Scribd
Upload
38 views

Sets and Set Operations

This document provides an overview of sets and set operations in mathematics. It defines what a set is, provides examples of different types of sets, and explains ways to describe sets. It also defines key terms like finite and infinite sets, equal and equivalent sets, subsets, unions and intersections of sets, complements of sets, and differences of sets. Finally, it provides examples of set operations like unions, intersections, complements and differences using specific sets.

Uploaded by

RensieViqueFalculan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
38 views

Sets and Set Operations

This document provides an overview of sets and set operations in mathematics. It defines what a set is, provides examples of different types of sets, and explains ways to describe sets. It also defines key terms like finite and infinite sets, equal and equivalent sets, subsets, unions and intersections of sets, complements of sets, and differences of sets. Finally, it provides examples of set operations like unions, intersections, complements and differences using specific sets.

Uploaded by

RensieViqueFalculan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

MATH 101 Fundamentals of Mathematics

Republic of the Philippines

BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY


Jose P. Laurel Polytechnic College
Malvar, Batangas
College of Teacher Education
Fundamentals of Mathematics
SETS AND SET OPERATIONS
Set
It is a well-defined collection of objects or things. The objects in a set are called members
or elements.
Examples:
A = {1, 2, 3, 4, }
B = {a, b, c, , x, y, z}
C = {, -3, -2, -1}
Ways of Describing Sets
A. Roster or Tabular Method it is a way of describing sets by listing the elements
separated by commas and enclosed in braces {}.
Examples:
C = {a, e, i, o, u}
D = {, -2, 0, 2,}
B.

Rule or Set Builder Method it is a way of describing sets by describing the common
characteristics of the elements of the set.
Examples: Rule Method
C is the set of vowel letters in the English Alphabet
D is the set of Z of multiples 2.
Examples: Set Builder
C = {x|x English Alphabet, x is a vowel}
D = {x|x Z, x 2Z}

Classification of Sets
1. Finite Set - a set that contains definite number of elements (countable elements).
2. Infinite Set a set that contains indefinite number of elements (uncountable elements).
3. Equal Sets - two or more sets with the same elements regardless of the order.
4. Equivalent Sets - two or more sets with the same number of elements.
5. Joint Sets - two or more sets with at least one common element.
6. Disjoint Sets - two or more sets with no common element.
7. Empty/ Null Set - a set without any element. It is enclosed by {} or .
8. Unit Set - a set that contains only one element.
9. Universal Set - the totality of all the elements of the sets under consideration.
10. Subset - If every element of set A is also an element of set B, then A is a subset of B.
11.Power Set - the family of all the subsets of a given set.
Cardinality of Sets
It is the number of elements found in a set. This is denoted by n(A). The cardinality of set
applies only to finite sets.
A = {1, 2, 3}
B = {x|x N of multiples 2}
True or False.
1. {M, N, O} = {1, 2, 3}
2. The set of Natural Numbers is a Finite Set.

n(A) = 3
N(B) = undefined

MATH 101 Fundamentals of Mathematics

3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

{0} = {}
Equal sets are always equivalent sets.
{x|x is an integer} is a subset or equal to {x|x is a whole number}
3 {2, 4, 6,}
{} = {}

Operations on Sets
1. UNION OF SETS denoted by AUB is the set of all elements that belong to set A or B or
to both sets A and B, that is
AUB = {x|x A or x B }
A = {1, 2, 3, 4, }
B = {2, 4, 6, }

AUB = {1, 2, 3, 4, }

2. INTERSECTION OF SETS denoted by AB is the set of all elements that belong to both
sets A and B, that is
AB = {x|x A or x B }
A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
B = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9}

AB = {1, 3, 5}

3. COMPLEMENT OF SET A the complement of set A is the set of all elements found in
the universal set but not found in A. This is denoted by A.
A = {x|x U, x is not an element of A}
A = {0, 4, 8, 10}
B = {0, 6, 8, 12}
C = {2, 6, 12, 14}

U = {0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14}


A = {2, 6, 12, 14}
B = {2, 4, 10, 14}
C = {0, 4, 8, 10}

4. DIFFERENCE OF SETS the difference of sets A and B or A-B is the set of all elements
that belong to A but not in B.
A-B = {x|x A but x is not an element of B}
A = {0, 1, 3, 5}
B = {1, 4, 5, 8}

A B = {0, 3}
B A = {4, 8}

Evaluate the following.


A = {2, 4, 6, 7, 9, 12, 15}
B = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 15}
C = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16}
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

AUB
AUBUC
AB
ABC
A
(A U B)
(A B) C
(A U B) C

9.
10.Prepared by:
11.
12.
Ms. Rensie Vique F. Falculan
13.Instructor

You might also like