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How To Make SPSS Produce All Tables in APA Format Automatically

This document provides instructions for formatting SPSS output tables in APA style through minor adjustments to SPSS settings. The steps include: 1. Producing an initial table for editing. 2. Creating a custom "Table Look Style" by editing the properties of the initial table and saving the changes. 3. Adjusting SPSS options to set the custom style as the default, so that future tables will be automatically formatted in APA style. Following these three steps allows SPSS tables to be produced in a format suitable for direct inclusion in an APA-style manuscript without additional formatting.

Uploaded by

jazzlovey
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© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
0% found this document useful (0 votes)
1K views

How To Make SPSS Produce All Tables in APA Format Automatically

This document provides instructions for formatting SPSS output tables in APA style through minor adjustments to SPSS settings. The steps include: 1. Producing an initial table for editing. 2. Creating a custom "Table Look Style" by editing the properties of the initial table and saving the changes. 3. Adjusting SPSS options to set the custom style as the default, so that future tables will be automatically formatted in APA style. Following these three steps allows SPSS tables to be produced in a format suitable for direct inclusion in an APA-style manuscript without additional formatting.

Uploaded by

jazzlovey
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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tables in APA format automatically!


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Formatting a graph that was exported from SPSS to


Microsoft Word can be an absolute pain. Since neither

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program is known "user-friendliness", the interaction


between the two can be predictably tedious and

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frustrating. The process of converting a standard SPSS


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table to APA format can become overwhelming when you

SMMC Tweets

have an entire manuscript worth of tables. Fortunately, a


few minor alterations to your SPSS settings can make
SPSS do most of the heavily lifting for you, making SPSS

automatically produce tables that closely resemble APA


format and cutting down your formatting time by as much
as 90%!

APA FORMAT TABLE EXAMPLE BEFORE AND AFTER

Pictured (above) are examples of standard SPSS tables


(left) and tables produced in SPSS after a few adjustments
(right) to the settings. The table on the right more closely
aligns with APA format than the table on the left in several
ways:
The title has been changed from center justified and
bold to left justified, italics, and NOT bold ([1] aboveright; APA format).
The table borders have been adjusted appropriately
(details of specific changes to follow shortly).
The default font type and size has been changed to
Times New Roman 12pt.
The adjustments to SPSS that are needed to produce
tables like the ones on the right are only necessary to be
made once, after which the adjustments are made
automatically by SPSS and you'll find all of your future
tables are ready for insertion into your APA manuscript
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immediately after analysis. The necessary changes can be


accomplished in 3 steps:
1. Produce an initial table for alteration (using any
analysis; a simple frequency table is sufficient).
1. Create a custom "Table Look Style", by "Editing" the
initial table's "Look Style" and saving the changes as
a custom "style" ("APA Table" seems like a
reasonable choice).
1. Adjust your SPSS settings (options) so that SPSS
recognizes your newly created "Look Style" as the
default table "Look Style".
From there, you can simply run your analyses as you
typically would and your tables should be formatted in
APA format. Let's get into the specifics about how to
accomplish these three steps...
1) PRODUCE INITIAL TABLE
The first step to make your SPSS adjustment is to produce
an initial table for editing. For our purposes, a simple
frequency does the trick (in the SPSS drop-down menus,
navigate to: Analyze>descriptives>frequencies). Once
your table is produced (
below
), right click on the table and click on "Edit Content" and
then either "In Viewer" or "In Separate Window" (it doesn't
really matter which you choose, for our purposes).

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SPSS EDIT CONTENT MENU

Once your table is in "editing" mode (below), right click


again and click on "TableLooks..."

SPSS TableLooks Screen Example 1


Next, the "TableLooks" screen (below) should pop-up.

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SPSS TableLooks Screen Example As Displayed


Under "TableLooks Files:", change the selection
"CompactAcademicTimesRoman" ([1]below).

SPSS TableLooks Screen Example


CompactAcademicTimesNewRoman
While simply making that switch gets us a lot closer to
APA format than the "default" SPSS table, we can improve
the settings to get us much closer with a few additional
changes.
NOTE: "CompactAcademicTimesRoman" is the closest
"TableLook" to APA on its own, but luckily we can alter its
attributes and save the changes!
Once you've clicked on "CompactAcademicTimesRoman",
click on the "Edit Look..." button ([2] above). After clicking
on "Edit Look...", the "Table Properties" screen should popup (below).

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SPSS TableLooks Screen Example Cell Formats


Within the "Table Properties" screen, we are going to
adjust elements of both the "Cell Formats" tab (above) and
the "Borders" tab ([1] below).
First, the "Cell Formats" tab (above):
On the "Cell Formats" screen, you are able to adjust: the
tables "Text" (font), the "Alignment" (justifications) of the
text, the background color (which we will not be
adjusting), and the "Inner Margins". We will only be
changing the "Text" and "Alignment" settings. We'll deal
with the "Text" first.
The default of all text in SPSS tables is 8 pt ([4] above),
while the appropriate APA format font is 12 point, so the
first thing we'll need to to is change all of the text in the
table from 8 pt ([4] above) to 12 pt.
Unfortunately, you are required to change each text
element separately by either clicking on the element
in the "Sample" table on the right side of the screen
([1] above), or by selecting different elements in the
"Area" drop-down menu ([2] above).
For example
, click on the "
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Table Title
"(
[3]
above
)
in the "Sample" table to edit that element. After clicking on
the element, simply adjust the attributes on the left side of
th screen
NOTE
: to comply with APA format for table titles, change your
font size from 8 pt. to 12 pt. (
[4]
above
), make it italics and not bold (
[5]
above)
, and click on "Left Alignment" (
[6]
above
]
)
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Next, switch to the "Borders" tab ([1] below).

SPSS TableLooks Screen Example Borders


Once in the "Borders" tab, there are three elements that
we are going to adjust:
1. Top inner frame ([2] above)
1. Bottom inner frame
1. Data area top
To adjust the "Top inner frame", highlight it in the Border
menu section (
[1] below
). Next, click on the "Style" drop-down menu (
[2] below
) and change the style from the double line (not APA
format) to the single thin line (

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[3] below
; second from the bottom; complies with APA format).

SPSS TableLooks Screen Example Cell Table Properties:


Top Inner Frame
Next, repeat the style adjustment for the "Bottom inner
frame" ([1] below).

SPSS TableLooks Screen Example Cell Table Properties:


Bottom Inner Frame 1

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Again, repeat the style adjustment for the "Data area top"
([1] below).

SPSS TableLooks Screen Example Cell Table Properties:


Data Area Top
Next, click the "Apply" button ([2] above), followed by the
"OK" button ([3] above).
2) CREATE CUSTOM TABLE LOOK STYLE
After clicking the "OK" button, you should find yourself
back at the "TableLooks" screen ([1] below). On this screen
click on "Save As" ([2] below).

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SPSS TableLooks Screen Example Cell TableLooks Save As


In the "Save As" dialogue screen (below), give your newly
create table "Look" a name, preferably something selfexplanatory and easy to remember. As you can see, I
choose to call it "APA Table"([1] below).

SPSS TableLooks Screen Example Cell APA Table Save As


Before clicking "Save", make sure you are saving the
"TableLook" file in the correct directory:
On a mac
, the "Looks" directory can be found in the "SPSS" folder (or
PASWStatistics folder;
[1] below
) within "Applications" (
[2] below
).

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On a PC, the "Looks" director can be found at


C:>Documents and Settings> Program Files>SPSS

SPSS TableLooks Screen Example Cell Looks Directory


Content: Save As
Once inside the "Looks" folder (below), you should see
various other "TableLooks" files (the files end in ".stt"). If
you see that, you know you are in the right folder. From
here, check to make sure your "File Name" is what you
want it to be and then click "Save" ([1] below).

SPSS TableLooks Screen Save AS: Save


After you've clicked "Save", you should find yourself back
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in the "TableLooks" dialogue screen (below). Also, you


should now see a newly available "TableLook" in the
"TableLook Files:" area ([1] below) (the one you saved
above). Next, simply click on that to highlight it (1] below)
and then click the "OK" button ([2] below).

SPSS TableLooks Screen Example 2


After clicking "OK", the "TableLooks" screen should
disappear and the initial table you created should again
be visible, but its format should now reflect the changes
we've made and it should more closely resemble APA
format (below)!

SPSS Finished Product Example


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While certainly you could choose to do all of those steps


for every graph you produce from now until forever, that
wouldn't seem to be a very efficient use of your time.
Instead, let's change the default SPSS settings to
automatically use our newly created "TableLook" for all
tables that are created in the future.
3) ADJUST SPSS TABLE "LOOK STYLE" SETTINGS
(OPTIONS)
To adjust the SPSS "TableLook" settings, go to "Options"
([1] below), which you'll find under the "Edit" menu.

SPSS Options Menu Example


With the "Options" dialogue screen now visible, select the
"Pivot Tables" tab ([1] below). Next, select our newly
created "Table Look" (I called mine "APA table"; [2] below).
On a side note, I'd also suggest changing the "Copying
wide tables to the clipboard in rich text format" option ([3]
below) to "Shrink width to fit". Making this change will
prevent SPSS from wrapping tables that are too wide for
your page to another row (making them appear as two
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tables, even though they are really just two parts of the
same table). I personally find that very irritating. Instead,
this will tell SPSS to adjust the width of the cells in the
table so that the table can fit within the margins of the
page.
Finally, click on the "Apply" button ([4] below), followed by
the "OK" button ([5] below). You should now be done and
all future graphs should be produced in APA format (or
closer to it anyway). Happy table making!

SPSS Options Example: Pivot Tables


RIGHT-CLICK HERE AND "SAVE AS FILE" TO DOWNLOAD
THE STT "LOOKS" FILE

Update
on 2011-06-08 20:45 by Jeremy Taylor
A few sharp readers have made a great point about this
post: If you have a version of SPSS that is licensed by a
University, the instructions may not work. Specifically,
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when you try to create a "new look", it will likely display an


error message that says you don't have "access" to the
directory (or something like that).
Thanks to one of our readers (Benjamin Telkamp), we
have a solution! Benjamin discover that you can save the
"new look" as one of the existing looks in SPSS (just pick
one that you don't think you'll be needing). Thanks for the
tip Benjamin!

119 Comments

6 Likes

Stats Make Me Cry Blog Entries


APA, How-To, SPSS, Tutorial

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN WITHIN-SUBJECT


THE TIME FOR UNDERSTANDING
...
...

Comments (119)

Oldest First

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Jason

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PostComment

3 years ago

It would be great if you could just provide your .stt


file to aid people like me! :)
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Anthony Hall

3 years ago

Thankyou! My spss output for my psych


dissertation now looks great! I may even get an
extra point or two for having formatted the spss
output to APA.
Very grateful!
Now I need to do the same for tables in
openoffice... this will be fun!
Anthony Hall

Sherine El Ashram
3 years ago

THANK YOU SO MUCH.


ALL THE WAY FROM EGYPT.

Jeremy J. Taylor

3 years ago

Glad it was helpful, Sherine!

Jeremy J. Taylor

3 years ago

I'm happy to hear my video helped you with your


dissertation, Anthony!

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James

3 years ago

Thanks a lot for this. I knew about how to make


them, but not about how to set it to the default
table setting, so thank you.

Jeremy J. Taylor

3 years ago

I'm glad it was helpful, James! Check-back again


sometime and tell a friend!

Science!

3 years ago

Saved me a frustrating couple of hours- cheers


mate!

Benjamin Telkamp
3 years ago

Dear Jeremy,
You're a true hero also the way you explain things,
this will save me hours of doing silly stuff, but i still
have a problem: I'm working on a mac and it
doesn't let me save the APA Table file (stt) in the
correct folder. It says it doesn't allow any changes
to that folder. Could this be Because it's PASW 18
or because it's a student version (licensed for
Leiden University)? Or am i just missing one extra
tric? Hoping you or someone else has a solution,
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thanks anyway!
Benjamin Telkamp

Jeremy J. Taylor

3 years ago

Great question, Benjamin. I believe the problem


you are having is due to restrictions to the
university license, because I've done this on a Mac
"gradpack" version and it worked great. Best of
luck!
- Jeremy

Stefanie

3 years ago

Hmmh...I tried to save it under SPSS and table


looks but when I hit save it says no permission to
save it it in this directory.
Do you have an idea what I could do?
Thanks,
Steffi

Maria

3 years ago

This is brilliant , thank you so much!!


as for the permissions bit, i wasnt able to save it in
that place either due to restrictions, but I just
saved it in 'my documents' and then when i went
to 'options' and 'pivot table', i clicked 'browse' and
choose my file in 'my documents' and it works!
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thanks a million
maria
ireland

Jeremy J. Taylor

3 years ago

Thanks for the additional feedback, Maria!

Claire

3 years ago

I also had trouble saving in the Looks folder due to


permission restrictions, and I did what Maria from
Ireland suggested and it worked great!
Thanks very much.
Claire
Kansas

Jeremy J. Taylor

3 years ago

I'm really glad to hear it worked for you, Claire


from Kansas! ;)

mes

3 years ago

THANK YOU! IT IS REALLY HELPFUL!!

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Louise

3 years ago

Hello,
This was very helpfull for me as well, except I used
the recipe to create a chart template and it
ALMOST worked! I managed to save the template
in another document file like somebody
mentioned. But the next time I tried to make a
chart Spss just collapsed completely and shut off.
does this make any sence to you??:
SET
CTemplate='/Users/louisemarieholst/Dropbox/Master/Data/Results/SPSS/MasterTemplate.sgt'.
* Chart Builder.
GGRAPH
/GRAPHDATASET NAME="graphdataset"
VARIABLES=sunnew RE2010 MISSING=LISTWISE
REPORTMISSING=NO
/GRAPHSPEC SOURCE=INLINE.
BEGIN GPL
SOURCE: s=userSource(id("graphdataset"))
DATA: sunnew=col(source(s), name("sunnew"))
DATA: RE2010=col(source(s), name("RE2010"),
unit.category())
GUIDE: axis(dim(1), label("Sun exposure (%)"))
GUIDE: axis(dim(2), label("Frequency"))
GUIDE: legend(aesthetic(aesthetic.color.interior),
label("Occurence RE 2010"))
SCALE: cat(aesthetic(aesthetic.color.interior),
include("0", "1"))
ELEMENT:
interval.stack(position(summary.count(bin.rect(sunnew))),
color.interior(RE2010),
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shape.interior(shape.square))
END GPL.

Meghan

3 years ago

This process has saved me! Thank you so much :) I


have a trial version (20.0) downloaded from IBM's
website, so I couldn't save the file to the 'Looks'
folder...but Maria's suggestion worked perfectly!!

Jeremy J. Taylor

3 years ago

I'm glad it was helpful, Meghan!

MO

3 years ago

I truly appreciate your explanation, it did make my


life easier, I can't believe you took the time to do
and are taking the time to reply to the comments.
Well done sir and keep up the good work.

Jeremy J. Taylor

3 years ago

Thanks MO!

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G Scott

3 years ago

These tips were very helpful. Thanks, GS.

Jeremy J. Taylor

3 years ago

I'm glad they were useful! If anyone has any other


suggested topics, please feel free to let me know!

Elia Vecellio

3 years ago

I know it was mentioned in the first post, but you


never did respond with a reason why you do not
provide the STT file for download. I'm sure many
readers would appreciate it... because, as things
stand, each reader has to reinvent the wheel, and
having the STT file would save us all time.

Jeremy J. Taylor

3 years ago

I did actually post the STT file at one time, but it


must've gotten taken down at some point
(accidentally). I'll repost a link to download.

Elia Vecellio

3 years ago

I don't mean to clog up the comments section ...


but THANKS for putting the link up for the STT file.
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That's really useful! All the best... Elia

Chris Cassell

3 years ago

Thanks for the valuable info on converting tables


to APA format. It's a huge time saver. I am still
having difficulty saving the changes to an existing
look. - I don't have access to make changes in that
directlory. I have a university version of the
software. I followed the steps exactly. Is it possible
the newer releases have been modified to
circumvent our ability to amend an existing file?
Any other suggestions?

MSW_GradMOM
3 years ago

Thank you...I appreciate this step by step


navigation through the aggravating process of
SPSS exercises! Your empowerment is noted...

Marc Lukasik

3 years ago

very useful Jeremy, thanks!

Jeremy J. Taylor

3 years ago

No problem, Marc!

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causius

3 years ago

@benjamin - as Maria (i believe) said in her post , if


your computer doesn't allow saving in the default
folder, try saving where you can (desktop, my doc,
etc.) and then use it from there or copy-paste it to
your default or desired folder. with proper
ownership credentials you should be able to copy
or move the file to your folder of choice (excuse my
late response, i just discovered this site, and also,
excuse my lack of familiarity with macs).
@jeremy - thank you. so nice of you to share your
knowledge about this. many people that i know,
including myself, benefited from this. kudos !

Aman

3 years ago

Hi Jeremy,
First of all, thank you for posting this!
Secondly, could you maybe repost (or email) me
the .stt file? :) For some reason the link is broken.
Thank you!

kim

3 years ago

I also had permission issues. I saved the "apa


table" document in a file I could get to then copied
it into the correct file. It worked for me.
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Jeremy J. Taylor

3 years ago

Nice troubleshooting, Kim!

tanya

3 years ago

Great job! Thanks so much.

alex

2 years ago

one question: once you have said table in the APA


style, how can you copy and paste it into a word
document? Note: since my SPSS is part of a
university, i was not able to save this look style in
the list of looks, and therefore need to just copy
and paste it into a word document once i have
mad all of the necessary changes.

Jeremy J. Taylor

2 years ago

Hi Alex,
I believe a user on a previous comment discussed
a workaround for how to save looks, even with the
restrictions of university licenses. You might
consider reviewing some of the previous
comments.
As far as getting it into word, you can either right
click and select "copy" or use the "export" feature in
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SPSS (I think it is in the "File" menu of the output


Viewer.

Muzamil

2 years ago

Hi,
Really a great post. Thank you very much! Just
wondering if you have a solution to this problem:
When we do frequency test etc, some columns in
the output like cumulative percent, valid percent
etc may not be needed while reporting. Is there a
way to get rid of those unwanted columns
automatically. Otherwise deleting them manually
messes up the APA styled tables obtained using
the method highlighted in your post. Thanks!

Mick Malkemus

2 years ago

Thanks for the great post.


One thing I not able to achieve, I may be simply
missing something in the instructions.... my final
output still has vertical lines, not just horizontal
lines as in your image. Any suggestions?
Thanks!
Mick

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Mick Malkemus

2 years ago

Solution to my own question: turn off table lines in


MS Word. Table then comes out perfect.
Thanks!
Mick
P.S. My instructor will comment on the table I
submitted, if anything is amiss, I will post here.

Jeremy J. Taylor

2 years ago

Go back to the settings and see if your newly


saved "Look" is still listed as the active option. Also,
make sure you make adjustments BEFORE
analysis, not after. I hope that helps!

Jeremy J. Taylor

2 years ago

Thanks Mick! To be clear, I'm not proposing that


this process produces perfectly formatted APA
tables, just a lot closer than the default, so I advise
comparing the results to APA standards and
tweaking as needed. With that said, if you can
advised how we can make the process even closer
to APA format, I'd love you to share that/post!
Thanks!

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Mick Malkemus

2 years ago

Jeremy, my instructor approves of the table.


Likely when producing the dissertation, there will
be some minor corrections needed.
Thanks again for this great tutorial!

Jeremy J. Taylor

2 years ago

Glad to hear it, Mick!

Jessica

2 years ago

If that error message comes up, you can save to a


different location (i.e. instead of saving in Looks,
you can select any other folder on your pc). Then
when you want to use that Look, click "Browse"
below the list of TableLooks, and you are able to
locate and use your saved look. :) There's always a
loophole!

Jeremy J. Taylor

2 years ago

That is absolutely correct, Jessica! Thanks for that!

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Maria

2 years ago

THANK YOU SOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO


MUCH!!! this is a GREAT help!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Thank
you!

Jeremy J. Taylor

2 years ago

Your welcome, Maria!

Devin

2 years ago

Thanks for posting this - it's been a lifesaver!!!!

Jeremy J. Taylor

2 years ago

I'm very glad it was helpful, Devin!

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