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Handover Parameters (Shiikha)

The document discusses key performance indicators (KPIs) for GSM networks, including: 1. Call Setup Success Rate (CSSR) - The percentage of call attempts that are successfully connected, ideally close to 100%. Low CSSR can be due to issues like low signal strength. 2. Handover Success Rate (HSR) - The percentage of successful handovers between cells. High HSR is important for continuous connectivity and call quality as users move. 3. TCH Assignment Success Rate (TCHSR) - The percentage of successful assignments of traffic channels for voice calls. Low TCHSR can occur from interference or faulty equipment. 4. Random Access Success Rate (RAS

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32 views

Handover Parameters (Shiikha)

The document discusses key performance indicators (KPIs) for GSM networks, including: 1. Call Setup Success Rate (CSSR) - The percentage of call attempts that are successfully connected, ideally close to 100%. Low CSSR can be due to issues like low signal strength. 2. Handover Success Rate (HSR) - The percentage of successful handovers between cells. High HSR is important for continuous connectivity and call quality as users move. 3. TCH Assignment Success Rate (TCHSR) - The percentage of successful assignments of traffic channels for voice calls. Low TCHSR can occur from interference or faulty equipment. 4. Random Access Success Rate (RAS

Uploaded by

SalmaanCadeXaaji
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction

BASIC STRUCTURE OF GSM NETWORK


A part of GSM network. The Base Transceiver Station, or BTS, contains the equipment for
Transmitting and receiving of radio signals (transceivers), antennas, and equipment for
encrypting and decrypting communications with the Base Station Controller (BSC). Typically a
BTS will have several transceivers (TRXs) which allow it to serve several different frequencies
and different sectors of the cell [1]

Structure of GSM network The Base Station Controller (BSC) provides, classically, the
intelligence behind the BTSs. The BSC handles allocation of radio channels, receives
measurements from the mobile phones, controls handovers from BTS to BTS (except in the case
of an inter-BSC handover in which case control is in part the responsibility of the Anchor MSC).
A key function of the BSC is to act as a concentrator where many different low capacity
connections to BTSs (with relatively low utilization) become reduced to a smaller number of
connections towards the Mobile Switching Center (MSC) via an interface [1]

1.1 CALL SETUP SUCCESS RATE (CSSR)


The call setup success rate is one of the key performance indicators (KPI) used by the network
operators to assess the performance of networks and have direct influence on the customer
satisfaction with the service provided by the network and its operator.
CSSR is a term in telecommunications denoting the fraction of the attempts to make a call which
result in a connection to the dialed number. This fraction is usually measured as a percentage of
all call attempts made. The call setup procedure may be very complex and the point at which a
call is considered successfully connected may be defined in a number of ways,. Please note, that
if a call is connected successfully but the dialed number is busy then the call is counted as
successful. The call setup success rate in conventional (so-called land-line) networks is
extremely high and is significantly above 99.9%.
CSSR is the number of successful attempts to make a call. Ideally, a network should be capable
of accepting all the calls attempted to be made. The ideal value of CSSR is 1 i.e. the network
should be capable of accepting 100 % of the calls made. CSSR is found out through a short call.
CSSR = Outgoing and incoming call setup/ Total number of Call attempts [2]
1.1.1

Call setup failure reasons

There could be so many reasons for a poor CSSR. Some are described as follows:
1. Low Signal Strength
2. SDCCH Congestion
3. CM Service Reject
4. TCH Failure Assignment
5. Hardware Problem [2]
1.2 Handover Success Rate (HSR)
Definition Handover is an important function in mobile communication systems. As a means of
radio link control, handover enables users to communicate continuously when they traverse
different cells. The HSR is the ratio of the number of successful handovers to the number of

handover requests. The major purpose of handover is to guarantee call continuity, improve
speech quality, reduce cross interference in the network, and thus provide better services for
mobile station (MS) subscribers. The HSR is an important KPI of the call hold type. According
to the processes, this KPI can be divided into two types: Handover Success Rate and Radio
Handover Success Rate. According to the relations between involved network elements (NEs),
this KPI can be divided into three types: Success Rate of Intra-BSC Handover, Success Rate of
Incoming BSC Handover, and Success Rate of Outgoing BSC Handover. The HSR is an
important KPI assessed by operators because the value of the HSR directly affects the user
experience. [3]
1.3 TCH Assignment Success Rate (TCHSR)
TCH assignment failure is a phenomenon where the MS is not able to use the TCH which is
assigned to it for voice call. This could happen due to uplink /downlink interference, faulty radio
or faulty antenna system. [4]
1.4 Random Access Success Rate (RASR)
Random Access Channel (RACH) is used by the MS on the "uplink" to request for
allocation of an SDCCH. This request from the MS on the uplink could either be as a
page response (MS being paged by the BSS in response to an incoming call) or due
to user trying to access the network to establish a call. Availability of SDCCH at the
BTS will not have any impact on the Random Access Success. In the transceiver, the
timeslot handler in charge of the RACH channel listens for access burst from mobiles
(on the time-slot that transmits BCCH). These bursts contain a check sequence (8
bits) that is used to determine if the message is valid. [4]

Call Drop Rate (CDR)


TCH drop (or a dropped call) could be broadly classified into 3 sub classes:

Degradation of the links (Uplink and Downlink): either degradation of Signal Strength
which falls near or lower than the sensitivity of the base station (around to -110 dBm) or

that of the mobile (around -104dBm) or degradation of quality of the links (Uplink and
Downlink) often due to interference.

Excess TA (TA>63 or excess path imbalance due to high TA).

Other Reasons. [4]

Reference

1. TMM RA 5 MDC, Siemens Program and System Engineering, Ltd.


2. B.VenkataSai Sireesha, Dr.S.Varadarajan, Vivek and Naresh/ International Journal
of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA)
3. Huawei Technology Co. Ltd

4. Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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