JABATAN PENDIDIKAN NEGERI PAHANG

SCHEME OF WORK FOR FORM 4 PHYSICS

YEARLY TEACHING PLAN 2008

WEEK LEARNING AREA LEARNING OUTCOMES SUGGESTED LEARNING NOTES AND

ACTIVITIES VOCABULARY
1. Introduction to • Explain what physics is Observe everyday objects and
Physics • Recognize the physics in discuss how they are related to
1 everyday objects and physics concepts.
3 Jan – 4 Jan 1.1 Understanding natural phenomena.
Physics View a video or animation on
natural phenomena and discuss
how they are related to physics
concepts.

Discuss fields of study in Physics

such as mechanics, heat, light,
electricity etc.

1.2 Understanding • Explain what base quantities Discuss base quantities and Base quantities –
base quantities and and derived quantities are. derived quantities. kuantiti asas
2 derived quantities. • List base quantities and their Derived
7 Jan – 11 units From a text passage, identify quantities –
Jan • List some derived quantities physical quantities then classify kuantiti terbitan
and their units them into base quantities and Length – panjang
derived quantities. Mass – jisim
• Express quantities using
Temperature –
prefixes
List the value of prefixes and their suhu
• Express quantities using the
abbreviations from pico to Tera. Current – arus
scientific notation
• Express derived quantities Discuss the use of numbers in Luas – area
as well as their units in standard form notation ( a x 10n Volume – isipadu
terms of base quantities and where 1 < a < 10). Speed – laju
base units. Velocity – halaju

1
 WEEK LEARNING AREA LEARNING OUTCOMES SUGGESTED LEARNING NOTES AND
ACTIVITIES VOCABULARY
• Solve problems involving Determine the base quantities Standard form –
conversion of units. (and units) in a given derived bentuk piawai
quantity (and unit) from the Prefix - imbuhan
related formula.

Solve problems involving the

conversion of units. For example:
Giga to Mega (involving prefixes),
m3 to cm3,
km h-1 to ms-1.
1.3 Understanding • Define scalar and vector Discuss which quantities can be Magnitude –
2 scalar and vector quantities. defined by magnitude only and magnitude/saiz
7Jan-11Jan quantities • Give examples of scalar and which quantities need to be
vector quantities. defined by magnitude as well as
direction.
Compile a list of scalar and vector
quantities.
1.4 Understanding • Measure physical quantities Choose an appropriate instrument Vernier calipers –
2-3 measurements using appropriate for a given measurement task. Angkup Vernier
7 Jan – 18 instruments. Use the measurement of length Micrometer screw
Jan • Explain accuracy and using a ruler, vernier calipers and gauge –
consistency micrometer screw gauge as an micrometer
• Explain sensitivity example. screw gauge
• Explain types of
Discuss accuracy and consistency Accuracy -
experimental error
using the ‘target’ model. kejituan
• Using appropriate
Precision –
techniques to reduce errors. Discuss the sensitivity of various kepersisan
instruments. Sensitivity –
kepekaan

2
 WEEK LEARNING AREA LEARNING OUTCOMES SUGGESTED LEARNING NOTES AND
ACTIVITIES VOCABULARY
Discuss through examples what Error - ralat
systematic and random errors
are.

Use appropriate techniques to

reduce error in measurements
such as repeating measurements
and compensating for zero error.
1.5 analysing • Identify variables in a given Present a suitable situation,
3 scientific situation making inferences or suggest
14Jan – investigations • Identify a question suitable questions suitable for a scientific
18Jan for scientific investigation investigation. Discuss:
• Form a hypotheses a) Forming hypothesis
b) the aim of the experiment
• Design and carry out a
c) identify the variables
simple experiment to test
d) the method of investigation
the hypothesis
including selection of
• Record and present data in a
apparatus and procedures.
suitable
• Interpret data to draw a Carry out an actual experiment
conclusion and
• Write a report of the a) collect and tabulate data,
investigation b) present data in a suitable
form
c) interpret data and draw
conclusions
d) write a complete report.
2. FORCE AND Note
MOTION Average speed =
4 total
21Jan- 25 2.1 Analysing linear A student is able to : Carry out activities to gain an distance/time
Jan motion idea of : taken
a) distance and displacement

3
 WEEK LEARNING AREA LEARNING OUTCOMES SUGGESTED LEARNING NOTES AND
ACTIVITIES VOCABULARY
• Define distance and b) speed and velocity Vocabulary
displacement c) acceleration and Distance - jarak
• Define speed and velocity deceleration Displacement –
and state sesaran
That v = s Speed – laju
t Cary out activities using a data Velocity – halaju
• Define acceleration and longer/graphing calculator/ticker Acceleration –
deceleration timer to ; pecutan
and state that a) identify when a body is at Deceleration,
a=v–u rest, moving with uniform retardation -
t velocity or non – uniform nyahpecutan
velocity Ticker timer -
• Calculate speed and velocity
b) determine displacement, jangka masa
• Calculate
velocity and acceleration detik
acceleration/deceleration Tick – detik
Solve problems using the Dot – titik
following equations of motion : Initial velocity –
• Solve problems on linear i . v = u + at halaju awal (U)
motion with Final velocity –
uniform acceleration using ii . s = ut + 1 at2 halaju akhir (v)
i . v = u + at 2
Friction force –
2 2
iii . v = u + 2 as daya geseran
ii . s = ut + 1 at2 Sloping runway –
2
landasan
condong
iii . v2 = u2 + 2 as

2.2 Analysing A student is able to:

4-5 motion
21 Jan – 31 graphs • Plot and interpret Carry out activities using a data Notes
Jan displacement-time and logger/
velocity-time graphs graphing calculator/ticker timer to Reminder :
plot

4
WEEK LEARNING AREA LEARNING OUTCOMES SUGGESTED LEARNING NOTES AND
ACTIVITIES VOCABULARY
a) displacement – time graphs Velocity is
b) velocity - time graphs determined from
• Deduce from the shape the gradient of
of a displacement - time Describe and interpret : displacement
graph when a body is : a) displacement - time and time graph.
I. at rest b) velocity – time graphs
II. moving with Acceleration is
uniform velocity determined from
III. moving with non- the gradient of
uniform velocity velocity – time
graph
• determine distance,
displacement and velocity Determine distance, displacement Distance is
from a displacement-time , velocity determined from
graph and acceleration from the area under a
• deduce from the shape of a displacement-time and velocity – displacement –
velocity-time graph when a time graphs time graph
body is :
i. at rest
ii. moving with
uniform velocity
iii. moving with
uniform
acceleration

• determine distance,
replacement, velocity and
acceleration from a velocity-
time graph
• solve problems on linear
Solve problems on linear motion
motion with uniform with uniform acceleration
acceleration involving graphs

5
 WEEK LEARNING AREA LEARNING OUTCOMES SUGGESTED LEARNING NOTES AND
ACTIVITIES VOCABULARY

2.3 Understanding A student is able to :

5 inertia Note
28 Jan – 1 • explain what inertia is Carry out activities / view
Feb computer simulations/situations Newton’ s First
to gain an idea on inertia Law of Motion
• relate mass to inertia may be
Carry out activities to find out the introduced here
relation ship
Between inertia and mass Vocabulary
• give examples of situations
involving inertia Inertia – inersia
Research and report on
a) the positive effects of inertia
• suggest ways to reduce the
negative effects of inertia
b) ways to reduce the negative
effects of
inertia

2.4 Analysing A student is able to :

6 momentum
4 Feb-8 Feb • Define the momentum of an Carry out activities/view computer Vocabulary
object simulations to gain an idea of
momentum by comparing the Momentum –
effect of stopping two objects: momentum

a) of the same mass moving at Col lision –

different speeds perlanggaran
b) of different masses moving at Explosion –
the same letupan
speed
- need to be emphasized Conservation of

6
 WEEK LEARNING AREA LEARNING OUTCOMES SUGGESTED LEARNING NOTES AND
ACTIVITIES VOCABULARY
different direction linear momentum
• Define momentum (p) as the – keabadian
product of mass (m) and momentum linear
velocity (v) i.e. p = mv Discuss momentum as the
product of mass and velocity
• State the principle of
conservation of momentum View computer simulation on
collisions and explosions to gain
an idea on the conservation of
momentum

Conduct an experiment to show Reminder:

that the total momentum of a
closed system is a constant Momentum as
vector quantity
• Describe applications of Carry out activities that needs to be
demonstrate the conservation of emphasized in
conservation of momentum
momentum e. g. water rockets problem solving

Research and report on the

• Solve problems involving
applications of conservation of
momentum momentum such as an in rockets
or jet engines

Solve problems involving

momentum

2.5 Understanding A student is able to : Notes

the
7 effects of a • Describe the effects of With the aid of diagram, describe When the forces
11Feb – 15 force balanced forces acting on an the acting on an object : acting on an
Feb a) at rest object are

7
 WEEK LEARNING AREA LEARNING OUTCOMES SUGGESTED LEARNING NOTES AND
ACTIVITIES VOCABULARY
object b) moving at constant velocity balanced they
• Describe the effects of c) accelerating cancle each other
unbalanced forces acting on out ( nett force =
an object 0). The object
Conduct experiments to find the then behaves as
relationship if there no force
between : acting on it.
• Determine the relationship a) acceleration and mass of an
between force , mass and object under Newton’s Second
acceleration i.e. constant force Law of Motion
b) acceleration and force for a may be
F = ma constant mass introduced here

Vocabulary
Solve problems using F = ma
• Solve problems using F = Balance -
seimbang
ma
Unbalanced –
tidak seimbang

Nett force – daya

bersih
Resultant – daya
paduan
2.6 Analysing A student is able to :
7 impulse and
11Feb – 15 Impulsive force • Explain what an impulsive View computer simulation of Vocabulary
Feb force is collisions and explosions to gain
• Give examples of situation an idea on impulsive Impulse - impuls
involving impulsive forces force Impulsive force –
• Define impuls as a change of Discuss daya impuls
momentum, i.e. a) impulse as change of
momentum Time of impact –

8
WEEK LEARNING AREA LEARNING OUTCOMES SUGGESTED LEARNING NOTES AND
ACTIVITIES VOCABULARY
b) an impulsive force as the rate masa hentaman
Ft = mv - mu of change of
momentum in a collision or
• Define impulsive force as explosion
the rate of change of c) how increasing or decreasing
momentum in a collision or time of
explosion, i.e. impact affects the magnitude
of impulsive
F = mv – mu force
t

• Explain the effect of

increasing or decreasing
time of impact on the
magnitude of the impulsive
force
• Describe situation where an
impulsive force needs to be Research and report situations
reduce and suggest ways to where:
reduce it a) an impulsive force needs to be
reduced
• Describe situations where an
and how it can be done
impulsive force is beneficial
b) an impulsive force is beneficial
• Solve problems involving
impulsive forces Solve problems involving
impulsive forces
Give an example about an
impulsive force is
beneficial

7 2.7 Being aware of A student is able to : Research and report on the

9
 WEEK LEARNING AREA LEARNING OUTCOMES SUGGESTED LEARNING NOTES AND
ACTIVITIES VOCABULARY
11Feb – 15 the physics of vehicles
Feb need for safety • Describe the importance of Collisions and safety features in
features safety feature in vehicles vehicles in
in vehicles terms of physics concepts
Discuss the importance of safety
feature in
Vehicles

2.8 Understanding • Explain acceleration due to Carry out an activity or view

gravity gravity computer simulations to gain an Weight - berat
9-10 • State what a gravitational idea of acceleration due to Acceleration due
25 Feb – 29 field is gravity. Discuss to gravity –
Feb • Define a gravitational field a) acceleration due to gravity pecutan
strength b) a gravitational field as a disebabkan
region in which an object gravity
• Determine the value of
experiences a force due to Gravitational field
acceleration due to gravity
gravitational attraction and strength –
• Define weight and
c) gravitational field strength kekuatan medan
acceleration due to gravity as gravitational force per graviti
• Solve problems involving unit mass
acceleration due to gravity d) direction and notation of
gravitational force
Carry out an activity to determine
the value of acceleration due to
gravity

Discuss weight as the Earth’s

gravitational force on an object

Solve problems involving

acceleration due to gravity

10
 WEEK LEARNING AREA LEARNING OUTCOMES SUGGESTED LEARNING NOTES AND
ACTIVITIES VOCABULARY
2.9 Analysing • Describe situations where Describe situations with the aid of Equilibrium
9-10 forces in forces are in equilibrium diagrams where forces are in -keseimbangan
25 Feb – 29 equilibrium • State what a resultant force equilibrium
Feb is Resolution -
• Add two forces to determine Discuss the resolving and addition leraian
the resultant force of forces to determine the
resultant force Parallelogram
• Resolve a force into the the
Solve problems involving forces in -segiempat selari
effective component forces
equilibrium (limited to 3 forces)
• Solve problems involving
Resultant – daya
forces in equilibrium Discuss more examples of paduan atau
resolving and addition of forces to daya bersih
determine the resultant force

Discuss two methods of addition

of forces using triangle and
parallelogram of forces
2.10 • Define work and Observe and discuss situations Effiency -
12 Understanding displacement in the where work is done when: kecekapan
17 Mar-21 work, energy, direction of the applied force a) a force is applied but no
Mar power and • State that when work is displacement occurs Conservation –
efficiency done energy is transferred b) an object undergoes a keabadian
from one object to another displacement with no
• Define kinetic energy applied force acting on it
Give examples to illustrate how
• Define gravitational
energy is transferred from one
potential energy
object to another when work is
• State the principle of
done
conservation of energy Work – kerja
• Define power Discuss the relationship between
• Explain what efficiency of a work done: Gravitational
device is -To accelerate a body and the potential energy
• Solve problems involving change in kinetic energy – tenaga

11
 WEEK LEARNING AREA LEARNING OUTCOMES SUGGESTED LEARNING NOTES AND
ACTIVITIES VOCABULARY
work, energy, power and -Against gravity and gravitational keupayaan
efficiency. potential energy graviti
Power - kuasa
Carry out an activity to show the
principle of conservation of
energy

State that power is the rate at

which work is done

Carry out activities to measure

power

Discuss efficiency as useful

energy output over energy input
x 100%

Evaluate and report the

efficiencies of various devices
such as a diesel engine, a petrol
engine and an electric engine

Solve problems involving work,

energy, power and efficiency.

2.11 Appreciating • Recognise the importance of Discuss that when an energy Energy
13 the importance of maximizing the efficiency of transformation takes place, not all transformation –
17 Mar – 21 maximizing the devices in conserving of the energy is used to do useful Pertukaran/perub
Mar efficiency of resources work. Some is converted into heat ahan tenaga
devices or other types of energy.
Maximising efficiency during
energy transformations makes the
best use of the available energy.

12
 WEEK LEARNING AREA LEARNING OUTCOMES SUGGESTED LEARNING NOTES AND
ACTIVITIES VOCABULARY
This helps to conserve resources.

Discuss about the factors that

affecting the efficiency of an
energy transformation

2.12 Understanding • Define elasticity Carry out activities to gain an Research -

14 elasticity • Define Hooke’s Law idea on elasticity penyelidikan
24 Mar – 28 • Define elastic potential
Mar energy Plan and conduct an experiment Relationship –
to find the relationship between hubungan
• Determine the factors that
force and extension of a spring Elasticity –
affect elasticity
kekenyalan
• Describe applications of
Relate work done to elastic Elastic potential
elasticity potential energy energy – tenaga
• Solve problems involving keupayaan
elasticity Describe and interpret force kenyal
extension graphs

Investigate the factors that affect

elasticity

Research and report on

applications of elasticity

Solve problems involving

elasticity

Presentation about research and

report on applications of
elasticity from each group

3. FORCES AND Pressure -

13
 WEEK LEARNING AREA LEARNING OUTCOMES SUGGESTED LEARNING NOTES AND
ACTIVITIES VOCABULARY
PRESSURE • Define pressure Observe and describe the effect tekanan
16 • Describe applications of of force acting over a large area
7 Apr – 11 3.1 Understanding pressure compared to a small area.
Apr pressure • Solve problems involving
pressure Discuss pressure as force per unit
area

Research and report on

applications of pressure

Solve problems involving pressure

Demonstrate the effects of area

on the pressure created.

3.2 Understanding • Relate depth to pressure in a Observe situations to form ideas Depth –
pressure in liquids liquid. that pressure in liquids: kedalaman
16 A) acts in all directions Density –
7 Apr – 11 B) increases with depth ketumpatan
Apr Liquid – cecair
Observe situations to form the
• Relate density to pressure in idea that pressure in liquids
a liquid. increases with density

Relate depth (h) density (ρ) and

• Explain pressure in a liquid gravitational field strength (g) to
pressure in liquids to obtain P = h
and state that P = h ρ g
ρg

Research and report on

• Describe applications of
a) the applications of pressure
pressure in liquids. in liquids
b) ways to reduce the

14
 WEEK LEARNING AREA LEARNING OUTCOMES SUGGESTED LEARNING NOTES AND
ACTIVITIES VOCABULARY
negative effects of pressure
• Solve problems involving in liquids
pressure in liquids.
Solve problems involving pressure
in liquids
3.3 Understanding Carry out activities to gain an Students need to
17 gas pressure and A students to able to ideas of gas pressure and be introduced to
14 Apr – 18 atmospheric • explain gas pressure atmospherics pressure. instrument used
Apr pressure • Explain atmospherics to measure gas
pressure Discuss gas pressure in term of pressure
the behaviour of gas molecules (bourdon gauge)
based on the kinetics theory. and atmospheric
pressure (Fortin
Discuss atmospherics pressure in barometer,
term of weight of the atmosphere aneroid
• Describe applications of acting on the Earth’s surface. barometer).
atmospherics pressure Working principle
Discuss the effects of altitude on of the instrument
the magnitude of atmospherics is not required
pressure. Introduce other
Research and report on the units of
applications of atmospherics atmospheric
• Solve problems involving
pressure pressure
atmospherics pressure and
1 atmosphere =
gas pressure.
760 mm Hg =
Solve problems involving 10.3 m water =
atmospherics and gas pressure 101300 Pa
including barometer and 1 milibar = 100
manometer readings. Pa

Vocabulary:
atmospheric
pressure –

15
 WEEK LEARNING AREA LEARNING OUTCOMES SUGGESTED LEARNING NOTES AND
ACTIVITIES VOCABULARY
tekanan
atmosfera

gas pressure –
tekanan gas

3.4 Applying A students is able to: Enclosed –

17-18 Pascal’s principle • State pascal’s principle Observe situations to form ideas tertutup
14 Apr- 25 that pressure exerted on an Force multiplier –
Apr enclosed liquids is transmitted pembesar daya
• Explain hydraulic systems equally to every part of the liquid. Hydraulic system
• Describe applications of – sistem hidrolik
pascall’s principle Discuss hydraulics systems as a Transmitted –
force multiplier to obtain: tersebar
• Solve problems involving
Output force = Output piston area Piston area – luas
pascal”s principle.
Input force input piston areas keratan rentas
omboh
Reseacrh and report on the
applications of pascal’s principle
(hyraulic systems)

Solve problems involving pascal’s

principle.
3.5 Applying A student is able to: Carry out an actitvity to measure Recall density
24-25 Archimedes’ • Explain buoyant force. the weight of an object in air and and buoyancy
9 Jun – 20 priciple • Relate buoyant force to the the weight of the same object in Apparent weight
Jun weight of the liquid water to gain and idea on buoyant equals actual
displaced. force. weight minus
• State Archimedes’ principle. buoyant force
Conduct an experiment to Vocabulary:
• Describe applications of
investigate the relationship Buoyancy –
Archimedes principle.
between the weight water keapungan

16
 WEEK LEARNING AREA LEARNING OUTCOMES SUGGESTED LEARNING NOTES AND
ACTIVITIES VOCABULARY
• Solve problem involving displace and the buoyant force. Buoyant force –
Archimedes’ principle. tujah ke atas
Discuss buoyancy in terms of : Submerged –
a) an object that is totally or tenggelam
partially submerged in fluid Fluid – bendalir
experiences a buoyant Apparent weight
force equal to the weight of – berat ketara
fluid displaced. Actual weight –
b) The weight of a freely berat sebenar
floating object being equal Floating –
to weight of displace terapung
c) A floating object has a
density less than or equal
to the density of the fluid in
which is floating.

Research and report on the

application of Archimedes’
principle, e.g. submarines,
hydrometers, hot-air balloons.

Solve problem involving

Archimedes’ principle.

Build a Cartesian diver. Discuss

why the diver can be made to
move up and down.

3.6 Understanding A student is able to: Carry out activities to gain the Fluid – bendalir
26-27 Bernoulli’s principle idea that when the speed of a Lifting force –
23 Jun – 4 • State Bernoulli’s principle flowing fluid increases its pressure daya angkat
July • Explain that a resultant force decreases. E.g. blowing through Increases –
straw between two ping pong meningkat

17
 WEEK LEARNING AREA LEARNING OUTCOMES SUGGESTED LEARNING NOTES AND
ACTIVITIES VOCABULARY
exist due to a different in balls suspended on strings. Decreases –
fluid pressure. berkurang
• Describe application of Discuss Bernoulli’s principle. Flowing fluid –
Bernoulli’s principle bendalir bergerak
• Solve problem involving Carry out activities to show that a
Bernoulli’s principle resultant force exist due to a
different in fluid pressure.

View a computer simulation to

observe air flow over an aerofoil
to gain an idea on lifting force.

Research and report on the

application of Bernoulli’s
principle.

Solve problem involving

Bernoulli’s principle.
4.1 Understanding A student is able to : Carry out activities to show that Melting point for
27 thermal equilibrium • Explain thermal equilibrium thermal equilibrium is a condition ice-0˚C
30 Jun -4 • Explain how a liquid-in- glass in which there is no need heat Boiling point for
July thermometer works. flow between two objects in water 100˚C
thermal contact.
Vocabulary:
Use the liquid-in-glass Thermal
thermometer to explain how the equilibrium –
volume of a fixed mass of liquid keseimbangan
may be used to define a terma
temperature scale. Nett heat flow –
kadar bersih
pemindahan
haba
Melting point –

18
 WEEK LEARNING AREA LEARNING OUTCOMES SUGGESTED LEARNING NOTES AND
ACTIVITIES VOCABULARY
takat lebur
Boiling point –
takat didih
Freezing point –
takat beku

4.2 Understanding A student is able to: Observe the change in Heat capacity
28 specific heat • Define specific heat capacity temperature when: only relate to a
7 July – 11 capacity (c) a) the same amount of heat is particular object
July • State that c = Q/ mθ used to heat different whereas specific
• Determine the specific heat masses of water. heat capacity
30 capacity of a liquid. b) The same amount of heat relate to a
21 July – 25 is used to heat the same material.
• Determine the specific heat
July mass of different liquids. Guide students to
capacity of a solid.
analyse the unit
• Describe application of Discuss specific heat capacity of c as JKg-1K-1 or
specific heat capacity JKg-1˚C-1
• Solve problems involving Plan and carry out an activity to
specific heat capacity determine the specific heat Solid – pepejal
capacity of Immersion heater
a) a liquid – pemanas
b) a solid rendam

Research and report on

application of specific heat
capacity

Solve problem involving specific

heat capacity

4.3 • State that transfer of Carry out an activity to show that

30-31 Understanding heat during a change of there is no change in temperature
21 July – 31 specific latent heat. when heat is supplied to:

19
WEEK LEARNING AREA LEARNING OUTCOMES SUGGESTED LEARNING NOTES AND
ACTIVITIES VOCABULARY
July phase does not cause a a. a liquid at its boiling point
change in temperature. (Demonstrate an
• Define specific latent experiment using distilled
heat (l). water to show the
• State that l = Q/m. temperature doesn’t change
• Determine the specific while boiling)
latent heat of fusion. b. a solid at its melting point
(Demonstrate an
• Determine the specific
experiment using ice
latent heat of
cubes to show that
vaporization.
temperature doesn’t change
• Slove problem involving
while melting).
specific latent heat.
Sketch the boiling and the melting
curve and discuss melting
solidification , boiling and
condensation as processes
involving energy transfer without
a change in temperature.

Discuss
a) latent heat in terms of
molecular behaviour
b) specific latent heat

Show the diagrams that show

different matters have their
different specific latent heat

Plan and carry out an activity to

determine the specific latent heat
of
c) fusion

20
 WEEK LEARNING AREA LEARNING OUTCOMES SUGGESTED LEARNING NOTES AND
ACTIVITIES VOCABULARY
d) vaporization

Solve problems involving specific

latent heat

4.4
31-32 Understanding the • Explain gas pressure, Use a model or view computer
28 July – 1 gas laws temperature and volume simulations on the behaviour of
Aug in terms of behaviour of molecules of a fixed mass of gas
gas molecules. to gain an idea about gas
• Determine the pressure, temperature and
relationship between volume.
pressure and volume at
constant temperature for Discuss gas pressure, volume and
a fixed mass of gas i.e pV temperature in terms of the
= constant. behaviour of molecules based on
• Determine the the kinetic theory
relationship between
volume and temperature Plan and carry out an experiment
at constant pressure for a on a fixed mass of gas to
fixed mass of gas i.e V/T determine the relationship
= constant. between :
a)pressure and volume at
• Determine the
constant temperature
relationship between
b)volume and temperature at
pressure and
constant pressure
temperature at constant
c)pressure and temperature at
volume for a fixed mass
constant volume
of gas i.e P/T = constant.
• Explain absolute zero.
Extrapolate P-T and V-T graphs or
• Explain the view computer simulations to
absolute/Kelvin scale of show that when pressure and

21
 WEEK LEARNING AREA LEARNING OUTCOMES SUGGESTED LEARNING NOTES AND
ACTIVITIES VOCABULARY
temperature. volume are zero the temperature
• Solve problems involving on a P-T and V-T graph is -273° C.
pressure, temperature Discuss absolute zero and the
and volume of a fixed Kelvin scale of temperature.
mass of gas.
Solve problems involving the
pressure, temperature and
volume of a fixed mass of gas.

5.1 Understanding • Describe the Observe the image formed in a Concave mirror –
33 reflection of light characteristics of the plane mirror. Discuss that the cermin cekung
4 Aug-8 Aug image formed by image is: Convex mirrior –
reflection of light. a)as far behind the mirror as the cermin cembung
• State the laws of object is in front and the line
reflection of light. joining the object and image is Refelction of
• Draw ray diagrams to perpendicular to the mirror light-Pantulan
show the position and b)the same size as the object cahaya
characteristics of the c)virtual
image formed by a d)laterally inverted Image distance –
i. plane mirror, jarak imej
ii. convex mirror, Discuss the laws of reflection Radius of
iii. concave mirror. Carry out an activities for all curvature – jejari
students to find out the definition kelengkungan
• Describe applications of
of image distance, object Virtual image –
reflection of light.
distance, radius of curvature, imej maya
• Solve problems involving
virtual image, real object, optical
reflection of light. axis, optical centre and focal
• Construct a device based length
on the application of
reflection of light. Draw ray diagrams to determine

22
 WEEK LEARNING AREA LEARNING OUTCOMES SUGGESTED LEARNING NOTES AND
ACTIVITIES VOCABULARY
the position and characteristics of
the image formed by
a)plane mirror
b)convex mirror
c)concave mirror

Research and report on

applications of reflection of light

Solve problems involving

reflection of light

Construct a device based on

application of reflection of light

5.2 • Explain refraction of light. Observe situations to gain an idea Refraction –

36 Understanding • Define refractive index as on refraction e.g the depth of biasan
25 Aug – 29 refraction of light n =sin i/sin r. water in pool is shallower than it
Aug • Determine the refractive really and a ruler looks bent in a
index of a glass or glass of water
Perspex block.
Draw the diagrams to show the
• State the refractive
phenomenon above
index, n as
speed of light in a vacuum .
Conduct an experiment to find the
speed of light in a medium
relationship between the angle of
incident and angle of refraction to
obtain Snell’s law
Describe phenomena due

23
WEEK LEARNING AREA LEARNING OUTCOMES SUGGESTED LEARNING NOTES AND
ACTIVITIES VOCABULARY
to refraction. Carry out an activity to determine
the refractive index of a glass or
• Solve problems involving Perspex block.
the refraction of light.
Discuss the refractive index, , n,
as
Speed of light in a vacuum
Speed of light in a medium

Research and repot on

phenomenon due to refraction
e.g. apparent depth, the twinkling
of stars Real depth –
dalam sebenar
Carry out activities to gain an Apparent depth –
idea of apparent depth. With the dalam ketara
aid of diagrams, discuss real
depth and apparent depth.

Solve problems involving the

refraction of light.
5.3 • Explain total internal Demonstrate a simple activities to Total internal
37 Understanding total reflection of light show the phenomenon of internal reflection –
1 Sept-5 internal reflection • Define critical angle ( c ) reflection of light e.g by using pantulan dalam
Sept of light • Relate the critical angle water, beaker and spoon. Observe penuh
spoon from the bottom of the
to the refractive index i.e.
beaker. Critical angle –
n= 1
sudut genting
S
Carry out activities to show the
in c
effect of increasing the angle of
• Describe natural
incidence on the angle of
phenomenon involving refraction when light travels from
total internal reflection a denser medium to a less dense

24
 WEEK LEARNING AREA LEARNING OUTCOMES SUGGESTED LEARNING NOTES AND
ACTIVITIES VOCABULARY
• Describe application of medium to gain an idea about
total internal reflection. total internal reflection and to
• Solve problems involving obtain the critical angle.
total internal reflection.
Discuss with the aid of diagrams:
a)total internal reflection and
critical angle
b)the relationship between critical
angle and refractive index

Research and report on

a)natural phenomenon involving
total internal reflection
b)the applications of total internal
reflection, e.g. in
telecommunications using fibre
optics

Solve problems involving total

internal reflection.

5.4 Understanding • Explain focal point and Use an optical kit to observe and
39-40 lenses focal length. measure light rays traveling
15 Sept-26 • Determine the focal point through convex and concave
Sept and focal length of a lenses to gain and idea of focal
convex lens. point and focal length.
• Determine the focal Determine the focal point and
point and focal length of focal length of convex and
a concave lens. concave lenses.
• Draw ray diagrams to
With the help of ray diagrams,
show the positions and
discuss focal point and focal
characteristics of the
length.

25
WEEK LEARNING AREA LEARNING OUTCOMES SUGGESTED LEARNING NOTES AND
ACTIVITIES VOCABULARY
images formed by a
convex lens. Draw ray diagrams to show the
• Draw ray diagrams to positions and characteristics of
show the positions and the images formed by a
characteristics of the a)convex lens
images formed by a b)concave lens
concave lens.
• Define magnification as Carry out activities to gain an
m = v/u. idea of magnification.
• Relate focal length (f) to With the help of ray diagrams,
the object distance (u) discuss magnification.
and image distance (v), Carry out an activity to find the
i.e 1/f = 1/u + 1/v. relationship between u, v and f.
• Describe, with the aid of
Carry out activities to gain an
ray diagrams, the use of
idea on the of lenses in optical
lenses in optical devices.
devices.
• Construct an optical
device that uses lenses. With the help of ray diagrams
• Solve problems involving discuss the use of lenses in
to lenses. optical devices such as a
telescope and a microscope.

Construct an optical device that

uses lenses.

Solve problems involving lenses.

26