NLWSP PHASE-II Detailed Engineering Report

Package-2 TM-02

Annexure-03

STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS FOR BURIED PIPE OF PROPOSED CLEAR WATER Pumping main from Jayal to Kerap CWR

1.0

Initial stretch is buried. Hence, design checks for buried pipes are exercised.
1.1

Preamble
The calculation for the 'Structural Design of transmission Main' covers the following:
Check for Horizontal Deflection
Check for Vacuum Condition
Minimum Wall Thickness
Allowable buckling pressure
Check for Buckling for the application of Dead load and Internal Vacuum pressure
Check for Buckling for the application of Dead load and Live load

1.2

Data
Outer diameter of steel pip

Bc

=
=
=

1547
1.547
60.91

mm
m
in

Plate thickness

t2

=
=

mm
m

Thickness of C.M. Lining

Internal diameter

t1
D

=
=

11
0.011
12.5
1500
D+2t1
1.525
60.039
d' + t2

m
in

1.5360
60.472
0.768
30.236

m
in
m
in

Internal shell diameter

Mean shell diameter

Mean radius

1.3

d'

=
=
=

=
=
=
=

mm
mm

Check for Horizontal Deflection:

Reference:
AWWA Manual M11
CL

W = W1 + W2

H 2.54
m

1983mm
1100.4mm
1100.4mm
1100.4
Bc
mm
2085mm

Horizontal Deflection of Pip

kW r3
E I 0.061E' r 3

x Dl

Where,

Dl
k
W

=
=
=
=
=
=
=

W1

W2

=
=
=
=

w
r
PDCOR Limited

Horizontal deflection of pipe, in.

Deflection lag factor
1.0
Bedding constant
0.1
Load / unit length of pipe, lb/in. of pipe
W1+W2
Load
on load
pipe on
due
to back
.. (Dead load)
Vertical
a pipe
duefil
to a superimposed
concentrated load
.. (Live Load)
Unit weight of fill
18
kN/m3
Radius in inch of pipe (including gun
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NLWSP PHASE-II Detailed Engineering Report

Package-2 TM-02

Annexure-03

EI
Es

Pipe wall stiffness, lb-in.

=
=

Modulus of elasticity of steel

###
lb/in2 for steel

Ec
I
E'

=
=
=
=

Modulus of elasticity of cement mortar

4000000 lb/in2 for cement
Transverse moment of inertia per
unit length of pipe wall, in3/in.2
Modulus of soil reaction, lb/in.

Thickness of C.M. Lining

t1

12.5

mm

Plate thickness

t2

=
=

mm
m

External coating (Guniting)

t3

11
0.011
40

Load on pipe due to back fil

W1

=
=
=

w x H x Bo
Height of fill above top of pipe
3.0
m

Bo

=
=

Outer dia of pipe

1.627
m

W1

=
=
=

87.858 kN/m
8955.96 kg/m
501.512 lb/in

1.3.1 Pipeline Cover depth 3 m

Dead Load

Substituting ,

Live Load
Reference:
For 3 m cover
Total load

mm

AWWA Manual M11

From Table 6-3 Live-load effect, Highway HS-20 Loading
W2
=
0
psf
=
0.00
lb/in.
W1+W2
W
=
=

501.51

lb/in.

1.3.2 Pipeline Cover depth 2.5 m

Dead Load
Thickness of C.M. Lining

t1

12.5

mm

Plate thickness

t2

=
=

mm
m

External coating (Guniting)

t3

11
0.011
40

Load on pipe due to back fil

W1

=
=
=

w x H x Bo
Height of fill above top of pipe
2.5
m

Bo

=
=

Outer dia of pipe

1.627
m

W1

=
=
=

73.215 kN/m
7463.30 kg/m
417.927 lb/in

Substituting ,

Live Load
Reference:
For 2.5 m cover
Total load

AWWA Manual M11

From Table 6-3 Live-load effect, Highway HS-20 Loading
W2
=
0
psf
=
0.00
lb/in.
W
+W
W
=
1
2
=

PDCOR Limited

mm

417.93

lb/in.

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NLWSP PHASE-II Detailed Engineering Report

Package-2 TM-02

Annexure-03

1.3.3 Pipeline Cover depth 1.6 m

Dead Load
Thickness of C.M. Lining

t1

12.5

mm

Plate thickness

t2

=
=

mm
m

External coating (Guniting)

t3

11
0.011
40

Load on pipe due to back fil

W1

=
=
=

w x H x Bo
Height of fill above top of pipe
1.6
m

Bo

=
=

Outer dia of pipe

1.627
m

W1

=
=
=

46.858 kN/m
4776.51 kg/m
267.473 lb/in

Substituting ,

Live Load
Reference:
For 1.6 m cover
Total load

1.3.4

mm

AWWA Manual M11

From Table 6-3 Live-load effect, Highway HS-20 Loading
W2
=
250
psf
=
111.21 lb/in.
W1+W2
W
=
=

378.69

lb/in.

=
=
=

w x H x Bo
Height of fill above top of pipe
1.2
m

Bo

=
=

Outer dia of pipe

1.627
m

W1

=
=
=

35.143 kN/m
###
kg/m
200.605 lb/in

Pipeline cover depth 1.2 m

Dead Load
Load on pipe due to back fil

W1
H

Substituting ,

Live Load
Reference:
For 1.2 m cover
Total load

AWWA Manual M11

From Table 6-3 Live-load effect, Highway HS-20 Loading
W2
=
400
psf
=
177.94 lb/in.
W1+W2
W
=
=

Total Load Considered

=
(Higher of the 1.3.1, 1.3.2, 1.3.3 & 1.3.4)

Moment of Inertia of
cement Lining,
Pipe wall stiffness (cement)
Moment of Inertia of steel
tube,
Pipe wall stiffness (steel)

PDCOR Limited

378.54

lb/in.

501.51 lb/in.

r
E'

=
=
=

32.028 in.
300
lb/in.2
2068.42 kN/m2

Ic

EI

=
=

Is

t 32
12

EI

=
=

###
###

t 31
12

0.0099
39729

in 3
lb-in.

in 3
lb-in.

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NLWSP PHASE-II Detailed Engineering Report

Package-2 TM-02

Moment of Inertia of
cement Guniting,

Ig

Pipe wall stiffness (cement)

EI

=
=

0.3255 in 3
1301840 lb-in.

Substituting , Horizontal deflection,

=
=

2.05
52.034

Allowable deflection for lined pipes

=
=

Calculated Horizontal deflection

1.4

Annexure-03

t 33
12

in
mm

2 % of pipe diameter
76.800 mm
<
Allowable deflection,

Check for Vacuum Condition:

Reference:
AWWA Manual, M11
Stewart formula for collapsing pressure

t 2

Pc = 50200000

For pumping main max design

vacuum

Factor of safety against Vacuum

condition

1.5

Hence OK.

=
=

18.438 psi
Atmospheric pressure - Vapour Pressure

14.7 - 0.7

14.0

psi

1.32

.OK

Minimum Wall Thickness

Reference:
AWWA Manual, M11
Minimum plate or sheet thickness for handling for pipe sizes greater than 54 inch
ID is given by
D 20
t
=
in
400
=
0.2023 in
=
5.138
mm
Thickness adopted
=
11
mm
Hence Safe

1.6 Check for Buckling

1.6.1 Allowable Buckling Pressure: (for cover 3.0m) :
Reference:
AWWA Manual, M11
Pipe embeded in soil may collapse or buckle from elastic instability resulting from
The summation of external loads should be equal to or less than the allowable buckling pressure
The allowable buckling pressure qa may be determined by the following formula,

qa =

FS
2.5

1
*
FS

Design factor
for h

3
Height of ground surface above
top of pipe h

=
=
=

3.0
m
118.110 in
60.472 in

1.95

<

FS

3.000

RW

Water buoyancy factor

Hence

R W 1 0.33

PDCOR Limited

for

EI
3
d

32*R W *B' *E ' *

h w

1
2

0 hw h

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NLWSP PHASE-II Detailed Engineering Report

Package-2 TM-02
R W 1 0.33

h w

Annexure-03
0 hw h

PDCOR Limited

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NLWSP PHASE-II Detailed Engineering Report

Package-2 TM-02

hw

where,

Rw

=
=
=
=

Emperical coefficient of elastic support

B'

Substituting,

B'
EI
EI
d3

qa

Substituting,

0 hw h

Height of water surface above top of the pipe

mm
3000
118.110 in
0.6700
1

1 4e 0.065 H

where,

Annexure-03

h w

R W 1 0.33

=
=
=
=

Height of fill above the pipe

9.84
ft
0.322
###
lb-in. (as before)

6.985

lb/in2

40.065

lb/in2

1.6.2 Allowable Buckling Pressure: (for cover 2.5m) :

Reference:
AWWA Manual, M11
Pipe embeded in soil may collapse or buckle from elastic instability resulting from
The summation of external loads should be equal to or less than the allowable buckling pressure
The allowable buckling pressure qa may be determined by the following formula,

qa =

FS
2.5

1
*
FS

Design factor
for h

3
Height of ground surface above
top of pipe h

=
=
=

2.5
98.425
60.472

1.63

<

FS

3.000

RW

Water buoyancy factor

Hence

R W 1 0.33

where,

hw

Rw

=
=
=
=

Emperical coefficient of elastic support

B'

where,

Substituting,

B'
EI
EI
d3

Substituting,

for

EI
3
d

32*R W *B' *E ' *

qa

1
2

m
in
in

h w

0 hw h

Height of water surface above top of the pipe

mm
2500
98.425 in
0.6700
1

1 4e 0.065 H

=
=
=
=

Height of fill above the pipe

8.20
ft
0.299
###
lb-in. (as before)

6.985

lb/in2

38.618

lb/in2

1.6.3 Allowable Buckling Pressure: (for cover 1.6m) :

Reference:
AWWA Manual, M11
Pipe embeded in soil may collapse or buckle from elastic instability resulting from
The summation of external loads should be equal to or less than the allowable buckling pressure
PDCOR Limited

PHED,Rajasthan

NLWSP PHASE-II Detailed Engineering Report

Package-2 TM-02

Annexure-03

The allowable buckling pressure qa may be determined by the following formula,

qa =

FS
2.5

1
*
FS

Design factor
for h

3
Height of ground surface above
top of pipe h

for

=
=
=

1.6
62.992
60.472

1.04

<

FS

3.000

RW

Water buoyancy factor

Hence

hw

Rw

=
=
=
=

Emperical coefficient of elastic support

B'

Substituting,

B'
EI
EI
d3

qa

Substituting,

0 hw h

Height of water surface above top of the pipe

mm
1600
62.992 in
0.6700
1

1 4e 0.065 H

where,

1
2

m
in
in

h w

R W 1 0.33

where,

EI
3
d

32*R W *B' *E ' *

=
=
=
=

Height of fill above the pipe

5.25
ft
0.260
###
lb-in. (as before)

6.985

lb/in2

36.038

lb/in2

1.6.4 Allowable Buckling Pressure: (for cover 1.2m) :

Reference:
AWWA Manual, M11
Pipe embeded in soil may collapse or buckle from elastic instability resulting from
The summation of external loads should be equal to or less than the allowable buckling pressure
The allowable buckling pressure qa may be determined by the following formula,

qa =

FS
2.5

1
*
FS

Design factor
for h

3
Height of ground surface above
top of pipe h

for

=
=
=

1.2
47.244
60.472

0.78

<

FS

3.000

RW

Water buoyancy factor

Hence

R W 1 0.33

PDCOR Limited

EI
3
d

32*R W *B' *E ' *

h w

1
2

m
in
in

0 hw h

PHED,Rajasthan

NLWSP PHASE-II Detailed Engineering Report

Package-2 TM-02
R W 1 0.33

hw

where,

Rw

=
=
=
=

Emperical coefficient of elastic support

B'

where,

Substituting,

B'
EI
EI
d3

qa

Substituting,
1.6.

Annexure-03

h w

0 hw h

Height of water surface above top of the pipe

mm
1200
47.244 in
0.6700
1

1 4e 0.065 H

=
=
=
=

Height of fill above the pipe

3.94
ft
0.244
###
lb-in. (as before)

6.985

lb/in2

34.906

lb/in2

Allowable Buckling pressure

Allowable Buckling pressure qa are as follows.
Cover
3.0
2.5
1.6
1.2

qa
m
m
m
m

40.065
38.618
36.038
34.906

lb/in2
lb/in2
lb/in2
lb/in2

1.7 Check for the application of Dead load and Internal Vacuum pressure:
1.7.1 For 3 m cover

W1
+Pv q a
D
Specific Weight of water
w h w +R w

Buckling requirements shall satisfy

w

where,

0.036

hw

118.110 in

.. From above

Rw

0.670

.. From above

W1

Dead load

501.512

1547.00 mm

60.906

Internal Vacuum Pressure, psi

Atmospheric pressure - absolute pressure inside pipe

14.0

psi

23.781

lb/in2

Bc
Pv

LHS
Actual

buckling

pressure

<

lb/cu in.

lb/in
in

Allowable buckling pressure

Hence safe
1.7.2 For 2.5 m cover

W1
+Pv q a
D
Specific Weight of water

0.036

lb/cu in.

hw

98.425

in

Rw

0.670

W1

Dead load

417.927

1547.00 mm

60.906

w h w +R w

Buckling requirements shall satisfy

where,

Bc

PDCOR Limited

.. From above
.. From above

lb/in
in
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NLWSP PHASE-II Detailed Engineering Report

Package-2 TM-02

Pv

LHS
Actual

buckling

pressure

Annexure-03

Internal Vacuum Pressure, psi

Atmospheric pressure - absolute pressure inside pipe

14.0

psi

22.151

lb/in2

<

Allowable buckling pressure

Hence safe
1.7.3 For 1.6 m cover

W1
+Pv q a
D
Specific Weight of water
w h w +R w

Buckling requirements shall satisfy

w

where,

0.036

lb/cu in.

hw

62.992

in

Rw

0.670

W1

Dead load

267.473

1547.00 mm

60.906

Internal Vacuum Pressure, psi

Atmospheric pressure - absolute pressure inside pipe

14.0

psi

19.216

lb/in2

Bc
Pv

LHS
Actual

buckling

pressure

<

.. From above
.. From above

lb/in
in

Allowable buckling pressure

Hence safe
1.7.4 For 1.2 m cover

W1
+Pv q a
D
Specific Weight of water
w h w +R w

Buckling requirements shall satisfy

w

where,

0.036

lb/cu in.

hw

47.244

in

Rw

0.670

W1

Dead load

200.605

1547.00 mm

60.906

Internal Vacuum Pressure, psi

Atmospheric pressure - absolute pressure inside pipe

14.0

psi

17.912

lb/in2

Bc
Pv

LHS
Actual

buckling

pressure

<

.. From above
.. From above

lb/in
in

Allowable buckling pressure

Hence safe
1.7.5 Result for Buckling under Dead load and Internal Vacuum pressure:
Allowable Buckling pressure qa are as follows.
qa (Allowable)

Cover

qa (Actual)

40.065

lb/in2

23.781

lb/in2

2.5

38.618

lb/in2

22.151

lb/in2

1.6

36.038

lb/in2

19.216

lb/in2

1.2

34.906

lb/in2

17.912

lb/in2

Thus actual buckling presure are within safe limit

PDCOR Limited

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NLWSP PHASE-II Detailed Engineering Report

Package-2 TM-02

Annexure-03

1.8 Check for Buckling under application of Dead load and Live load :
1.8.1 For 3 m cover
Buckling requirements shall satisfy
W2

Where,

Live load.

0.000

Specific Weight of water

0.036

hw

118.110 in

.. From above.

Rw

Height of water sur

.. From above.

0.670

Dead load

501.512

1547.00 mm

60.906

in

9.781

lb/in2

W1
Bc
LHS
buckling

W1 W2
+
qa
D
D

Actual

w h w +R w

pressure

<

lb/in
lb/cu in.

lb/in

(Considering W1 & W2)

Allowable buckling pressure

Hence safe
1.8.2 For 2.5 m cover
Buckling requirements shall satisfy
W2

Where,

Live load.

0.000

Specific Weight of water

lb/in

0.036

lb/cu in.

98.425

in

Rw

Height of water sur

0.670

W1

Dead load

417.927

1547.00 mm

60.906

in

8.151

lb/in2

LHS
buckling

W1 W2
+
qa
D
D

hw

Bc

Actual

w h w +R w

pressure

<

.. From above.
.. From above.

lb/in

(Considering W1 & W2)

Allowable buckling pressure

Hence safe

PDCOR Limited

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NLWSP PHASE-II Detailed Engineering Report

Package-2 TM-02

Annexure-03

1.8.3 For 1.6 m cover

Buckling requirements shall satisfy
W2

Where,

Live load.

111.212

Specific Weight of water

lb/in

0.036

lb/cu in.

62.992

in

Rw

Height of water surface above top of the pipe

0.670

W1

Dead load

267.473

1547.00 mm

60.906

in

7.042

lb/in2

LHS
buckling

hw

Bc

Actual

W1 W2
+
qa
D
D

w h w +R w

pressure

<

lb/in

(Considering W1 & W2)

Allowable buckling pressure

Hence safe
1.8.4 For 1.2 m cover
Buckling requirements shall satisfy
W2

Where,

Live load.

177.940

Specific Weight of water

lb/in

0.036

lb/cu in.

47.244

in

Rw

Height of water surface above top of the pipe

0.670

Dead load

200.605

1547.00 mm

60.906

in

6.834

lb/in2

Bc
LHS
buckling

hw

W1

Actual

W1 W2
+
qa
D
D

w h w +R w

pressure

<

lb/in

(Considering W1 & W2)

Allowable buckling pressure

Hence safe
1.8.5 Result for Buckling under Dead load and Internal Vacuum pressure:
Allowable Buckling pressure qa are as follows.
qa (Allowable)

Cover

qa (Actual)

40.065

lb/in2

9.781

lb/in2

2.5

38.618

lb/in2

8.151

lb/cu in.

1.6

36.038

lb/in2

7.042

lb/cu in.

1.2

34.906

lb/in2

6.834

lb/cu in.

Thus actual buckling presure are within safe limit

PDCOR Limited

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NLWSP PHASE-II Detailed Engineering Report

Package-2 TM-02

Annexure-03

1.9

The conclusions are as follows:

1.

The Horizontal deflection in diameter for various depths of cover are calculated and are within the allowable limit.

2.

Collapsing pressure of the pipe is sufficiently high to overcome the buckling due to the vacuum created.

3.

Minimum plate thickness required for safe handling is calculated as per AWWA Manual M11.
Pipe thickness selected, 11 mm as per IS 3589 : 2001, is acceptable to meet the requirements.
Pipe is safe against collapse or buckle from elastic instability resulting from the application of dead load plus vacc
as well as application of Live load plus dead load.

4.

PDCOR Limited

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