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Discrete Math Homework 1

This document contains a discrete math homework assignment submitted by four students - Aditya Chaudhry, Vijay Edupuganti, Jonathan Colen, and Nathaniel Eubanks - on January 22, 2015. The homework contains problems determining set relationships and set membership for various sets of integers, rational numbers, and real numbers. It also includes proving or disproving claims about subset and equality relationships between sets.

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Jose Crawford
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81 views

Discrete Math Homework 1

This document contains a discrete math homework assignment submitted by four students - Aditya Chaudhry, Vijay Edupuganti, Jonathan Colen, and Nathaniel Eubanks - on January 22, 2015. The homework contains problems determining set relationships and set membership for various sets of integers, rational numbers, and real numbers. It also includes proving or disproving claims about subset and equality relationships between sets.

Uploaded by

Jose Crawford
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Discrete Math Homework 1

Aditya Chaudhry (ac3xf)


Vijay Edupuganti (vse7fd)

Jonathan Colen (jc8kf)


Nathaniel Eubanks (nke5ka)

January 22, 2015

Which of the following sets are equal? If


they are equal prove it and if they are not
equal give a counterexample.
A = {0, 1, 2}
B = {x R| 1 x 3}
C = {x R| 1 < x < 3}
D = {x Z| 1 < x < 3}
a A 6= B The number -1 is contained in B but not in A
b A 6= C The number 0.5 is contained in C but not in A
c A = D Every element in set A is contained in set D, since 0, 1, 2 Z
and 1 < 0, 1, 2 < 3. The elements contained in set D are {0, 1, 2}.
All three of these elements are also contained in set A, so since A D
and D A, A = D.
d B 6= C The number -1 is contained in set B, but not in set C.
e B 6= D The number -1 is contained in set B, but not in set D.
f C 6= D The number 0.4 is contained in set C, but not in set D.

Determine if the following are true or false.


If false propose a change that would make
the expression true.
a 3 {1, 2, 3} True
b 1 {1, 2} False. 1 {1, 2}
c 2 {1, {2}, {3}} False. {2} {1, {2}, {3}}

Indicate the elements in each set defined in


each part
a S = {n Z|n = (1)k , f or some integer k}. S = {1, 1}
b T = {m Z|m = 1 + (1)i , f or some integer i}. T = {0, 2}
c U = {r Z|2 r 2}. U =
d V = {s Z|s > 2ors < 3}. V = Z
e W = {t Z| 1 < t < 3}. W =
f X = {u Z|u 4oru 1}. X = Z

Indicate which of the following relationships are true and which are false
a Z+ Q True, since Q contains all elements in Z.
b R Q False. For example, R but
/Q
c Z Q True by the same reasoning from part a.
d N Z True, since N = Z+

Given the following sets, state if the following are true or false, justifying each answer
with a brief explanation
A = {x Q|0 x 1}
B = {y R|0 y 2 1}
C = {n Z|n = n2 }
a B A. False. Irrational numbers when squared are not necessarily
2
2
2
B, but since 100

/ Q, 100

/ A.
rational. For example, 100
b A B. True. Because Q R and because any number x|0 x 1
squared still falls between 0 and 1, all numbers in set A are located in
set B.
c B C. False. C = {0, 1}. The cardinality of B is greaterthan the
cardinality
of C, so B cannot
be a subset of C. In addition 0.9 B

/ C because 0.9 is not a perfect square integer.


but 0.9
d C A. True. Both 0 and 1 are elements contained in A, since 0, 1
Q and 0 0, 1 1.
e A C False. Again, the cardinality of A is greater than the cardinality
of C, so A cannot be a subset of C. In addition, 0.5 A but 0.5
/ C.
f C B True. 0, 1 R and 0 02 , 12 1.
g C A True. From part d, we know C A. There are elements in
A, for example 12 that are not contained in C, therefore C is a proper
subset of A.
h B A False. From part a, B * A, therefore B cannot be a proper
subset of A.

Given the following sets, prove or disprove


each of the following.
A = {n Z|n = 5r + 3 f or some integer r}
B = {k X|k = 8 + 10s f or some integer s}
a A B. False
We have that 13 A since 13 = 5(2) + 3, 2 Z. Suppose 13 B. Thus
13 = 8 + 10s for some s Z. This implies that s = 21 Z. Therefore
13
/ B and A * B as desired. QED.
b B A. True
Let b B so that b = 8 + 10s, s Z. Suppose b A. Thus b =
5r + 3, r Z. Then 8 + 10s = 5r + 3 and r = 2s + 1 . Since 1, 2, s Z,
and because Z is closed under addition, we have b A for all s Z.
Therefore B A QED.
c A = B. False
Since A * B, A cannot equal B by the definition of equal sets.

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