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Chapter 01 - Probability Distribution - Probability

This document provides an overview of topics in applied mathematics related to probability and probability distributions. It covers binomial distribution, Poisson distribution, and normal distribution. It includes examples of calculating probabilities of events using these distributions, as well as basic probability questions involving coins, dice, cards, and other scenarios. Formulas for calculating probabilities using binomial, Poisson, and normal distributions are also provided.

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418 views

Chapter 01 - Probability Distribution - Probability

This document provides an overview of topics in applied mathematics related to probability and probability distributions. It covers binomial distribution, Poisson distribution, and normal distribution. It includes examples of calculating probabilities of events using these distributions, as well as basic probability questions involving coins, dice, cards, and other scenarios. Formulas for calculating probabilities using binomial, Poisson, and normal distributions are also provided.

Uploaded by

aamirdalvi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Applied Mathematics

Chap. 1 Probability & Probability Distribution


1. Probability Distribution

1. Binomial Distribution

6 Marks

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

An Unbiased coin is tossed 6 times. Find the probability of getting 2 heads. (2mks)
W07/SQPg
An Unbiased coin is tossed 5 times. Find the probability of getting a head. (2mks) type W13/W09
An Unbiased coin is tossed 6 times. Find the probability of getting atleast 4 heads.( 2mks)W10,S11
A coin is tossed 3 times. Find the probability of getting exactly two tails.
( 2mks)S14
If two coins are tossed simultaneously, then find probability that at least one head appears.W12
A cubic die is thrown 4 times. What is the probability of obtaining at least one six.(2mks) Sqp
On an average 10% of the products manufactured by a certain machine are defective. If from
these products four are chosen at random, find the probability that:
i)
1 of them is defective. Ii) none
iii) at most 2 bolts will be defective W07/SQPg
8. If 20% of the bolts produced by a machine are defective, then determine the probability that out
of 4 bolts drawn,
i) One is defective.At the most two are defective. / ii) not more than 1 is defective. ., S11, W12,W13
1

9. The probability that a bulb manufactured by a company will be defective is10 . If 12 such bulbs are
manufactured, find the probability that
i)
Exactly 3 will be defective.
ii)
None will be defective.
W10
10. 10% of the components manufactured are defective. If 12 components are selected at random.
Find the probability that at least 2 will be defective.
S09/W10
3

11. On an average 10 electrical components in a packet are defective. If 4 items are selected at
random and tested, what is the probability that not more than one is defective?
12. The probability that a man aged 65 will live to 75 is 0.65. What is the probability that out of 10
men which are now 65, 7 will live to 75?
S14
13. Assuming that it is true that 2 in 10 industrial accidents are due to fatigue. Find the probability
that exactly 2 of 8 industrial accidents will be due to fatigue. (2mks)
S09/W08/S12
14. In 200 sets of Tosses of 5 fair coins in how many ways you can expect:
i)
At least two heads
ii)
At most two heads.
S08
Formula to be used:
. ()

(For Binomial Distribution)

Where: p = Normal probability of success.


q = Normal probability of failure = 1-p.
r = Questioned probability of success.
n = Questioned total probability.
2. =

.
!

At least
At most
Less than
More than

(For Poisson Distribution)


= kam se kam,
= zyada se zyada,
= Isse kam,
= Isse zyada,

M. Aamir Sir

woh aur uske upar chalega.


woh aur uske niche chalega.
(leaving this) iske niche chalega.
(leaving this) iske upar chalega.
900 40 5 1641

Chapter: 01 - 24 Marks

1. =

Applied Mathematics

Chap. 1 Probability & Probability Distribution

2. Poisson Distribution

4 or 8marks
3

1. If P (2) = P (3), Find P (5). (Given = 20. )


W10, S11
2. If 3% of the electric bulbs manufactured by a company are defective, find the probability that in a
sample of 100 bulbs: i) 5 bulbs are defective ii) At the most 2 bulbs will be defective.W12 S08/S12
3. If 2% of the electric bulbs manufactured by a company are defective, find the probability that in a
sample of 100 bulbs: i) 3 are defective ii) At least two are defective.
S14
4. If the probability of bad reaction from a certain injection is 0.001, determine the change that out
of 2000 individuals more than two will get a bad reaction (Given 2 = 7.3891).W09, S11,SQPg,S14
5. Assuming that probability of a fatal accident in a factory during the year is

7.
8.
9.

Calculate the

probability that in a factory employing 300 workers, there will be atleast two fatal accidents in a
year given that 0.25 = 0.7788.
W07
The number of road accidents met with by taxi drivers follows Poisson distribution with mean 2.
Out of 5000 taxis in the city, find the number of drivers:
i)
Who do not meet with an accident?
ii)
Who met with an accident more than 3 times? Given 2 = 0.8564.
W08
A firm produces articles of which 0.1 percent is defective, out of 500 articles. If wholesaler
purchases 100 such cases, how many can be expected to have 1 defective? ( 0.5 = 0.6065).S09
Using Poissons distributions find the probability that the ace of spades will be drawn from a pack
of well shuffled cards at least once in 104 consecutive trials.
W13 /Sqp
3
Fit a Poisson distribution to the set of observations.
(Given = 0.04974)
SQPg
X
0
1
2
3
4
F
30
82
64
92
86

3. Normal Distribution

1. Sacks of sugar packed by an automatic loader have an average weight of 100 kg with standard
deviation 0.250kg. Assuming normal distribution, find the chance of sack yet weighting less than
99.5kg. (S.N.V. area z=0 to z=2 is 0.4772).
S09
2. In a certain exam 500 students appeared. Mean score is 68 with S.D. 8. Find the no. of students:
i)
Scoring Less than 50.
ii)
Scoring more than 60
S08/W10
(Given that area between Z = 0 to Z = 2.25 is 0.4878 and area between Z = 0 and Z = 1 is 0.3413)
3. The mean intelligence level of a group of children is 60 with a S.D. of 20. Assuming that intelligence
level is normally distributed. Find the percentage of children with intelligence level over 100.
(Given area between z = 0 to z = 0.5 is 0.1915, Z2=0.4772)
Sqp/S12
4. In a sample of 1000 students the mean of a certain test is 14 and S.D. is 2.5 assuming distribution to
be normal. Find how many score: i) between 12 and 15 ii) above 18. (Given A(0.8) = 0.2881, A(0.4)
= 0.1554 and A(1.6) = 0.4452)
SQPg,W13
5. A factory manufactured 2000 electric bulbs with average life of 2040 hours and standard of 60
hours. Assuming normal distribution find the number of bulbs having life: a) Between 1920 hours
and 2160 hours b) more than 2150 hours. Given the area Z0 to Z = 1.83 is 0.4667, Z2=0.4772) S11
6. A sample of 1000 bulbs is distributed normally with mean life 1620 hrs and S.D. 300 hrs. Find the
number of bulbs which would die out after useful life of 900 hrs. (Area Z=2 .4 is 0.4918) W08

M. Aamir Sir

900 40 5 1641

Chapter: 01 - 24 Marks

6.

1
.
1200

Applied Mathematics

Chap. 1 Probability & Probability Distribution


2. Probability

- 2 & 8 Marks

1. Find a probability of getting atleast a head if coin is tossed twice.


2mk SQP/W10
2. If two coins are tossed simultaneously, then find the probability that,
i)
Both are heads
ii)
Atleast one tail appears
3. Three coins are tossed simultaneously. Find the probability of getting:
i)
All heads
iii)
All tails
ii)
Exactly two heads
iv)
Atleast 2 heads
W10
v)
At most 2 heads (Extra)
4. A die is tossed once. Find the probability of an event:
i)
Getting 3
ii)
Not getting 4
iii)
Odd number appears
(S12 2mks)
iv)
Prime number appears
v)
Number greater than 4
(W12 2mks)
5. If two dice are thrown; find the probability that the sum of score is 6 or 10.
S14
6. If two dice are thrown; find the probability that:
i)
The sum of two top numbers is an even number
ii)
The number on both dice are identical
iii)
The sum of numbers appearing on them is perfect square
iv)
The sum of the scores is divisible by 4.
7. A card is drawn at random from a well shuffled pack. Find the probability that it is a face card.-
8. A card is drawn at random from a well shuffled pack. Find the probability that it is:
i)
A black card
iii)
a club
ii)
Ace of hearts or diamonds
iv)
a diamond or a face card. (W12,S12- 2mks)
iii)
A king (W13 2mks)
9. Two cards are drawn at random from a well shuffled pack of 52 cards. Find the probability that
the cards drawn contain 1 kings & and 1 Queen of the same unit
(W12/S142mks)
10. A bag contains 7 white, 5 black and 4 red balls. Find the probability that
i)
A Ball drawn at random is red or black.
ii)
Two balls drawn at random are of some colour.
SQP, SQPg(type)2mks , W12, W13
11. In a college hostel there are 75 students, out of which 15 students like to drink tea, 40 like to
drink coffee and 20 like neither tea nor coffee. Two students come from this hostel to canteen.
Find the probability that both will order the same drink.
S11
12. Three machines I, II and III manufactures respectively 0.4, 0.5 and 0.1 of the total production.
The percentage of defective items produced by I, II and III is 2, 4 and 1 percent respectively. For
an item chosen at random, what is the probability it is defective?
SQPg
13. A room has 3 electric lamps. From a collection of 15 electric bulbs of which only 10 are good, 3
are selected at random and put in the lamps. Find the probability that the room is lighted by at
least one of the bulbs.
W13
1 3
1
14. A problem is given to three students A, B, C whose chances of solving it are 2 , 4 and 4
respectively. What is the chance that the problem is solved?
S14

M. Aamir Sir

900 40 5 1641

Chapter: 01 - 24 Marks

1. Basic Probability and Choosing (Drawing)

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