Beafrncsco | 2011033406 | MB

RIZAL

Chapter 2: Rizal Law

Republic Act No. 1425
House Bill No. 5561

Senate Bill No. 438

-Approved June 12, 1956
The story of the Rizal Law

The Constitution of Cadiz

-

1950s
-

Was a time of uncertainty in the

country.
Corrupt party politics and news of
corruption was rampant.

Claro M. Recto
-

Obligatory for college and university

students to study the life and works of
Jose Rizal
Catholic church assailed the Rizal bill as
anti-church

Fr. Jesus Cavanna

-

Senator Jose P. Laurel

Allowing students to seek exemptions
from reading Rizals works for religious
reasons.

Chapter 3: The world during Rizals time

Philippines was still a colony of Spain

Ideas of freedom, liberty & equality

Needs for Reforms: Representation

Originated from Junta Central

Established by Spanish liberals
Believed in the
o Natural rights of Man
o Constitutionalism
o Rights to Personal property

Ventura de los Reyes

-

Chosen to represent the colony

Ferdinand VII
-

19th Century
-

Allowing colonies to be represented in

the Spanish parliament called the
Cortes.
Filipinos as well as other people of the
colonies were considered as citizens
of Spain with the same rights as those
in the Peninsula.
Abolition of forced labor
Equality of citizens
Abolition of monopolies including
galleon trade
Establishment of free trade
Freedom of expression, press, and
religion

Cortes

There were 120 anti-Catholic

statements, 25 patriotic statements

Compromise bill
-

Original author of the bill

Original Bill

Napoleon invaded Spain in 1808, forced

King Charles IV to abdicate in favour of
his son who became Ferdinand VII.
Napoleon replaced him with his
brother, Joseph.
The Spaniards resisted the French,
triggering the worlds first Guerilla war.
Guerrila = little war

Reassumed absolute political power

and abolished the Cortes
Soldiers revolted and forced Ferdinand
to restore the Cadiz Constitution of
1812

Maria Cristina
-

Ferdinand VIs wife

Beafrncsco | 2011033406 | MB
-

Held a secret session

o Philippines should not be
accorded representation
It was placed under
Overseas Ministry
Philippines had
no
representation
in the Spanish
parliament

The conditions in Europe, America, and Asia

-

Queen Isabella II
-

Ferdinand VII and Maria Cristinas

daughter
Spain continued its downward spiral as
European power

Religious Front: Secularization

Secularization
-

Placing the management of the parish

under the secular clergy
Mandated under the Council of Trent
during the 16th Century
Native secular priests were found to be
wanting and deemed to be not ready to
head the parishes
Forefront:
o Fr. Pedro Pablo Palaez
o Fr. Jacinto Zamora
o Fr. Mariano Gomes
o Fr. Jose Burgos

1767

The church wielded political power as

religious officials influenced
government policy
Religious orders became entrenched in
colonial society
Great economic influence as the owner
of large tracts of lands
Church was also the chief censor in the
colony
Marcelo H. del Pilar, reformist

Europe
o went up in revolution from
1848 with the regimes of the
absolute monarchs in France
and Austria
In Mexico,
o the French overthrew the
monarchists and established a
republic
British
o gained its colony in HK and
forced China to open five ports
to its traders after defeating
China in Opium War
Arrow war
o China was forced to open the
whole country to foreigners
India
o became a crown colony of
Britain
Pres. Abraham Lincoln
o emancipated the black slaves
but triggered American Civil
war

Conditions in the Philippines in the 19 th

century
-

Frailocracy
-

Expulsion of Jesuits
Allowed to return in 1858

Cadiz constitution
o was gladly received in the
islands but was later revoked.
Kailianes
o rose up in revolt because they
refuse to believe that the Cadiz
constitution was abolished.
Spaniards were a minority
Only the officials down to the rank of
sergeants were Spaniards.
Capitan municipal, teniente, and cabeza
o became elective positions oin
the 19th century and were open
only to the members of the
principalia

Beafrncsco | 2011033406 | MB
-

No native rose form the rank of

lieutenant
Parish priest
o served as the communitys
chief censor and guardian of
morals
Decline of Spanish enterprises such as
o Galleon trade
o Compania Real de Filipinas
Spains Rivals began direct trading with
the Philippines
1834
o opening of Manila to world
trade
Subsistence economy to cash crop
economy
Spaniards used Filipinos disunity to
divide and rule the country
Principales are exempted from polos y
servicios

Lt. Andres Novales

-

Mutinied because of the discrimination

and unfair treatment
His followers proclaimed him as
emperor of the Philippines and shouted
long live the Philippines
o Actually the 1st cry for the
independence of the islands.

Juan Mercado
-

Aspired to be a priest but was refused

Confradia de san Jose
Hermano Pule
King of the Tagalogs
Tayabas Regiment

Ancestry and Birth of Rizal

Domingo Lamco
-

Christian name of Lam Co

Francisco Mercado
-

Elected as gobernadorcillo

Elected as capitan del pueblo

Francisco Engracio Mercado

-

Rizals Father
Married Teodora Alonso

Inquilinos
-

Primary tenants

Gov. General Narciso Claveria

-

Apolinario de la Cruz
-

Developed good relations with the

dominicans and was able to lease from
them 500 hectares
Became the richest in Calamba
Principalia
Managed to lease more lands in Pansol
o No rent was to be charged for
the next five years and instead
of the standard 25 pesos, they
only have to pay 15 pesos

Decreed that all natives adapt new

family names so that they can be taxed
properly
o Filipinos whose ancestors
helped in the colonization of
the Philippines were exempted
o Pure chinese were also
exempted
o Francisco Engracio Mercado
chose Ricial , thus, Rizal
Mercado

Jose Rizal
-

Born at the midnight of JUNE 19, 1861 ,

entry into this valey of tears

Concepcion Mercado
-

died at the age of 3

Historical side story

Beafrncsco | 2011033406 | MB
The events of 1872: The Cavite mutiny and the
execution of fathers Gomez, Burgos, and
Zamora.
GOMBURZA
-

Executed because of Cavite mutiny

Meeting tonight, bring powder and
shot

Cavite Mutiny
-

The workers who previously exempted

from polo found themselves required to
do the task just like ordinary natives

Fr. Mariano Gomez

-

Aged 73
Executioner knelt before him and said
Father, forgive me, for I am going to kill
you

Fr. Jacinto Zamora

-

He had become insane

Fr. Jose Burgos

-

Crying, I am innocent so was Christ,

accept your faith

Francisco Zaldua
-

False witness

El FIlibusterismo
-

Marked the beginning of Filipino

nationalism

Gov. General Rafael de Izquierdo

-

Memorias de un Estudiante de Manila

-

Revoked the exemption from

compulsory community labor and
increased tax deduction from their
monthly pay
Ruled with an iron fist

Autobiography
Wrote at the age of 17

Un Recuerdo A mi pueblo
-

Immortalize the town of his birth

Francisco Mercado
-

A model of fathers

Teodora Alonso
-

Cultured woman of Manila

Jose Rizal
-

Ute, moy, pepe, pepito

Lucas Padua & Leon Moymoy

-

Taught Rizal latin

El Amigo de los Ninos

-

book being read while he became

distracted to the moths

Sa aking kabata
-

first poem that he wrote, aged 8

Uncles that taught him

-

In honor of GOMBURZA

Execution of GOMBURZA
-

Chapter 4: The childhood years

Gregorio
o Read good books
Jose Alberto
o Sketch, paint, sculpt
Manuel
o Physical development

Tutors:
1.) Celestin
2.) Lucas Padua
3.) Leon Monroy
Formal Education

Beafrncsco | 2011033406 | MB
Maestro Justiniano Aquino Cruz
-

infliction of pain was made to ensure

that the student remembers the lesson

Queen Isabella II
-

A taste of Injustice
-

Donya Teodora was accused as an

accomplice of Jose Alberto of trying to
poison the latters wife
Dominicans who managed the Calamba
estate provided help by engaging the
services of
o Don Francisco de Marcaida &
o Don Manuel P. Marzano
who were law
professors at UST.

CHAPTER 5
A Manila student: The Ateneo Years
-

took private lessons at Sta. Isabel

college
1st yr 2nd sem
o Depressed
o Donya teodora was in prison
nd
2 yr: gold medal
o Moved to Donya pepays house
3rd yr
o Donya Teodora was released
from prison
4th yr:
o Lived inside Ateneo
o Fr. Francisco de Paula Sanchez
Great educator
Beloved professor

Historia Universal
-

Cesar Cantu
required book in class

Secretary General Don Antonio Estrada

-

Feodor Jagor

First name of Ateneo

Ateneo Municipal de Manila

-

Name of Ateno when Rizal entered

Reason for almost not being able to enrol in

Ateneo
1.) Late for registration
2.) Frail and sickly
Magin Fernando
-

Did not allow Rizal to Enrol

Manuel Xerxes Burgos

-

Helped Rizal to enter Ateneo

Rizal
-

Used to avoid any association to

GOMBURZA

Externo
-

Alexander Dumas

Travels to the Philippines

Issued the announcement for the

entrance examination
Examinations were held either at UST or
Letran

Escuela Pia

Count of Monte Cristo

-

Gave authority for the Dominican-run

UST to supervise secondary and higher
education in the islands

Living outside Ateneo

Lived in ahouse in Carabllo Street in
Santa Criz
o Owned by Titay who owed the
family 300Php

Ateneo
-

Racios Studiorium
o Style of education gave
emphasis to rigid Discipline,

Beafrncsco | 2011033406 | MB

Character building, and

Religious instruction.
Romans (red) and Carthaginians (blue)
o Emperor
o Tribune
o Centurion
o Standard bearers
1st defeat
left
2nd defeat
Inferior right
3rd defeat
Inclined left
4th defeat
Reversed right
5th defeat
left
6th defeat
Donkey

Sobresaliente
-

Agustin Saez
-

1st Professor

La Tragedia de San Eustaquio

o Tragic story of St. Eustace
Un Recuerdo a Mi Pueblo
o In memory of my town
Alianza Intima Entra la Religion y la
Buena Educacion
o Intimate Alliance Between
Religion and Good Education
El Cautiverio y el Triunfo: Batalla de
Lucena y Prision de Boabdil
o The captivity and triumph: The
captivity and Imprisonment of
Boabdil)
o Boabdil, the last Moorish sultan
of Granada
La Entrada Triunfal de los Reyes
Catolicos en Granada
o The triumphal entry of the
Catholic Monarchs into
Granada)
El Heroismo de Colon
o The Heroism of Columbus)
Colon y Juan II

Painting professor, Spanish

Romualdo Teodoro de Jesus

Poems:
-

Excellent

The Painter and Sculptor

Fr. Jose Bech

-

o Colombus and John II

Gran Consuelo en la Mayor Desdicha
o Narration in verse of the voyage
of Columbus
Un Dialogo Alusivo a la Despedida a los
Colegiales
o Farewell poem to classmates in
the Ateneo

Scuplting professor
Filipino
Formed an organization named
katipunan
Filosofo Tasio

Batikuling
-

Wood used for the Blessed virgin mary

Fr. Lleonart
-

Requested Rizal to carve the sacred

heart

Kataastaasang kaggalanggalang
katipunan ng mga anak ng bayan
Ladislao Diwa
Teodoro Plata
Andres Bonifacio

KKK

Devout Catholic
-

Rizal joined the Marian Congregation

and served as its secretary
Regularly attended mass every morning

A lover of the Arts and the Sciences

Beafrncsco | 2011033406 | MB
-

Rizal was an active member in the

Academy of Spanish Literature and the
Academy of Natural Sciences

First Romantic Episode

Segunda Katigbak
-

Fell in love with her while in Ateneo, @

16yo
Engaged to Manuel luz

1877-1878
-

Rizals Diploma
-

was issued by University of Santo

Tomas
Bachiller en Artes

Chapter 6: The University of Santo Tomas,

1877-1882
April 1877
-

Rizal was 16 years old

Enrolled at UST to take up
o Philosophy and Letters, 18771878

Class in medicine
-

Dissuaded Rizal to take law

1878-1879
-

Shifted to medicine to cure his mothers

failing eyesight

Curso de Ampliacion
-

Medicine proper and first year medicine

at the same time
Approved by the Governor General of
the Philippines

University of Santo Tomas

-

Petitioned to give preference to local

graduates
Students attended classes for 3 h, rest
of the day was free time
Not required to attend mas every
morning

Returned to Ateneo and took up a

vocational course
o President of the Academy of
Spanish Literature
o Continued membership in the
Marian Congregation as
secretary
o Land Surveying
o Awarded perito agrimensor
o Issued the certificate on Nov
25, 2881
He was too young when
he finished this course

The Thomasian student

Paciano
-

Students were given more freedom

because they are believed to be more
mature and responsible
Rizal spent his time studying

24 students
o 3 peninsular Spaniards
o 3 Philippine-born Spaniards
o Rest were natives

Academia de Bibujo y Pintura

-

Painting lessons

1st year med

-

Fund-raising campaign to erect a statue

in honor of Archbishop Miguel de
Benavidez
o Universitys benefactor and
rector
Fr. Joaquin Fonesca
o Rector
o Asked Gov. General Domingo
Moriones
Raise funds from
students and professors
to fabricate the statue
and construct the

Beafrncsco | 2011033406 | MB

monument which
needed 30,000 pesos
The project was colled off after
raising only 4,000 and took 13
years to complete
Statue was cast in
France

fair hope of the

motherland
1880
-

2nd year med

-

Took up:
o General Anatomy and Histology
2
o Descriptive Anatomy II
o Exercises of Dissection
o Physiology
o Private and Public Hygiene
Jose Franco
o Notorious for failing his
students
o Model for Padre Million
o Classmate at Universidad
Central de Madrid
o Eleven students passed
Fr. Francisco Gainza
o Famous boshop of Nueva
Caceres
o Leading Dominican in the
Philippines 19th century
unsurpassed in wisdom, literary
output and administrative
capability
o Opposed to the teaching of
Spanish in the elementary
schools
Blessing of the Metropolitan Cathedral
of Manilwa which was damaged by the
earthquake of 1863
Wrote 3 poems
o Abd-el Azis y Mohama
o Sonnet : A Filipinas
o A la Juventud Filipina
TO the Filipino Youth
Won 1st prize at the
Liceo Literario de
Manila
Referred to the
youth as the

Submitted a literary work to the Liceo

Artistico-Literario
o Commemorating the 400th
death anniversary of Spains
National poet
Miguel Cervantes
El Consejo de los Dioses
o Rizals entry
o Grand prize
Spanish community appaled upon
learning that the author was an Indio
Castillian community howled in protest
1st time and Indio excelled in that
national literary contest

3rd year
-

Enrolled in
o General Pathology
Dr. Miguel Pina
o Therapeutics
o Medical Matter and the Art of
Prescribing
Dr. Miguel Pina
o Surgical Anatomy
Dr. Dimas
o Operations and External
Medical Applications and
Bandages
Political changing of the guard as
Governor General Moriones was
replaced by Gov General Fernando
Primo de Rivera
School began without a rector
Fr. Jose Cueto as acting rector
Classes began on July 3
Stong earthquake on july 18
o Classes were suspended for one
month
o Priest- professors occupied the
rooms
Classes resumed on August 30
Wrote Junto al Pasic
o Request of Jesuits

Beafrncsco | 2011033406 | MB
o

Staged at the Ateneo

On the feast day of the
Immaculate Concepcion
At the end of the year, reduced by two
students

4th year
-

Enrolled in:
o Medical Pathology
o Siphilography
Jose de Antelo
o Surgical Pathology
Dr. Quintin Maynet
o Obstetrics
o Sickness of Women and
Children
Dr. Mariano Cuadrado
Notable in all subjects

The Discrimination in UST

Beafrncsco | 2011033406 | MB