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Forced Oscillations 4.1 Objectives: T Sin D B DT D J

This document describes an experiment on forced oscillations using a torsion pendulum. The objectives are to study forced oscillations at different currents and plot resonance curves. The experiment measures the oscillation amplitude of the pendulum at varying frequencies of an external driving force. A graph of amplitude versus frequency will be plotted to determine the natural frequency and resonance frequency. Safety procedures and equipment needed are outlined. Theoretical background on forced oscillations and resonance is provided.

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Mubeen Ahmed Khan
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34 views

Forced Oscillations 4.1 Objectives: T Sin D B DT D J

This document describes an experiment on forced oscillations using a torsion pendulum. The objectives are to study forced oscillations at different currents and plot resonance curves. The experiment measures the oscillation amplitude of the pendulum at varying frequencies of an external driving force. A graph of amplitude versus frequency will be plotted to determine the natural frequency and resonance frequency. Safety procedures and equipment needed are outlined. Theoretical background on forced oscillations and resonance is provided.

Uploaded by

Mubeen Ahmed Khan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiment 4

APPLIED PHYSICS

FORCED OSCILLATIONS
4.1

OBJECTIVES
1. Study forced oscillations for I=0A and plot resonance curve for each value of current.
2. Determine the natural frequency o and Torsion constant or Torsion coefficient D.

4.2
1.
2.
3.
4.

4.3
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
4.4

SAFETY NOTES:
The current through the eddy current brake should not exceed 2 A for a long time.
Avoid overheating of the coils by measuring too long with large current I >1A.
Do not touch buttons and knobs of motor and power supply unnecessarily.
Make connections carefully and call teacher to check the connections before turning
on the power supply.
EQUIPMENTS/ REQUIREMENTS:
1 Torsion Pendulum
1 Power Supply for Torsion Pendulum
1 Stop watch
1 Ammeter (max. 3ADC)
1 Connecting lead red 50 cm
1 Connecting lead blue 50 cm
THEORY:
Forced Oscillations:
Consider that a damped oscillator (torsion pendulum) is driven by an external torque

o Sint . Then the oscillation of the system can be defined by the following

equation:

d 2
d
b
D o sin(t )
2
dt
dt

(5)

where is the driving frequency and 0 is the driving torque.


The general solution of the equation is:

(t ) m ( ) sin(t )
with

m ( )

0
b
J ( 0 )

J
2

(6)

where, 0 is the natural frequency and is the phase shift between the oscillator
and the external torque.

tan

2
2
2
0

(7)

In this case the resonance frequency is

r o2 2 2
4.5

REFERENCES:
1. Physics by Halliday Resnick and Krane.
2. Fundamental of Physics by Halliday Resnick and Walker.
3. Physics for Scientists and Engineers by Serway and Jewett.

4.6

TECHNICAL DATA:
1. Characteristic frequency: approx. 0.5 Hz
2. Weight: approx. 6 kg
3. Moment of inertia: appox.3kgm2
4. Supply voltage: 0-24 V DC

Lab Instructor Arshia Aijaz

Page|41

(8)

Experiment 4

APPLIED PHYSICS

5. Maximum eddy current: 2 A


4.7

DESCRIPTION:
1. Scale ring
2. Pendulum body
(2a) pointer for
deflection,
(2b) pointer for phase
relation,
(2c) coiled spring
3. Exciter
(3a) push rod
(3b) drive wheel for
eccentric
4. Electromagnet for
eddy-current brake
5. Exciter motor
(5a) coarse control for
excitation voltage,
(5b) fine control for excitation voltage

4.8

EXPERIMENTAL SETUP:

4.9

PROCEDURE:
Make connections as shown in figure 3.5. Set the pointer to the zero on the scale by
turning the drive wheel.
Set the current I=0. Set the excitation voltage U=5V of the exciter with the help of
knob 5a (see in figure 3.3). This will change the frequency of exciter.
Measure timet for 5 rotation of the drive wheel and calculate the frequency of exciter
.
= n/t
Measure the amplitude of the oscillation after it has reached a steady state.
Now turn off the motor and allow the pendulum to become at rest. Increase the
excitation voltage in very small step. It will increase the frequency of exciter.
Turn on the motor. Measure timet for 5 rotation of the drive wheel and calculate the
frequency of exciter and read off the amplitude for stead state.
Take at least ten readings by repeating above procedure.
Plot graph for amplitude A (Scd) Vs timet sec. Determine resonance frequency and
discuss your graph.

1.
2.
3.

4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
4.10

OBSERVATIONS:

Lab Instructor Arshia Aijaz

Page|42

Experiment 4

Timet
sec

APPLIED PHYSICS

Frequency
Hz

Amplitude
A scd

Timet
sec

Frequency
Hz

Amplitude
A scd

4.11

GRAPH:
1. Plot graph for frequency versus max amplitude and determine resonance frequency.

4.12

CALCULATIONS:
1. From graph resonance frequency is __________Hz.

4.13

RESULT AND DISCUSSION:

Lab Instructor Arshia Aijaz

Page|43

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