Defendant Corevalve, Inc.'s motion in limine to exclude argument regarding the doctrine of equivalents was denied, but Plaintiffs Edwards Lifesciences AG et al were ordered to file a supplemental expert report in the District of Delaware.
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Motion in Limine 2
Defendant Corevalve, Inc.'s motion in limine to exclude argument regarding the doctrine of equivalents was denied, but Plaintiffs Edwards Lifesciences AG et al were ordered to file a supplemental expert report in the District of Delaware.
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IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
FOR THE DISTRICT OF DELAWARE
EDWARDS LIFESCIENCES AG and
EDWARDS LIFESCIENCES LLC,
Plaintiffs,
v. C.A. No. 08-91-GMS
COREVALVE, INC.,
Defendant.
ORDER
1. OnFebruary 12, 2008, plaintiffs Edwards Lifesciences AG and Edwards Lifesciences LLC
(“Edwards”) filed this action for infringement against defendant CoreValve Inc. (“CoreValve”),
Presently before the court is CoreValve’s Motion in Limine No. 1 to Exclude Evidence and
Argument Regarding the Doctrine of Equivalents (D.I. 204). In its motion, CoreValve makes two
arguments in support ofits position that the court should “exclude any evidence or argument relating
to the doctrine of equivalents from trial.” First, CoreValve asserts that Edwards did not disclose a
substantive analysis of the doctrine of equivalents (“DOE”) for any claim limitation, as required by
the Federal Circuit case law; and second, that prosecution history estoppel precludes Edwards from
relying on the doctrine of equivalents, The court heard oral argument concerning the motion at the
final pre-tsial conference held on February 16, 2010. This case is currently scheduled for an eight-
day jury trial commencing on March 23, 2010. Having considered the instant motion and the
responses thereto, the court will deny CoreValve's motion, but will order Edwards to file a
supplemental expert report. The court’s reasoning follows.2. tthe outset, based upon CoreValve’s first argument, the court notes that it would act well
its discretion were it to grant the requested relief. ‘This is so because, in contravention of the
requirements of Fed. R. Civ. Pro. 26(2)(B)(i), the report of Edwards’ DOE expert, Dr. Nigel P.
Buller, fails to provide “a complete statement of [his] opinion {J ... and the basis and reasons [for
his opinion}.” (D.1. 210, Ex. F (sealed)). The court’s view in this regard is informed by the CAFC’s
requirements as to the quantity and quality of evidence that must be adduced by the party asserting
equivalent infringement, and who must be the proponent of that evidence. As the Federal Circuit
has held:
When the patent holder relies on the doctrine of equivalents, as opposed to
literal infringement, the difficulties and complexities of the doctrine require
that evidence be presented to the jury or other fact-finder through the
particularized testimony of a person of ordinary skill in the art, typically a
‘qualified expert, who (on a limitation-by-limitation basis) describes the claim
limitations and establishes that those skilled in the art would recognize the
equivalents.
AquaTex Indus. v. Techniche Solutions, 479 F.3d 1320, 1329 (Fed. Cir. 2007) (emphasis added),
Contrary to Edwards's assertions, such limitation-by-limitation analysis is necessary regardless of
whether the plaintiff is asserting equivalence under an “insubstantial differences” or a “fun
n,
way, result” test. See id. (“AquaTex, in response to the motion for summary judgment of
non-infringement, provided no particularized testimony from an expert or person skilled in the art
that . . . explained the insubstantiality of the differences between the patented method and the
accused product; or discussed the function, way, result test.”)
Curiously, in its opposition to CoreValve’s motion, Edwards claims that Dr. Buller provided
“a legally sufficient DOE analysis for all disputed claim limitations, based on the ‘insubstantial
Raymond L. Hall, and Quaker City Industries, Inc., A Corporation of New York v. U. S. Fiber & Plastics Corporation, A Corporation of New Jersey, 476 F.2d 418, 3rd Cir. (1973)
Santiago, Luis Matos and Santiago, Josephine H/W v. Johnson MacHine and Press Corp. and South Bend Lathe, Inc. and Amsted Industries Incorporated, 834 F.2d 84, 3rd Cir. (1987)