du = -1
dx
dx = -du

When x = 0, u = 1.
When x = 1, u = 0.

x2(1 - x) 3 dx =
0

(1 - u)2 u 3 (-du)
1

-u 3 (1 - u)2 du

Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd. (008974-T) 2014

24

24

Fully Worked Solutions

1-u

-u 3 (1 - 2u + u2) du

1
3

10

u 3 2u 3 u 3
+
4
7
10
3
3
3

+ 2u 3 - u 3 du

4
3

7
3

3
6
3
u
= - u + u 4
7
10

4
3

7
3

10
3

10

3
6
3
= 0 - - (1) + (1) - (1) 3
4
7
10

3 6 3
- +
4 7 10
27
=
140

34 (a)

y2 = x 2

1
O

R
2

y1 = x 2 4

3
4

(b) y = x - 2
y = x2 - 4

Substituting into ,

x2 - 4 = x - 2
x -x-2=0
(x - 2)(x + 1) = 0
x = 2 or -1

When x = 2, y = 2 - 2
=0

When x = -1, y = -1 - 2
= -3

Hence, the coordinates of the points of intersection are (2, 0) and (-1, -3).

Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd. (008974-T) 2014

29

30

ACE AHEAD Mathematics (T) Second Term

(y - y ) dx
= 3(x - 2) - (x - 4)4 dx
= (-x + x + 2) dx
x
x
= 3- + + 2x4
3 2

(c) Area of R =

-1

-1
2

-1

-1

(-1)3 (-1)2
23 22
+
+ 2(-1)
+ + 2(2) - 3
2
3 2
10
7
- =
3
6
9
= units2
2

=

1 2

(d) Volume generated = p

=p

=p

-1

-1

(y12 - y22) dx
3(x2 - 4)2 - (x - 2)24 dx

3(x - 8x + 16) - (x - 4x + 4)4 dx

= p 3(x - 9x + 4x + 12) dx
x
= p 3 - 3x + 2x + 12x4
5
4

-1

-1

-1

(-1)5
25
- 3(-1)3 + 2(-1)2 + 12(-1)
- 3(2)3 + 2(2)2 + 12(2) 5
5
72
36
- =p
5
5
108
p units3
=
5
=p

31

2 1

35 (a)

y=

24

12
x2
y = x 2 1

(b) y = x2 1

12
y= 2


s
x
Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd. (008974-T) 2014

24

Fully Worked Solutions

12
x2
4
2
x x = 12
x2 1 =

x4 x2 12 = 0

(x2 + 3)(x2 4) = 0

x2 = 4
x = 2
When x = 2, y = 4 1 = 3
Hence, the points of intersection are (2, 3) and (2, 3).
(c) Volume = 0 ( y + 1) dy + 3
3

12

12
12
dy 12 dy
0
y

y2
12
12
= + y + (12) [ln y ]3 [ y ]0
2

0
2

3
= + 3 + 6 (ln12 - ln 3) (12)
2

15
+ 12 ln 4 12
2

9
= + 24 ln 2
2
9

= 24 ln 2 units3

Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd. (008974-T) 2014

31