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Battery/Supercapacitors Combination in Uninterruptible Power Supply (Ups)

This document discusses combining supercapacitors and batteries in uninterruptible power supply (UPS) systems. It presents models of supercapacitors and batteries developed in MATLAB/Simulink. The proposed system combines supercapacitors and a lead-acid battery, with the supercapacitors used to smooth peak power demands on the battery during backups and deliver power for short grid outages. Extensive simulations are carried out to determine gains in reducing battery stress through reductions in RMS current and energy losses. An optimal combination of supercapacitors and battery is proposed based on variations in these performance parameters versus supercapacitor cost.

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VigneshInfotech
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54 views

Battery/Supercapacitors Combination in Uninterruptible Power Supply (Ups)

This document discusses combining supercapacitors and batteries in uninterruptible power supply (UPS) systems. It presents models of supercapacitors and batteries developed in MATLAB/Simulink. The proposed system combines supercapacitors and a lead-acid battery, with the supercapacitors used to smooth peak power demands on the battery during backups and deliver power for short grid outages. Extensive simulations are carried out to determine gains in reducing battery stress through reductions in RMS current and energy losses. An optimal combination of supercapacitors and battery is proposed based on variations in these performance parameters versus supercapacitor cost.

Uploaded by

VigneshInfotech
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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BATTERY/SUPERCAPACITORS COMBINATION IN

UNINTERRUPTIBLE POWER SUPPLY (UPS)


ABSTRACT
This study presents a study of the reduction in battery stresses by using super capacitors.
We aim at investigating the optimal super capacitors-battery combination versus the SCs cost.
This investigation is threefold; first, super capacitors and battery models developed using
MATLAB/ SIMULINK are presented and validated. Second, the architecture and the simulation
of the designed system that combines the SCs and the battery are shown. The super capacitors
are used as high-power storage devices to smooth the peak power applied to the battery during
backup time and to deliver full power during short grid outages. By charging the SCs through the
battery at a suitable rate, all impulse power demands would be satisfied by the super capacitors.
Third, extensive simulations are carried out to determine the gain in battery RMS current, the
gain in energy losses, the energy efficiency and the elimination rate of surge load power. These
four performance parameters are determined by simulation and then analyzed. The influence of
the SCs recharge on the performance indicators is highlighted. A thorough analysis involving
optimal study proposes to draw the optimal SCs number and filter constant from the variation of
the aforementioned parameters versus the cost of the SCs. The design of the circuit is
implemented in PCB design using PIC16F877A micro-controller.

BLOCK DIAGRAM

EXISTING SYSTEM
Moreover, extracting pulsed power instead of average power from the battery can decrease its
lifespan. The current Variations cause voltage transients that can be interpreted by the Low-

voltage detection circuit as a discharged battery creating a PREMATURE shutdown. The pulsed
currents have a higher RMS value, which might cause increasing battery losses. Third, Pulsating
currents also reduce greatly the battery runtime. A super capacitor is a double-layer
electrochemical capacitor that can store thousand times more energy than a typical capacitor. It
shares the characteristics of both batteries and conventional capacitors. They can process a large
number of charge and discharge cycles compared to only a few thousand cycles for lead-acid
batteries and can supply much higher currents than batteries.

DISADVANTAGES OF EXISTING SYSTEMS


Low-power density
Limited charge/discharge cycles
Lifespan is less

EXISTING SYSTEM ALGORITHM/TECHNIQUE


Batteries are mostly efficient when used to supply low, reasonably steady power levels.
Super capacitors are very effective in storing charge for later use. Their leakage rate and series
resistance are quite small. The power sharing between super capacitors, fuel cells (FCs), and
batteries is a promising solution for improving system performance due to the dynamic behavior
of the SCs and their long life. This combination was tested successfully in many applications like
pure battery-powered electric vehicle (EV), hybrid electric vehicle and FC-based UPS systems.

PROPOSED SYSTEM
In UPS applications, batteries usually provide 515 min of Backup power before a
generator starts and is ready to accept the full load. Super capacitors can supply only 520 s of
backup at full power. This means that SCS could be a good battery replacement only when long
runtime is not required because of their high price, their high size and mass. Nowadays, It is
better to combine traditional battery for higher energy UPS and SCS for higher power UPS. It is

worth mentioning that super capacitors Are experiencing high development and becoming More
and more competitive in price.

ADVANTAGES OF PROPOSED SYSTEM


Improve power quality
Backup power
Large number of charge and discharge cycles

PROPOSED SYSTEM ALGORITHM/TECHNIQUE


In this project, we present a power-sharing method between the super capacitors and the
lead-acid battery. Combining super capacitors with battery-based UPS system Gives the best of
high energy and high-power configurations. The super capacitors ensure the power impulses and
reduce high power Demands away from the battery during the 10-min backup Time. They also
deliver the whole load power during outages Lasting less than 10 s. The lifetime of the batteries
could then be extended. We focus then our study of the reduction in battery stresses by the use of
SCS. We aim at investigating the optimal SCS/battery Combination with respect to the cost price
of super capacitors. This investigation is threefold; first, super capacitors and battery Models are
developed.

HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS
Power MOSFET
Driver IC
Capacitor
Controller
Regulators
Diodes

APPLICATIONS
UPS
Hybrid energy source

:
:
:
:
:
:

IRF840
IR2112
470uF (25V); 1000uF; 4700uF
PIC16F877A
LM7805; LM7812
1N4000; 1N5408

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