Scribd
Upload
29 views

No Pages: Table of Content

This document outlines an experiment on structural engineering concepts like shear force and bending moment. It contains an introduction describing cantilever beams and how laboratories help learn related concepts. The objective is to prove theorems relating shear force and bending moment to applied loads. The apparatus includes beam supports, weights and sensors. Procedures describe applying loads and recording measurements. Results tables show experimental and theoretical force and moment values agree. The discussion notes an inverse relationship between load and shear force but direct proportionality between load and bending moment. Repeating tests reduced errors. The conclusion is that reactions, shear forces and bending moments were determined for cantilever and simply supported beams to explore their relationships.

Uploaded by

Nur Syahira
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
29 views

No Pages: Table of Content

This document outlines an experiment on structural engineering concepts like shear force and bending moment. It contains an introduction describing cantilever beams and how laboratories help learn related concepts. The objective is to prove theorems relating shear force and bending moment to applied loads. The apparatus includes beam supports, weights and sensors. Procedures describe applying loads and recording measurements. Results tables show experimental and theoretical force and moment values agree. The discussion notes an inverse relationship between load and shear force but direct proportionality between load and bending moment. Repeating tests reduced errors. The conclusion is that reactions, shear forces and bending moments were determined for cantilever and simply supported beams to explore their relationships.

Uploaded by

Nur Syahira
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 6

Table of Content

No

Contents

Pages

Introduction

Objective

Apparatus

2-3

Procedure

3-4

Result and Data

5-6

Discussion

Conclusion

INTRODUCTION
The aim of the report is to understand the concept of structural engineering and how it is
applied in laboratory exercises. The experiments carried out help to explain the stress, shear,
axial forces, bending and deflection properties. The different tests performed at the laboratory
helped to learn the health and safety issues involved. A cantilever is a beam anchored at only
one end. The beam carries the load to the support where it is forced against by a moment and
shear stress. Cantilever construction allows for overhanging structures without external
bracing. Cantilevers can also be constructed with trusses or slabs.

OBJECTIVE
The objective of this experiment is to prove the thesis which states that the shear force
at a cut section of a beam is equal to the algebraic sum of the forces acting to the left
or right of the section and also to prove the thesis which states that the bending moment at a
cut section is equal to the algebraic sum of the moments acting to the left or right of the
section.
SHEAR FORCE
APPARATUS
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Simple support
Support frame
Set of weight
Dial gauge
Measuring tape

BENDING MOMENT

APPARATUS
1.
2.
3.
4.

pair of simple supports


Special beam with a cut section
Set of Weights
Load hangars

SHEAR FORCE PROCEDURE


1. Fix both of the knife edged supports tightly on the beam span.
2. Then measure the width, length and the thickness of the beam span using a measuring
3.
4.
5.
6.

tape.
After that, place the hanger at a distance from the left support
Set the dial gauge to zero.
Begin the test by placing 2N of load, followed by4N, 6N, 8N and 10N.
Record the readings on a record sheet.

BENDING MOMENT PROCEDURE


1. First connect the load cell to the digital indicator.
2. Switch on the indicator for ten minutes and then start taking the readings.
3. Fix the knife edged supports on the beam and screw them tightly to the base.
3

4. Then, hang the load hangers to the beam in desired distance from the left support.
5. Place the digital indicator to zero.
6. Measure using the measuring tape the length, width and the thickness of the beam
span.
7. Now place the loads and record the readings.
8. Repeat for a certain times to obtain accuracy.

RESULT AND DATA

Simply Supported Beam (Shear force apparatus)


Load (N)
2

Shear force Experiment


-0.7
4

Shear force Theory

4
6
8
10

-1.4
-2.5
-3.1
-3.8

Simply supported beam (Bending Moment apparatus)


Load (N)
2
4
6
8
10

Load Cell Reading


(N)
-1.0
-2.0
-3.1
-4.1
-5.2

Bending Moment
( F x 175 )
-175
-350
-542.5
-717.5
-910

Bending Moment
theory

Cantilever (Bending moment apparatus)


Load (N)

Load Cell Reading


(N)
5.3
10.6
15.9
21.1
26.3

3
6
9
12
15

Bending Moment
( F x 175 )
927.5
1855
2782.5
3517.5
4602.5

Bending Moment
theory

Cantilever (Shear force apparatus)


Load (N)
3
6
9
12
15

Shear force experiment


-2.7
-5.4
-8.1
-10.7
-13.3

Shear force theory

DISCUSSION

This experiment is to explored the behaviour of various types of beams under loads to
determine the bending moment and reaction and shear force.
From the results, it can be noted that the load and shear force are inversely
proportional. This means that when the load is raised, the shear force decreases. But for
bending moment it can be noted that the load is directly proportional to the bending moment.
As the load is increased, the bending moment increases as well.
The experiment was repeated thrice and everytime a different member of the group
was asked to perform the tests so that minor errors can be avoided.
An error that may happen is the digital force is not tare to zero. This may cause some
initial reading obtained.

CONCLUSION
In conclusion we had determine the reaction at support shear force and bending moment for
both cantilever and simply supported beam. Besides that, we had explore the relations among
reaction bending moments and shear force in various types of beams.

You might also like