PHYSICS CHAPTER # 09

Physical Optics

1. Interference and diffraction support the: C

a) Quantum nature of light b) Complex nature of light
c) Wave nature of light d) Transverse nature of light
2. Velocity of light in vacuum is: B
a) Zero b) 3 105 Km sec-1
c) 3 10 Km sec
8 -1
d) Infinite
3. In a plane polarized light: D
a) Vibrations take place in all directions
b) Vibrations take place in two perpendicular directions
c) No vibrations at all
d) Vibrations take place in one plane perpendicular to the directions of propagation of light
4. In Newton’s rings seen through the reflected light: B
a) The central spot is bright b) The central spot is dark
c) Both of the above d) None of these
5. In Young’s double slit experiment D is the distance between slits and the screen d is the slit A
separation and  is the wave length of light used, then the fringe spacing is given by:
D d
a) d b) D
d Dd
c) D d) 
6. In Young’s double slit experiment if the distance between the slits and also the distance between the D
slits and the screen is doubled, the fringe width is:
a) Doubled b) Four times
c) Half d) The same
7. In Young’s double slit experiment using white light: B
a) Coloured fringes will be obtained b) Alternate dark and bright light will be seen
c) No interference fringes will be seen d) None of these
8. The appearance of colours in thin soap or oil film results from: D
a) Dispersion b) Refraction
c) Reflection d) Interference
9. The danger signals are red while eye is more sensitive to yellow because: A
a) Scattering in red is less than in yellow b) Scattering in yellow is less than that of red
c) Red light is longer in wavelength than yellow d) None of these
10. Light reaches the earth from sun in nearly: C
a) 16 minutes b) 10 minutes
c) 8 minutes – 30 sec d) 8 sec
11. Newton propounded his corpuscular theory on the basis of: B
a) Newton’s rings b) Rectilinear property of light
c) Dispersion of white light d) Polarisation
12. A point source of light situated in a homogenous medium gives rise to: A
a) A spherical wave front b) A plane wave front
c) A cylindrical wave front d) An elliptical wave front
13. Electromagnetic wave transport: C
a) Energy only b) Momentum only
c) Both momentum and energy d) Momentum end disturbance
14. The electromagnetic wave theory was proposed by: D
a) Hertz b) Young
c) Huygen d) Maxwell
15. Which of the following proves that light waves are transverse in nature? A
a) Polarisation b) Diffraction
c) Interference d) Refraction
17. The wave nature of light was proposed by: D
a) Newton b) Fresnel
c) Maxwell d) Huygen

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 PHYSICS CHAPTER # 09
Physical Optics
18. The interference fringe spacing depends on: D
a) The wavelength of light used
b) The distance of screen from the coherent sources
c) Separation between the sources
d) All of the above
19. In 1873, Maxwell showed that light was a form of: A
a) High frequency electromagnetic wave b) Low frequency electromagnetic wave
c) moderate wavelength electromagnetic wave d) Long wavelength electromagnetic
wave
20. Which one of the following properties of light does not change with the nature of the medium? D
a) Velocity b) Wavelength
c) Amplitude d) Frequency
21. What vibrates when electromagnetic waves travel through vacuum? C
a) Magnetic field b) Electric field
c) Electric and magnetic field d) Gravitational field
22. The condition for constructive interference in case of diffraction grating is: C
a) sin  = dm  b) 2d sin  = m 

c) d sin = m  d) d sin  = 2m 
23. According to modern idea about the nature of light, light shows: C
a) Particle nature only b) Wave nature only
c) Dual nature d) Electromagnetic wave nature
24. The speed of light in vacuum depends upon: D
a) Time period b) Frequency
c) Wavelength d) None of these
25. When light enters glass (or any other medium) it suffers a change in: D
a) Wavelength only b) Frequency only
c) Velocity only d) Both velocity and wavelength
26. Photo-electric effect can be explained if light is considered to have: B
a) Wave nature b) Particle nature
c) Dual nature d) None of these
27. According to Einstein, light travels from one place to another in the form of: C
a) Waves b) Particles
c) Photons d) Radiations
28. In photo-electric effect, the energy of ejected electrons depend on: B
a) The intensity of light b) The frequency of light
c) Both intensity and frequency d) amplitude of the above
29. Longitudinal waves do not exhibit (show): D
a) Reflection b) Refraction
c) Diffraction d) Polarisation
30. The locus of all points in a medium having the same phase of vibration is called: B
a) Crest b) Trough
c) Wavelength d) Wave front
31. At a very large distance from a point source we get: C
a) An elliptical wave front b) A cylindrical wave front
c) A plane wave front d) A rectangular wave front
32. Huygen’s principle states that: C
a) Light travels in straight line b) Light travels in electromagnetic waves
c) All points on primary wave front are source of secondary wavelets
d) Light has dual nature
33. In order to get the interference of light waves: D
a) The sources should be monochromatic b) The sources should be phase coherent
c) The linear supper-position should be applicable d) All of these
34. In Young’s double slit experiment, the condition for constructive interference (or bright fringes) is: B
a) d sin  = (m + ½ )  b) d sin  = m 
c) d sin  = (m - ½ )  d) 2d sin  = m 
36. The velocity of light was determined accurately by: B
a) Newton b) Michelson
c) Huygen d) Young

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 PHYSICS CHAPTER # 09
Physical Optics
37. The condition for constructive interference of two coherent beams is that the path difference should B
be:
a) Integral multiple of  /2 b) Integral multiple of 
c) Odd integral multiple of /2  d) Even integral multiple of 
38. The condition for destructive interference of two coherent waves is that the path difference should be: C
a) Integral multiple of  /2 b) Integral multiple of 
c) Odd integral multiple of /2  d) Even integral multiple of  /2
39. Soap film in sunlight appears coloured due to: D
a) Dispersion of light b) Diffraction of light
c) Scattering of light d) Interference of light
40. IN an interference pattern: C
a) Bright fringes are wider than dark fringes b) Dark fringes are wider than bright fringes
c) Both dark and bright fringes are of equal width d) Central fringes are brighter than the outer
41. A thin layer of oil on the surface of water looks coloured due to: C
a) Polarisation of light b) Different elements present in the oil
c) Interference of light d) The transmission of light
42. The bending of a beam of light when it passes from one medium to another is known as: A
a) Refraction b) Reflection
c) Diffraction d) Dispersion
43. The appearance of colous in thin films is due to: C
a) Diffraction b) Reflection
c) Interference d) Polarisation
44. Newton’s rings are formed due to: B
a) Diffraction of light b) Interference of light
c) Polarisation of light d) Reflection of light
45. The wavelength of X-rays is of the order of: C
a) 10 A0 b) 1000 A0
c) 1 A0 d) 100 A0
46. Polarisation of light shows that light is: D
a) Corpuscular in nature b) Of extremely short waves
c) Longitudinal waves d) Transverse waves
47. The energy of a photon ‘E’ is proportional to: D
 
a) The magnetic field H b) The electric field E
 
c) Both the electric and magnetic fields H and E d) Frequency f
48. The path differnce ‘d’ for constructive interference should be: D
a) d =  /2 b) d = 3  /2

c) d = 5 /2 d) d = m 
49. The energy of a photon is represented by: C
hf
a) c2 b) hc2
h h
c) T d) c2
50. Huygen’s principle is used to: C
a) Find index of refraction b) Explain polarisation
c) Locate the wave front d) Determine the speed of light
51. The index of refraction of a medium depends on: C
a) Frequency of light b) Wavelength of light
c) Nature of the medium d) Temperature
52. The complementary colour of yellow is: A
a) Blue b) Green
c) Red d) Orange
53. Electromagnetic waves are produced by: D
a) Accelerated bodies b) Heating a conductor
c) Charges at rest or in uniform motion d) Accelerated charges

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 PHYSICS CHAPTER # 09
Physical Optics
54. Energy of a photon of violet colour is: A
a) Greater than that of red colour b) Less than that of red colour
c) The same as that of red colour d) None of these
56. The concept of corpuscular nature of light was given by: B
a) Maxwell b) Newton
c) Huygen d) Thomas Young
57. The wave nature of light was verified by: A
a) Thomas Young b) Huygen
c) Newton d) Maxwell
59. Which of the following properties proves that light behaves as particles? B
I. Polarization II. Photo electric effect III. Compton effect IV. Diffraction
a) I and II are correct b) II and III are correct
c) III and IV are correct d) I and IV are correct
60. Which of the following properties of light does not depend upon the nature of the medium? D
a) Velocity b) Wavelength
c) Amplitude d) Frequency
61. To observe interference of light (between) the two waves must: D
I. Be monochromatic II. Be phase coherent III. Obey the principle of linear superposition
a) I and II are correct only b) II and III correct only
c) I and III are correct only d) I, II and III are correct
62. Which of the following is nearly monochromatic? C
a) Light from candle b) Light from simple lamp
c) Light from sodium lamp d) Light from sun
63. In Young’s double slit experiment, the distance between two consecutive bright or dark fringes is: B
a) d  / L b) L  / d
c) d / L  d) L /  d
64. In Young’s double slit experiment, if d is the separation between slits, L is the distance of screen from C
the slits, then the position of m-th bright fringe ym will be:
a) (m+1/2) L  / d, where m=0,1,2,3,… b) (m-1/2) L  / d, where m=0,1,2,3,…

c) m(L / d), where m=0,1,2,3,… d) (m+1/2) d / L  , where m=0,1,2,3,…
65. In Young’s double slit experiment, if we use white light then: D
a) Coloured fringes will be observed b) Bright fringes will be observed
c) Alternate dark and bright fringe will be observed d) No interference fringes will be seen
66. In Young’s double slit experiment, if the distance between slits and screen is halved the separation D
between the slits doubled, then the fringe spacing will be:
a) Doubled b) Halved
c) Four times d) One fourth
67. In Young’s double slit experiment, the condition for destructive interference is: B
a) d sin  = m  if m=0,1,2,3,… b) d sin  = (m+1/2)  if m=0,1,2,3,…
c) d sin  = (m-1/2)  if m=0,1,2,3,… d) d sin  = m/ 
68. Young’s double slit experiment can be used to determine: D
a) Wavelength of monochromatic light b) Distance between the slits
c) Fringe spacing d) All of these
69. Polaroids can be used: D
a) To control head light glare in night driving
b) To determine the concentration of optically active substance
c) In curtain less window to adjust the amount of light
d) All of them
70. Which one of the following is correct relation for Bragg’s law: B
a) d sin  = m  b) d sin  = m  /2

c) d sin = 2m  d) d sin  = m+  /2
71. In monochromatic red light a blue book will appear: C
a) Blue b) Red
c) Black d) Purple
72. Which one of the following properties is not found in both sound and light: C
a) Interference b) Diffraction
c) Polarization d) Reflection

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 PHYSICS CHAPTER # 09
Physical Optics
73. Which one of the following cannot measure wavelength of X-rays in anyway: B
a) Bragg’s law b) Diffraction grating
c) Compton effect d) Photo electric effect
74. Which one of the following is used to measure the wavelength of X-rays? C
a) Young’s double slit experiment b) Diffraction grating
c) Bragg’s law d) Photoelectric effect
75. In order to observe two successive bright or dark fringes in Michelson’s interferometer, the movable B
mirror is displaced through a distance of:
a)  b)  / 2
c)  /4 d) 2 
76. In Michelson’s interferometer if the movable mirror is displaced through a distance of 0.05mm, 200 A
fringes are observed. The wavelength of light used in that case is:
a) 5000 Ao b) 500 Ao
o
c) 50 A d) 5 Ao
77. In Michelson’s interferometer, if movable mirror is displaced through a distance equal to wavelength B
of monochromatic light then the number of bright fringes observed will be:
a) 1 b) 2
c) 3 d) 4
78. Michelson’s interferometer is usually used to determine: A
a) Wavelength of light b) Velocity of light
c) Amplitude of light d) Dispersion of light
79. For all practical purposes we consider that light travels in _______: B
a) Curved lines b) straight lines
c) Sometimes curved and sometimes in straight line d) None of these
80. When light traveling in one medium strikes the boundary of another medium a part of it is sent back A
in the same medium, this is known as _______:
a) Reflection b) Rarefraction
c) Polarization d) Interference
82. The gradual change of light, by which we receive light at dawn or after sunset, is due to _______: C
a) Specular refraction b) Regular refraction
c) Irregular refraction d) None of these
83. The image of a real object formed in a plane mirror is found to be _______: B
a) Real b) Virtual
c) Curved d) None of these
84. An image that can be shown on the screen is called _______: A
a) Real b) Virtual
c) Inverted d) Erect
85. If “Path difference” between two sounds is an integral multiple of wavelength, then _______ occurs: A
a) Constructive interference b) Destructive interference
c) Different frequency range d) None of these
86. The velocity of a satellite or a star is determined by the change in frequency of signal (radio wave or B
light) they emit this phenomena is called _______:
a) Shift theorem b) Dppler’s shift
c) Polarization d) None of these
87. The wave having a discrete set of frequencies only can be set up to a medium. It is called _______: A
a) Quantization of frequency b) Resonance
c) Photo-electric effect d) None of these
88. A spring 4m long resonates in Four segments (nodes at both ends). The frequency of the system is 20 A
Hz, then speed of the wave in the spring is _______:
a) 40 m/sec b) 40 cm/sec
c) 80 m/sec d) 100 m/sec
90. Newton’s rings illustrated the phenomenon of _______: A
a) Interference b) Diffraction
c) Polarization d) Rarefraction
91. When light is incident on a diffraction grating, the light that will be deviated from central image will D
be _______:
a) Yellow b) Violet
c) Indigo d) Red

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 PHYSICS CHAPTER # 09
Physical Optics
92. Rising and setting sun appears to be reddish because _______: B
a) Diffraction sends red rays to the earth at these times
b) Scattering due to dust particles and air molecules is responsible for this effect
c) Refraction is responsible for this effect
d) Polarization is responsible for this effect
93. Plane polarized light can be produced by _______: D
a) Simple reflection b) Double refraction
c) Scattering of light d) All of these
94. Which phenomenon do not cause the polarization of light _______: A
a) Reflection b) Interference
c) Double refraction d) Scattering of light
95. Polarization of light conclusively proves that _______: B
a) Light waves are longitudinal b) Light waves are transverse
c) Light waves are not transverse d) Light waves are longitudinal as well as
transverse
96. The properties of light are explained by _______: C
a) Wave theory b) Particle theory
c) Both wave and particle theories d) None of these
98. Huygen’s concept of secondary waves _______: C
a) Allows us to find the focal length of thick lens
b) Gives us the magnifying power of microscope
c) Is a geometrical method to find the position of a wave front
d) Is used to determine the velocity of light
99. Light traveling from vacuum enters water, which of the following characteristics of light will remain C
unchanged?
a) Velocity b) Amplitude
c) Frequency d) Wavelength
101. The waves that require a certain medium for their propagation are called _______: B
a) Mechanical waves b) Electromagnetic
c) Matter waves d) None of these
102. The bending of light around the edges of an object is called _______: C
a) Interference b) Polarization
c) Diffraction d) Reflection
103. The experimental evidence for occurrence of the diffraction of light was discovered by _______: B
a) Chistian Huygens b) Francesco Gimaldi
c) Thomas Young d) Augustian Fresnel
104. Refraction and reflection phenomena can be explained if light is considered to travel as _______: C
a) Wave b) Particle
c) Both wave and particle d) None of these
105. Photoelectric effect can be explained if light is considered to travel as _______: C
a) Wave b) Particle
c) Both wave and particle d) None of these
106. Electromagnetic waves transport _______: A
a) Energy and momentum b) Energy
c) Momentum d) None of these
107. Huygen’s principle is used to show that _______: C
a) Light travels in straight line b) Light has dual nature
c) all points on primary wave front are source of secondary wavelet
d) None of these
108. To obtain interference of light the condition which must met is that source must be _______: C
a) Phase coherence b) Monochromatic
c) Both phase coherence and monochromatic d) None of these
110. In photoelectric effect, K.E. of an ejected electron depends upon _______ of light: B
a) Intensity b) Frequency
c) Wavelength d) None of these
111. According to quantum theory, the energy of a photon is directly proportional to _______ of light: A
a) Frequency b) Intensity
c) Amplitude d) None of these

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 PHYSICS CHAPTER # 09
Physical Optics
112. In Michelson interferometer, wavelength of light is given by expression _______: C
a) P = m  b) P = 2 m 
1
c) P = 2 m  d) None of these
113. The new position of a wave front time t is determined by using _______: A
a) Huygen’s principle b) Michelson interferometer
c) Young’s double slit experiment d) Bragg’s formula
114. X-rays were discovered by _______: A
a) W. Roentgen b) DeBroglie
c) Young d) Michelson
115. The splitting up of a beam of white light into its different colours is known as _______: D
a) Refraction b) Reflection
c) Interference d) Dispersion

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