METHODS OF PHYSICAL TESTS FOR

HYDRAULIC CEMENT
PART 2 DETERMINATION OF FINENESS BY BLAINE AIR PERMEABILITY METHOD

( Second Revision )

ICS 91.100.10

0 BIS 1999

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS

MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG
NEW DELHI 110002

January 1999 Price Group 4

Cement and Concrete Sectional Committee. CED 2

FOREWORD

This Indian Standard (Part 2) (Secorrd Revision) was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards, after the draft
finalized by the Cement and Concrete Sectional Committee had been approved by the Civil Engineering Division
Council.

Standard methods of testing cement are essential adjunct to the cement specifications. This standard in different,
parts lays down the procedure for the tests to evaluate the physical properties of different types of hydraulic
cement. The procedure for conducting chemical test is covered in IS 4032 : 1985 ‘Methods of chemical analysis
of hydraulic cement Cfirst revision)‘. Originally all the tests to evaluate the physical properties of hydraulic
cement were covered in one standard but for facilitating the use of the standard and future revisions, the revised
standard was brought out into different parts, each part covering different tests. This part covers determination
of fineness by specific surface by Blaine air permeability apparatus.

The second revision of this standard has been prepared with a view to aligning this test method with European
Standard EN 196 (Part 6) ‘Method of testing cement: Determination of fineness’.

In reporting the result of a test or analysis made in accordance with this standard, if the final value, observed or
calculated, is to be rounded off, it shall be done in accordance with IS 2 : 1960 ‘Rules for rounding off numerical
values (revised)‘.
 IS 4031( Part 2 ) : 1999

Indian Standard

METHODSOFPHYSICALTESTSFOR
HYDRAULICCEMENT
PART 2 DETERMINATION OF FINENESS BY BLAINE AIR PERMEABILITY METHOD

( Second Revision )
1 SCOPE 4.2 Timer

This standard (Part 2) covers the procedure for The timer shall have a positive starting and stopping
determining by Blaine air permeability apparatus, the mechanism and shall be capable of being read to the
fineness of cement as represented by specific surface nearest 0.2 s or better. The timer shall be accurate to
expressed as total surface area in cm2/g. 1 percent or better over time intervals up to 300 s.
NOTE - This method is also being used for determination of
fineness of various other materials. However, it should be
4.3 Balances
understood that the values obtained are relative rather than
Balances capable of weighing about 3 g to the nearest
absolute.
1 mg for the cement and about 50 g to 110 g to the
2 REFERENCES nearest 10 mg for the mercury.
The Indian Standards listed below contain provisions 4.4 Standard Weights
which through reference in this text, constitute
4.5 Pyknometer
provision of this standard. At the time of publication
the editions indicated were valid. All standards are Pyknometer or other convenient means of determining
subject to revision and parties to agreements based on the density of cement.
this standard are encouraged to investigate the
4.6 Manometer Liquid
possibility of applying the most recent editions of the
standards indicated below: The manometer shall be filled to the level of the lowest
etched line with a non-volatile, non-hygroscopic
IS No. Title
liquid of low viscosity and density, such as dibutyl
3535 : 1980 Methods of sampling hydraulic phthalate or light mineral oil.
cement first revision)
5516 : 1996 Specification for variable flow type 4.7 Mercury
air permeability apparatus (Blaine
type) (first revision) Mercury of reagent grade or better.

4.8 Reference cement of known specific surface.

3 SAMPLING AND SELECTION OF TEST
SPECIMEN 4.9 Light oil, to prevent formation of mercury
amalgam on the inner surface of the cell.
The samples of the cement shall be taken in
accordance with the requirements of IS 3535 and the 4.10 Circular discs of filter paper, having a smooth
relevant standard specification for the type of cement circumference adapted to the dimensions of the cell.
being tested. The representative sample of the cement The filter paper is of medium porosity (mean pore
selected as above shall be thoroughly mixed before diameter 7 pm).
testing.
4.11 Light grease, for ensuring an airtight joint
4 APPARATUS AND MATERIALS between cell and manometer, and in the stopcock.

4.1 Variable Flow Type Air Permeability 5 TEST PROCEDURE

Apparatus (Blaine Type)
5.1 Test Conditions
Variable flow type air permeability apparatus (Blame
Type) and the accessories conforming to IS 55 16 shall The laboratory in which the air permeability test is
be used. carried out shall be maintained at a temperature of

1
IS 4031( Part 2 ) : 1999

27 f 2°C and a relative humidity not exceeding Tap the cell to level the cement. Place a second new
65 percent. All materials for test and calibration shall filter paper disc on the levelled cement. Insert the
be at the laboratory temperature when used and shall plunger to make contact with the filter paper disc.
be protected from absorption of atmospheric moisture Press the plunger gently but firmly until the lower face
during storage. A laboratory temperature of 20 f 2°C of the cap is in contact with the cell. Slowly withdraw
may be maintained, if desired by the purchaser. the plunger about 5 mm, rotate it through 90” and
5.2 Compacted Cement Bed gently but firmly press the bed once again until the
plunger cap is in contact with the cell. The bed is now
5.2.1 Busis compacted and ready for the permeability test. Slowly
The compacted cement bed comprises a reproducible withdraw the plunger.
arrangement of cement particles with a specified NOTE - Too rapid and vigorous pressing may change the
volume of air included between the particles. This air particle size distribution and therefore change the specific
volume is defined as a fraction of the total volume of surface of the bed. The maximum pressure should be that
comfortably exerted by a thumb on the plunger.
the bed and is termed the porosity, e.
It follows that the volume fraction occupied by the 5.3 Air Permeability Test
cement particles is (l-e). If Vis the total volume of the 5.3.1 Basis
bed, the absolute volume of cement is V( l-e) (cm3),
and the mass of cement m is pV(l-e) (g) where p is The specific surface, S, is given in 5.6.1 but is
the solid density of the cement particles p (g/cm3). conveniently expressed as:

Thus, knowing p, a mass of cement can be weighed to SAX+---@- 47

(cm*/g) . ..(2)
produce a desired prosity, e, in the compacted bed of p (l-e)XG
total voiume V. The determination of p is described
where
in 5.2.3 and :?;af of V in 5.4.1.
K is the apparatus const;lnt,
5.2.2 Preparation oj the Sample e is the porosity of the bed,
Agitate the sample of cement to be tested by shaking t is the measured time(s),
for 2 min in a stoppered jar to disperse agglomerates. P is the density of cement (g/cm3), and
Wait for 2 min. Stir the resulting powder gently using q is the viscosity of air at the test temperature
a clean dry rod in order to distribute the fines taken from Table 1 (P.s).
throughout the cement. With the specified porosity of e = 0.500 and
5.2.3 Determination of Dens@ temperature:
a) at 27 + 2°C
Determine the density of the cement using a device
such as a pyknometer or Le-chatelier flask. Use a s _ 521.08 KG
(cm’/g)
non-reactive liquid in the determination. The quantity P
of cement used will depend on the nature of the
b) at 20 i 2°C
apparatus but shall be such that the value of p
determined is accurate to 0.01 g/cm3. Verify this s = 524.2KG
accuracy by a repeat determination and record the (cm*/&
P
mean of the two determinations to the nearest
0.01 g/cm3 as the density. Table 1 Density of Mercury D, Viscosity of Air
5.2.4 Formation of the Bed (n) and mas Function of Temperature
(Clauses 5.3.1, 5.4.1, 5.4.2 and 5.6. I)
To give a cement bed of porosity e = 0.500 weigh a
quantity of cement, ml, calculated from: Temperature Mass Density of Viscosity of Air q
“C Mercury Pascal second
ml = 0.500 pV (g) . ..( 1) g/cm3 Pa.s
(1) (2) (3) (4)
where 16 13.56 0.000 017 88 0.00 I 337
P is the density of the cement (g/cm3), and 18 13.55 0.00001798 0.001 341
V is the volume of the cement bed (cm3). 20 13.5s 0.000 018 08 0.001345
22 13.54 0.000018 18 0.001 348
This mass, correctly compacted, will produce a bed of 24 13.54 O.OOOOl828 0.001 352
26 13.53 0.000 018 37 0.00 I 355
porosity 0.500. Place the perforated disc on the ledge 28 13.53 0.00001847 0.001 359
at the bottom of the cell and place on it a new filter 30 13.52 0.000018 57 0.001 363
paper disc. Ensure that the filter paper disc fully covers 32 13.52 0.00001867 0.001366
34 13.51 0.00001876 0.00 I 370
the perforated disc and is flat by pressing with a clean
NOTE - Intermediate value shall be obtained by linear
dry rod. Place the weighed quantity of cement, ml, in
interpolation.
the cell taking care to avoid loss.

2
 IS 4031( Part 2 ) : 1999

5.3.2 Procedure The bed volume V is given by:

Insert the conical surface of the cell into the socket at

the top of the manometer, using if necessary a little
light grease to ensure an airtight joint. Take care not
v=m2
Dm3
(cm3)
to disturb the cement bed. where D is the density of mercury at the test
temperature taken from Table 1.
Close the top of the cylinder with a suitable plug. Open
the stopcock and with gentle aspiration raise the level Repeat the procedure with fresh cement beds until two
of the manometer liquid to that of the highest etched values of V are obtained differing by less than
line, close the stopcock and observe that the level of 0.005 cm3. Record the mean of these two values as V.
the manometer liquid remains constant. If it falls, NOTE- Care should be taken to avoid spilling or splashing the
mercury and any contact between it and the operator’s skin and
remake the cell -manometer joint and check the
eyes.
stopcock, repeat the leakage test until the improved
sealing produces a steady level of the liquid. Open the 5.4.2 Determination of the Apparatus Constant
stopcock and by gentle aspiration adjust the level of From a supply of reference cement of known specific
the liquid, to that of the highest etched line. Close the surface prepare a compacted cement bed and measure
stopcock. Remove the plug from the top of the its permeability by the procedures given in 5.2.2
cylinder. The manometer liquid will begin to flow. to 5.2.4 and 5.3.2. Record the time t, and the
Start the timer as the liquid reaches the second etched
temperature of test using the same bed 1; repeat twice
line and stop it when the liquid reaches the third etched the procedure of 5.3.2 and record the two further
line. Record the time f, to the nearest 0.2 s and the values of time and of temperature. Repeat the whole
temperature to the nearest 1°C. procedure on two further samples of the same
Repeat the procedure on the same bed and record the reference cement. For each of the three samples
additional ,values of time and temperature. Prepare a calculated the means of the three times and
fresh bed of the same cement with a second sample temperatures. For each sample calculate:
following the procedure of 5.2.4 or, where there is little
K = %p0(l -e)c
cement available, by breaking up the first bed and
reforming it as in 5.2.4. Carry out the permeability test GG . ..(3)
twice on the second bed, recording the values of time where
and temperature as before.
So is the specific surface of the reference cement
5.4 Calibration of Apparatus (cm*/g),
5.4.1 Determination of the Bed Volume po is the density of the reference cement (g/cm3),
to is the mean of the three measured times (s), and
Owing to the need for clearance between the cell and
the plunger, the volume of the compacted cement bed q. is the air viscosity at the mean of the three
varies for each cell-plunger combination. The volume temperatures (Pa.s) (Table I),
of the compacted cement bed shall be established for
with the specified porosity of e = 0.500
a given cell-plunger clearance, this volume is to be
determined as follows.
K = 1.414 Sop0
Apply a very thin film of light mineral oil to the cell
interior. Place the perforated disc on the ledge in the Take the mean of the three values of K as the constant
cell. Place two new filter paper discs on the perforated K for the apparatus.
disc and ensure that each covered the base of the cell
5.4.3 Recalibration
whilst lying flat by pressing with a rod.
Fill the cell with mercury. Remove any air bubbles Repeated use of apparatus may cause changes in the
cement bed volume and in the apparatus constant
with a clear dry rod. Ensure that the cell is full by
pressing a glass plate on the mercury surface until it is (because of the wear of cell, plunger and perforated
disc). These changes can be determined with the help
flush with the cell top. Empty the cell, weigh the
mercury to the nearest 0.01 g, m2, and record the of a so-called secondary reference cement whose
specific surface has been measured.
temperature. Remove one filter paper disc. Form a
compacted cement bed by the method described in and The cement bed volume and the apparatus constant
place on it a new filter paper disc. Refill the cell with shall be recalibrated with the reference cement:
mercury, removing air bubbles and levelling the top as
before. Remove the mercury, weigh it to the nearest
a> after 1 000 tests;
b) in the case of using:
0.01 g, m3, and check the temperature.
-another type of manometer fluid,

3
IS 4031( Part 2 ) : 1999

-another type of filter paper, and e is the porosity of the bed of cement under test,
-a new manometer tube; and e0 is the porosity of the bed of reference cement,
c) at systematic deviations of the secondary
t is the measured time for the cement under test(s),
reference cement.
to is the mean of the three times measured on the
5.5 Special Cements reference cement(s),
Certain cements having unusual particle size p is the density of the cement under test (g/cm”),
distributions and in particular, fine cements of higher
po is the density of the reference cement (g/cm3>,
strength grades may prove difficult to form into a
compacted bed of porosity e = 0.500 by the method TJ is the air viscosity at the test temperature taken
of 5.2.4. Should thumb pressure on the plunger cap fail from Table 1 (Pa.s), and
to bring it in contact with the top of the cell or if, after qa’is the air viscosity at the mean of the three
making contact and removing the pressure the plunger temperatures (Table 1) for the reference cement
moves upwards, the porosity of e = 0.500 shall be (Pa.s).
considered unattainable.
5.6.2 Eflect of Specified Porosity
For such cases the porosity required for a
Use of the specified porosity, e = 0.500 for both the
well-compacted bed shall be determined
reference and test cements simplifies formula, 5 to
eljperimentally. The mass of cement, rnq weighed to
make the bed as in 5.2.4 then becomes
. ..(6)
m4=U-ed PI V(g) . ..(4)
Where el is the porosity determined experimentally. In the case of cements requiring a porosity other than
e = 0.500 formula 6 cannot be used unless a reference
5.6 Simplification of the Calculation cement has been tested at that porosity.
5.6.1 Basic Formula
5.6.3 Effect of Density of Cement
The specific surface, S, of the cement under t&t is
calculated from the formula: The only remaining possibility of simplification is the
elimination of the density (p) terms. This has
Pox(l-eOl “;7x4iTx 47 previously been done where the only cements in
s3”
s =

p (1-e) O.lqo Gyso question were pure portland cements for which a value
of p of 3.15 was assumed to apply.That assumption is
(cm2k> ...(5) known to produce errors of up to 1 percent.
where 5.6.4 The formulae given in Table 2 may be used,
So is the specific surface of the reference cement calculate appropriate apparatus constant (KY)as shown
(cm2/g), in co1 3 of Table 2.

Table 2 Formulae for Apparatus Constant

SI No. Formula for Apparatus Porosity Temperatures Difference Cement to be

Fineness Constant Between Time of Tested
S K n Testing of Test
Sample Sample Sample and Calibrated
Sample (27’C)
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)
SO
i) K-6 0.5 0.5 Within f3”C Ordinary Portland
b
cement

KG 0.001 36 x So
ii) 0.5 0.5 Outside?3’C
Jo7i;; Cl
KG42 1.414x&
iii) 0.5 Otherthan 0.5 Within +3’C Cements other than OPC
l-e to
KWF 0.001 92 x So
iv) 0.5 do Outsidef3OC do
dO.ln (t-e) to
K-FL? 4.455 x so
v) 0.5 do Within &3”C
P(1 -e) Cl
KdX7 0.006 05 x so
vi) 0.5 Outside+3’C do
p (1 -e)llO.ln 4,

4
 IS 4031( Part 2 ) : 1999

5.7 Expression of Results The standard deviation of the repeatability is about

50 cm*/g and of the reproducibility is about 100 cm*/g.
Where the porosity is e = 0.500, the four times and
temperatures resulting from the procedure of 5.3.2 Where the porosity e is not = 0.500, equation 5 shall
shall be examined to check that the temperatures all be used and the result to the nearest 10 cm’/g reported
fall within the specified range of 27 If:2°C or 20 + 2’C. as the specific surface of the cement.
: The resulting value of S, to the nearest 10 cm*/g, shall
be reported as the specific surface of the cement. If, owing to a breakdown in control or for other
reasons, the four temperatures do not lie within the
A difference of 1 percent between the means of the specified range of 27 + 2°C or 20 + 2°C a value of S
fineness measurements carried out on two different shall be reported, to the nearest 10 cm2/g, as specific
powder beds from one and the same sample is surface of the cement.
acceptable.

5
IS 4031( Part 2 ) : 1999

ANNEX A
(FUFWW-d)
COMMITTEE COMPOSITION

Cement and Concrete Sectional Committee, CED 2

Chairman
DR H. C. VISVESVARYA
Chandrika, 63-64 East Park Road,
Malleswaran, Bangalore 56OG03
Membem Representing
SHRIH. BHATTACHARYA Orissa Cement Limited, New Delhi
StIRIG. R. BHARITKAR B. G. Shirke & Co, Pune
DR A. K. CHA~RIEE The Associated Cement Companies Ltd. Mumbai
SHRIS. H. SUBRAMANIAN ( Alternate )
CHIEFENGINEER (DESIGN) Central Public Works Department, New Delhi
Suproc ENGINEER (S & S) ( Alternate )
CHIEFENGINEER, NAVAGAMDAM Sardar Sarovar Narman Nigam Ltd. Gandhinagar
SUPTDCENGINEER, QCC ( Alternate )
CHIEFENGINEER (RESEARCH-CIJM-DIRECR) Irrigation and Power Research Institute, Amritsar
RESEARCH OFFICER CONCRETE TECHMOUX~Y ( Alternate )
DIRECTOR A.P. Engineering Research Laboratories, Hyderabad
JT DIRECTOR ( Alternate )
DIRECTOR (CMDD) (N&W) Central Water Commission, New Delhi
DY DIRECTOR (CMDD) (NW&S) ( Alternate )
SHRI K. H. GANGWAL Hyderabad Industries Ltd. Hyderabad
SHRIV. PATTABHI (Alternate )
SHRIV.K. GHANEKAR Srructural Engineering Research Centre (CSIR), Ghaziabad
SHRIS. GOPINAM The India Cements Ltd. Chennai
StiRIIi. TAMILAKARAN (Alternate )
SHRIS. K. GUHATHAKURTA Gannon Dunkerley & Co Ltd, Mumbai
SHRI S. P. SANKARANARAYANAN ( Alternute )
SHRIN. S. BHAL Central Building Research Institute (CSIR), Roorkee
DR IRWAD MASOOD( Alternate )
DR IRSHADMASSED Cement Corporation of India, New Delhi
SHRIN. C. JAIN(Alternate )
JOINTDIRECTOR STDS(B&S) (CB-I) Research, Designs & Standards Organization (Ministry of Railways),
Lucknow
JOINTDIRECTOR STDS(B & S) (CB-II) (Alternate )
SHRIN. G. JOSHI Indian Hume Pipes Co Ltd, Mumbai
SI~RIP. D. KELKAR(Alternate )
SHRID. K. KANUNFO National Test House, Caicutta
SHRIB. R. MEENA(Alternote)
SHRIP. KRISHNAMURTHY Larsen and Toubro Limited, Mumbai
SHRIS. CHAKRAVARTHY (Alternate 1)
SHRIC. REDDY(Alternate II )
DR A. G. MADHAVARAO Structural Engineering Research Centre (CSIR). Chennai
SHRIK. MANI ( Alternate )
SHRIG. K. MAJUMDAR Hospital Services Consultancy Corporation (India) Ltd. New Delhi
SHRIJ. SARUP( Alternute )
SIIRIPRAFULLAKUMAR Ministry of Transport, Department of Surface Transport Roads Wing,
New Delhi
SHRIP. P. NAIR ( Alternute )
MEMBERSECRETARY Central Board of Irrigation and Power, New Delhi
DIRECTOR (CIVIL)(Alternute )
SHRI S. K. NATHANI,SO 1 Engineer-in-Chief’s Branch, Army Headquarters, New Delhi
DR A. S. GoE~EE ( Alternate )
SHRIY. R. PHULL Central Road Research Institute (CSIR), New Delhi
StIRIS. S. SEEHRA( Alrernafe )
SHRIY. R. PWLL Indian Roads Congress, New Delhi
SHRIA. K. SHARMA( Alternute )
DR C. RAJKUMAR National Council for Cement and Building Materials, New Delhi
DR S. C. AHLUWALIA(Alternate)
SNRIG. RAMDAS Directorate General of Supplies and Disposals, New Delhi
SHRIR. C. SHARMA( Alternute )
SHRIS. A. REDDI Gammon India Ltd. Mumbai
REPRESENTATIVE Builder’s Association of India, Mumbai
SI-~RI
J. S. SANGANERIA Geological Survey of India, Calcutta
SHRIL. N. AGARWAL( A/tern&e )
(Continued on page 7)

6
 IS 4031( Part 2 ) : 1999

(Continued.from page 6)

Members Representing
SHRIS. B. Sum Central Soil and Materials Research Station, New Delhi
SHRIN. CHANDRASEKARAN
( Alternate )
SUFTDGENGINEER(DESIGN) Public Works Department, Govt of Tamil Nadu, Chennai
EXECUTIVE (S.M.R. DIVISION)(Alternate )
SHRIA. K. CHADHA Hindustan Prefab Ltd. New Delhi
SHRIJ. R. SIL (Alternate )
DR H. C. VISVE.WARAYA The Institution of Engineers (India), Calcutta
SHRID. C. CHATURVEDI( Alternate )
SHRI VINOD KUMAR. Director General, BIS (Ex-officio Member)
Director (Civ Engg)
Member Secretary
SHRI J. K. PRASAD
Additional Director (Civ Engg), BIS

Cement, Pozzolana and Cement Additives Subcommittee, CED 2.1

Chairman
DR H. C. VISVESVARYA
Chandrika, 63-64 East Park Road,
Malleswaran, Bangalore 560003
Members
SHRIB. R. MEENA National Test House, Calcutta
SHRIB. K. MANDAL ( Alternate )
SHRIN. G. BASAK Directorate General of Technical Development, New Delhi
SHRIT. MADNESHEAR ( Alternate )
SHRISOMNATHBANERIEE Cement Manufacturer’s Association, New Delhi
CHIEFENGINEER(RESEARCH-CUM-DIRECT) Irrigation Department, Govt of Punjab, Amritsar
RESEARCHOFFICER (CONCRETE TECHNOLOGY)
(Alterwate )
DIRECTOR Gujarat Engineering Research Institute, Vadodara
SHRIJ. K. PATEL( Alternate )
DIRECTOR Maharashtra Engineering Research Institute, Nasik
RESEARCH OFFICER ( Alternate )
DIRECTOR (C&MDD II) Central Water Commission, New Delhi
DY DIRE~R (C&MDD 11)(Alternate )
SHRI R. K. GA~TANI Shree Digvijay Cement Co Ltd. Mumbai
DR R. K. SOOD (Alternate )
DR A. K. CHATTERIEE The Associated Cement Company Ltd, Mumbai
SHRIC. H. PAGE(Alternate )
DEPUTYDIRECTOR(B&F) Research. Designs and Standards Organization, Lucknow
Assrr DESIGNENGINEER
(Alternate )
SIiRIV. K. MEHTA The Hindustan Construction Co Ltd. Mumbai
SHRIU. B. DANGI( Alternate )
SHRIG. K. MAIUMDAR Hospital Services Consultancy Corporation (India) Ltd, New Delhi
DR IRSHADMASOOD Central Building Ressearch Institute (CSIR), Roorkee
SHRIS. K. GARG ( Alternate )
SHKIK. KUNJITHAPA~AM Vishnu Cement Ltd. Hyderabad
EXECUTIVE ENGINEER Central Warehousing Corpn, New Delhi
SHRIK. NARANAPPA Central Electricity Authority, New Delhi
SHRID. P. KEWALRAGMANI ( Alternate )
DR S. C. AHLUWALIA National Council for Cement and Building Materials, New Delhi
SHRIK. H. BABU (Alternate )
SHRIM. K. MUKHERJEE Road Wing, Department of Surface Transport, New Delhi
SHRIN. K. SINHA(Alternate )
SHRIJ. D. D~SAI Gujarat Ambuja Cement, Ahmadabad
SHRIB. K. JAGETIA (Alternate )
SHKI Y. R. PH~LL Central Road Research Institute, New Delhi
SHRIS. S. SEEHRA( AlttWXZte)
DR K. C. NARANG Dalmia Cement (Bharat) Ltd ,New Delhi
SHRIC. S. SHARMA(Alternate j
SHRIPURAMMAL Engineer-in Chief’s Branch Army Headquarters, New Delhi
SHRIK. M. NAMBIAR( Alternate )
SHRIS. A. REDDI Gammon India Ltd. Mumbai
PROJECT DIRECTOR Cement Corporation of India Ltd, New Delhi
SHRIM. P. SINGH Federation of Mini Cement Plants, New Delhi
SUP~DC ENGINEER (D) Public Works Department, Govt of Tamil Nadu, Tamil Nadu
SR DY CHIEFENGINEER (GENERAL)(Alternate )
SHRIS. B. SURI Central Soil & Materials Research Station, New Delhi
SHRIN. CHANDRASEKARAN ( Alternate )
SHRIL. SWARWP Orissa Cement Ltd. New Delhi
SHRIH. BHATFACHARYE ( Aliernate )
SHRID. P. CHAKRAWART? Bhilai Steel Plant, Bhilai
SHRIRAJANC. MATHAW( Alternate )

7
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