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Modelling The Model

This document discusses various modeling methods for multi-storey buildings subjected to seismic loads. It covers classical, approximate and computer-based modeling methods including the direct stiffness method and finite element method. It provides details on modeling frame structures, shear walls, beam-column joints, dual systems, infills, and rigid floor modeling. It also discusses modeling of different structural systems like flat slabs and tube structures. The document is intended as a training presentation on modeling and analysis of multi-storey buildings for seismic design.

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vijaykumarz
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
36 views

Modelling The Model

This document discusses various modeling methods for multi-storey buildings subjected to seismic loads. It covers classical, approximate and computer-based modeling methods including the direct stiffness method and finite element method. It provides details on modeling frame structures, shear walls, beam-column joints, dual systems, infills, and rigid floor modeling. It also discusses modeling of different structural systems like flat slabs and tube structures. The document is intended as a training presentation on modeling and analysis of multi-storey buildings for seismic design.

Uploaded by

vijaykumarz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 7

6/4/2014

New Delhi,

Indo-Norwegian Training Programme

2628 May 2014

Seismic Design of Multi-Storey Buildings:

MODELLING METHODS

IS 1893 vs. Eurocode 8

MATHEMATICAL MODELLING

PresentationVII:

ModellingandAnalysisof
Multistorey Buildings

CLASSICAL
METHODS

APPROXIMATE
METHODS

COMPUTER BASED
METHODS

DIRECT STIFFNESS
METHOD

FINITE ELEMENT
METHOD

YogendraSingh,Ph.D.
Professor,DepartmentofEarthquakeEngineering
IndianInstituteofTechnologyRoorkee
www.iitr.ac.in

MODELLING OF FRAME
STRUCTURE

COMPUTER BASED MODELLING


Structure is considered as assemblage of
members and elements
Stiffness matrix of each member elements
is obtained
Stiffness matrices of various elements are
assembled using compatibility
System of linear equations is solved

STIFFNESS MATRIX OF FRAME


MEMBER
EA
L

0
S EA

12 EI Z
L3

6 EI Z
L2

12 EI Y
L3

GI X
L

6 EI Z
L2
12 EI Z
L3
0

6 EI Z
L2

12 EI Y
L3

4 EI Y
L

6 EIz
2
L

6 EI Y
L2

EA
L

6 EI Y
L2

12 EI Y
L3

GI X
L

0
12 EI Z
L3

6 EI Y
L2

EA
L
0

0
0

6 EI Y
L2

4 EIz
L

6 EI Y
L2

12 EI Z
L3

2 EI Y
L

0
0

6 EIz
2
L

6 EIz
L2

2 EIz
L

GI X
L

6 EI Y
L2
0

2 EI Y
L

12 EI Y
L3

6 EI Y
L2

0
6 EI Y
L2

GI X
L

4 EI Y
L

0
6 EI Z

L2
0

2 EIz

L
0

6 EIz
2
L
0

4 EIz
L

MODELLING OF SHEAR WALL


4

2
1

EA
L

12EI
0
L3

6EI
0
1
L2
S
(1 ) EA
0

12EI
0
3

6EI
0

L2

(4 )

EI
L

0
6EI
L2
EI
(2 )
L

0
EA
L
0
0

12EI
L3
6EI
2
L

6EI
2

L
EI
(4 )
L

12 EI
L2 GAR

6/4/2014

MODELLING OF FINITE SIZE OF


JOINTS

MODELLING OF COUPLED
SHEAR WALLS

S H T S H

A'

A
aL

B'
cL

1
0
H
0

0
0
0 1 bL

0 0 1

dL 0
1 0

bL

MODELLING BEAM COLUMN


OFFSET

MODELLING BEAM COLUMN


OFFSET

MODELLING OF BEAM-COLUMN
JOINTS

STIFFNESS OF RC MEMBERS
RC Member

Eurocode-8 (2004)

Non-prestressed Beam

0.3EcIg

Columns with design gravity loads


0.5Agfc
Columns with design gravity loads
0.3Agfc

0.7EcIg
0.5EcIg

Linear interpolation

Rigid beam end zones with the


column flexibility extending to the
joint centerline

Rigid column end zones with the


beam flexibility extending to the
joint centerline

50% of the end zones of both beam


and column within the joint extents
are rigid

Columns with design gravity loads


0.1Agfc or with tension
Beam-column joint with

M
M

Beam-column joint with


0.8

(a)

(b)

(c)

Beam-column Joint Model as per ASCE/SEI-41 Supplement-1 (2007)for Effective


Stiffness, when Ratio of Flexural Strength of Columns and Beams Framing into
Joint is: (a) 0.8, (b) in between 0.8 and 1.2, and (c) greater than 1.2.

Beam-column joint with

M
M

0.3EcIg

0.8

M
M
c

ASCE/SEI-41 Supplement-1
(2007)

1.2

1.2

where, Ec is Modulus of elasticity of concrete, Ig is moment of inertia of gross concrete section, Ag is


gross cross sectional area, fc is compressive strength of concrete, Mc and Mb are nominal flexural
strength of column and beam, respectively.

6/4/2014

MODELLING OF DUAL SYSTEMS

MODELLING OF IN-FILLS

Imbedded beam elements

a 0 .175 1hcol

0 .4

(a) Wall-Frame Structure

EQUIVALENT PLANE FRAME


MODELLING

Infills canbe modelled as Equivalent Diagonal Compressive Strut


0 .4
rinf
having width a 0 .175 1hcol
1
4

E t sin 2
where, 1 me inf

4 E fe I col hinf
hinf
E fe

Eme

I col
Linf

rinf
tinf

rinf

(b) Analysis Model

MODELLING OF IN-FILLS

hcol

E me tinf sin 2 4

4 E fe I col hinf

C1

=column height between centerlines of beams


=height of infill panel
=expected modulus of elasticity of frame material (concrete)
=expected modulus of elasticity of infill material
=moment of inertia of column
=length of infill panel
=diagonal length of infill panel
=thickness of infill panel and equivalent strut

C4

C2

C3

C7

C5

C8

C6

Symmetric plan
about both the
axes

Symmetric
distribution of
stiffness

Symmetric
distribution of
mass

C10

C11

C9

C12

Rigid Link Members

Rigid Link Members

C1

C4

C7 C10 C2

C5

C8 C11 C3

C6

C9 C12

C1

C2

C3

C4

C5

C6

C7

C8

C9 C10

C11

C12

EQUIVALENT PLANE-FRAME MODEL


IN Y-DIRECTION

EQUIVALENT PLANE-FRAME MODEL


IN X-DIRECTION

Rigid link members have high axial stiffness


(say 1000 times of columns)

Rigid link members have high axial stiffness


(say 1000 times of columns)

Beams are also assigned high axial stiffness

Beams are also assigned high axial stiffness

6/4/2014

RIGID FLOOR MODELLING


SPACE FRAME MODELLING

u1
u2

1. 3D Modelling with 6 DOF per node

U2

u3
y

U3

2. Rigid floor modelling, the floor slab is rigid in its


plane and distributes the lateral force in various
lateral load resisting elements
3. In the absence of rigid floor modelling, there may
be error in free vibration characteristics, column
torsion and beam bending moment

U1

RIGID BODY
MOTION

TRANSFORMATION MATRIX

cos

sin

cos
0

B sin

x sin y cos
x cos y sin

EQUIVALENT PLANE FRAME


MODELLING FOR FRAMED TUBE

RIGID FLOOR MODELLING


Y

C1

C2

C3

C4

C5

C6

C7

C8

C9

C10

C11

C12

EQUIVALENT PLANE FRAME


MODELLING FOR MULTI-CELL TUBE

EQUIVALENT PLANE FRAME


MODELLING FOR MULTI-CELL TUBE

6/4/2014

SEQUENTIAL ANALYSIS FOR


DEAD LOAD

ERROR IN SIMULATNEOUS AND


CONVENTIONAL ANALYSIS

FLAT SLAB SYSTEMS

FLAT SLAB SYSTEMS

Drop Panel

Column Head

6/4/2014

6/4/2014

FLAT SLAB SYSTEMS

6/4/2014

FLAT SLAB SYSTEMS

6/4/2014

6/4/2014

FLAT SLAB SYSTEMS

FLAT SLAB SYSTEMS


Maximum Inter Storey Drift (%)

5
Hueste and Wright
ASCE/SEI 41 [NC]

ASCE/SEI 41 [C]
ACI 318-05

3
2
1
0
0

6/4/2014

0.2

0.4

6/4/2014

MODELLING OF FLAT SLAB


ACI equivalent frame method
Load transfer system in this method involves three distinct interconnected elements:
i) Slab-beam member (Ks)
ii) Column (Kc)
iii) Torsional member (Kt)

0.6

0.8

Gravity Shear Ratio

MODELLING OF FLAT SLAB


Extended equivalent column method
Slab is represented by beam element
Arrangement of column elements incorporate the column flexibility and torsional
flexibility of attached torsional members

Kc

Ks
Kt
Kc

Extended Equivalent column method [Cano and Klinger, 1988]


Members of 3-D

Definition of equivalent frame

structure, Detail A

Members of ACIEFM,
Detail A

MODELLING OF FLAT SLAB


Extended equivalent beam method

MODELLING OF FLAT SLAB


Explicit Transverse Torsional Element Model

Column is modelled directly


Arrangement of slab-beam elements incorporate the slab flexibility and torsional
flexibility of attached torsional members

Kt
Column

Ks

Equivalent beam member

Torsional
element

Kc
Extended Equivalent beam method [Cano and Klinger, 1988]

6/4/2014

MODELLING OF FLAT SLAB


Explicit Transverse Torsional Element Model (ACI 318)

Kt

THANK YOU !

9 EC
3
l 2 1 c 2 l 2

x x3 y
C 1 0.63
y 3

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