AllPlan Nemetchek 3d Tutorial 2005
AllPlan Nemetchek 3d Tutorial 2005
Allplan 2005
Step by Step
Advanced 3D
Advanced 3D
Contents
Contents
Before You Start........................................................................ 1
Requirements..........................................................................................................2
Feedback ..................................................................................................................2
Sources of Information .......................................................................................3
Documentation for Allplan 2005..............................................................................3
Additional Help ...............................................................................................................4
II
Contents
Allplan 2005
Advanced 3D
Contents
III
IV
Contents
Allplan 2005
Advanced 3D
Requirements
Allplan 2005
Requirements
This step-by-step guide assumes that you are familiar with and have
a working knowledge of Windows and Allplan 2005. It also assumes
that you are at ease with the drafting and architectural modules. The
essentials are described in the manual and in the online Help that
come with Allplan 2005.
For this reason, not every step of the exercises that follow is
described in detail.
Feedback
We are always trying to improve the overall quality of our program
documentation. Your comments and suggestions are important to us
and we welcome feedback on the manuals and on-line help.
Please do not hesitate to contact us to express criticism or praise
concerning the documentation. Feel free to contact us as follows:
Documentation
Nemetschek Technology GmbH
Konrad-Zuse-Platz 1
81829 Munich
Germany
Phone: (0 18 01) 75 00 00
Fax:
(0 18 01) 75 00 01
Email: [email protected]
Advanced 3D
Sources of Information
Documentation for Allplan 2005
The Allplan 2005 documentation consists of the following:
The online Help is the main source of information for learning
about and working with Allplan 2005.
While you work with Allplan 2005, you can get help on the
current function by pressing the F1 key, or activate
Whats This on the Standard toolbar and point to the icon on
which you require help.
The manual consists of three sections. The first section shows you
how to install Allplan 2005. The second section provides an
overview of basic concepts and terms as well as methods for
entering data in Allplan 2005. The third section contains a
tutorial which guides you step by step through the process of
designing a building - from the first line to walls, windows and
roof, and finishing with quantity takeoff operations, photorealistic images and animated sequences of the finished building.
The brochure New Features in Allplan 2005 provides
information on what's new in the latest version.
Each volume in the Step-by-Step series deals with a specific
concept or series of tools/modules in Allplan 2005 in detail. The
areas covered include data management, system administration,
geodesy modules, presentation tools, 3D modeling etc. These
guides can also be obtained from the Nemetschek training
department:
Nemetschek Deutschland GmbH
Campus Center Munich
Konrad-Zuse-Platz 1
81829 Munich
Germany
Phone:
Fax:
(0 18 01) 75 00 00
(0 18 01) 75 00 01
Sources of Information
Allplan 2005
Additional Help
Tips for efficient usage
The Help menu contains the Tips for efficient usage item. This topic
provides an overview of important tips and tricks.
User board
User board provided in our ServicePlus Portal: thousands of users
exchange their knowledge. Register now:
http://serviceplus.nemetschek.de
LineLetter
The LineLetter is a publication that appears several times a year. It is
sent in digital form free of charge to ServicePlus customers. The
LineLetter includes practical tips and tricks on all program areas.
Advanced 3D
Allplan 2005
Architecture toolbar
Draft flyout
Plan flyout
Edit flyout
CAD Navigator
Create flyout
Create II flyout
Modify flyout
Module-specific
tools
(here: Animation
module)
Basic tools
(always visible)
Text flyout
Roofs and Planes flyout
Architect. Components flyout
Architect. Openings flyout
Rooms flyout
Stairs flyout
Rafter Design flyout
3D Modification flyout
Advanced 3D
Allplan 2005
Advanced 3D
10
Allplan 2005
Advanced 3D
11
The next step is to define the cross-section of the arc. We will create
an ellipse here.
Move (Edit flyout) the ellipse and its auxiliary point to one
end of the parabola.
12
Allplan 2005
Tip:
Undo and
Redo
(Standard toolbar) let you
work quickly and easily. Doing
so means that you wont have
to start again from scratch in
the event that you need to
discard your design. Another
advantage is that the design
process can be reconstructed
for similar elements.
The 2D base data has now been entered. You can now convert the 2D
lines to 3D elements.
To convert 2D entities to 3D
1 Switch to the
2 Click
3D Modeling module.
Advanced 3D
13
There are now two 3D elements: ellipse and parabolic line. We will
now create a solid arc based on these two elements.
3 Viewports.
Axis of rot.
In
Plan View the rotated curve should only be visible as a
straight line. The arrangement of the elements should be visible in
isometric view.
4 Use
Polyline Sweep Solid (Create flyout) to create a solid
based on the two 3D lines. This polyline sweep solid is based on:
Path (the parabola in this example), and profile (the ellipse in this
example).
Click path for sweep solid:
Click parabola
Click profile for sweep solid: Click ellipse
Correct torsion for sweep solid: No
The 3D arc is now finished.
14
Allplan 2005
Hidden Line
Advanced 3D
15
16
Allplan 2005
ca. 1,0 m
3 Viewports.
3D Modeling module.
3 Click
2D Entities to 3D (Create II flyout). Here, too, the
elements you are converting are in the active drawing file.
4 Convert the polyline to a 3D element by enclosing it in a
selection rectangle.
The result is an element that you can further edit with the tools in
the
3D Modeling module.
Advanced 3D
17
Before modeling the edge of the roof, it is a good idea to draw a cube
on a separate drawing file that can serve as a simplified version of
the building structure. This will make the following actions clearer.
To draw a cube
1 To draw the
Box (Create flyout), activate a new drawing file,
select a different pen color and use the dimensions given below.
2 Set the drawing file with the box (cube) to reference mode and
activate the drawing file with the gravel stop.
18
Allplan 2005
In order to design a solid using the section outline of the gravel stop,
you need an additional 3D figure: the path. You should understand
the interplay between the profile and the path from the first example.
In this example we will create 3D figures based on open profiles.
We will begin by creating the path.
The outline of the attic now needs to be brought into the correct
position. Do this in
Plan View.
2
Advanced 3D
19
You can see the position of the elements in plan at the top; next
to it, you can see the displacement in the Z-direction in isometric
view.
3 The outline is still flat on the XY plane. Rotate the element using
Rotate 3D Elements (Modify flyout) by 90 about the X-axis
and note the sequence in which you enter the points while
defining the axis.
20
Allplan 2005
4 When the profile is placed correctly in space, you can create the
Polyline Sweep Solid (Create flyout):
To select the path, it is best if you use the
identify the four 3D lines.
Then identify the attic outline.
Bracket tool to
Advanced 3D
21
The path does not necessarily have to be a closed polyline. You can
also use this tool to check roofs with a single edge only like hip
roofs.
Even more complex shapes based on non-planar paths are
conceivable. Consider roofs that finish at different heights, for
example.
You can make it look even more realistic using the tools in the
Animation module (F4 key).
22
Allplan 2005
Advanced 3D
23
24
Allplan 2005
Advanced 3D
25
ca. 9.0 m
26
Allplan 2005
Front Elev.
2 Now use
Hidden Line Image, Wireframe (Tools menu) and
choose Hidden Line Image to File to generate a hidden line
image of the wall in this view.
Advanced 3D
27
To create pattern
1 Click
Try out different patterns and see what happens when you modify
it as you will see, by defining the pattern height and width, it is
possible to match the openings in the faade very accurately.
28
Allplan 2005
For this, however, you have to define the reference point (the
point where the pattern placement begins) yourself. In this
example it is to begin in the bottom left corner of the faade. In
the Reference point area, click Custom point and click the
desired point.
Make sure that the scale is set to Scale-based adjustment in
plan. This will ensure that the pattern display remains constant.
3 Activate
4 On the Dynamic toolbar, choose Multi and click in the wall (1).
Advanced 3D
29
30
Allplan 2005
6 Switch to the
7 Click
3D Modeling module.
Advanced 3D
31
We will now use the wall we designed at the beginning of this unit.
The 3D pattern will be placed on this wall.
However, dont place the line structures directly on the wall; instead,
keep a small distance of 2 to 3 cm in order to facilitate subsequent
edits. This will also make the graphic representation in isometric
view more appealing.
32
Allplan 2005
Advanced 3D
33
Cinemaxx in Hanover
Architect: Helmut Sprenger
34
Allplan 2005
Advanced 3D
35
To give the font a depth, draw freeform walls on the text (the text
now consists of individual lines).
3 Set the height of the wall so that its bottom level is flush with the
lower default reference plane and set the height of the wall to
10 cm also based on the lower reference plane.
4 Determine the wall points using the polyline entry tools and
Outline Auto-Detect (dialog line).
This tool can be used as the letters from the TrueType font you
converted to lines are hollow which means that connecting
polylines exist.
5 Choose Single on the Dynamic toolbar, zoom in on the first letter
and click within its outline (the outline has to be closed).
The large H is now a freeform wall.
36
Allplan 2005
6 Do the same with the other letters. Note the following with closed
shapes like o and e:
First click Multi on the Dynamic toolbar and design the first
wall within the outer polyline (1): the freeform wall will fill
out the entire outline.
Then, on the Dynamic toolbar, choose Minus. Check whether
Outline Auto-Detect (dialog line) is still active and then
click in the inner polyline (2): the wall within the inner
polyline will be deleted (3).
The following illustrates the steps from left to right.
Activate
3 Viewports (Window menu) to see the result in
perspective view.
Advanced 3D
37
3D Modeling module.
2 Click
Convert Elements (Create II flyout) and then Arch.
Elements to 3D.
3 Choose Convert elements from active drawing file and click OK
to confirm.
4
38
Allplan 2005
Advanced 3D
39
To create a cylinder
1 Switch to the
2 Click
3D Modeling module.
Plan View:
Click a point
80
0.5
1
Click a point in
Front Elev.
The cylinder will serve as the basis for new reference planes.
40
Allplan 2005
Architecture module.
Advanced 3D
41
All that remains is to move the plane cylinder onto the text.
42
Allplan 2005
Advanced 3D
43
5 Use
Convert Elements (Create II flyout) to convert these
architectural elements to 3D for further editing in the
3D Modeling module.
The result is a fully plane-independent element.
6 Rotate the text using
90 about the x-axis.
44
Allplan 2005
To see how the text looks even more realistically, draw a cylinder
and place it behind the text:
Advanced 3D
45
46
Allplan 2005
Technical college in
hringen
Architect: Gnter Behnisch
Advanced 3D
47
48
Allplan 2005
Advanced 3D
49
Architecture module.
5 Click
Modify Format Properties and change the format
properties of the planes.
For example, set the linetype to 9
and the line color to 1 (black).
50
Allplan 2005
Pair of planes 3
Pair of planes 2
Pair of planes 1
4 congruent points
4 planes -> invalid
Sliced object
2x2 planes -> valid
Advanced 3D
51
4 You can see the finished wall in isometric view (shown here as a
hidden line image and wireframe model).
52
Allplan 2005
Walls created in this manner can also have openings. But there are a
few special points to bear in mind.
The opening is locked to the top and bottom level using absolute
elevation values. As three pairs of reference planes are affected in
the wall, associating it with them would hardly be very useful.
Enter the other settings for the window as usual.
Advanced 3D
53
54
Allplan 2005
To splay a wall
1 Draw a
Wall (Architectural Components flyout) and use
Convert Elements (
3D Modeling module) to convert it to
3D.
Advanced 3D
55
2 Display it in
Front Elev. and use
Stretch Entities (Edit
flyout) to stretch one of its sides along the x-axis.
56
Allplan 2005
Advanced 3D
57
Research Center in
Gelsenkirchen
Architect: Uwe Kiessler
58
Allplan 2005
2 Switch to the
3D Modeling module.
3 Use
Convert Elements (Create II flyout) to convert the wall to
3D and display it in
Right Elev..
4 Rotate the element using
by -15 about the x-axis.
Advanced 3D
5 Switch to the
59
Architecture module.
7 Click
Modify Format Properties and change the format
properties of the planes. For example, set the linetype to 9 and
the line color to 1 (black).
60
Allplan 2005
These planes will serve as the framework for the posts in the faade.
Attach the top and bottom of the component to the upper and
lower reference plane respectively.
Advanced 3D
61
6 Use
Copy (Edit flyout) to copy the column twelve times in the
x-direction:
62
Allplan 2005
The vertical wall components have now been created. It now needs to
be filled out.
Advanced 3D
63
The outer corners of the planes shown as dashed lines form the
boundary of the new wall. Although the columns and glass elements
are congruent, the columns will have priority over the glass wall as
they have a higher priority rating.
64
Allplan 2005
3D Modeling module.
2 Click
Box (Create flyout) and define generous extents for it so
that it is larger than the wall. The top level of the element should
have an elevation of 0.
Advanced 3D
At this stage the glass elements in the new wall are only visible as
lines. In Animation mode, however, you can achieve surprising
effects:
To assign surfaces
1 Press the F4 key to open an animation window.
2 Click with the right mouse button in the background of the
animation window and, on the shortcut menu, choose Surface
Settings.
Tip: Experiment!
These are only suggestions
try out the various options
using different parameters
yourself!
65
66
Allplan 2005
Advanced 3D
67
68
Allplan 2005
Advanced 3D
69
70
Allplan 2005
Advanced 3D
71
2 Click
3 Select the Symbol library and the Project folder. This saves the
symbol in the current project.
4 Enclose the window outline in a selection rectangle. Click the
bottom left corner to define the symbols base point.
5 Select the Dumb symbol without snoop functionality setting.
72
Allplan 2005
There are no particular issues to bear in mind when you set the
height of the top and bottom level:
Advanced 3D
73
74
Allplan 2005
Advanced 3D
75
Besides the standard smart symbols for common window shapes that
you can insert when placing a window opening, you can also design
your own smart symbols.
76
Allplan 2005
Advanced 3D
77
78
Allplan 2005
Advanced 3D
79
80
Allplan 2005
Advanced 3D
81
2 Lock the eaves (1-4). Click the edges where the roof slopes are to
be applied (5+6).
The geometry of the pairs of planes is visible in isometric view:
With the height of the eaves set to 3.50 m this could easily be the
initial shape for a detached house with a completed attic.
82
Allplan 2005
2 Click
Freeform Wall (Create flyout). Associate the top and
bottom of the wall with the upper and lower reference plane so
that they are flush.
3 Activate
4 Design one freeform wall per pair of planes by first clicking in the
outline on the left (1) and then in the one on the right (2).
Advanced 3D
83
5 Click
Convert Elements (Create II flyout) and choose
Arch. Elements to 3D.
6 Activate the freeform walls which form the roof.
The next step is to display the object in elevation. This will serve as
the basis for entering the shape of the dormer in two dimensions.
2 Switch back to
Plan View and activate the drawing file with
the hidden line image only.
Tip: Draw temporary lines as
Construction Lines.
3 Use
Line and
Spline (Draft flyout) to draw the elevation
and front view beside each other as shown.
84
Allplan 2005
We will now design the dormer as a solid based on the two new
components: ridge line and dormer arc consisting of a spline and
straight baseline.
3D Modeling module.
2 Use
2D Entities to 3D (Create II flyout) to convert the lines to
3D elements.
As this requires discrete elements, press No when the system
prompts whether to merge them to a single 3D entity.
3
Advanced 3D
85
4 Rotate both elements ridge line and arc with horizontal line
about the x-axis. This axis is on the baseline in the drawing with
the elevation view. This ensures that the elements will assume the
correct height after they have been set upright in three
dimensions.
Delete (Edit flyout) all the 2D lines in the drawing file so that
you can see better.
The ridge line and arc are retained (shown here in isometric
view):
6 Now make the 3D roof object that you designed at the beginning
visible again. As you can see, the elements are not yet correctly
arranged in plan.
Move the elements in such a manner that
the dormer arc and ridge line lie correctly on the roof pane.
86
Allplan 2005
7 Now view the elements in front elevation. You may need to make
minor corrections in the x or z-direction.
8 Currently, the dormer consists of a 3D ridge line and 3D arc. You
can use
Polyline Sweep Solid (Create flyout) to have the
system generate a 3D object based on these elements.
9 All you need to enter is a path and a profile: The ridge line will
serve as the path while the arc will serve as the profile to be
swept along the path. Enclose the profile in a selection rectangle.
This ensures that both the arc and the horizontal line are selected.
Advanced 3D
87
Lines are displayed to show where the dormer and the roof pane
intersect.
88
Allplan 2005
Architecture module.
Modified planes are now available for the design of walls, roof,
windows in short, all the components required for creating this
building model.
Advanced 3D
89
You do not need to design a building to check the area details in this
small example. It is enough if you just create simple rooms that
cover the full extents of the attic.
To perform calculations
1 Switch to the first drawing file with the first roof model without a
dormer.
You will see how the system reacts in the case of roofs with
different designs.
2 Click
90
Allplan 2005
4 In both cases, draw the polyline for the room point by point as
shown. The position of the rooms is evident in isometric view.
5 Click
Area Calculation, Application (Rooms flyout) to see the
different area calculation options.
6 In subfolder 64 Floor Space, choose List 5 (Floor space
<TEXT1>), for example. Then select the roof without a dormer in
a selection rectangle.
The system will first show the different areas to be calculated in
the drawing file, graded by room height. The schedule contains
all the important information pertinent to the areas.
Advanced 3D
91
7 Now perform the calculation on the roof with the dormers. The
result is a list that is considerably different.
As you can see, modifying the roof frame not only let you change its
shape, but the area details updated, too.
92
Allplan 2005
Whether or not there is a dormer in the roof, you can use the same
approach to apply a
Roof Covering.
3 For each roof, enter the outline of the roof covering as you would
a normal polyline.
All you have to do is click two diagonally opposite points of the
roof and press ESC to finish entry. Thats all even in the case of
the roof with the dormer as the
Above the roof and dormer
frame setting ensures that the dormer frames are detected
automatically.
Advanced 3D
93
94
Allplan 2005
Advanced 3D
95
96
Allplan 2005
Telecommunications
Center in Barcelona
Architects: Bach + Mora
Advanced 3D
97
Start by designing a stair. This will serve as the base component for
the wall later. We will keep the straight stair in this example as
simple as possible and only add the treads and risers.
To design a stair
1 Click
Straight Flight (Stairs flyout). Use the dimensions given
in the sketch.
to access the
98
Allplan 2005
You can use this tab to set the pen and linetype in 2D; the
settings for the display in 3D space are defined on the Geometry,
3D tab.
Advanced 3D
99
3 Switch to the Geometry, 3D tab. You can set a different pen and
linetype for each of these components in 3D, select a material and
you can even assign custom surfaces for display in animation
mode.
100
Allplan 2005
4 On the Geometry, 3D tab, first click the Stair Tread button (this
is where you can also define the Nosing) and then click the Riser
button. We will define the parameters for the components that are
relevant in this example in separate dialog boxes.
Use the values shown in the figures below.
Advanced 3D
101
3D Modeling module.
2 Click
Convert Elements (Create II flyout) and then Arch.
Elements to 3D.
3 The easiest way to select the elements is in a selection rectangle.
102
5 Switch to the
Allplan 2005
Architecture module.
6 Click
3D to Planes (Create II flyout) and convert the 3D
element to architectural planes.
7 Click
Modify Format Properties and change the format
properties of the planes. For example, set the linetype to 9 and
the line color to 1 (black).
Advanced 3D
103
Absolute
height
Upper
plane
The value selected for the wall thickness is small. This is so that
we can erect a glass panel as the wall on the stair.
104
Allplan 2005
2 Place the wall so that it is flush with the edge of the dashed
planes. The new component must be completely within these
planes.
The walls offset direction is important!
Advanced 3D
105
Does the joint between the bottom of the wall and the stair need to
be continuous? On the vertical edges, too?
Then use
Stretch Entities (Edit flyout) to stretch the points in the
planes shown in the illustration. Do this before drawing the wall:
dX = -1 cm
106
Joint is horizontal
Allplan 2005
Joint is continuous
Surface Settings
Setup Lights
Advanced 3D
107
Exercise 10:
The Ramp and the Trick with the Stairs
Ramps are a necessary part of buildings for access to underground
parking. They are also often used instead of elevators for the
disabled, serving as design elements as can be seen in famous
museums, for example.
The following example shows how to design a garage ramp based on
a spiral stair. Here, too, we show how a wall can be adapted to the
component above or below it.
108
Exercise 10: The Ramp and the Trick with the Stairs
Allplan 2005
Stair Design
Spiral Stair.
Click a point
Radius:
5.00
This defines the inside radius.
Start angle:
0
Delta angle:
90
The ramp will describe a quarter circle.
Radius:
8.50
The outer radius is required here. This will result in a lane
width of 3.5 m.
The outline of the stair is already displayed on screen. Additional
parameters are set on the Context toolbar.
The component will be 1.2 m high. This means that the ramp will
have a slope of about 15%.
2 After clicking the Sides button you can define the number of
segments in the arcs.
3 By default, the radius of the flight of stairs is calculated 50 cm
from the inside edge. Here, the line of travel has been placed in
the center of the lane. Confirm these values.
Advanced 3D
109
110
Exercise 10: The Ramp and the Trick with the Stairs
Allplan 2005
Advanced 3D
111
112
Exercise 10: The Ramp and the Trick with the Stairs
Allplan 2005
3D Modeling module.
3 Click
Convert Elements and then Arch. Elements to 3D.
Enclose the ramp in a selection window.
4 Join these elements using
5 Switch to the
6 Click
Union.
Architecture module.
3D to Planes.
Advanced 3D
113
7 Click
Modify Format Properties and change the format
properties of the planes. For example, set the linetype to 9 and
the line color to 1 (black).
Wall B
Wall A
114
Exercise 10: The Ramp and the Trick with the Stairs
Allplan 2005
Curved Wall.
1
2
3
4
Advanced 3D
115
116
Exercise 10: The Ramp and the Trick with the Stairs
Allplan 2005
Advanced 3D
117
118
Allplan 2005
1 Press and hold down the ALT key and click in the workspace with
the left mouse button.
The QuickSketch Mode dialog box appears.
2 Click 2D QuickSketch.
Advanced 3D
119
3 Press and hold down the ALT and CTRL keys and draw a circle
with the left mouse button (without releasing the mouse button!).
The freehand line becomes a circle as soon as you release the ALT
and CTRL keys.
4 Now draw lines that intersect the circle as shown below. The
system creates a straight line based on the freehand symbol.
120
Allplan 2005
Quick edit
We will now revolve the straight line about a point within the circle
and make 24 copies at the same time.
2 Activate the line, click the center of rotation and specify the
number of copies (24 in this example). Accept the delta angle
proposed by the system (as the system calculates the angle based
on the division of a full circle by the number of elements). This
will ensure that the lines are distributed evenly over 360.
Advanced 3D
121
Next, we will modify the lines in such a way that they end on the
circle. In other words, we will delete protruding segments.
To cut elements
1 Switch to the
2 Click
Draft module.
This tool first cuts all the lines at the point where they intersect
the circle.
122
Allplan 2005
Advanced 3D
123
2 Click
Wall (Architectural Components flyout) and then
Entity-based Wall.
3 Set the following parameters:
Thickness of wall
Component height
Height of bottom level
0.30 m
3.00 m
0.00 m
4 Click the start and end point of the spline (1+2). Check the walls
offset direction!
124
Allplan 2005
Now use this method to create components based on the radial lines.
These will serve as the roof structure over the wall.
0.12 m
0.20 m
3.20 m
Advanced 3D
125
Animation
Studies like these can be used to replace the working model in a lot
of cases in particular, because the effects of the design in three
dimensions can very easily be verified in Animation mode. Changes
and what-if scenarios are thus very easy to visualize.
To open the
F4 key.
126
Allplan 2005
Advanced 3D
Customized designs
Various rendered images
including reflection,
transparency, lighting and
shadows
127
128
Allplan 2005
Approach
Start by drawing a base plate. If you want, you can open a drawing
file with a site plan in reference mode and use it as the basis.
Based on this plate you model some steps in the terrain which are to
serve as rows of seats and create a stage. Then you add customized
walls, steps and other design elements to the model.
Advanced 3D
129
3 Viewports.
Plan View,
130
Allplan 2005
3D Modeling module.
Box.
Advanced 3D
131
To model intuitively
1 Press and hold down the ALT key and click in the workspace with
the left mouse button.
The QuickSketch Mode dialog box appears.
2 Click Create 3D Object.
3 Select a suitable color (Format toolbar), press and hold down the
ALT key and the left mouse button and draw the outline of the
first step in the terrain, which is to serve as a row of seats.
4 Release the ALT key and the left mouse button and enter the
Height of the step (= height of the seats) in the dialog line:
0.5 m
132
Allplan 2005
5 Repeat steps 3 and 4 and draw two additional steps in the terrain
at the same height. Always begin within the outline of the step
you created last.
The program then determines the height of the already created 3D
object. The height you have entered for new object is added to the
height of the existing object, and consequently, the new object is
placed above the existing one.
Advanced 3D
133
6 Now you create the stage, which is to be 0.5 m deep in the base
plate. Press and hold down the ALT key and click in the
workspace with the left mouse button.
The QuickSketch Mode dialog box appears again.
Tip: You can use the Slope
and Pierce 3D Surface option
to assign a slope of 45 to the
edges.
134
Allplan 2005
8 Press and hold down the ALT key and the left mouse button and
draw the outline of the stage.
9 Release the ALT key and the left mouse button and enter the
Height of the stage in the dialog line:
-0.5 m
This creates the stage in the base plate.
Advanced 3D
135
11 Select a suitable color (Format toolbar), press and hold down the
ALT key and the left mouse button and draw the outline of the
wall.
Release the ALT key and the left mouse button and enter the
Height in the dialog line: 2.5 m
136
Allplan 2005
12 Now draw a curved wall on the top step in the terrain.
Tip: When you press and hold
down the CTRL key in
addition to the ALT key, you
will obtain round or
rectangular openings.
Advanced 3D
137
14 Activate Pierce 3D Surface and switch to plan view.
Press and hold down the ALT and CTRL keys and draw some
rectangular treads that are to be 0.25 m deep in the terrain and
base plate.
Note: Make sure that you start drawing the outline of the step
within the solid which is to be cut out (see arrows in the
illustration below). The system always makes the hole within
the solid where you start sketching.
138
Allplan 2005
15 The top of the curved wall does not need to be planar. Rather, it
is to be given a customized outline. To achieve this, click Stretch
3D Surface and start by increasing the walls height.
16 Switch to isometric view, press and hold down the ALT key and
click one of the top surfaces in the wall. Do not release the left
mouse button and draw a line upward (see below).
The entire top surface is stretched, and consequently, the wall is
heightened.
Advanced 3D
139
18
19 If you want, you can now experiment with the sketching tools.
Try out different design studies. For example, you can modify the
terrain, add columns, ....
Finally, you can integrate the small theater in a volume module.
The result might look like this:
140
Allplan 2005
Advanced 3D
Appendix 1: 3D Modeling
141
Appendix 1: 3D Modeling
Based on a lamp, which is used as an example, you can
use the following chapter to deepen your knowledge in
three-dimensional modeling.
This appendix is provided so that you can reproduce
what you have learnt and return to points of interest.
You should already be familiar with the basic concepts.
For this reason, not every step is described in detail.
142
Allplan 2005
Advanced 3D
Appendix 1: 3D Modeling
143
3D Modeling module.
Basic 3D elements
The following basic 3D elements are available: 3D line, various
surfaces of different shapes and basic solids like box, sphere and
cylinder.
Cylinder
Cylinder
Center:
Click in the workspace as you please.
Number of corners: 36
Radius:
Enter the radius as a numerical value, for
example: 0.04.
This defines the base of the cylinder. As even round 3D elements
consist of straight lines, the value you enter for the corners defines
the number of segments in the cylinder: the more the number of
lines, the smoother the cylinder.
Tip: Activate 3 Viewports to
enter the cylinder. This way,
you can easily tilt the base of
the cylinder if desired.
Height
0.175
In this example, you will not tilt the base of the cylinder.
Consequently, it is in the xy plane.
If the base is not parallel to the xy plane, you can control this by
defining an edge point. If the height values of the edge point and the
center differ, the base is inclined. Edge points are best defined in
isometric view.
144
Allplan 2005
Advanced 3D
Appendix 1: 3D Modeling
145
Rectangular surface
The top and bottom surfaces of the cylinder are to be inclined. For
this, start by creating a temporary rectangle that is parallel to the
xy plane:
Rectangular Surface
Define the rectangle by clicking two diagonally opposite corners. In
this example, it is to circumscribe the base of the cylinder. When you
use the linear snap tool (with the middle mouse button when
Conventional is enabled in Global Options Settings tab Middle
mouse button assignment or by means of CTRL + left mouse button
when Windows-compliant is enabled in Global Options Settings
tab Middle mouse button assignment), the left edge of the
rectangle will touch the cylinder. To do this, it is best to activate the
following view:
Front Right Iso.
Editing 3D elements
Moving 3D elements
The rectangle and the base of the cylinder still have the same height.
Now move the rectangle by 17.5 cm in the z direction:
Move
Rotating 3D elements
Rotate
146
Allplan 2005
Slicing 3D elements
Slice
First click the cylinder. The slicing plane is defined by three points or
by two points and an edge.
In this example, the rotated 3D rectangle is very useful as it contains
all the information that is required. All you need to do is click the
three corners (1+2+3).
Delete the rectangle and the section of the cylinder you just cut off.
Mirroring 3D elements
Switch to elevation view to mirror the modified cylinder. Click
Mirror and Copy
Select the cylinder. The cylinders base line is the mirror axis (1+2).
Advanced 3D
Appendix 1: 3D Modeling
147
148
Allplan 2005
First draw the plan view of the holder as a simple outline using the
tools in the Draft module (see illustration on the left). Then draw the
section through the holder including the material thickness as shown.
Define the diameter so that it is somewhat larger than the outer
diameter of the existing pipe.
When you are finished with the design, you can convert the 2D
elements to 3D.
To do this, the 3D Modeling module contains the
2D Entities to 3D tool (Create II flyout).
Advanced 3D
Appendix 1: 3D Modeling
149
In the next step, the outline is set upright. Define the axis of rotation
as shown below, and enter a rotation angle of 90.
Path
Outline
Axis of rotation
150
Allplan 2005
Now, all that remains is to join the two parts. Switch to plan view
and move the glass cylinder onto the holder. Correct the height of
the element in elevation view.
The finished lamp is 35 cm high. If you want, you can now modify
the lamp with just a few mouse clicks, and the result will be a lamp
(height: 70 cm) with two holders.
Modifications
Stretching entities
You can quickly and easily lengthen the solid using the
Stretch Entities tool. Switch to elevation view and click
Stretch Entities
In this case, each end of the glass cylinder is lengthened by 17.5 cm
(1+2). The holder is not affected by this operation.
The next step is to move the holder by 6 cm in the z direction (3):
Move
Delta Point
Advanced 3D
Appendix 1: 3D Modeling
151
Useful aids
As orientation in 3D space can sometimes be difficult, Allplan 2005
provides a number of different options for marking relevant points.
The section that follows briefly introduces three tools.
Think of the following situation: a 3D line pierces a surface - you
can mark the exact point of intersection using the following tool:
Intersect Line/Plane
The following two tools play an important role when it comes to
designing details like node points of railing, for example:
Surfaces Center, Center of Gravity
152
Allplan 2005
Advanced 3D
153
154
Allplan 2005
Ghorfa
Storehouse, Medenine, Tunisia
Advanced 3D
155
Based on this data, the system will initially create a basic stair design
that can be modified to your specific needs.
To create a stair, go to the
Stair Design module.
156
Allplan 2005
After you have entered these four points, a Context toolbar appears
so that you can define the position of the stair's line of travel by
entering the offset to a reference stringer. In addition, specify the
height and confirm your entry.
Advanced 3D
157
Now you can adapt the stair to your needs and requirements by
modifying its parameters. In this example, accept the parameters
proposed by the system.
All these values can be changed; please note that they are mutually
dependent i.e., changing one setting causes another to update
accordingly.
If, for example, you modify the number of steps, the values for the
rise and tread are adjusted automatically. The system always
attempts to create the stair according to the tread-to-riser ratio. But
you can also change this value if you want to create special stair
designs, for example.
The definition of the last step is important: You can specify whether
the top step is to be at the same height as or one rise below the top
of the flight. You can do this in the Top Step field.
Click
158
Allplan 2005
You can use the other parameters presented on this tab to define how
the stair is to be displayed in 2D. For example, you can set a
different pen and linetype for each of these components in 2D. In
addition, every component can be assigned its own layer.
Make the relevant settings (see above).
Advanced 3D
159
160
Allplan 2005
Advanced 3D
161
Financial institution in
Paris, France
Architects:
Pierre Merz
Dominique Leverd
Bruno Lestiboudois,
Paris
162
Allplan 2005
Getting ready
Drawing the floor plan
Open an empty drawing file, activate the
select the
Wall.
Properties and set the parameters as shown:
Advanced 3D
163
Curved Wall.
164
Allplan 2005
The bottom level of the wall is to be flush with the lower plane. The
top level should be set at an offset of 12 cm from the upper plane as
the slab is 12 cm thick.
In the Wall dialog box, enter a value of 11.5 cm for the thickness of
the wall and select a hatching style for brick walls.
When you have made all the necessary settings, you can now create
the curved wall. It is to be placed in the middle of the towers room.
Check the wall's offset direction and, if necessary, change it.
Advanced 3D
165
Drawing beams
The slab is not to cover the full extents of the towers first floor.
Consequently, beams are required. Later, you will create a floor slab
and place it on these beams. This slab will serve as a gallery.
Start by creating the beams:
Walls, Openings, Components
Downstand Beam, Upstand Beam
First, set the height. Have a look at the following sketch: the bottom
level of the component should be set at an offset of 30 cm from the
lower plane. Enter 18 cm for the height of the component and 12 cm
for the width of the beam.
After you have defined the other parameters, you can start placing
the beams. Beams are basically designed in the same way as walls.
Place the start and end point and specify the offset direction. Use the
reference point to define the dimensions precisely.
166
Allplan 2005
Tip: In
Global Options,
you can configure the
program to automatically
display all the elements in
reference drawing files using
a different color.
First enable
Construction Line mode and create a small draft
consisting of lines and a spline or arc. Then disable Construction
Line mode again and select the
Slab tool.
Define the height association:
The slab is 12 cm thick and the top of the slab needs to be flush with
the upper plane.
Advanced 3D
167
Next, enter the outline of the slab as you would a normal polyline:
Start by entering the corners of the slab (1+2). Then click the front
edge of the curved wall (3), which is usually detected automatically
by the program (if it isnt, choose Entire Element on the Dynamic
toolbar). When you have defined the last corner, press ESC.
This completes the slab. In this example, the beams are shown as
dashed lines so that you can see better.
168
Allplan 2005
Slab opening
Now you create the hole for the spiral stair.
Here, too, it is best to use construction lines. Draw an arc that
exactly matches the line on the inside of the curved wall (a).
Use the
Parallel Lines
tool to create a second construction line (b) at an offset of 0.9 m.
Finally, join the two arcs with lines (c+d).
Advanced 3D
Activate
Outline Auto-Detect (dialog line) and click inside the
polygon that has been created in construction line mode.
The slab opening is inserted immediately.
169
170
Allplan 2005
The shape of the stair is already defined by the two arcs representing
the stringers and the two lines representing the bottom and top of
the stair. Open an empty drawing file (make it current) and select
Spiral Stair
Tip:
Alternative: The arcs center
can also be determined based
on the point where the two
lines representing the bottom
and top of the stair intersect:
First enter the center of the two arcs (1). This point should still be
visible (design in construction line format). Next, define one of the
stringers by specifying the radius (2) and selecting the start and end
points of the arc (3+4).
Make sure that the delta angle describing the arc is applied in a
counter-clockwise direction. The second stringer is defined by the
radius (5).
Point of Intersection
Advanced 3D
171
If necessary, enter values to correct the radii and the line of travel.
Open the Stair Components dialog box, select the Geometry, 3D tab
and activate the Tread, Riser and Outer Handrail check boxes as the
stair is to consist of treads and risers with nosing and a customized
handrail.
172
Tip: Click
Hidden Line
Image, Wireframe and
increase the value for the
maximum angle (Adjacent
edges area). The handrail is
thus displayed more
smoothly.
Allplan 2005
Accept the settings in the Riser dialog box and finish designing the
stair.
Advanced 3D
173
174
Allplan 2005
Advanced 3D
175
All the components stair tread and risers, stringers, handrail can
be set on an individual basis.
In addition, the Stair Outline Context toolbar provides a number of
options that you can use to adapt the stair to your needs and
requirements:
Set skew angle
You can change the angle between individual steps:
176
Allplan 2005
Lock the stair when you have made all the necessary settings.
Elevation
Plan view
Isometric view
Advanced 3D
177
Start by entering the outline of the stair. Bear in mind that the first
and last point define the bottom of the stair. Use the dimensions
given in the sketch (1-8).
178
Allplan 2005
Advanced 3D
179
180
Allplan 2005
Advanced 3D
Index
181
Index
2
2D sketching tool 118
2D to 3D 12
3
3D cutting (sketching tool) 136
3D line 18
3D modeling
intuitively 131
3D modeling, in detail 141
3D objects
converting to planes 40
3D QuickSketch 131
basic rules 130
creating 3D object 131
cutting 3D 136
piercing 3D surface 133
stretching 3D surface 138
3D sketching tool
creating 3D object 131
piercing 3D surface 133
A
animation 65
architectural elements
converting to 3D 37
area calculation 90
assign surface 65
B
basic settings 6
dynamic toolbar 6
reference scale 6
toolbars 6
unit of length 6
box 17
C
center of gravity 151
composite element 27
convert line to wall 124
convert pattern to 3D element 29
converting
2D entities to 3D 12
converting elements
3D to planes 40
architectural elements to 3D
37
copying
mirroring 146
creating 3D object (3D sketching
tool) 131
curved wall 114, 162
cut with element 121
cylinder 143
D
defining parameters 157
delta point 150
design entities
converting to 3D 12
dormer 80
dynamic toolbar 6
E
ellipse 11
entity-based wall 123
F
freeform wall 35
freehand line 118
function 9
G
galleries 165
glass faade 57
glass in animation 65
I
intersect line/plane 151
intuitive modeling 131
L
lists/schedules 53
182
Index
Allplan 2005
3D elements 146
slicing 3D elements 146
sloping wall 47
smart symbol designer 75
Sources of information
training, coaching and project
support 5
spiral stair 108, 161, 168
splaying of wall 54
spline-based wall 123
stairs 155
component overview 158
free-form 171
label 160
modifying 160
moving auxiliary points 174
moving points on outline 173
section in plan 160
skew angle 172
spiral stair 161
straight flight 156
stepped wall 103
stretch 3D surface (sketching
tool) 138
stretch entities 150
subtracting and removing solid
147
surfaces center 151
O
online help system 3
outline auto-detect 35
P
parabola 9
parallel lines 167
piercing 3D surface (sketching
tool) 133
polyline 16
polyline sweep solid 13, 149
Q
quantity takeoff 53
R
ramp 108, 175
rectangular surface 145
reference scale 6
resizing 151
roof covering 92
roof frame 81
room 89
rotate 3D elements 13
rotating
3D elements 13, 145
S
sketching tool
2D 118
3D 131
cut 3D 136
stretch 3D surface 138
skew angle 172
slab opening 167
slab recess, opening 167
slabs 165
slicing
T
toolbars
architecture 6
basic tools 6
dynamic 6
U
union 87
unit 6
unit of length 6
useful aids 151
u-type stair 175
W
wall 162
creating based on a spline 123
curved wall 114
entity-based wall 123
sloping 47
Advanced 3D
Index
splaying 54
stepped 103
wall opening 52
custom outline for opening 71
smart symbol designer 75
walls
creating based on lines 124
183
window
custom outline for window 71
window opening 52
windows
smart symbol designer 75
wireframe model 34
184
Allplan 2005