SusanFerdon,EDTECH552SP11

Module 4, Assignment 3-2

Lab 3.4 Basic Subnetting
Question 3.4.1:
A company has applied for and received a Class C network address of 197.15.22.0. The physical
network is to be divided into 4 subnets, which will be interconnected by routers. At least 25 hosts
will be needed per subnet. A Class C custom subnet mask needs to be used and a router is
needed between the subnets to route packets from one subnet to another. Determine the number
of bits that need to be borrowed from the host portion of the network address and the number of
bits that will be left for host addresses.
Note: There will be 8 possible subnets, of which 6 can be used.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------WORKSPACE:
(Class C)

NNNNNNNN
255
197
197

NNNNNNNN
255
15
15

NNNNNNNN
255
22
22

SSSHHHHH
224
0
0

256 224 = 32 [magic number]

N = 24
S = 3 (2^3 2 = 6 usable subnets, 4 needed)
H = 5 (2^5 2 = 30 usable hosts, 25 needed)

--------------------------------------------------------------------------Fill in the following table and answer the following questions:

Subnet No.

0 Subnet
st

1 Subnet

Subnet Bits
Borrowed
Binary Value

Subnet Bits
Decimal and
Subnet No.

000
001

Subnet

010

3 Subnet

rd

011

th

100

th

101

th

110

th

111

nd

4 Subnet
5 Subnet
6 Subnet
7 Subnet

Host Bits Possible

Binary Values
(Range) (5 Bits)

Subnet/Host
Decimal
Range

Use?

0 (197.15.22.0) 00000 - 11111

0 -31

No (zero subnet)

32
(197.15.22.32)
64
(197.15.22.64)
96
(197.15.22.96)
128
(197.15.22.128)
160
(197.15.22.160)
192
(197.15.22.192)
224
(197.15.22.224)

00000 - 11111

32 - 63

YES

00000 - 11111

64 - 95

YES

00000 - 11111

96 - 127

YES

00000 - 11111

128 - 159

YES

00000 - 11111

160 - 191

YES

00000 - 11111

192 - 223

YES

00000 - 11111

224 - 255

No (broadcast)

SusanFerdon,EDTECH552SP11
Use the table just developed to help answer the following questions:
1. Which octet(s) represent the network portion of a Class C IP address?

The first three

2. Which octet(s) represent the host portion of a Class C IP address?

The last one

3. What is the binary equivalent of the Class C network address in the scenario? 197.15.22.0
Decimal network address:

197.

Binary network address:

15.

22.

11000001. 00001111. 00010110. 00000000

4. How many high-order bits were borrowed from the host bits in the fourth octet?
3
5. What subnet mask must be used? Show the subnet mask in decimal and binary.
Decimal subnet mask:
Binary subnet mask:

255.255.255.224
11111111.11111111.11111111.11100000

6. What is the maximum number of subnets that can be created with this subnet mask?
8
7. What is the maximum number of useable subnets that can be created with this mask?
6
8. How many bits were left in the fourth octet for host IDs?
5
9. How many hosts per subnet can be defined with this subnet mask?
2^5 2 = 30 usable subnets
10. What is the maximum number of hosts that can be defined for all subnets with this
scenario? Assume the lowest and highest subnet numbers and the lowest and highest
host ID on each subnet cannot be used.
6 (# usable subnets) x 30 (# usable hosts/subnet) = 180
11. Is 197.15.22.63 a valid host IP address with this scenario? Why or why not?
st

No. Its the broadcast address for the 1 subnet (197.15.22.32)

12. Is 197.15.22.160 a valid host IP address with this scenario? Why or why not?
No. It is the address for the 5th subnet.
13. Host A has an IP address of 197.15.22.126. Host B has an IP address of 197.15.22.129.
Are these hosts on the same subnet? Why?
rd

th

No. Host A (126) is in the 3 subnet (96-127) and Host B (129) is in the 4 subnet (128159).

SusanFerdon,EDTECH552SP11
Lab 3.5 Subnetting a Class A Network
Question 3.5.1:
----------------------------------------------WORKSPACE:
Address

Network bits

Subnet bits

Host bits

10.0.0.0 / 24

8 (Class A)

16

Subnet 16 Address:
Subnet 16 host range:
Subnet 16 broadcast:
Last subnet:

# of subnets
in network
2^16 =
65,536

# if hosts
per subnet
2^8 -2 = 254

10.0.16.0
10.0.16.1 10.0.16.254
10.0.16.255
10.255.254.0

-----------------------------------------------

Given a Class A network address of 10.0.0.0 / 24 answer the following questions:

1. How many bits were borrowed from the host portion of this address? 16
2. What is the subnet mask for this network?
Dotted decimal?

255.255.255.000

Binary?

11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000

3. How many usable subnetworks are there?

2^16 2 = 65,534 (cant use first or last)

4. How many usable hosts are there per subnet?

2^8 2 = 254

5. What is the host range for usable subnet sixteen?

10.0.16.1 10.0.16.254

6. What is the network address for usable subnet sixteen?

10.0.16.0

7. What is the broadcast address for usable subnet sixteen?

10.0.16.255

8. What is the broadcast address for the last usable subnet?

10.255.254.255

9. What is the broadcast address for the major network?

10.255.255.255

Lab 3.6 Subnetting a Class B Network

Background / Preparation
This is a written lab and is to be performed without the aid of an electronic calculator.
ABC Manufacturing has acquired a Class B address, 172.16.0.0. The company needs to create
a subnetting scheme to provide the following:

36 subnets with at least 100 hosts

24 subnets with at least 255 hosts

10 subnets with at least 50 hosts

It is not necessary to supply an address for the WAN connection since it is supplied by the
Internet service provider.

SusanFerdon,EDTECH552SP11

Question 3.6.1:
Given this Class B network address and these requirements answer the following questions
1. How many subnets are needed for this network?

70

2. What is the minimum number of bits that can be borrowed? 7

N = 16
(Class B)
H=9
(2^8 -2 = 254 too few hosts)
3. What is the subnet mask for this network?
Dotted decimal?

255.255.254.0

Binary?

11111111.11111111.11111110.00000000

4. Slash format

/23

5. How many usable subnetworks are there?

2^7 2 = 126 (formula: 2^s 2)
6. How many usable hosts are there per subnet?
2^9 2 = 510 (formula: 2^h 2)

NNNNNNNN
255
172
172

NNNNNNNN
SSSSSSSH
HHHHHHHH
255
254
0
16
0
0
16
0
0
256-254 = 2 [magic number]

Question 3.6.2:
Complete the following chart listing the first three subnets and the last 4 subnets.

Subnetwork #

Subnetwork ID

0
1

172.16.0.0
172.16.2.0

172.16.4.0

172.16.6.0

123

172.16.246.0

124

172.16.248.0

125

172.16.250.0

126

17.16.252.0

127

17.16.254.0

128

172.16.256.0

Host Range
172.16.2.1
172.16.3.254
172.16.4.1
172.16.5.254
172.16.6.1
172.16.7.254

172.16.246.1
172.16.247.254
172.16.248.1
172.16.249.254
172.16.250.1
172.16.251.254
172.16.252.1
172.16.253.254
172.16.254.1
172.16.255.254

Broadcast ID

ZERO SUBNET
172.16.3.255
172.16.5.255
172.16.7.255

172.16.247.255
172.16.249.255
172.16.251.255
172.16.253.255
172.16.255.255
(network broadcast)

INVALID

SusanFerdon,EDTECH552SP11

1. What is the host range for subnet two?

172.16.4.1 172.16.5.254

2. What is the broadcast address for the 126th subnet?

172.16.253.255

3. What is the broadcast address for the major network?

17.16.255.255

Lab 3.7 Subnetting a Class C Network

Background / Preparation
This is a written exercise and is to be performed without the aid of an electronic calculator.
The Classical Academy has acquired a Class C address, 192.168.1.0. The academy needs to
create subnets to provide low level security and broadcast control on the LAN. It is not necessary
to supply an address for the WAN connection. It is supplied by the Internet service provider. The
LAN consists of the following, each of which will require its own subnet:

Classroom #1

28 nodes

Classroom #2

22 nodes

Computer lab

30 nodes

Instructors

12 nodes

Administration

8 nodes

Question 3.7.1:
Given this Class C network address and these requirements answer the following questions
1. How many subnets are needed for this network?

2. What is the subnet mask for this network?

Dotted decimal?

255.255.255.224

Binary?

11111111.11111111.11111111.11100000

3. Slash format

/27

4. How many usable hosts are there per subnet?

NNNNNNNN
11111111

NNNNNNNN
11111111

255
192

255
168

30 (2^5 2)

NNNNNNNN
11111111
255
1

SSSHHHHH
11100000
224
0

256 224 = 32 [magic number]

N = 24
S = 3 (2^3 = 8 subnets, 5 needed)
H = 5 (2^5 2 = 30, 30 hosts per subnet needed)

SusanFerdon,EDTECH552SP11

Question 3.7.2:
Complete the following chart

Subnetwork #

Subnetwork IP

192.168.1.0

192.168.1.32

192.168.1.64

192.168.1.96

192.168.1.128

192.168.1.160

192.168.1.192

192.168.1.224

Host Range
192.168.1.1 192.168.1.30
192.168.1.33 192.168.1.62
192.168.1.65 192.168.1.94
192.168.1.97 192.168.1.126
192.168.1.129 192.168.1.158
192.168.1.161 192.168.1.190
192.168.1.193 192.168.1.222
192.168.1.225 192.168.1.254

192.168.1.256

1. What is the host range for subnet six?

Broadcast ID

192.168.1.31
192.168.1.63
192.168.1.95
192.168.1.127
192.168.1.159
192.168.1.191
192.168.1.223
192.168.1.255
(network broadcast)

INVALID

192.168.1.193 - 192.168.1.222

2. What is the broadcast address for the 3rd subnet?

192.168.1.127

3. What is the broadcast address for the major network?

192.168.1.255