Silesian University of Technology

Gliwice, dn.

02.06.2014 r.
Department of Mining Management
and Safety Engineering

Occupational risk assessment

Safety management and occupational risk
systems Project

Rodrigo Bernardo Fernndez

Mara Victoria Riesgo Garca
2013/2014

GLIWICE 2014

1. INTRODCUTION
OCCUPATIONAL RISK
It

identifies

the

potential

health

consequences

of

exposure

and

consequences of accident hazards in the work environment, that are

associated with work performed at a given position, in certain operating
conditions, mainly determined by the material environment of work, used
technology, working space conditions and work organization.

HAZARD
Each dangerous factor (agent) in a working environment, which can in a
sudden and violent way generate the occurrence of hazardous events,
causing accidents, potential accidents, failures or technical damage.

EXPOSURE
Every harmful factor in a work environment, which as a result of long-term
effects on humans can cause smaller or larger health problems including
occupational disease.

MAXIMAL PERMISSIBLE INTENSITY (NDN)

Average intensity value, for which impact on the employee during the 8hour, daily and average weekly working time defined in the Labour Code,
through the period of its activity should not cause negative changes in his
condition and state of health of his future generations.

MAXIMAL PERMISSIBLE CONCENTRATION (NDS)

Value of weighted average concentration for which the impact on the
employee during the 8-hour, daily and average weekly working time
defined in the Labour Code, through the period of its activity should not
cause negative changes in his condition and state of health of the future
generations.

OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES
Disease listed in the list of occupational diseases, if was caused by the
action of harmful factors in the working environment or was caused by the
work method.
It must be fulfilled two conditions that the disease was considered to be
occupational:

Disease must be included in the list of occupational diseases

Disease must be related to work

WORK ENVIRONMENT FACTORS

It is a method of occupational risk assessment, in which the risk is
described as the product of parameters such as:
The division on the factors in the work environment can be distinguished
(according to the definitions adopted in the Polish Standards) of the three
types of factors:

Hazardous agents/factors (traumatic)

Dangerous factors (traumatic) in the work environment are all
factors that act on a man in a sudden and violent way and can
cause accidents and other dangerous events.
Danger of moving or rotating parts

The risk associated with the movement of people

The risk of an electric shock

The risk of a fire or an explosion

The risk of burns...

Harmful agents (physical, chemical, biological)

Harmful factors to the health of the work environment are all

physical, chemical and biological, which intensity or concentration
exceeded the maximal permissible concentration (NDS) or maximal
permissible intensity (NDN) in Polish or other standards of the
hygiene and the long-term effects on the human body has the ability
to cause negative changes providing to occupational diseases.
o

Physical

(noise,

vibration,

microclimate,

radiation,

electromagnetic field, dust)

o

Chemical (toxic substances, irritants substances, carcinogenic

substances)

Biological (microorganisms: bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa;

macro-organisms: vegetable and animal)

Burdensome agents
Burdensome factors of a work environment are all factors that can
impede the work or temporarily reduce psychophysical possibilities
of a man, but do not cause occupationaldiseases. We divide them
into:
o

Physical factors:
o

Static workload

Dynamic workload

Psychological factors - cause nervous disorders

2. OCCUPATIONAL RISK ASSESSMENTS METHODS.

SILESIAN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY METHOD
It is a method of occupational risk assessment, in which the risk is
described as the product of parameters such as:

The probability of hazard occurrence (P)

Exposure to hazards (E)

The risk of the number of people at risk (L)

The risk of losses resulting from hazards (S)

R = P*E*L*S

RISK SCORE METHOD

Risk Score is a variation of the classic method of occupational risk
assessment, in which the risk (R) is described as the product of parameters
such as:

The probability of hazard activation (P)

Exposure to hazards (E)

Likely effects of the risk (S)

R = P*E*S

POLISH STANDARD PN-N 18002/2000 METHOD

According to the Polish Standard occupational risks (R) associated with
particular hazards identified in the workplace is a function of variables like:
the probability of occurrence of hazards (P) and the severity of the harmful
consequences of those risks (S), which can be expressed by the formula:
R=f(P,S)

3. DESCRIPTION OF A GIVEN PROFESSION.

CLEANING LADY

 Maintain order and cleanliness in designated areas, including by cleaning

furniture, paneling and equipment; using a ladder, because the rooms are
high;
Wash windows and window sills,
Vacuuming the room, washes the floors, staircases,
Removes accumulated waste in the trash bags,
In summer, mows the lawn and cleans autumn leaves,
In the past 5 years, one accident took place - fall down the stairs.

4. RISK ASSESMENT
4.1.

SILEASIAN UNIVERSITY METHOD

Form of risk assessment at the workplace

WORKING

COMPONENTS OF WORKING

OPERATION

OPERATIONS

cleaning furniture, paneling

and equipment, using a
ladder
1. Maintain
order and

HAZARDS

Level
difference

Wash windows and window

Level

sills

difference

TCZ
[MIN]

P S RCZ

60

2 3

50

2 3

30

1 1

60

2 3

cleanliness in
Physical

designated
areas

workload Removes accumulated

dynamic.

waste in the trash bags

The
physical
effort

Vacuuming the room,

washes the floors,
staircases,

Physical
workload dynamic.

The
physical
effort

Physical
workload Mow the lawn and
clean autumn leaves,

dynamic.
The

70

2 2

70

3 2

35

1 4

35

1 3

30

1 3

40

2 1

physical
effort

Risk of
Surfaces where it is
possible to fall

falling at
the same
level

Chemical agents toxic

Chemical agents Irritation

Chemical agents sensitizing

Risk of
poisoning

Risk of
irritation

Risk of
allergy

Hitting
Limited spaces
(access, transition)

stationary
elements

COMPONENTS OF WORKING

WR

Tc

WNR

Work

Risk

OPERATIONS

CZ

CZ

activity

category

60

1. Cleaning furniture, paneling and

equipment, using a ladder

Significant
Dangerous
3,01 6
Significant

2. Wash windows and window sills

50

Dangerous
3,01 6

4.51

3. Removes accumulated waste in the

trash bags

4. Vacuuming the room, washes the floors,

staircases,

30

Safe

60

Dangerous

minimal 1 - 2

Significant
3,01 6
Significant

5. Mow the lawn and clean autumn leaves,

70

Dangerous
3,01 6
Significant

6. Surfaces where it is possible to fall

70

Dangerous
3,01 6
Significant

7. Chemical agents - toxic

35

Dangerous
3,01 6
Acceptable

8. Chemical agents - Irritation

35

Almost safe
2,01-3
Acceptable

9. Chemical agents - sensitizing

30

Almost safe
2,01-3

10. Limited spaces (access, transition)

40

Safe

minimal 1 - 2

Risk
assesment
update
Every two
months

Every two
months

Every six
months

Every two
months

Every two
months

Every two
months

Every two
months

Every three
months

Every three
months
Every six
months

4.2.

RISK SCORE METHOD

Risk assessment without the use of

Preventive

prophylactic

actions

Hazard
S

1. Level

difference

Risk

Work activity

category

category

12

Significan

18

Significan

Dangerous

2. Physical
workload dynamic.

10

The

Dangerous

physical

Should be taken
preventive actions
and sought to
reduce the risk to
an acceptable
level. The
inspection should
be increased
and insightful.
Should be taken
preventive actions
and sought to
reduce the risk to
an acceptable level.
The inspection
should be increased
and insightful.

effort
3. Risk of

falling at

54

Significan

Dangerous

the same
level

4. Risk of
poisoning

5. Risk of
irritation

6. Risk of
allergy

15

0,2

18

Acceptabl

Almost Safe

Should be made
periodic preventive
security actions and
carried out
continuous
monitoring.

Almost Safe

Should be made
periodic preventive
security actions and
carried out
continuous
monitoring.

Almost Safe

Should be made
periodic preventive
security actions and
carried out
continuous
monitoring.

0,2

8,4

Acceptabl
e

0,2

8,4

Acceptabl
e

7. Hitting
stationary
elements

0,5

1,5

Acceptabl
e

Should be taken
preventive actions
and sought to
reduce the risk to
an acceptable level.
The inspection
should be increased
and insightful.

Almost Safe

Should be made
periodic preventive
security actions and
carried out
continuous

monitoring.

4.3.

POLISH STANDARD METHOD

Harmfulnes

Hazard

Probabili

s of

ty

consequen

Risk

Risk
category

ces

Admissibility of
occupational
risk

Necessary
actions

It is necessary
to ensure that

Level
differenc

Unlikely

Medium

Small

Acceptable

the
occupational
risk is at the
same level.
It is

Physical

recommended

workload dynamic.
The

to plan and

Probable

Medium

Medium

Acceptable

take action
aimed at
reducing

physical

occupational

effort

risk.

Risk of

It is necessary

falling

to ensure that

at the

Unlikely

Medium

Small

Acceptable

the
occupational

same

risk is at the

level

same level.
It is
recommended
to plan and

Risk of
poisonin

Unlikely

Large

Medium

Acceptable

take action
aimed at
reducing
occupational
risk.

Risk of
irritation

Unlikely

Large

Medium

Acceptable

It is
recommended
to plan and
take action
aimed at
reducing
occupational

risk.
It is
recommended
to plan and

Risk of
allergy

take action

Unlikely

Large

Medium

Acceptable

aimed at
reducing
occupational
risk.

Hitting

It is necessary

stationa

to ensure that

ry

Unlikely

Low

Small

Acceptable

the
occupational

element

risk is at the

same level.

5. SUMMARY OF RISK ASSESSMENTS

H

Si

RI

le

SK

si

SC

RE

ni

2/

si

TI

h
n
ol
o
g

CLEANING LADY

y
R WR W R W
i o i

o i o

s r

k k

c a

a c

t t

e i

g v

o i

r t

y y

i D

g a

n n

1.
L

i g
S
i

D
a

f e S
t
i r m

c o

a u

n s

t
S

2.
P

i D

g a

n n

c
e

i g
S
i

D
a

f e M
t
i r e

c o

a u

n s

t
S

3.

i D

g a

n n

c
e

i g
S
i

D
a

f e S
t
i r m

c o

a u

n s

t
4. S
i

D
a

A A MA
e

c
c
e
p

R
3

a
b
l
e

A
c
c
e

5.

A
c

p
A
l

a
l
e

A
c
c

e
A
c

p
A
l

a
l
e

p
t
a

e
A
l

e
p

e a

e
A
l

e
p

t M
t
t
b

7. M

t M
t
t
b

6.

e a

A A SA

c l mc
c m
e o
p s
t t

c
e
p
t
a

a
b
l
e

6. CONCLUSIONS
Using the three methods described previously, we can conclude that the most
precise is the Silesian University Method.
As all the possible risks and hazards that the cleaning lady can be exposed to are
acceptable there is no special need of taking any actions.