Digital Simulation of 48 Pulse GTO Based Statcom and Reactive Power Compensation
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Editor IJRITCCDigital Simulation of 48 Pulse GTO Based Statcom and Reactive Power Compensation
Uploaded by
Editor IJRITCCInternational Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication
Volume: 2 Issue: 4
ISSN: 2321-8169
824 827
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Digital Simulation of 48 Pulse GTO
Based Statcom and Reactive Power Compensation
Subhasis Bandopadhyay1
Amartya Roy2
Assistant Professor
RCC Institute of Information Technilogy:
Department of Electrical Enginering
Beliaghata, Kolkata, India
sbandzsgmail.com.com
Student of Jadavpur University
Department of Electrical Enginering
Jadavpur: Kolkata, India
[email protected]
Abstract The static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) is a shunt device using power electronics to control power flow and
improve transient stability and reactive power control on power grids. A dynamic model of a 100MVAR GTO based STATCOM
consists of a 48 pulse seven level inverter and its control system.The simulating result shows that the STATCOM has fine
dynamic response and can regulate transmission system voltage efficiency.
Keyword\s static synchronous compensator, 48 pulse three level inventor, dynamic response simulation
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A. INTRODUCTION
The static synchronous compensator is a shunt
device of the flexible AC transmission system
family using power electronics to control power
flow and improve transient stability on power grids.
The statcom regulates voltage at its terminal by
controlling the amount of reactive power capacitor
injected into or absorbed from the power system,
where the system voltage is low. The statcom
generates reactive power when system voltage is
high, it absorbs reactive power inductive. A novel
complete using the 48 pulse digital simulation of the
stat-com within a power system is presentated in
fig-2(48 pulse 3 level GTO based inverter)
this paper. The digital simulation is performed using
the MATLAB/SIMULINK software and the power
B.48 Pulse 3 Level Inverter
system block set (PSB).The basic building block of
The model of 48-Pulse three-level inverter is shown
figure 3. It consists of four 3-phase 3-level inverters
coupled with four phase shifting transformers
introducing phase shift of 7.5 degrees. Except for
the 23rd and 25th harmonics, this transformer
arrangement neutralizes all odd harmonics up to
the 45th harmonic. Y and D transformer secondaries
cancel harmonics 5+12n (5, 17, 29, 41,...) and
the statcom is the full 48 pulse .
824
IJRITCC | April 2014, Available @ http://www.ijritcc.org
_______________________________________________________________________________________
International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication
Volume: 2 Issue: 4
ISSN: 2321-8169
824 827
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
7+12n (7, 19,31,43,...). In addition, the 15 phase
shift between the two groups of transformers (Tr1Y
and Tr1D leading by 7.5, Tr2Y andTr2D lagging
by 7.5) allows cancellation of harmonics 11+24n
(11,35,...) and 13+24n (13, 37,...).Considering that
all 3n harmonics are not transmitted by the
transformers (delta and ungrounded Y), the first
harmonics that are not canceled by the transformers
are therefore the 23rd, 25th, 47th and 49th
harmonics. By choosing the appropriate conduction
angle for the three-level inverter ( = 172.5), the
23rd and 25th harmonics can be minimized. The
first significant harmonics generated by the inverter
will then be 47th and 49th.Using a bipolar DC
voltage, the STATCOM thus generates a 48-step
voltage approximating a sine wave[2,3].
C. STATCOM CONTROL SYSTEM
The model of STATCOM Control System is shown
figure 4.Its task is to increase or decrease the
capacitor DC voltage, so that the generated AC
voltage has the correct amplitude for the required
reactive power. The control system must also keep
the AC generated voltage in phase with the system
voltage at the STATCOM connection bus to
generate transformer and inverter losses).The
control system uses the following modules: 1) PLL
(phase locked loop) it synchronizes GTO pulses to
the system voltage and provides a reference angle to
the measurement system. 2) Measurement System it
computes the positive sequence. components of the
STATCOM voltage and current, using phase-to-dq
transformation and a running-window averaging. 3)
Voltage regulation it is performed by two PI
regulators: from the measured voltage Vrms and the
reference voltage Vref, the Voltage Regulator block
(outer loop computes the reactive current reference
Iqref used by the current regulator block (inner
loop). The output of the current regulator is the
angle which is the phase shift of the inverter
voltage with respect to the system voltage. This
angle stays
very close to zero except during short periods of
time, as explained below. A voltage droop is
incorporated in the voltage regulation to obtain a VI characteristics with a slope (0.03 pu/100 MVA
in this case). Therefore, when the STATCOM
operating point
fig-3(STATCOM control system)
1 12 pulse converter :- It is shown in the equation
at the bottom of the page.The resultant output
voltage genarated by the 1st 12 pulse converter is
Vab12(t)1 = 2 [Vab1 sin(wt + 300 ) + Vab11sin(11wt
+ 1950 ) + Vab13sin(13wt + 2550 ) +
Vab23sin(23wt + 600 ) + Vab25sin(25wt + 1200 )
+.]
PST : + 7.50
+ 3.750
Total + 11.250
Driver : -7.50
-24 pulse harmonics
0
- 3.75
-48 pulse harmonics
0
Total - 11.25
PST : - 7.50
-24 pulse harmonics
0
+ 3.75
-48 pulse harmonics
0
Total - 3.25
Driver : +7.50
- 3.750
Total - 11.250
st
2nd 12 pulse converter :Vab12(t)2 = 2 [Vab1 sin(wt + 300 ) + Vab11sin(11wt
+ 150 ) + Vab13sin(13wt + 750 ) +
Vab23sin(23wt + 600 ) + Vab25sin(25wt + 1200 )
+.]
3rd 12 pulse converter :Equtation at the bottom of the page
Vab12(t)3 = 2 [Vab1 sin(wt + 300 ) + Vab11sin(11wt
+ 2850 ) + Vab13sin(13wt + 3450 ) +
Vab23sin(23wt + 2400 ) + Vab25sin(25wt + 3600 )
+.]
4th 12 pulse converter :Vab12(t)4 = 2 [Vab1 sin(wt + 300 ) + Vab11sin(11wt
+ 1050 ) + Vab13sin(13wt + 1650 ) +
825
IJRITCC | April 2014, Available @ http://www.ijritcc.org
_______________________________________________________________________________________
International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication
Volume: 2 Issue: 4
ISSN: 2321-8169
824 827
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Vab23sin(23wt + 2400 ) + Vab25sin(25wt + 3000 )
+.]
These four identical 12 pulse converter provide
shifted ac output voltage , described by (1) (4)
Are added in series on the secondary windings of
the transformer, the ret 48 pulse converter output
voltage is given by
Vab48(t) = Vab12(t)1 + Vab12(t)2 + Vab12(t)3 +
Vab12(t)4 + .(5)
Vab48(t) = 8/3[Vab1 sin(wt + 300 ) +
Vab47sin(47wt + 1500 ) + Vab49sin(49wt + 2100 ) +
Vab95sin(95wt + 3300 ) + Vab97sin(97wt + 300 )
+.]..(6)
fig-4 (Va, VaIa)
The line to neutral 48pulse ac output voltage from
the statcom model is expressed by
Vab48(t) = 8/3
Vabnsin(nwt + 18.750 n 0
18.75 n)
n = (48r 1),
r = 0,1,2(7)
phase shifting of 1200 and 2400
Fig-7 (Vdc)
.
D. SIMULATING
Open the programmable voltage source menu and
look at the sequence of voltage steps that are
programmed. Also, open the STATCOM Controller
dialog box and verify that the STATCOM is in
voltage regulation mode with a reference voltage of
1.0pu. Run the simulation and observe waveforms
on the STATCOM scope block. Initially the
programmable voltage source is set at 1.0491pu,
resulting in a 1.0pu voltage at bus B1 when the
STATCOM is out of service. As the reference
voltage Vref is set to 1.0 pu, the STATCOM is
initially floating (zero current).The DC voltage is
19.3kV. These waveforms are reproduced is shown
decreased by 4.5% (0.955pu of nominal voltage).
The STATCOM reacts by generating reactive power
(Q=+70Mvar) to keep
voltage at 0.979pu. The 95% settling time is
approximately 47 ms. At this point the DC voltage
has
voltage is increased to1.045pu of its nominal value.
The STATCOM reacts by changing its operating
point from capacitive to inductive to keep voltage at
1.021pu. At this point the STATCOM
absorbs 72Mvar and the DC voltage has been
lowered to 18.2kV. Observe on the first trace
showing the STATCOM primary voltage and
current that the current is changing from capacitive
to inductive in approximately one cycle.
fig-5 (Q MVAR)
nominal value and the STATCOM operating point
comesback to zero Mvar.
fig-6 (Vmes, Vref (pu)
E. CONCLUSION
The paper presents a novel full 48-pulse GTO
voltage source converter of STATCOM and SSSC
FACTS devices. These full descriptive digital
models are validated for voltage stabilization
reactive compensation and dynamically power flow
826
IJRITCC | April 2014, Available @ http://www.ijritcc.org
_______________________________________________________________________________________
International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication
Volume: 2 Issue: 4
ISSN: 2321-8169
824 827
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
control using three novel decoupled current control
strategies. The control strategies implement
decoupled current control and auxiliary tracking
control based on a pulse width modulation
switching technique to ensure fast controllability,
minimum oscillatory behavior, and minimum
inherent phase locked loop time delay as well as
system instability reduced impact due to a weak
interconnected ac system.
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