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Alexander III of Macedon (20/21 July 356 - 10/11 June 323 BC), Commonly Known As Alexander The Great (

1) Alexander the Great was a king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon who conquered most of the known world between 336-323 BC, creating one of the largest empires in history stretching from Greece to India. 2) As a student of Aristotle, Alexander succeeded his father Philip II to the throne at age 20 and spent the next decade leading military campaigns that defeated the Persian Empire and conquered much of Western Asia and Egypt. 3) By the time of his death at age 32 in Babylon, Alexander had created a Hellenistic civilization and left a legacy of more than 20 cities named after him, influencing cultures for centuries with the spread of Greek language and culture throughout Western Asia and Egypt.

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Alexander III of Macedon (20/21 July 356 - 10/11 June 323 BC), Commonly Known As Alexander The Great (

1) Alexander the Great was a king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon who conquered most of the known world between 336-323 BC, creating one of the largest empires in history stretching from Greece to India. 2) As a student of Aristotle, Alexander succeeded his father Philip II to the throne at age 20 and spent the next decade leading military campaigns that defeated the Persian Empire and conquered much of Western Asia and Egypt. 3) By the time of his death at age 32 in Babylon, Alexander had created a Hellenistic civilization and left a legacy of more than 20 cities named after him, influencing cultures for centuries with the spread of Greek language and culture throughout Western Asia and Egypt.

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Sanket Patil
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Alexander III of Macedon (20/21 July 356 10/11 June 323 BC), commonly known as

Alexander the Great (Greek: , Alxandros ho Mgas [a.lk.san.dros ho


m.gas]),iii[] was a King (Basileus) of the Ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon[1][2][3] and a
member of the Argead dynasty. Born in Pella in 356 BC, Alexander succeeded his father, Philip
II, to the throne at the age of twenty. He spent most of his ruling years on an unprecedented
military campaign through Asia and northeast Africa, until by the age of thirty he had created one
of the largest empires of the ancient world, stretching from Greece to Egypt and into northwest
India.[4] He was undefeated in battle and is considered one of history's most successful military
commanders.[5]
During his youth, Alexander was tutored by the philosopher Aristotle until the age of 16. After
Philip was assassinated in 336 BC, Alexander succeeded his father to the throne and inherited a
strong kingdom and an experienced army. He had been awarded the generalship of Greece and
used this authority to launch his father's Panhellenic project to lead the Greeks in the conquest of
Persia.[6][7] In 334 BC, he invaded the Achaemenid Empire, ruled Asia Minor, and began a series
of campaigns that lasted ten years. Alexander broke the power of Persia in a series of decisive
battles, most notably the battles of Issus and Gaugamela. He subsequently overthrew the Persian
King Darius III and conquered the Achaemenid Empire in its entirety.i[] At that point, his empire
stretched from the Adriatic Sea to the Indus River.
Seeking to reach the "ends of the world and the Great Outer Sea", he invaded India in 326 BC,
but was eventually forced to turn back at the demand of his troops. Alexander died in Babylon in
323 BC, the city he planned to establish as his capital, without executing a series of planned
campaigns that would have begun with an invasion of Arabia. In the years following his death, a
series of civil wars tore his empire apart, resulting in several states ruled by the Diadochi,
Alexander's surviving generals and heirs.
Alexander's legacy includes the cultural diffusion his conquests engendered, such as GrecoBuddhism. He founded some twenty cities that bore his name, most notably Alexandria in Egypt.
Alexander's settlement of Greek colonists and the resulting spread of Greek culture in the east
resulted in a new Hellenistic civilization, aspects of which were still evident in the traditions of
the Byzantine Empire in the mid-15th century and the presence of Greek speakers in central and
far eastern Anatolia until the 1920s. Alexander became legendary as a classical hero in the mold
of Achilles, and he features prominently in the history and myth of Greek and non-Greek
cultures. He became the measure against which military leaders compared themselves, and
military academies throughout the world still teach his tactics.[8]ii[] He is often ranked among the
world's most influential people of all time, along with his teacher Aristotle.[9][1

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