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Telecommunications Essentials: The Complete Global Source

This document provides a summary of the contents of the book "Telecommunications Essentials, Second Edition". It contains four parts that cover communications fundamentals, data networking and the internet, new generation networks, and wireless communications. The book examines topics such as transmission technologies, wired and wireless networks, broadband access, protocols, services and applications. It provides an overview of both traditional and emerging telecommunications topics.

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dereje
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© © All Rights Reserved
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119 views10 pages

Telecommunications Essentials: The Complete Global Source

This document provides a summary of the contents of the book "Telecommunications Essentials, Second Edition". It contains four parts that cover communications fundamentals, data networking and the internet, new generation networks, and wireless communications. The book examines topics such as transmission technologies, wired and wireless networks, broadband access, protocols, services and applications. It provides an overview of both traditional and emerging telecommunications topics.

Uploaded by

dereje
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Telecommunications

Essentials
The Complete Global Source
Second Edition

Lillian Goleniewski
Edited by Kitty Wilson Jarrett

AAddison-Wesley
Upper Saddle River, NJ Boston Indianapolis San Francisco
New York Toronto Montreal London Munich Paris Madrid
Capetown Sydney Tokyo Singapore Mexico City

Contents
About the Author

XXI

About LIDO

xxiii

Acknowledgments

xxv

Introduction: Understanding the Broadband Evolution

Part I

Communications Fundamentals

Chapter 1

Telecommunications Technology Fundamentals


Transmission Lines
Circuits
Channels
Lines and Trunks
Virtual Circuits
Types of Network Connections
; The Electromagnetic Spectrum and Bandwidth
The Electromagnetic Spectrum
Bandwidth
Analog and Digital Transmission
Analog Transmission
Digital Transmission

xxix

3
4
6
6
9
11
11
11
15
18
18
19

xi

xil

Contents

Chapter 2
\

Analog Versus Digital Transmission


Conversion: Codecs and Modems
Multiplexing
FDM
TDM
STDM
Intelligent Multiplexing
Inverse Multiplexing
WDM, DWDM, and CWDM
Political and Regulatory Forces in Telecommunications
Regulatory Background
The Policy and Regulatory Players
The Main Regulatory Issues
Internet Governance
Standards Organizations

20
20
23
26
26
27
28
30
30
33
34
34
35
36
37

Traditional Transmission Media

41

Twisted-Pair
Characteristics of Twisted-Pair
Categories of Twisted-Pair
Applications of Twisted-Pair
Analog and Digital Twisted-Pair
Advantages and Disadvantages of Twisted-Pair
Coaxial Cable
Characteristics of Coaxial Cable
Applications of Coaxial Cable
Advantages and Disadvantages of Coaxial Cable
Microwave
Characteristics of Microwave
Traditional Applications of Microwave
Advantages and Disadvantages of Microwave
The New Era of Microwave: Wireless Broadband
Satellite
Frequency Allocations of Satellite
Satellite Network Segments
Satellite Orbits
Applications of Satellite
Advantages and Disadvantages of Satellite /
Fiber Optics .
* Characteristics of Fiber Optics
Components of Fiber Optics
How Fiber-Optic Transmission Works
Innovations in Fiber Optics: EDFAs and WDM
Applications of Fiber Optics
Advantages and Disadvantages of Fiber Optics

44
44
45
47
47
50
51
52
53
53
54
55
56
60
60
61
63
65
66
70
72
73
73
74
76
77
78
79

xiii

Contents

Chapter 3

Chapter 4

Establishing Communications Channels

83

Establishing Connections: Networking Modes and Switching Modes


Networking Modes
Switching Modes
The PSTN Versus the Internet
PSTN Characteristics
Internet Characteristics
Converging Networks: Next-Generation Networks

83
84
86
100
100
101
101

The PSTN

103

The PSTN Infrastructure

103

Service Providers
Network Access
Access Services
Transport Services
PSTN Architecture
The Transport Network Infrastructure
The PDH Infrastructure
The SDH/SONET Infrastructure
Signaling Systems
SS7 Architecture
Intelligent Networks
AINs
SS7 and Next-Generation Networks
Next-Generation Networks and the PSTN

105
106
107
109
111
114
114
123
129
132
135
136
138
140

Part II

Data Networking and the Internet

143

Chapters

Data Communications Basics

145

The Evolution of Data Communications


Data Communications Architectures
Data Communications Traffic
Data Flow
The DTE, the DCE, the Transmission Channel, and the Physical Interface
Modems and Modulation
Simplex, Half-Duplex, and/Full-Duplex Data Transmission
Coding Schemes: ASCII, EBCDIC, Unicode, and Beyond
Transmission Modes: Asynchronous and Synchronous Transmission
Error Control
The OSI Reference Model and the TCP/IP Reference Model
The OSI Seven-Layer Reference Model
The TCP/IP Four-Layer Reference Model
The TCP Stack Versus the OSI Model

145
145
150
152
152
154
159
160
162
164
165
166
168
170

xiv

Contents

Chapter 6

Chapter 7

Chapter 8

Local Area Networking

173

LAN Basics
LAN Concepts and Benefits
LAN Components
LAN Characteristics
LAN Transmission Media
LAN Transport Techniques and Standards
LAN Access Methods
LAN Topologies
LAN Interconnection and Internetworking
Hubs
LAN Switches
VLANs
Bridges
Routers
IP Switches

173
174
175
176
176
177
182
185
187
187
189
191
192
194
198

Wide Area Networking

201

Circuit-Switched Networks
Networks Based on Leased Lines
Networks Based on ISDN
Packet-Switched Networks
X.25
Frame Relay
ATM
IP and ATM

203
203
212
215
219
221
229
238

The Internet and IP Infrastructures


Internet Basics

245
245

A Brief History of the Internet


What the Internet Is and How It Works
Internet Protocols
Internet Network Architectures
Internet Addressing and Address Resolution
Addressing and Routing Schemes
IPv4 Addressing
IPv6 Addressing
/
DNS };
Tht Organization of the Internet
The Evolution of the POP Architecture
Internet Challenges and Changes
Service Providers and Interconnection

247
251
254
264
268
269
271
275
280
284
285
289
291

Contents

xv

IP QoS
QoS Mechanisms
Queuing Mechanisms
The IP QoS Continuum
What's Next on the Internet
The Next-Generation Internet
The Interplanetary Internet
Internet-Enabled Devices
RFID Applications
SIP Telephony
Digital Objects and Libraries
The Semantic Web

295
295
296
299
303
303
304
305
305
306
306
306

Part III

The New Generation of Networks

309

Chapter 9

IP Services

311

The Evolution to IP Services


IPT
The IPT Evolution
The IPT Network
Standards for IP Voice
VoIP Call-Signaling Protocols
ENUM: Telephone Number Mapping
IPTV
IPTV Versus Streaming Media
The IPTV Architecture
VPNs
Key VPN Concepts
Types of IP VPNs
VPN Security

311
313
314
318
324
330
339
342
343
344
345
347
359
374

Next-Generation Networks
The Broadband Evolution

383
384

Chapter 10

Communications Traffic Trends


Communications Backbone Trends
Communications Bandwidth Trends
Communications Application Trends
Broadband Applications
Multimedia Networking Requirements
Digital Video
Television Standards

384
385
386
387
388
389
390
396

xvi

Contents

Chapter 11

The Broadband Infrastructure


Converging Public Infrastructures
Broadband Service Requirements
Next-Generation Networks and Convergence
Convergence in Different Industry Segments
Arguments for Convergence
Regulatory Effects on Convergence
Converging Public Infrastructures
Convergence in the Service Environment
The Next-Generation Network Infrastructure
The IP Multimedia Subsystem
The Next-Generation Network Architecture
The Multiservice Intelligent Edge
Quality of Service
The MPLS Architecture

409
410
410
411
412
414
414
415
416
418
420
425
432
437
445

Optical Networking

451

Optical Networking Today and Tomorrow


Drivers of Optical Networking
Network Reality Today
Bandwidth Abundance
End-to-End Optical Networking
Optical Line Amplifiers: EDFAs, Raman Amplifiers, and SOAs
WDM Equipment
OADMs
Optical Switches
Integrated Photonic Circuits
Optical Network Management
The Optical Edge
Next-Generation Digital Loop Carriers
PONs
MSPPs
The Optical Core: Overlay Versus Peer-to-Peer Networking Models
The Overlay Model
The Peer-to-Peer Model

451
452
453
456
456
457
458
463
464
469
470
471
471
472
472
473
476
478

The Overlay and Peer-to-Peer Models Compared


The IP+Optical Control Plane
,.
/
GMPLS ,. UNI
ASON
The Migration to Optical Networking

483
483
485
487
487
488

Contents

Chapter 12

xvii

Broadband Access Alternatives

489

Drivers of Broadband Access


DSL Technology
How DSL Works
Characteristics and Properties of DSL
HDSL
SDSL
G.SHDSL
ADSL
ADSL2
ADSL2+
ADSL2-RE
RADSL
VDSL
VDSL2
Cable TV Networks
HFC Architecture
Cable Modems and CMTSs
Cable Modem Standards
The Future of Cable TV Networks
Fiber Solutions
FTTx
PONs
Wireless Broadband
Broadband PLT
PLT Architecture
The Future of PLT
HANs
The HAN Market, Applications, and Elements
Types of HANs
HAN Gateways and Servers
Planning for the Future of HANs

489
492
493
494
499
500
501
503
505
506
507
507
508
508
509
510
512
513
521
522
523
525
529
530
530
532
534
535
536
544
544

Part IV

Wireless Communications

547

Chapter 13

Wireless Communications Basics

549

A Brief History of Wireless Telecommunications


Wireless Communications Regulations Issues
Wireless Impairments

550
553
554

xvlli

Contents

Chapter 14

Chapter 15

Antennas

556

Phased-Array Antennas
Magnetic Polarization Antennas
MIMO Antennas
Wireless Bandwidth
Wireless Signal Modulation
Single-Carrier Modulation Techniques
Multicarrier Modulation Techniques
Spectrum Utilization
Using the Available Radio Spectrum
Duplexing Techniques
Compression Techniques

557
558
558
560
560
561
562
563
563
575
576

Wireless WANs

579

1G: Analog Transmission


1G Analog Cellular Networks
1G Wireless Data Networks
2G: Digital Cellular Radio
GSM
UWC
cdmaOne
PDC
2.5G: Enhanced Data Services
HSCSD
GPRS
EDGE
GERAN
Messaging Services Standards
3G: Moving Toward Broadband Wireless
3G Standards
3G Deployment Issues
Beyond 3G
4G: Wireless Broadband
5G: Intelligent Technologies

581
581
583
586
588
590
590
592
592
593
593
595
596
596
597
599
609
611
612
614

W M A N s , WLANs, and WPANs

WMANs
BFWA ;
IEEE 802.16 (WiMax)
WiBro
IEEE 802.20 (Mobile-Fi)
ETSI BRAN
iBurst

'

618
619
621
626
627
628
630

Contents

Chapter 16

xix

Flash-OFDM
DMB
VF
WLANs
Wi-Fi
IEEE 802.1 lx Standards
WLAN Security
VoWLAN
The Integration of WLANs and Cellular Networks
Mesh Networks
WPANs
IEEE 802.15.1 (Bluetooth)
IEEE 802.15.3 (WPAN-HR and WPAN-AHR)
UWB
IEEE 802.15.4 (ZigBee)
RFID
NFC

632
634
636
638
640
642
646
648
651
654
660
661
664
665
670
674
683

Emerging Wireless Applications

687

The Handset Revolution

688

From Mobile Phones to Multimedia Handsets


Software-Defined Radio
Cognitive Radio
Mobile IP
The IP Multimedia Subsystem
Push-to-Talk
Presence-Based Services
Mobile Gaming
Mobile Game Categories
Mobile Game Platforms
Mobile Video
Mobile TV
DMB
DVB-H
ISDB
MediaFLO
*
Mobile Content

689
691
692
693
696
700
701
702
703
704
706
707
708
709
710
710
712

Glossary

715

Index

819

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