PROBLEM 1

Host IP Address
Subnet Mask
Number of Subnet Bits
Number of Subnets
Number of Usable Host Bits per
Subnet
Number of Usable Hosts per
Subnet
Subnet Address for this IP
Address
IP Address of First Host on this
Subnet
IP Address of Last Host on this
Subnet
Broadcast Address for this
Subnet

172.30.1.33
255.255.255.0
8
256
8
254
172.30.1.0

Number Of Subnet Bit

The Number Of Subnet Is Determined by How Many Bit Are In The
Subnet Counting Range (In This Example , 8 Bits).
Apply the formula 2(n) , where n is the number of bits in the subnet
counting range.
2^8 = 1024
Number of host bits
Number of subnet
(all 0 used,all 1s
not used)

10 bits
2^8 = 256
subnets

Number Of Useable Host Per subnet

The number of host per subnet is determined by the number or ho st bits
2^8 -2 = 256 2 = 254 host Per Subnet
Number of host bits per subnet
Number of usable hosts per subnet

8bits
(2^8) 2 = 254 -2 = 252 Host per
subnet

Translate Host IP address and network mask into binary notation

172/2=86 - 0
86/2=43
-0
43/2=21.5 1
21/2=10.5 1
10/2=5
-0
5/2=2.5
- 1
2/2=1
-0
=0.5
- 1
=10101100
IP
Address

30/2=15 - 0
15/2=7.5 - 1
7/2=3.5
-1
3/2=1.5
-1
=0.5
-1
0/2=0
-0
0/2=0
-0
0/2=0
-0
=00011110

Decimal
Binary

-1
0/2 - 0
0/2 - 0
0/2 - 0
0/2 - 0
0/2 - 0
0/2 - 0
0/2 - 0
=00000001

33/2=16.5 - 1
16/2=8
- 0
8/2=4
- 0
4/2=2
- 0
2/2=1
- 0
=0.5
- 1
0/2=0
- 0
0/2=0
- 0
=00100001

172
10101100

30
00011100

1
00000001

33
00100001

255
11111111

255
11111111

255
11111111

0
0000000

Network Mask
Binary

Decimal
Binary

SUBNET ADDRESS
Determine The Network (or Subnet) where this Host Address
belong.
Looking for Network Address , by adding binary numbers of IP
Address and Network Mask using the AND operator . Note ; 1 AND
1 = 1 , while if there are 0 on the right AND the resul
Example : Formula AND GATE
1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
_______________
1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0

IP Address
Subnet
Mask
Subnet
addresss

172.30.133
255.255.25
5.0

10101100

00011100

00000001

00100001

11111111

11111111

11111111

00000000

172.30.1.0

10101100

00011100

00000001

00000000

PROBLEM 2
Host IP Address
Subnet Mask
Number of Subnet Bits
Number of Subnets
Number of Usable Host Bits per
Subnet
Number of Usable Hosts per
Subnet
Subnet Address for this IP
Address
IP Address of First Host on this
Subnet
IP Address of Last Host on this
Subnet
Broadcast Address for this
Subnet

172.30.1.33
255.255.255.252
14
16,384
2
2
172.30.1.0

NUMBER OF SUBNET
The Number Of Subnet Is Determined by How Many Bit Are In The Subnet
Counting Range (In This Example , 8 Bits).
Use the formula 2(n) , where n is the number of bits in the subnet counting
range.
2^8 = 1024
Number of host bits
Number of subnet
(all 0 used,all 1s
not used)

14 bits
2^14 = 16384
subnets

Number Of Host Bits Per Subnet & The number usable host per
subnet
The number of host per subnet is determined by the number og hist bits

2^8 -2 = 256 2 = 254 host Per Subnet

Number of host bits per subnet
Number of usable hosts per subnet

2bits
(2^2) 2 = 4 -2 = 2 Host per
subnet

Translate Host IP address and network mask into binary notation

Convert the host Ip address and network mask to binary :
172/2=86 - 0
86/2=43
-0
43/2=21.5 1
21/2=10.5 1
10/2=5
-0
5/2=2.5
- 1
2/2=1
-0
1/2=0.5
- 1
=10101100
IP
Address

30/2=15 15/2=7.5 7/2=3.5

3/2=1.5
1/2=0.5
0/2=0
0/2=0
0/2=0
=00011110

Decimal
Binary

0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0

1/2 - 1
0/2 - 0
0/2 - 0
0/2 - 0
0/2 - 0
0/2 - 0
0/2 - 0
0/2 - 0
=00000001

33/2=16.5 16/2=8
8/2=4
4/2=2
2/2=1
1/2=0.5
0/2=0
0/2=0
=00100001

1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0

172
10101100

30
00011100

1
00000001

33
00100001

255
11111111

255
11111111

255
11111111

252
11111100

Network Mask

Decimal
Binary
SUBNET ADDRESS
Binary

Step 2 : Determine The Network (or Subnet) where this Host

Address belong.
Looking for Network Address , by adding binary numbers of IP
Address and Network Mask
using the AND operator . Note ; 1 AND
1 = 1 , while if there are 0 on the right AND the resul

Example : Formula AND GATE

1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
_______________
1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0

IP Address
Subnet
Mask
Subnet
addresss

172.30.133
255.255.25
5.0

10101100

00011100

00000001

00100001

11111111

11111111

11111111

00000000

172.30.1.0

10101100

00011100

00000001

00100000

PROBLEM 3
Host IP Address
Subnet Mask
Number of Subnet Bits
Number of Subnets
Number of Usable Host Bits per
Subnet
Number of Usable Hosts per Subnet
Subnet Address for this IP Address
IP Address of First Host on this
Subnet
IP Address of Last Host on this
Subnet
Broadcast Address for this Subnet

192.192.10.234
255.255.255.0
8
256
8
254
192.192.10.0.

NUMBER OF SUBNET
The Number Of Subnet
The Number Of Subnet Is Determined by How Many Bit Are In The
Subnet Counting Range (In This Example , 8 Bits).
Use the formula 2(n) , where n is the number of bits in the subnet
counting range.
2^8 = 1024
Number of host bits
Number of subnet
(all 0 used,all 1s not
used)

8bits
2^8 = 256 subnets

Number Of Host Bits Per Subnet

the number usable host per subnet
The number of host [er subnet is determined by the number of host bits
2^8 -2 = 256 2 = 254 host Per Subnet
Number of host bits per subnet
Number of usable hosts per subnet

8bits
(2^8) 2 = 256 -2 = 254 Host per
subnet

Translate Host IP address and network mask into binary notation

Convert the host Ip address and network masj to binary :
192/2=96 96/2=48
48/2=24
24/2=12
12/2=6
6/2=3
3/2=1.5
1/2=0.5
=11000000

IP Address

0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1

192/2=96 96/2=48 48/2=24 24/2=12 12/2=6

6/2=3
3/2=1.5
1/2=0.5
=11000000
Decimal
Binary

0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1

192
11000000

10/2=5 0
5/2=2.5 - 1
2/2=1
-0
1/2=0.5 - 1
0/2=0
-0
0/2=0
-0
0/2=0
-0
0/2=0
-0
=00001010

234/2=117
117/2=58.5
58/2=29
29/2=14.5
14/2=7
7/2=3.5
3/2=1.5
1/2=0.75
=11100010

0
1
0
1
0
1
1
1

192
11000000

10
00001010

234
11101010

255
11111111

255
11111111

0
00000000

Calculation of Network Mask

Binary

Decimal
Binary

255
11111111

Determine The Network (or Subnet) where this Host Address belong.
Looking for Network Address , by adding binary numbers of IP Address and
Network Mask
using the AND operator . Note ; 1 AND 1 = 1 ,
while if there are 0 on the right AND the resul

Example : Formula AND GATE

1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
_______________
1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0

IP Address
Subnet
Mask
Subnet
addresss

172.30.133
255.255.25
5.0

10101100

00011100

00000001

00100001

11111111

11111111

11111111

00000000

172.30.1.0

11000000

11000000

00001010

00000000

PROBLEM 4
Host IP Address
Subnet Mask
Number of Subnet Bits
Number of Subnets
Number of Usable Host Bits per
Subnet
Number of Usable Hosts per Subnet
Subnet Address for this IP Address
IP Address of First Host on this
Subnet
IP Address of Last Host on this
Subnet
Broadcast Address for this Subnet

172.17.99.71
255.255.0.0
0
1
16
65,534
172.17.0.0

NUMBER OF SUBNET
Determine The Number Of Subnet
The Number Of Subnet Is Determined by How Many Bit Are In The
Subnet Counting Range (In This Example , 8 Bits).
Use the formula 2(n) , where n is the number of bits in the subnet
counting range.
2^ 0= 1
Number of host bits

0bits

Number of subnet
(all 0 used,all 1s not
used)

2^0 = 1 subnets

Number Of Host Bits Per Subnet

Determine the number usable host per subnet
The number of host [er subnet is determined by the number og hist bits
2^8 -2 = 256 2 = 254 host Per Subnet
Number of host bits per subnet
Number of usable hosts per subnet

16bits
(2^16) 2 = 15536 -2 =65534 Host
per subnet

BINARY NUMBER
Translate Host IP address and network mask into binary notation
Convert the host Ip address and network mask to binary :
172/2=86 - 0
86/2=43
-0
43/2=21.5 1
21/2=10.5 1
10/2=5
-0
5/2=2.5
- 1
2/2=1
-0
1/2=0.5
- 1
=10101100

17/2=8.5 8/2=4
4/2=2
2/2=1
1/2=0.5
0/2=0
0/2=0
0/2=0
=00010001

1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0

99/2=49.5 49/2=24.5 24/2=12

12/2=6
6/2=3
3/2=1.5
1/2=0.5
0/2=0
=01100011

1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0

71/2=35.5 1
35/2=17.5 1
17/2=8.5 - 1
8/2=4
-0
4/2=2
-0
2/2=1
-0
1/2=0.5
-1
0/2=0
-0
=01000111

Decimal
172
Binary
10101100
Calculation of Network Mask

17
00010001

99
01100011

71
01000111

Binary

255
11111111

0
00000000

0
00000000

IP Address

Decimal
Binary

255
11111111

SUBNET ADDRESS
Step 2 : Determine The Network (or Subnet) where this Host Address
belong.
Looking for Network Address , by adding binary numbers of IP Address and
Network Mask
using the AND operator . Note ; 1 AND 1 =
1 , while if there are 0 on the right AND the resul
Example : Formula AND GATE
1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
_______________
1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0

IP Address
Subnet
Mask
Subnet
addresss

172.17.99.
71
255.255.0.
0

10101100

00010001

01100011

01000111

11111111

11111111

00000000

00000000

172.17.0.0

10101100

00010001

00000001

00100000

PROBLEM 5
Host IP Address
Subnet Mask
Number of Subnet Bits
Number of Subnets
Number of Usable Host Bits per
Subnet
Number of Usable Hosts per Subnet
Subnet Address for this IP Address
IP Address of First Host on this
Subnet
IP Address of Last Host on this
Subnet
Broadcast Address for this Subnet

192.168.3.219
255.255.255.0
8
256
8
254
192.168.3.0

The Number Of Subnet

The Number Of Subnet Is Determined by How Many Bit Are In The
Subnet Counting Range (In This Example , 8 Bits).

Use the formula 2(n) , where n is the number of bits in the subnet
counting range.
2^ 8= 256
Number of host bits
Number of subnet
(all 0 used,all 1s not
used)

8bits
2^8 = 256 subnets

Number Of Host Bits Per Subnet

Determine the number usable host per subnet
The number of host per subnet is determined by the number of host bits

2^8 -2 = 256 2 = 254 host Per Subnet

Number of host bits per subnet
Number of usable hosts per subnet

8bits
(2^8) 2 = 256 -2 =254 Host per
subnet

Translate Host IP address and network mask into binary notation

Convert the host Ip address and network masj to binary :

192/2=96 -0
96/2=48 - 0
48/2=24 - 0
24/2=12 - 0
12/2=6
-0
6/2=3
-0
3/2=1.5
-1
1/2=0.5
-1
=11000000

168/2=84 - 0
84/2=42 - 0
42/2=21 - 0
21/2=10.5 1
10/2=2
-0
2/2=1
-0
1/2=0.5
-1
0/2=0
-0
=10101000

3/2 =1.5 - 1
1/2 = 0.5 - 1
0/2 = 0
-0
0/2 =0
-0
0/2 =0
-0
0/2 = 0
-0
0/2 = 0
-0
0/2 =0
-0
=00000011

219/2=109.5
109/2=54.5
54/2=27
27/2=13.5
13/2=6.5
6/2=3
3/2=1.5
1/2=0.5
=11011011

1
1
0
1
1
0
1
1

IP Address

Decimal
Binary

192
11100000

168
10101000

3
00000011

219
11011011

Calculation of Network Mask

Binary

Decimal
Binary

255
11111111

255
11111111

255
11111111

0
00000000

SUBNET ADDRESS
Determine The Network (or Subnet) where this Host Address belong.
Looking for Network Address , by adding binary numbers of IP Address and
Network Mask
using the AND operator . Note ; 1 AND 1 =
1 , while if there are 0 on the right AND the resul
Example : Formula AND GATE
1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
_______________
1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0

IP Address
Subnet
Mask
Subnet
addresss

192.168.3.
216
255.255.25
5.0
192.168.3.
0

1100000

10101000

00000011

11011011

11111111

11111111

11111111

00000000

11000000

10101000

00000011

00000000

PROBLEM 6
Host IP Address
Subnet Mask
Number of Subnet Bits
Number of Subnets
Number of Usable Host Bits per
Subnet
Number of Usable Hosts per Subnet
Subnet Address for this IP Address
IP Address of First Host on this
Subnet
IP Address of Last Host on this
Subnet

192.168.3.219
255.255.255.252
14
16384
2
2
192.168.3.216

Broadcast Address for this Subnet

The Number Of Subnet
The Number Of Subnet Is Determined by How Many Bit Are In The
Subnet Counting Range (In This Example , 8 Bits).
Use the formula 2(n) , where n is the number of bits in the subnet
counting range.
2^ 14= 16384
Number of host bits
Number of subnet
(all 0 used,all 1s not
used)

14bits
2^14 =16384
subnets

Number Of Host Bits Per Subnet:

The number of host per subnet is determined by the number of host bits
Number of host bits per subnet
Number of usable hosts per subnet

2bits
(2^2) 2 = 4 -2 =2 Host per subnet

Translate Host IP address and network mask into binary notation

Convert the host Ip address and network mask to binary :
192/2=96
96/2=48
48/2=24
24/2=12
12/2=6
6/2=3

-0
-0
-0
-0
-0
-0

168/2=84
84/2=42
42/2=21
21/2=10.5
10/2=2
2/2=1

-0
-0
-0
1
-0
-0

3/2
1/2
0/2
0/2
0/2
0/2

=1.5
= 0.5
=0
=0
=0
=0

1
1
0
0
0
0

219/2=109.5
109/2=54.5
54/2=27
27/2=13.5
13/2=6.5
6/2=3

1
1
0
1
1
0

3/2=1.5
-1
1/2=0.5
-1
=11000000

IP Address

1/2=0.5
-1
0/2=0
-0
=10101000
Decimal
Binary

192
11100000

0/2 = 0
-0
0/2 =0
-0
=00000011
168
10101000

3/2=1.5
1/2=0.5
=11011011
3
00000011

-1
-1

219
11011011

Network Mask

Binary

Decimal
Binary
SUBNET ADDRESS

255
11111111

255
11111111

255
11111111

252
11111100

Determine The Network (or Subnet) where this Host Address belong.
Looking for Network Address , by adding binary numbers of IP Address and
Network Mask
using the AND operator . Note ; 1 AND 1 =
1 , while if there are 0 on the right AND the resul
Example : Formula AND GATE
1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
_______________
1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0

IP Address
Subnet
Mask
Subnet
addresss

192.168.3.21
6
255.255.255.
252
192.168.3.21
6

1100000

10101000

00000011

11010111

11111111

11111111

11111111

11111100

11000000

10101000

00000011

11011000