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Unit+7b Subordinate - Chart.EXTRA+THEORY

This document provides an overview of subordinate clauses in English, including their structure and examples. It covers various types of subordinate clauses such as time, place, reason, condition, relative, purpose, contrast, result, concessive, new information, similarity and comparison, generalization, and clarification. The document was adapted from several English grammar and usage sources and is intended for first year English studies students in 2011-2012. It lists the different types of subordinate clauses, their structures, examples, and reference pages from the source materials.

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Carmen Marcos Vicancos
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29 views

Unit+7b Subordinate - Chart.EXTRA+THEORY

This document provides an overview of subordinate clauses in English, including their structure and examples. It covers various types of subordinate clauses such as time, place, reason, condition, relative, purpose, contrast, result, concessive, new information, similarity and comparison, generalization, and clarification. The document was adapted from several English grammar and usage sources and is intended for first year English studies students in 2011-2012. It lists the different types of subordinate clauses, their structures, examples, and reference pages from the source materials.

Uploaded by

Carmen Marcos Vicancos
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LENGUA INGLESA II

1 Grado Estudios Ingleses 2011-2012


Lecturers: Drs. Juan Fco. Cerd, Manuel Cobarro and M del Mar Vilar

SUBORDINATE CLAUSE

STRUCTURES

EXAMPLES

Time

after, as (= at the same time), as soon as, before, by the


time, just as (= exactly at that moment), no sooner, on +
v-ing, since, until/till, when, while

As we walked home, we talked about what we would


have for dinner.
Ill call you as soon as he arrives.
Before you come in, please take off your shoes.
By the time you receive this postcard, Ill be back home.
Just as I sat down, the phone rang.
Lets wait until it stops raining.
Your daughter had left when you woke up.

6, 12, 25,
116, 120

Place

in the same place as, where, wherever

The restaurant where we had dinner was near the airport.


She always smiles wherever she goes.

94

Reason

as (= because), because, for, since, due to / owing to /


on account of

As Jane was the eldest, she looked after the others.


We didnt go out because it was raining.
Since we have plenty of time, lets go and have a coffee.
Sues success was due to her hard work.
Sue succeeded owing to her hard work.

21-22

116

Condition

as long as / on condition / provided (that) / providing


(that) / so long as (= on condition that), given that, if,
imagine, (just) in case, supposing / suppose / what if,
unless, whether or not

If I werent so busy all the time / If I could have come


along / If you had told me about the skiing trip
You can borrow my car as long as / so long as you
promise not to drive too fast.
Travelling by car is convenient provided that / providing
that you have somewhere to park.
Its always worth trying clothes on before you buy them in
case theyre too tight.
Keep the receipt just in case it doesnt fit you.
Lets not go for swimming. Suppose there are sharks.
Daddy, can I watch TV? Supposing you did your
homework first.
Im going to climb up there. No! What if you slipped?
Unless we leave now, well be late. Unless you have a
car, its difficult to get there.

6, 25

38-40, 114115

Relative

Who / which / that / what, whose / whom / where / why

I tried to help a child who / that was crying.


Is that the person who / whom you invited?
We had to throw out all the food which / that went off.

17, 26

92-96

Purpose

for, in order that, in order (not) to + inf, so as (not) to +


inf, so (that), (not) to + inf

This button is for starting the engine.


In order to buy a car / In order that he can buy a car
he needs to save money.
He spoke softly so as not to / not to disturb her wife.
The school closes earlier so (that) the children can get
home before dark.

21

64, 103, 114

Facultad de Letras
Departamento de Filologa Inglesa
Campus Universitario de La Merced. C/. Santo Cristo 1 - 30001 Murcia
T. 868 883 191 F. 868 883 185 www.um.es/dp-filologia-inglesa

OFC
Units

EGU
Units

LENGUA INGLESA II
1 Grado Estudios Ingleses 2011-2012
Lecturers: Drs. Juan Fco. Cerd, Manuel Cobarro and M del Mar Vilar

Contrast

all the same, even so, having said that, however, in


contrast, nevertheless, nonetheless (= despite that),
still, on the contrary, yet

Its cheap. However, I dont like it.


Ive never been abroad. In contrast, my sister has
travelled all around the world.
While we disliked each other, nevertheless we agreed.
His face was serious, but nonetheless very kind.
Mike lost his job six months ago and is still unemployed.
Mike lost his job six months ago and hasnt found another
job yet.

Result

accordingly, as a result, consequently, hence, in turn,


so, so (much/many) that, such + noun that,
therefore, thus

She has become a teacher. Accordingly, she must learn


how to teach appropriately.
Tom had a terrible accident. As a result, he couldnt walk
for six months.
There is too much homework to do. Hence /
Consequently, we must stay home.
The players were so excited that they ran round the field.
Such were her last words that everyone clapped.

21

102

Concessive

(al)though, despite (the fact that / noun / v-ing), even if/


though/when, in spite of, much as, whereas, while

Although its very late, I still want to go home.


The house isnt very nice. I like the garden though.
I didnt get the job despite having / the necessary
qualifications / the fact that I had the necessary
qualifications.
I bought the tickets even though they cost more than I
wanted to pay.
Im usually happy with the clothes I bring home, even if
they have been bought on impulse.
He never shouts, even when hes angry.
In spite of what I said yesterday, I still agree with you.
He speaks no English, whereas she speaks no French.
While not exactly loaded, I can afford it.

21-22

112-113

New Information

also, as well as, besides, furthermore, in addition,


moreover, on top of that, whats more, etc.

You can also add some further comments if you want.


Practice as well as sleep can help birds learn new songs.
Besides / Furthermore / Moreover, it may be possible to
bring your family with you.
In addition, at least 30 Iraqi security force members were
kidnapped by militia fighters.
You have to revise the first activity. And on top of that
you must copy the whole exercise.
Hes ugly, and whats more, he is very unkind.

Similarity & Comparison

as (= in the same condition as), as if, as though, (not)


as/so as, more/-er than, less than

She treated me as though I had been a stranger.


She looks as if she is getting better.

1, 4, 18

Facultad de Letras
Departamento de Filologa Inglesa
Campus Universitario de La Merced. C/. Santo Cristo 1 - 30001 Murcia
T. 868 883 191 F. 868 883 185 www.um.es/dp-filologia-inglesa

111

107, 117118

LENGUA INGLESA II
1 Grado Estudios Ingleses 2011-2012
Lecturers: Drs. Juan Fco. Cerd, Manuel Cobarro and M del Mar Vilar

Generalization

a certain, broadly speaking, by and large, generally


speaking, on the whole, to a large extent, to some
extent, etc.

By and large, the play was a success.


Broadly speaking, parents whose children were not at
grammar schools felt ill-treated.
Generally speaking, grammar does not appear to be a
popular subject.
On the whole, they have had a happy marriage.
To a large extent / To some extent the difficulties we
are facing now are caused by historic under
spending.

Clarification

anyway, as far as, at least, at any rate, as a matter of


fact, by the way, certainly, if only, in fact, incidentally,
indeed, etc.

Anyway, good to see you.


As far as I can tell, there is no news.
This papyrus traces back to at least 3000 years ago.
At any rate, the American party candidates suffered
national defeats in the general election.
As a matter of fact, I do have a university
degree.
By the way, today its my birthday.
Certainly, it will rain tomorrow.
Incidentally, outside our own culture, there are
still some aboriginal groups of people.
In fact, we havent seen that film yet.
Do you remember my grandmother? Indeed, I
do.

ADAPTED FROM:
Capel, A. & W. Sharp (2008). Objective First Certificate. Students Book. Cambridge: CUP.
Murphy, R. (2005). English Grammar in Use with Answers. A Self-study Reference and Practice Book for Intermediate Students of English.
Cambridge: CUP.
Swan, M. (1995). Practical English Usage. Oxford: OUP.
Vince, M. (1996). First Certificate Language Practice. London: Heinemann.

Facultad de Letras
Departamento de Filologa Inglesa
Campus Universitario de La Merced. C/. Santo Cristo 1 - 30001 Murcia
T. 868 883 191 F. 868 883 185 www.um.es/dp-filologia-inglesa

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