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Beam Splitters Combiners

The document provides information about fiber optic beam splitters and combiners including their features, applications, product descriptions and standard specifications. Beam splitters are used to divide light from one fiber into two or more fibers and can be constructed with different splitting ratios and fiber types. Polarizing and polarization maintaining splitters are described.

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Jaime Barragan
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
54 views

Beam Splitters Combiners

The document provides information about fiber optic beam splitters and combiners including their features, applications, product descriptions and standard specifications. Beam splitters are used to divide light from one fiber into two or more fibers and can be constructed with different splitting ratios and fiber types. Polarizing and polarization maintaining splitters are described.

Uploaded by

Jaime Barragan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 8

219 Westbrook Rd, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K0A 1L0 Toll Free: 1-800-361-5415 Tel:(613) 831-0981 Fax:(613) 836-5089

E-mail: [email protected]

BEAM SPLITTERS/COMBINERS
Features

High power handling


High extinction ratio
Highly modular and flexible design
Wide wavelength range
Bi-directional
Broadband performance
Custom designs welcomed
Mode independent behavior in multimode fiber applications.

Applications

Pigtail Style One-by-two Splitter

EDFA amplifier
Raman amplifier combiner
Polarization mode dispersion compensation
Polarization extinction ratio measurements
Fiber optic sensors
Coherent communication systems and quantum cryptography
Return loss measurement

Product Description
Fiber optic beam splitters are used to divide light from one fiber into two or more
fibers. Light from an input fiber is first collimated, then sent through a beam
splitting optic to divide it into two. The resultant output beams are then focused
back into the output fibers. Both 1XN and 2XN splitters can be constructed in this
fashion with as many as eight or more outputs, with both low return losses and low
insertion losses. This design is extremely flexible, allowing one to use different
fiber types on different ports, and different beam splitter optics inside. Custom
designs combining circulators, polarizing spitters and non-polarizing splitters in
the same package are routinely manufactured. Splitters can be made with either
fibers permanently attached to each port (pigtail style) or with receptacles on each
port that one can plug your fiber into (receptacle style). We can also build source
to fiber couplers with built-in beamsplitters for either laser or laser diode sources.
Contact OZ for details.
Please note that we strongly recommend using pigtail style devices whenever
possible. Mechanical tolerances on connectors and receptacles mean receptacle
style devices suffer from higher losses and poorer polarization extinction ratios
than pigtail style devices. This is especially true for singlemode and polarization
maintaining fiber devices.

Pigtail Style Two-by-two Splitter

One by Five Port Splitter/Circulator System

If size is a concern, we recommend that you consider our miniature line of


splitters. Please refer to our data sheet titled Miniature Inline Polarization
Maintaining Splitters/Taps/Combiners.
The two most common types of splitters offered are polarizing beam splitters and
polarization maintaining beam splitters. Their operating principles are as follows:
Polarization Maintaining Splitters: These splitters use a partially reflecting
mirror to transmit a portion of the light from the input fiber to the main output fiber,
and reflect the remainder of the light to the second output fiber. All ports made
using polarization maintaining fiber are aligned so that polarized light aligned
parallel to the stress rods on the input fiber emerges from the output fibers in the
DTS0095

OZ Optics reserves the right to change any specifications without prior notice.

19-Mar-09

same manner, maintaining the polarization state to a high degree.


Polarization maintaining splitters use a multi-layer coating to split the
light by a specific ratio regardless of the incoming polarization.
Because of the nature of these coatings, their behavior will vary
somewhat with respect to wavelength, and so are recommended for
an operating wavelength range of about 10nm. Broadband beam
splitters are offered, but with greater variation in the split ratio with
respect to input polarization.
Splitters that only split off a small portion of the input light are
commonly known as taps. These splitters are often used for power
monitoring applications. The small signal, typically between one and
ten percent, is sent to a monitoring photodiode, while the majority of
the signal goes on to the main destination. For a very low cost
alternative configuration, combining the functions of a tap and
monitor photodiode in a single unit, we invite you to review our Inline
Optical Taps and Monitors data sheet.
Polarizing Splitters: Polarizing Beam Splitters split incoming light
into two orthogonal states. They can also be used to combine the
light from two fibers into a single output fiber. When used as a beam
combiner, each input signal will transmit along a different output
polarization axis. It is important when using these splitters with
polarization maintaining fiber that one understands how the
polarization axes are aligned on each port. Figure 1 one shows the
standard configuration. With this configuration, the following
behavior will be observed:

1) Light launched along the slow axis of input port T will be


transmitted along the slow axis of output port 1
2) Light launched along the fast axis of input port T will be
transmitted along the slow axis of output port 2
3) Light launched along the slow axis of input port R will be
transmitted along the fast axis of output port 1
4) Light launched along the fast axis of input port R will be
transmitted along the fast axis of output port 2
This configuration can be changed based on a customers
requirements.
Please note that with polarizing splitters there are two
considerations: The ability of the splitter to prevent polarized light
intended for port 1 from reaching port 2 or vice versa (polarization
crosstalk), and the output polarization extinction ratio of the light
emerging from polarization maintaining fibers attached to each port.
The crosstalk level will always be equal to or greater than the
polarization extinction ratio. For example, a splitter can be produced
with a high cross talk ratio, but if the output fibers have mediocre
performance, then the output polarization extinction ratio would be
low. Please be sure to specify both of these values if your system
has special requirements.

Input
Port R

Output
Port 1

Input
Port T

Output
Port 2

Laser To Fiber Coupler


With Built-in Beam Splitter

Figure 1: Standard orientation of polarization maintaining


fibers on polarizing beamsplitters
PORT R
Two 4-40 Tapped holes,
0.50 inches apart,
0.34 inches deep
(On the bottom)

0.39
(TYP)

0.87

PORT T

PORT 2

PORT 1

0.87

Laser Diode
Polarization Beam Combiner

Figure 2: Dimensions of standard two-by-two splitter

Standard Product Specifications:


In general, OZ Optics uses polarization maintaining fibers based on the PANDA fiber structure when building polarization maintaining
components and patchcords. However we can construct devices using other PM fiber structures. We do carry some alternative fiber types
in stock, so please contact our sales department for availability. If necessary, we are willing to use customer supplied fibers to build devices.
Parameter
Splitting Ratios

Condition

Splitting Ratio Tolerance:

50/50 splitters
90/10 splitters

Central Wavelength:
Bandwidth:
Wavelength Dependent Loss (WDL):
Polarization Extinction Ratios1:
Polarization Dependent Loss (PDL):
Directivity
Return Losses2:
Insertion Losses2,3 :

1520-1570 nm
630-1600 nm
400-630 nm

Typical
Maximum

Power Handling3
Operating Temperature Range:
Storage Temperature Range:

Value
50/50, standard
Polarizing beam splitter standard
Custom split ratios 50/50 to 95/5 available on request
3%
2%
1550 nm Standard
Other wavelengths available on request
1.5% of the central wavelength
0.1 dB
20 dB minimum, 23 dB typical
17 dB minimum, 20 dB typical
0.25 dB
>50 dB
4,6
4,6
60 dB
50 dB
40 dB5,6
30 dB7
<0.5 dB
<0.9 dB
<0.9 dB
<0.9 dB
<0.6 dB
<1.0 dB
<1.0 dB
<1.0 dB
>1 Watt (+30 dBm)
+0C to +70C
-40C to +85C

1Higher

extinction ratios available for custom orders.


not include connector losses and connector return losses.
3For 1550 nm wavelengths with either singlemode or polarization maintaining fibers. High power systems can be constructed as required. Contact OZ Optics
for other wavelengths or fiber types.
4Standard for 1300/1550 nm wavelength bands.
5Standard for non-telecom wavelength bands.
6Non-telecom products with low return losses and insertion losses available on special order.
7Standard for multimode fibers.
2Does

Ordering Information For Standard Parts


The following list is just a subset of available standard parts. In particular, we produce components for a variety of wavelengths. Your choice of
connectors can be added to the pigtail style units.

Bar Code

Part Number

Description

11460

FOBS-12P-111-8/125-PPP-1550-50/50-40-XXX-1-1

One-by-two polarization maintaining beam splitter for 1550nm with a 50/50


split ratio, 40dB return loss. All three fibers are one meter long, 900 micron
OD loose tube cabled 8/125 polarization maintaining fiber for 1550nm, with
no connectors on the fiber ends.

17343

FOBS-12P-111-8/125-PPP-1550-50/50-40-XXX-3-1

One-by-two polarization maintaining beam splitter for 1550nm with a 50/50


split ratio, 40dB return loss. All three fibers are one meter long, 3mm OD
Kevlar reinforced PVC cabled 8/125 polarization maintaining fiber for
1550nm, with no connectors on the fiber ends.

9356

FOBS-12P-111-8/125-PPP-1550-50/50-60-XXX-1-1

One-by-two polarization maintaining beam splitter for 1550nm with a 50/50


split ratio, 60dB return loss. All three fibers are one meter long, 900 micron
OD loose tube cabled 8/125 polarization maintaining fiber for 1550nm, with
no connectors on the fiber ends.

10523

FOBS-12P-111-9/125-SPP-1550-PBS-40-XXX-3-1

One-by-two polarizing beam splitter for 1550nm with 40dB return loss. The
input fiber is Corning SMF-28 fiber, while the two output fibers are 8/125
polarization maintaining fibers. All three fibers are one meter long, 3mm OD
Kevlar reinforced PVC cabled, with no connectors on the fiber ends.

14862

FOBS-12P-111-9/125-SSS-1550-PBS-40-XXX-3-1

One-by-two polarizing beam splitter for 1550nm with 40dB return loss. All
three fibers are one meter long, 3mm OD Kevlar reinforced PVC cabled
Corning SMF-28 fiber, with no connectors on the fiber ends.
3

Ordering Information For Standard Parts continued


Bar Code

Part Number

Description

10620

FOBS-22P-1111-8/125-PPPP-1550-PBS-50-XXXX-1-1

Two-by-two polarizing beam splitter for 1550nm with 50dB return loss. All
four fibers are one meter long, 900 micron OD loose tube cabled 8/125
polarization maintaining fiber for 1550nm, with no connectors on the fiber
ends.

11922

FOBS-22P-1111-9/125-SSSS-1550-PBS-40-XXXX-1-1

Two-by-two polarizing beam splitter for 1550nm with 40dB return loss. All
four fibers are one meter long, 900 micron OD tight jacketed Corning SMF28 fiber, with no connectors on the fiber ends.

FOBS-22P-1111-9/125-SSPP-1550-PBS-50-XXXX-1-1-ER=25

Two-by-two polarizing beam splitter for 1550nm with 50dB return loss. Both
inputs are Corning SMF-28 singlemode fibers, and both outputs are 8/125
polarization maintaining fibers for 1550nm. All four fibers are one meter long,
900 micron OD cabled, with no connectors on the fiber ends. The output
polarization extinction ratio is better than 25dB

20677

FOBS-12P-111-6/125-PPP-1053-50/50-40-XXX-1-1

One-by-two polarization maintaining beam splitter for 1053nm with a 50/50


split ratio, 40dB return loss. All three fibers are one meter long, 900 micron
OD loose tube cabled 6/125 polarization maintaining fiber for 1053nm, with
no connectors on the fiber ends.

21291

FOBS-12P-111-6/125-PPP-1053-PBS-40-XXX-1-1

One-by-two polarizing beam splitter for 1053nm with 40dB return loss. All
three fibers are one meter long, 900 micron OD loose tube cabled 6/125
polarization maintaining fiber for 1053nm, with no connectors on the fiber
ends.

10869

FOBS-22P-1111-5/125-SSSS-850-PBS-40-XXXX-3-2

Two-by-two polarizing beam splitter for 850nm with 40dB return loss. All four
fibers are two meter long, 3mm OD Kevlar reinforced PVC cabled 5/125
singlemode fiber, with no connectors on the fiber ends.

11938

Ordering Examples For Standard Parts


A research lab is building a fiber interferometer, and requires a polarization maintaining 50/50 splitter for 1550nm. The application requires products
with low return losses. No connectors are required, as the customer intends to splice the unit into the system.

Bar Code
9356

Part Number
FOBS-12P-111-8/125-PPP-1550-50/50-60-XXX-1-1

Description
One-by-two polarization maintaining beam splitter for 1550nm with a 50/50
split ratio, 60dB return loss. All three fibers are one meter long, 900 micron
OD loose tube cabled 8/125 polarization maintaining fiber for 1550nm, with
no connectors on the fiber ends.

Ordering Information For Custom Parts:


OZ Optics welcomes the opportunity to provide custom designed products to meet your application needs. As with most manufacturers,
customized products do take additional effort so please expect some differences in the pricing compared to our standard parts list. In
particular, we will need additional time to prepare a comprehensive quotation, and lead times will be longer than normal. In most cases nonrecurring engineering (NRE) charges, lot charges, and minimum order will be necessary. These points will be carefully explained in your
quotation, so your decision will be as well-informed as possible. We strongly recommend buying our standard products.

Questionnaire For Custom Parts:


1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.

What is your operating wavelength?


What is the intensity of your signal?
What is the first input fiber type?
What is the second input fiber type (if needed)?
What is the first output fiber type?
What is the second output fiber type?
What splitting ratio do you desire? Do you require a fixed splitting ratio or a polarizing splitter?
Do you intend to use the unit as a splitter or as a combiner?
What are your insertion loss requirements?
What are your return loss requirements?
How long should the fibers be on each port?
Do you require uncabled fibers, or fibers protected with a 900 micron diameter loose tube cable?
Do you need any connectors on the fibers? If so, what type?
4

Description
Pigtail Style
One-by-two Splitter

Part Number

FOBS-12P-111-a/b-ABC-W-S/R-LB-XYZ-JD-L

Pigtail Style
Two-by-two Splitter

FOBS-22P-1111-a/b-ADBC-W-S/R-LB-XTYZ-JD-L

a/b =

Fiber core/cladding sizes in microns


9/125 for 1300/1550 nm singlemode fiber.
8/125 for 1550 nm PM fiber
7/125 for 1300 nm PM fiber
See tables 1 to 5 of the Standard Tables
data sheet for other standard fiber sizes

Wavelength: Specify in nanometers


(Example: 1550 for 1550 nm)

S/R =

Splitting ratio: 50/50 to 95/5


50/50 Standard
Use PBS for polarizing splitters

Fiber length, in meters

JD =

Fiber jacket type


0.25 = 250 micron OD acrylate coating
1 = 900 micron OD hytrel jacket
3 = 3 mm OD Kevlar reinforced PVC cable

X,T, = Connector codes for each port


Y,Z
3S = Super NTT-FC/PC
3U = Ultra NTT-FC/PC
3A = Angled NTT-FC/PC
LC = LC
SC = SC
SCA = Angled SC
See Table 6 of the Standard Tables data sheet
for other connectors

A,D, = Fiber Types on each port


B,C
(Input T, Input R, Output 1 and Output 2)
M = Multimode
S = Singlemode
P = Polarization Maintaining
W=

L=

LB =

Backreflection level:
30, 40, 50, or 60 dB
50, 60 dB are standard for 1300 nm to
1550 nm only
40 dB standard for other wavelengths
30 dB is standard for multimode

Note: Add -ER=25 or -ER=30 to the end of the part number for products with output polarization greater than 25 dB and 30 dB, respectively.

Description
Receptacle Style
One-by-two Splitter

FOBS-12-XYZ-ABC-W-S/R

Receptacle Style
Two-by-two Splitter

FOBS-22-XTYZ-ADBC-W-S/R

X,T, = Connector codes for each port


3 = FC, Super FC/PC and Ultra FC/PC
Y,Z
3AF = Angled Flat NTT-FC
SC = SC
See Table 6 of the Standard Tables data sheet for
other connectors

Part Number

S/R =

Splitting ratio: 50/50 to 95/5


50/50 Standard
Use PBS for polarizing splitters

W=

Wavelength: Specify in nanometers


(Example: 1550 for 1550 nm)

A,D, = Fiber Types on each port


B,C
(Input T, Input R, Output 1and Output 2)
M = Multimode
S = Singlemode
P = Polarization Maintaining

Description
Pigtail Style Laser Diode
to Fiber Splitter
Pigtail Style Laser
to Fiber Splitter

Part Number

LDBS-12P-a/b-AB-W-S/R-LB-XY-JD-L-C
ULBS-12P-a/b-AB-W-S/R-f-LH-LB-XY-JD-L

Fiber core/cladding sizes in microns


9/125 for 1300/1550 nm singlemode fiber.
8/125 for 1550 nm PM fiber
7/125 for 1300 nm PM fiber
See tables 1 to 5 of the Standard Tables
data sheet for other standard fiber sizes

C=

Coupling Efficiency1:
30 = 30%
45 = 45%
75 = 75%

L=

Fiber length, in meters

JD =

Fiber jacket type


0.25 = 250 micron OD acrylate coating
1 = 900 micron OD hytrel jacket
3 = 3 mm OD Kevlar reinforced PVC cable

a/b =

A,B = Fiber Types on each port


(Output 1, Output 2)
M = Multimode
S = Singlemode
P = Polarization Maintaining
W=

Wavelength: Specify in nanometers


(Example: 1550 for 1550 nm)

S/R =

Splitting ratio: 50/50 to 95/5


50/50 Standard
Use PBS for polarizing splitters

f=

Lens ID: See Lens Selection Guide 3


for Non-Contact couplers with
receptacles in the Laser to Fiber
Coupler Application Notes

X,Y = Connector codes for each port


3S = Super NTT-FC/PC
3U = Ultra NTT-FC/PC
3A = Angled NTT-FC/PC
LC = LC
SC = SC
SCA = Angled SC
See Table 6 of the Standard Tables data sheet
for other connectors
LB =
LH =

Laser Head Adapter


1 for 1 -32TPI Male Threaded Adapter
2 for Disk Adapter with 4 holes on 1
square
11 for Post Mount Adapter
See Table 8 of the Standard Tables data sheet
for other connectors

Backreflection level:
30, 40, 50, or 60 dB
50, 60 dB are standard for 1300 nm to
1550 nm only
40 dB standard for other wavelengths
30 dB is standard for multimode

Note that due to variations in the optical characteristics of the laser diode being used, not all coupling efficiencies are available for every laser diode for every
fiber type.

Description
Receptacle Style Laser Diode
to Fiber Splitter
Receptacle Style Laser
to Fiber Splitter
X,Y = Connector codes for each port
3 = FC, Super FC/PC and Ultra FC/PC
3AF = Angled Flat NTT-FC
SC = SC
See Table 6 of the Standard Tables data sheet for
other connectors

Part Number

LDBS-1XY-AB-W-S/R-C
ULBS-1XY-AB-W-S/R-f-LH
C=

Coupling Efficiency1:
30 = 30%
45 = 45%
75 = 75%

LH =

A,B = Fiber Types on each port


(Output 1, Output 2)
M = Multimode
S = Singlemode
P = Polarization Maintaining

Laser Head Adapter


1 for 1 -32TPI Male Threaded Adapter
2 for Disk Adapter with 4 holes on 1
square
11 for Post Mount Adapter
See Table 8 of the Standard Tables data sheet for
other connectors

W=

Wavelength: Specify in nanometers


(Example: 1550 for 1550 nm)

f=

S/R =

Splitting ratio: 50/50 to 95/5


50/50 Standard
Use PBS for polarizing splitters

Lens ID: See Lens Selection Guide 3


for Non-Contact couplers with
receptacles in the Laser to Fiber
Coupler Application Notes

Note that due to variations in the optical characteristics of the laser diode being used, not all coupling efficiencies are available for every laser diode for every
fiber type.
6

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)


Q: Are any epoxies present within the optical path of the device?
A: No epoxies are present between the fiber and the collimation lens, where the intensity of the light is greatest. Some beam splitting optics
within the device may consist of cemented prisms, limiting their power handling. However we can provide epoxy-free versions on request.
Q: Can I combine two polarizations into one fiber along the same axis?
A: If you use a 50/50 splitter, you will lose half of each input signal. A polarizing beamsplitter would allow you to combine the beams with low
loss, but they would be launched down different polarization axes of a PM fiber. If the output fiber is singlemode, then both polarizations
will be scrambled together. If the two sources have different wavelengths, then a polarization maintaining wave division multiplexer (WDM)
may be used. OZ Optics offers this device for a variety of common and special wavelength pairs.
Q: How can I combine sources with two different wavelengths into the same fiber, and then split them again into two different fibers?
A: Usually, a device known as a wave division multiplexer is used. This device employs a dichroic filter (it reflects one wavelength and passes
another) to combine or separate signals at different wavelengths. This can be done for multimode, singlemode, or PM fibers. Alternatively,
if the two signals are carried along PM fiber, then they can be combined using a polarizing beamsplitter. However this idea cannot be used
to later separate the two signals.
Q: What advantages do these splitters have over fused splitters (also called biconical taper couplers or taps) or your miniature splitters?
A: Fused splitters are often a good alternative for beamsplitting applications. For singlemode and multimode fiber applications, they offer
lower insertion losses, lower return losses, are smaller and are less expensive. Having said that, the polarization maintaining fused
splitters currently available on the market have a narrower operating bandwidth and often demonstrate mediocre polarization extinction
ratio performance, particularly on the tapped port. The technique used by OZ Optics in our standard beamsplitter design is also inherently
more flexible. Different fiber types can be used on each port of the splitter, and the alignment of the polarization transmission axes on
each port can be tailored to customer requirements. Systems for unusual wavelengths and unusual fiber types can also be rapidly
developed. Finally, specialty high power splitters, capable of transmitting over 10 Watts of optical power can be produced.
As another note, the splitting ratio of multimode fused splitters is dependent on how the light is initially launched into the input fiber.
Standard multimode fused splitters rely on the input being a low coherence source, like an LED, to mask this behavior. In contrast, the
splitting ratio of the OZ Optics beam splitter is mode independent, thus ensuring correct behavior. If you are still interested in a fused
splitter, please check out our Fused Fiber Optic Couplers data sheet for our product offerings.
Q: What is directivity?
A: Directivity is a measure of how much unwanted light can be reflected from one output port on a splitter to the other output port. For
example, light from the input port of a 50/50 splitter is normally sent evenly into the two output ports. The directivity is the measure of
how much light can be transmitted from one output port to the other output port instead.
Q: I want a polarization combiner and you quoted me a splitter, why?
A: They are the same device used in opposite directions. All splitters are quoted as one fiber to two fibers. As long as your request is
clear, your device will work fine.

Application Notes
Polarization Extinction Ratio vs Power Extinction Ratio: For polarizing beamsplitters, the term Extinction Ratio (ER) is often applied to
both polarization and power. The power extinction ratio is the ratio between the maximum signal intensity and the minimum signal intensity
as the polarization is varied. It is essentially the same as polarization dependent loss, only that we now want this value to be as large as
possible instead of as small as possible. In contrast the polarization extinction ratio is a measure of how well the output light from a
polarization maintaining fiber is polarized.
Generally speaking the power extinction ratio will always be equal to or greater than the polarization extinction ratio. For example, there can
be a splitter with a high power extinction ratio, but if the output PM fibers are not optimally aligned and attached, the output polarization
extinction ratio from the fiber would be low. Please be sure to specify both of these values if your system has special requirements. Whenever
an ER value is provided for a non-PM fiber system, it refers to the power extinction ratio. The output ratio for each port should also be
specified if a lower value is acceptable as this provides for greater manufacturing tolerances and lower pricing.
Combining Different Fibers: Fiber optic beam splitters can be designed to couple light from one fiber into an identical fiber or into one with
a larger mode field diameter (MFD) and/or numerical aperture (NA). However they cannot be made to transmit light from an input fiber into
a fiber with a smaller MFD or NA without high losses. The basic loss estimation is as the square of the mismatch, so if the receiving fiber has
a MFD of only of what is should be, then only of the light will ideally be coupled. If instead the output fiber is larger, then coupling will
be efficient. Therefore, systems cannot be designed to couple light from multimode fiber (for example 50 um MFD, 0.22 NA) into singlemode
or PM fibers (10.5 um MFD 0.11 NA) with any reasonable efficiency. The most efficient way to circumvent this is to electronically detect the
signal and use a second source pigtailed with the desired fiber.
Using Splitters as Combiners: A common question we receive is whether a 50/50 beamsplitter can be used in reverse, to combine the
signals from two sources, thereby combining their output powers. Unfortunately beamsplitters are reciprocal in nature, meaning that they
perform the same operation in both directions. Since the light from the input port on a polarization maintaining splitter will be split 50/50 into
the two output ports, light sent back along either one of those ports will also be split 50/50. In a one by two splitter the other 50 percent is
simply lost inside the coupler housing. In order to combine signals with low losses the two input signals must somehow be different: for
instance light of two different wavelengths or light of two different polarizations can be efficiently combined.
7

Because of the inherent flexibility of the OZ Optics splitter design, an almost limitless set of configurations are possible. The
following set of examples show only a few of the possible applications.

1. Polarizing splitter / polarization combiner: A 12


splitter is required to split the light from a 1300nm
singlemode fiber into two orthogonal polarizations, and
then transmit the two signals along two PM fibers. This
splitter could also be used in the reverse direction to
combine the light from two PM fibers into one singlemode
fiber. The two PM fibers are aligned such that for either
output port the light is transmitted along the slow axis of
the fiber. The output extinction ratios from the PM fibers
must be at least 30dB, while the typical backreflection will
be 25dB. The singlemode input fiber is terminated with a
male FC connector, while the two output fibers are
unterminated. All three fibers are cabled using 3mm O.D.
kevlar cabling, and are one meter long. OZ Optics' part
number:FOBS-12P-111-9/125-SPP-1300-PBS-25-3XX-3-1-ER=30

An alternative setup for an analyzer is available with


photodiodes attached directly to the output ports rather
than using focusing optics and multimode fibers. Such a
system can reduce costs and improve coupling efficiency.
OZ Optics' part number: FOBS-12-8XX-SDD-1300-PBS.

L: 0.875" or 1.6"
LENS

SM FIBER
POLARIZING
BEAMSPLITTER
PM FIBERS

POLARIZING SPLITTER/COMBINER

2. Polarization Analyzer: The output from a 1300nm


singlemode fiber is connected to the input of a connector
receptacle style one-by-two splitter. The analyzer
consists of a polarizing splitter, an input collimator, and
two focusing lenses. The output from each port of the
splitter is then connected to a multimode fiber, and the
resultant output powers monitored. In this manner one
can study the output polarization of light from the fiber.
For 1300nm fibers, terminated with ST connectors, the
part number for the analyzer with corresponding
receptacles is: FOBS-12-888-SMM-1300-PBS.

3. Collimated source to fiber splitter with variable


splitting ratio: A customer wants to couple light from a
polarized 488/514nm Ar-Ion laser with 1 - 32 TPI female
receptacle into two PM fibers. Both fibers have FC
connectors. By using a broadband polarizing splitter to
divide the light from the laser, one can rotate the splitter to
adjust the splitting ratio between the two fibers to any
desired ratio. Achromat lenses are then used to couple
the light with equal efficiency for the 488nm and 514nm ArIon laser lines.
OZ Optics part number:ULBS-133-PP-488/514-PBS3.5AC-1. A similar system is available for non-collimated
sources, such as laser diodes. For these items a lens is
used to initially collimate the source. Add BL to the part #
if blocking attenuator is required for each output end.

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