GRAMMAR

PRACTICE

Before the examination

1. Master the rules of grammar, particularly on items commonly tested in this section:
- verbs
- pronouns
- subject-verb agreements
- adverbs
- prepositions
- articles
- conjunctions
- adjectives
2. Do a lot of practices for this section.
3. Read widely. You need to have a good command of vocabulary to do well in this section.
Use a dictionary to help you find the meanings of difficult words or phrases.
During examination
1. Read through the whole passage to get an idea of what it is all about. If you do not
understand, read it again slowly and carefully.
2. While reading, look out for clues that may help you in identifying the best answer. (Check
for the tenses used and the grammatical keywords.)
3. Next, study the words or the sentences that come before and after the blanks. These
words may provide you with important clues to get the best answer.
4. Try fitting each option into the numbered blank. Be extra careful. The correct phrase
should be grammatically and logically acceptable.
5. Sometimes, the answers are very close. Choose the best answer for each blank. Cross
out the options that are clearly incorrect.
6. Finally, when you have finished, read through the passage again to make sure your
answers are grammatically correct and the passage itself makes sense.

Grammar : Parts of speech

Parts of
speech

Definition

Examples

Noun
(kata nama)

A word that names a person, place, thing,

animal, concept or activity or idea.
Uncountable nouns (nU) : Nouns that
cannot be
counted
Countable nouns (nC) : Nouns that can
be counted

tree, apple, orange, kitten,

hospital, frog
e.g.: The cat jumps over
the fence.

Verb
(kata kerja)

A word that describes an action or state

talk, eat, run, shout, jump,

is , was, am.
e.g. : the cat climbs.
I, he, she, it, they, we, our,
itself
e.g.: Ali likes durian. He is
eating it now
beautiful, tall, clever, blue,
red, kind
e.g.: A beautiful clever girl

Pronoun
(ganti nama)

A word that takes the place of a noun

Adjective
(sifat nama)

A word that describes a noun or pronoun

Adverb
(sifat kata)

A word that gives more information about

a verb, an adjective or an adverb

Preposition
(Kata Sendi)

A word that shows relationship between a

noun or pronoun with another word in a
sentence

Article

A word that is used before nouns.

Indefinite articles (a and an) are used
with singular uncountable nouns only. The
definite article (the) is used for both
countable and uncountable nouns.

a, an , the

Conjunction
(Kata Hubung)

A word that joins two or more words,

phrases or clauses.

and, or, but, however,

therefore, moreover, so,
although

Interjection
(kata seruan)

A word used to show strong feeling.

Ouch! Wow! Ah! Ops!

Hey!

quickly, fast, slowly, very,

carefully
e.g.: The cat walks slowly
and quietly.
on, at, about, towards,
near, along, under, below,
onto, inside, around,
between

Grammar rules : Tenses

The Simple Present Tense
The Simple Present Tense is used:
a) To show a habitual action ( done regularly)
e.g.: Mother goes to market twice a week.
e.g.: Aina always sleeps early.
b) To express a fact or truth
e.g.: The owl hunts at night.
c) To declare something or make observations
e.g.: That book belongs to Ali.
e.g.: He always comes to school early.
d) To show future action that is part of a schedule / timetable
e.g.: The train leaves in five minutes.
Singular

(verb)

Plural

I
You
--------------He
She
It

eat
catch
lie
- -----------eats
catches
lies

We
You
They

The Present Continuous Tense

The Present Continuous Tense is used:
a) To show a habitual negative action ( done regularly)
e.g.: The two brothers are always quarrelling.
e.g.: She is always singing the same song.
b) To show an action that is happening.
e.g.: The teacher is teaching now.
e.g.: The boys are playing in the field.
c) To show a future action that is a part of a plan.
e.g.: They are going camping next week.
e.g.: I am visiting my grandmother this weekend.

(verb)

eat
catch
lie

d) To show a progress
e.g.: The water is boiling.
( verb + ing )

Singular
I
------You
------He
She
It

am
------are
------is

e.g.: Ali is improving.

( verb + ing )

Plural

eating
catching
lying

We
You
They

eating
catching
lying

are

The Present Perfect Tense

Present Perfect Tense is formed by using has or have with the past participle. Uses of
the Present Perfect Tense include:
a) To describe an action or situation that ended a short time ago. (usually with the word
just)
e.g.: Mr. Tan has just arrived home from work.
b) To describe an action which started in the past and continues up to the present (usually
with the expressions since and for)
e.g.: I have known Siti for ten years.
e.g.: He has lived here since 2009.
c) To connect the result of a past action to the present.
e.g.: Someone has stolen her purse. (She does not have the purse with her now.)
d) To describe an action or situation that has happened but the time reference is not given.
e.g.: Ali has taken his lunch.
e.g.: They have decorated the hall.

Singular
I
You
-------He
She
It

have
-----has

(verb past
participle)

Plural

eaten
caught
lied

We
You
They

(verb past
participle)
have

eaten
caught
lied

The Simple Past Tense

Simple Past Tense is formed by the past tense form of the verb. Uses of the Simple Past
Tense include:
a) To describe an action or situation that has completed in the past.
e.g.: Ali was a teacher.
b) To describe an action which happened in the past with a time reference.

e.g.: I went to Johor last year.

e.g.: Ali spoke to the teacher yesterday.
c) To show habitual past action.
e.g.: We swam in the river when we were young.
e.g.: They always stayed at our place when they visited us.
(verb)

Singular
I
You
He
She
It

ate
caught
lied

(verb)

Plural

ate
caught
lied

We
You
They

The Past Continuous Tense

The Past Continuous Tense is used:
a) To show a habitual negative action in the past.
e.g.: The two brothers were always quarrelling.
e.g.: She was always singing the same song.
b) To show an action that was happening at a time in the past.
e.g.: The teacher was teaching.
e.g.: The boys were playing in the field.
c) To show an action that was happening at a specific moment in the past.
e.g.: Ali was reading when I visited him.
e.g.: The girls were discussing their project when they heard a scream.
d) To show two actions taking place at the same time in the past.
e.g.: While Ali was singing, his brother was playing the guitar.
e.g.: While the boys were playing football, the girls were playing netball.

( verb + ing )

Singular
I
He
She
It
-------

-------

You

were

was

eating
catching
lying

( verb + ing )

Plural

We
You
They

were

eating
catching
lying

The Past Perfect Tense

Past Perfect Tense is formed by using had with the past participle.
Uses of the Past Perfect Tense include:
a) When two events happened in the past, the event that happened first is in the past
perfect tense while the second event is in the simple past tense.
e.g.: I had cooked dinner before my parents came home.
b) with the conditional if only.
e.g.: If only I had listened to your advice to leave early, I would not have
missed the bus.
e.g.: If only I had not scolded my brother, he would not be crying.

(verb past
participle)

Singular
I
You
He
She
It

had

eaten
caught
lied

(verb past
participle)

Plural
We
You
They

had

eaten
caught
lied

Future Tense
The Future Tense is used:
a) To show a planned action for the future.
e.g.: I will buy the book tomorrow.
e.g.: Ali will talk to the teacher later.
Singular
I
You
He
She
It

will

(base form
verb)

Plural

eat
catch
lie

We
You
They

(base form
verb)
will

eat
catch
lie

Summary charts of verb tenses

simple present tense

simple past tense

Now

Now

Ahmad studies every day.

Ahmad studied last night.

Simple future tense

Present continuous tense

Now

Now

Ahmad will study tomorrow.

Ahmad is studying right now

Past continuous tense

Present perfect tense

Now

Ahmad was studying when they came.

Now

Ahmad has already studied Chapter

One.

Past perfect tense

Now

Ahmad had already studied Chapter One before he began to study Chapter Two.

Text Completion
Present Tense
Exercise 1
Each question in the text below refers to a numbered blank. For each question, choose the best
answer from the options A, B, C and D to fit the numbered blanks
Malaysians like to go on picnics. On weekends and public holidays, picnickers
________(1) on beaches with their family or friends to ________(2) their minds and bodies.
They ________(3) in the sea or just ________(4) on mats and ________(5) children splashing
about.
When it ________(6) time for lunch, they help themselves heartily to the delicious food
and drinks they ________(7) brought along with them. They listen to songs and ________(8)
games. Children build sandcastles and ________(9) seashells.
Soon it is time to________(10) home. Everyone feels tired but happy.
1 A
2 A
3 A
4 A
5 A
6 A
7 A
8 A
9 A
10 A

gather
relax
swim
lie
watch
was
have
play
collects
go

B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B

gathered
relaxing
swum
lay
watching
is
has
playing
collect
come

C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C

gathers
relaxed
swam
laid
watched
were
are
played
collected
goes

D gathering
D relaxes
D swimming
D lies
D watches
D are
D is
D plays
D collecting
D comes

Exercise 2
Each question in the text below refers to a numbered blank. For each question, choose the best
answer from the options A, B, C and D to fit the numbered blanks
Health inspectors _______ (1) for the government have a duty to check the food we
________(2) and eat. They frequently ________ (3) eating shops, markets, bakeries and
dairies. Action ________(4) then taken against those who do not ________(5) their places clean
and those who sell food unfit for consumption.
Food-stall owners should always ________ (6) cleanliness. Food should be covered to
prevent flies and germs in the air from ________(7) it. If contaminated food ________(8) sold,
anyone who ________(9) it will become ill. Therefore people who work in eating-shops must
know, understand and _______ (10) rules of good personal hygiene.
1 A worked
2 A bought
3 A visit
4 A is
5 A keeping
6 A maintain
7 A contaminate
8 A was
9 A eat
10 A follow

B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B

have worked
buy
visiting
was
keep
maintained
contaminating
is
eats
followed

C working
C had bought
C visited
C were
C kept
C maintaining
C contaminated
C has
C eaten
C following

D work
D buying
D had visited
D have
D keeps
D maintains
D to contaminate
D had
D ate
D follows

Exercise 1
TV15 - The Rakyat Channel gives out awards for the best local TV programme each year.
Complete this commentators report on the Super Show Award with the Present Perfect Tense
of the verb in brackets.
Im Farhah Aina, reporting live for TV15. Since 2001, TV15 (1)____________(start) a
special award programme to acknowledge those who (2)_____________(contribute) to the local
television entertainment industry. TV15 (3)_____________(choose) many nominees to compete
in different categories. Up till now, TV15 (4)_______ ____(select) four nominees for each
category. Some of these nominees (5)_____________(appear) many times in recent years,
whilst others are newcomers to the entertainment scene.
This special award programme is very popular among viewers of all age groups. People
(6)____________(travel) from many places to watch this show conducted annually at TV15. As
expected, many (7) ____________(come) with expectations. Many (8) ____________(predict)
that local sitcom Coffee Break will receive several awards. Another programme, Surviving on
Pulau Satu (9)_________________(become) the most watched programme on Saturday night.
The game show Beg for Gag (10)____________(be) the top game show for the last 10
months.
This is going to be the show of the year. So sit back and relax, enjoy the show!
(Adapted from Longman Super Score English by Sooria Kumari, et all)

Past Tense
It is used to express an action that began and ended in the past. Example:
Subject
I
You
He
She
It
We
They
The girl

Verb

ate
(irregular verb)
washed
(regular verb)

Time Words
yesterday
last night
two days ago
in 1990
in the past

Exercise 1
Underline the correct answers
1
2
3
4
5
6

The hawker ( sells, sold ) fried noodles last night.

The boy ( fell, falls ) from his bicycle and hurt himself two days ago.
Jeff ( meets, met ) an old classmate at the party just now.
The policeman ( stopped, stops ) the driver who knocked the lamp post.
Mrs. Ooi ( buys, bought ) a lot of fruits yesterday.
The show ( starts, started ) an hour ago.

7
8
9
10

The baby ( missed, misses ) his mother when she went to work
I ( see, saw ) Ali at the bookshop this morning.
My friend ( comes, came ) to my house last week.
Roslan ( lies, lied ) to his parents just now.
(Adapted from PMR English Module 2010 JPN Kedah)

Exercise 2
Each question in the text below refers to a numbered blank. For each question, choose the best
answer from the options A, B, C and D to fit the numbered blanks
A crowd of people ________ (1) inside the tent to see the circus. There ________ (2) a
lot of clowns with red noses which seemed to glow. One of the clowns had a little monkey that
________(3) up a stick. Another one ________(4) to be a frog and jumped about on the grass,
croaking. Everybody ________(5). One played funny tune on a flute. Then some acrobats
_______(6) running into the ring while the band played some exciting music. They bowed to the
crowd and then took off their cloaks and climbed up some ropes to the roof of the tent. The
band ________ (7) playing. Then they began to swing from one rope to another, flying through
the air like bird men! One of them seemed to slip in the middle of a flight. This ________(8) the
crowd a fright, but he was only pretending. When acrobats ________(9), the band played a
cheerful tune. This ________ (10) by a warm applause of the crowd.
1 A go
2 A is
3 A climbed
4 A pretend
5 A laughing
6 A come
7 A stopped
8 A give
9 A finished
10 A was followed

B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B

went
are
climbing
pretending
laughed
came
stop
gave
finishing
were followed

C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C

goes
was
climb
pretended
laugh
coming
stopping
given
finish
is followed

D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D

going
were
climbs
pretends
laughter
comes
stops
give
finishes
are followed

(Adapted from You Can Do It Volume 2 PMR English JPN Kedah)

Exercise 3
Each question in the text below refers to a numbered blank. For each question, choose the best
answer from the options A, B, C and D to fit the numbered blanks
Last Monday, Kassim and I decided to go to the cinema. After school, I_______ (1) for
Kassim at the bus-stop in front of the school. It ________ (2) raining and soon I felt chilly.
Fifteen minutes ________(3) but Kassim had not come. I ______ (4) to feel impatient.
At almost two oclock, Kassim arrived. He ________(5 for being late.While I
________(6) out at a chemistry experiment in the last period, he explained, I accidentally
________(7) a beaker. So the teacher ________(8) me to stay back to clean up the mess.
Never mind, I replied, Let`s hurry now. We may be late.
When we entered the cinema, the film show ________ (9) already started. We could not
see well in the dark and spent more than ten minutes __________ (10) for our seats.
1
2
3
4

A wait
A started
A passes
A begin

B
B
B
B

waited
start
passing
began

C
C
C
C

were waiting
starting
passed
begun

D
D
D
D

have waited
was started
to pass
beginning

5 A
6 A
7 A
8 A
9 A
10 A

apologize
carry
broke
tell
were
look

B
B
B
B
B
B

apologizing
carried
break
telling
had
looked

C
C
C
C
C
C

apologized
am carrying
broken
told
has
looking

D
D
D
D
D
D

was apologize
was carrying
breaking
was told
having
to look

(Adapted from You Can Do It Volume 2 PMR English JPN Kedah)

Past Perfect tense

Exercise 1
Answer the questions below
1 The doctors __________ (complete) the operation successfully before the electricity went
off.
2 He told us that they __________ (offer) their services to the haze victims before
3 If she __________ (eat) her meals regularly, she would not have suffered from gastric pains.
4 Zakri _________ just __________ (come) home from the gym when his brother asked
him to play table tennis.
5 He was very weak after he __________ (fast) for one week.
6 She __________ (lost) two kilograms, but she put it all back on during holidays.
7 Zaliza __________ (consider) plastic surgery when she was younger but then decided that
beauty comes from within.
8 We __________ already __________ (leave) the hospital when the fire started.
9 I _________ (decide) to become a doctor by the time I was in Form 4.
10 When he __________ (complete) his studies he went to work in hospital in Africa.
( Adapted from Longman Super Score English by Sooria Kumari, Doreen Da Costa, Ranee Helen )

Prepositions
Prepositions are usually used before nouns or pronoun to join them to the main
sentence.
It is used:
a) To show the location or position of something (ex: on, in, under, across)
b) To show direction (ex: to, from, towards)
c) To show time (ex: after, since, before)
Example:
a) The book is under the table
b) The car is heading towards us.
c) The host waited until all the guest had arrived.
Exercise 1
Each question in the text below refers to a numbered blank. For each question, choose the best
answer from the options A, B, C and D to fit the numbered blanks
I had been warned that the twins were not called the Horrible Twins without any
justification. However I was not prepared for the sight ________(1) my eyes. Eng Hock was
sitting________(2) Eng Sengs shoulders while Eng Hock was balancing an empty
tin________(3) the tip of his nose.

When I told them to stop their act, Eng Hock jumped________(4) Eng Sengs shoulder
and landed ________(5) me. Then he took out a matchbox ________(6) his pocket. He held the
box ________(7) my face and suddenly opened it. There was a big spider________(8) in the
box. Then, he held the spider ________(9) his thumb and forefinger. Next, he threw the spider
over my head and it landed________(10) the table in front of me.
1 A
2 A
3 A
4 A
5 A
6 A
7 A
8 A
9 A
10.A

before
at
near
away
over
in front of
between
in
over
on

B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B

by
on
from
off
at
under
in
on
on
off

C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C

at
from
over
of
beside
from
near
beside
between
in

D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D

in
along
on
over
with
below
along
under
in
with

(Adapted from You Can Do It Volume 2 PMR English JPN Kedah)

Exercise 2
Each question in the text below refers to a numbered blank. For each question, choose the best
answer from the options A, B, C and D to fit the numbered blanks
One day, father came home and announced that he had bought a new house
________(1) Taman Jaya. We received the news happily because we had always wanted
________(2) move away________(3) our noisy neighbourhood.
The next day, father took us ________(4) clean the house. We liked the new house the
moment we saw it. It had an old Spanish design. We rushed________(5) excitedly when father
open the door.
May I have this room________(6) myself, father? my younger brother asked. No, its
too large________(7) you, father replied.
We spent hours scrubbing and cleaning the floor________(8) it was shining. The walls
were repainted and the lights fitted.
The following few weeks. We busied ourselves________(9) packing. It was really difficult
deciding what________(10) pack. There were so many things which we had collected.
1 A
2 A
3 A
4 A
5 A
6 A
7 A
8 A
9 A
10 A

at
so
for
the
to
from
by
it
until
so

B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B

in
of
from
by
in
to
at
for
with
but

C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C

beside
to
to
under
by
by
to
on
by
along

D above
D from
D beside
D to
D through
D all
D for
D with
D to
D to

(Adapted from You Can Do It Volume 2 PMR English JPN Kedah)

Pronouns

Pronouns are words ( him, she, he, it, etc) that are used to replace nouns. Types of
pronouns:
a) Personal Pronoun replace the subject of sentence or object of the sentence
b) Possessive Pronouns to show possession. Eg: his, hers, mine and theirs.
c) Demonstrative Pronouns to show which noun we are talking about. Eg: this,
that and those.
d) Interrogative Pronouns question words. Eg: who, which and what.
e) Reflexive Pronouns when the subject and object are the same. Eg: I-myself,
you-yourself
Exercise 1
Choose the correct words from the box to fill in the blanks.
us
we

his
who them
they
she
my
myself
yourself

1 .. have rice and meat for dinner.

2 The men gave their food to . .
3 .. runs very fast.
4 The car in the porch is . .
5 These kittens belong to sister and I.
6 is the best student in your class?
7 I cooked this meal. .
8 Once a week, she visits .
9 You must do your homework
10 watch television every night.
(Adapted from PMR English Module 2010 JPN Kedah)

Exercise 2
Each question in the text below refers to a numbered blank. For each question, choose the best
answer from the options A, B, C and D to fit the numbered blanks
Ali wanted to buy a present for _______(1) fathers birthday. ________(2)went to a large
departmental store and asked a salesgirl for help. Excuse ________(3), he said. Could you
help me to choose a shirt for________(4) father?
Certainly,________(5) replied. We have a wide range of imported as well as locallymade shirts. What size does ________(6) father wear?
________ (7) am not quite sure, but ________(8) is quite fat and tall, Ali said.
The salesgirl took a few shirts from the rack and showed ________(9) to Ali. Ali chose
one which he hoped ________(10) father would like.
1 A
2 A
3 A
4 A
5 A
6 A
7 A
8 A
9 A
10 A

he
he
I
she
we
you
you
his
it
his

B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B

she
his
me
he
I
your
I
hers
they
her

C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C

his
she
my
I
she
my
my
he
them
their

D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D

her
her
he
my
he
his
she
my
their
my

(Adapted from You Can Do It Volume 2 PMR English JPN Kedah)

Nouns
Words that name people, places, animals, activities or concept. Categories of nouns:
a) Singular or Plural When it refers to one thing, it is singular. When it refers to more
than one, it is plural.
b) Countable or Uncountable Nouns that can be counted are called countable nouns.
Nouns that cannot be counted and there is no change in
spelling are called uncountable nouns.
Exercise 1
Each question in the text below refers to a numbered blank. For each question, choose the best
answer from the options A, B, C and D to fit the numbered blanks
Many people do not know that there are about forty different kinds of cats. Lions,
________(1) and leopards all belong to the cat ________(2). They are wild cats. What we kept
at home are domestic cats which are good as ________(3)
I have a pet________(4) called Fluffy. Every day she waits for me after school at
the________(5). The moment I enter, she starts scratching at my________(6). It is amazing that
with such sharp________(7) she has yet to make holes in my trousers. I have seen how she
gripped and tore the________(8) of a rat with her long curved claws.
Many times I have watched _______(9) across the room. She walks on her toes with
such grace and balance. Very often I do not know she is in the room until she nudges
her________(10) against my leg.
1 A
2 A
3 A
4 A
5 A
6 A
7 A
8 A
9 A
10 A

animals
family
neighbours
dog
roof
dress
eyes
heart
Suzy
body

B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B

people
gang
guests
tiger
school
bag
flesh
flesh
Pussy
legs

C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C

cats
food
friends
lion
doorway
doorway
dress
claws
Fluffy
eyes

D friends
D mammals
D pets
D cat
D house
D trouses
D claws
D dress
D Beauty
D ears

(Adapted from You Can Do It Volume 2 PMR English JPN Kedah)

Articles
A, an and the are called articles. They are used before nouns. Indefinite articles (a
and an) are used with singular uncountable nouns only. A is used with nouns
beginning with consonant (b, c, d, x, y, z) sounds. An is used with nouns beginning
with vowel (a, e, i, o, u) sounds. The definite article (the) is used for both countable and
uncountable nouns. The is used:
a) To refer something that has been mentioned earlier
b) To refer to a particular noun
c) With superlatives (the tallest, the biggest, etc)
d) To show a noun that is unique or one of its kind. (the Antartic, the sun, the moon)

Exercise 1
Each question in the text below refers to a numbered blank. For each question, choose the best
answer from the options A, B, C and D to fit the numbered blanks
Although there are always job vacancies in the private and in the public sector,
________(1) unemployment continue to exist. One reason is that______(2) youth today are
very choosy where _______(3) jobs are concerned. Most of them will be looking for only whitecollar jobs in ________(4) air conditioned offices. Working in ________(5) farms or any jobs that
may get their hand dirty is out of _______(6) question. They prefer to be unemployed rather
than to toil in _______(7) sun. Even _______(8) graduates are fussy in choosing _______(9)
jobs. Many just refuse to work _______(10) low-paying job, even if it is on _______(11)
temporary basis. Its therefore not surprising that many of the school-leavers and ________(12)
fresh graduate are part of unemployed group.
1 A a
B an
C the
D 2 A a
B an
C the
D 3 A a
B an
C the
D 4 A a
B an
C the
D 5 A a
B an
C the
D 6 A a
B an
C the
D 7 A a
B an
C the
D 8 A a
B an
C the
D 9 A a
B an
C the
D 10 A a
B an
C the
D 11 A a
B an
C the
D 12 A a
B an
C the
D ( Adapted from 1201 Question Bank Grammar Pan Asia by JC Lim)

Exercise 2
Each question in the text below refers to a numbered blank. For each question, choose the best
answer from the options A, B, C and D to fit the numbered blanks
Recently, there has been an increasing number of child abuse reported in the mass
media. While it is disturbing to note that _______(1) child abuse is still rampant, it is also
heartening that more and more people are coming forward to report child abuse. This shows
that _______(2) public awareness of child abuse is on ______(3) rise.
Child abuse is indeed _______(4) social evil that has existed for ________(5) long time.
It is prevalent everywhere, in _______(6) underdeveloped as well as developed countries, and
in _______(7) rural as well as urban areas. _______(8) rate of child abuse is probably higher in
_______(9) families faced with _______(10) financial or marital problems.
_________(11) State Welfare Services Department has been doing _______(12)
splendid job in fighting child abuse. Not only does it look after ________(13) abused child, it
also provides counseling service to ________(14) childs parents. However, __________(15)
department has to depend very much on the public for information so that prompt action can be
taken.
1
2
3
4
5

A
A
A
A
A

a
a
a
a
a

B
B
B
B
B

an
an
an
an
an

C
C
C
C
C

the
the
the
the
the

D
D
D
D
D

6 A
7 A
8 A
9 A
10 A
11 A
12 A
13 A
14 A
15 A

a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a

B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B

an
an
an
an
an
an
an
an
an
an

C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C

the
the
the
the
the
the
the
the
the
the

D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D

( Adapted from 1201 Question Bank Grammar Pan Asia by JC Lim)

Subject-Verb Agreement
We use is with a singular subject and are with a plural subject. Sentences with
subjects like each, everyone, one, nobody, everything , neither of, etc, take a
singular verb. Sentences with subjects like all, both, many, some, etc take a plural
verb.
A single subject is followed by a singular verb.
A plural subject is followed by a plural verb.
1
2
3
4

Nobody is allowed to enter the room.

Both of these tins are filled with petrol.
Neither of the pencils is mine.
Neela is tall but her brothers are taller.

Exercise 1
Fill in the blanks with is or are.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

They .. my classmates.
She going to Ipoh with her sister.
It .. a faithful dog.
Each of the girls given a cake.
Everyone present at the meeting.
All of the children tired after the picnic.
Either Gopal or Kim Seng wrong.
Mathematics .. my favourite subject.
These books to be kept in the cupboard.
This group of boys . noisy and mischievous.
(Adapted from PMR English Module 2010 JPN Kedah)

Exercise 2
Fill in the blanks with has , have, do or does.
1 My mother .. gone to the market.
2 All the pupils completed their work.
3 He .. not want to go home yet.
4 . you know where he lives?
5 A lot of dust been collected on the shelf.
6 they like to play badminton?
7 The food she bought. gone bad.
8 None of my friends .. come here before.
9 Some of the trees .. been cut down.
10 . everyone got a drink?
(Adapted from PMR English Module 2010 JPN Kedah)

Exercise 3
Underline the correct answers
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

The birds ( fly, flies ) to their nest.

The children ( hope, hopes ) to receive some good news.
The boy (walk, walks) slowly towards the shop.
I ( take, takes ) a bus home.
The villagers ( shout, shouts ) for help.
The wind (blow, blows ) strongly.
Pn. Ng and her daughters ( love, loves ) to go shopping.
My brother and I ( speak, speaks ) five languages fluently.

9 Aini always ( goes, go ) to the market with her mum.

10 Hardip ( call, calls ) her cousin every month.
(Adapted from PMR English Module 2010 JPN Kedah)

Exercise 4
Each question in the text below refers to a numbered blank. For each question, choose the best
answer from the options A, B, C and D to fit the numbered blanks
The octopus has neither shells nor fins. Its well-developed head_______(1) complex
eyes that provide excellent vision. A footlike part________(2) the front of the head and extend
forward, dividing into eight arms or tentacles. Each arm_______(3) of two rows of adhesive
suckers, which it ________(4) to pull itself along. When it is lying quietly at the bottom of
shallow pool, it ________(5) out its tentacles on the ground. If a crab comes by, it ________(6)
out its tentacles, catches hold of it and _________(7) it into its mouth. Besides crab, octopuses
also__________(8) to eat lobster and other mollusks.
The female octopus is a devoted mother. Each of her eggs ________(9) enclosed in a
capsule that _________(10) itself to an object in the water. There ________(11) always a
number of them close together, with the mother faithfully keeping a virgil. She changes the
water in which they _________(12) by squirting more water over them through her funnelshaped siphon.
1 A had
2 A surround
3 A consists
4 A use
5 A spread
6 A whips
7 A draw
8 A like
9 A is
10 A attaches
11 A is
12 A are lying

B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B

has
surrounds
consist
using
spreading
whip
draws
likes
are
attach
are
lies

C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C

have
surrounding
has consisted
has used
spreads
does
drawing
do
has
attaching
does
lie

D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D

does
has surrounded
consisting
uses
has spread
has whipped
has drawn
are
have
has attached
do
do

( Adapted from 1201 Question Bank Grammar Pan Asia by JC Lim)

Verb Forms
Verbs are action words which says what a noun or pronoun does (run, write, fall, study,
etc). Every sentence must have at least a verb. It can be used:
a) In the simplest present tense
b) In the simple past tense formed by adding -ed or -d to the verb.
c) In the present continuous tense formed by adding -ing to the verb.
d) In the past participle - formed by adding -n or en to the verb.

Example:
Present Tense
widen
soften
carry

Past Tense
widened
softened
carried

Past Participle
widened
softened
carried

feed
sigh
bind
tear
sink
Hit

fed
sighed
bound
tore
sank
hit

fed
sighed
bound
torn
sunk
hit

Exercise 1
Each question in the text below refers to a numbered blank. For each question, choose the best
answer from the options A, B, C and D to fit the numbered blanks
Aida :
Fatin:
Aida :
Fatin:

Fatin, ___(1)___ you _______ my handbag?

No, ___(2)___ you_______ it again?
I___(3)___ I ___(4)___ it.
You seem to misplaced your handbag very often. Now try to recollect where you
___(5)___ it.
Aida : I ___(6)___ on the dressing table but it is not there now.
Fatin: Think again. Where else could you have left your handbag?
Aida : Oh yes, now I ___(7)___. It must be in the car. You see, I ___(8)___ to you while I
getting out of the car.
Fatin: You ___(9)___ very forgetful nowadays. You know, you could be in real trouble if
___(10)___ your handbag.
Aida : I know, thanks for the advice.
1 A
2 A
3 A
4 A
5 A
6 A
7 A
8 A
9 A
10 A

hadseen
havelost
thought
am misplacing
were leaving
was leaving
remember
talked
are getting
lose

B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B

dosee
didlost
think
had misplaced
have left
leave
am remembering
was talking
get
are losing

C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C

couldsee
hadlost
am thinking
have misplaced
are leaving
has left
remembered
have talked
got
lost

D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D

haveseen
dolost
have thought
misplace
would leave
left
have remembered
had talked
have got
have lost

( Adapted from 1201 Question Bank Grammar Pan Asia by JC Lim)

Conjunctions
We use conjunctions to join words, phrases and sentences. Commonly used
conjunctions are and but or because so although unless etc.
Example :
i) There are papayas and bananas for sale.
ii) He tried hard but could not succeed
iii) He slept early because he was tired.
iv) He was not at home so I left.
v) Although he was very sick, he refused to see a doctor.
Exercise 1
Underline the correct conjunction.
1 We were hot (but, and) tired.

2 Ah Leng was intelligent (but, and) lazy.

3 It was very expensive (so, if) I did not buy it.
4 We could not enter (so, because) the gates were locked.
5 You cannot go home (unless, if) you finish your work.
6 He went out (because, although) it was raining heavily.
7 He woke up late (because, if) it was a holiday.
8 You must behave yourself (so, or) he will punish you.
9 We sweated a lot (although, because) the day was hot.
10 He switched on the lights (so that, or) he could read the newspaper.
Exercise 2
Each question in the text below refers to a numbered blank. For each question, choose the best
answer from the options A, B, C and D to fit the numbered blanks
Jaime Berdal advises, If you are going to teach kids, you had better practice what you
preach ___(1)___ as a teacher you make a big impression, for better ___(2)___ for worse. Kids
are set to follow the example you set.
According to him, we can try to set good examples ___(3)___ the youngsters learn the
real lessons through their personal experiences in their lives along the way. He teaches
students the importance of setting priorities in life ___(4)___ fulfilling their commitments. He
says he gets to know his students better ___(5)___ teaching them martial arts. They
affectionately called him guru ___(6)___ teacher. As a teacher, he helps his students to finetune their lives for a happier lifestyle.
Whether one is learning martial arts ___(7)___ living his life; respect, discipline, hard
work ___(8)___ care for others are the foundation in leading a successful life. One cannot just
receive all the times ___(9)___ has to give too, ___(10)___ many would not take the trouble
to do so.
1 A so
2 A or
3 A but
4 A so
5 A or
6 A but
7 A but
8 A but
9 A but
10 A so

B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B

or
but
because
or
so
so
and
because
because
or

C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C

and
because
and
because
and
or
although
so
so
because

D because
D although
D or
D and
D while
D and
D or
D and
D and
D although

( Adapted from 1201 Question Bank Grammar Pan Asia by Ram Kumari)

Modals
Modals are helping (auxiliary) verbs. Some examples of modals are can, could, will, may,
might, must, should and would. They are placed before verbs in the base form (infinitive) to
express a persons opinion, attitude or judgment.
1) She must complete the homework.
2) They should stop smoking
Exercise 1
Underline the correct answers

1. I could have ( do, done ) it myself.

2. Will you ( dances, dance ) with me?
3. Paul could ( feed, fed ) himself when he was three years old.
4. We must ( attend, attends ) the meeting.
5. They should ( pay, pays ) attention in class.
6. You must not ( dirty, dirtied ) your clothes.
7. May I ( borrow, borrows ) your book?
8. They could have ( take, taken ) the money by mistake.
9. She will ( wait, waits ) for us at the bus stop.
10. I shall ( sleep, slept ) in my own room.
(Adapted from PMR English Module 2010 JPN Kedah)

Exercise 2
Complete the dialogue using the most suitable modals in the brackets.
Anis
Aina
Anis
Aina
Anis
Aina
Anis
Aina
Anis
Aina
Anis
Aina
Anis
Aina
Anis
Aina
Anis
Aina

: When was the last time we had a reunion with our schoolmates?
: I dont remember. Its been such a long time.
: I think we (would/should/must) have one. It (would/should/must) be nice to
catch up with everyone.
: Good idea. When (would/might/could) (1) you like to have it?
: How about this Thursday? We (will/must/can) (2) have the gathering at my
house.
: Im sorry, I (couldnt/cant/wont) (3) make it on Thursday. How about Saturday
instead? Around 6.00 pm?
: Thats fine with me. Do you think we (will/shall/ought to) (4) have food during the
gathering?
: Of course. We (cant/mustnt/wont) (5) have a gathering without food.
: I just knew (should/would/could) (6) say that. Alright, we (will/must/would) (7)
have some pasta and fruit punch
: and BBQ chicken and sausages? How about pizza, salad, maybe some
French fries, and apples for
: Aina, you (can/must/will) (8) be joking? We (cant/shouldnt/wont) (9) be able to
afford all the food. It (should/will/ought to) (10) be quite pricey.
: Dont worry. We (can/might/may) (11) ask everyone to chip in. That way, we
(mustnt/wont/shouldnt) (12) have to pay for everything.
: Well, that (can/shall/might) (13) be a good idea. But it (might/must/will) (14) also
be a mistake.
: Why?
: You know our friends. Some (must/will/may) (15) not agree if they have to
contribute money.
: Thats absurd. But if they do disagree about helping to pay for the food, then I
think they (mustnt/shouldnt/couldnt) (16) come.
: I suppose you are right. They (ought to/can/shall) (17) understand. But just be
prepared, you (shall/may/must) (18) need to cajole them.
: No problem. Everything (will/can/would) (19) turn out just fine. We
(could/should/might) (20) have our best reunion yet.
(Adapted from Longman Super Score English by Sooria Kumari, Doreen Da Costa, Ranee Helen)

Adjectives
Adjectives describes a noun or a pronoun. it responds to the what kind, which one and how
much or how many.

Comparison of adjectives takes four forms which are:

the positives form (asas) to compare two equal nouns.
Example:
Ali is as tall as Abu.
The cake is as sweet as the cookies.
the comparative form (-er than) to compare two unequal nouns.
Example:
Mei Ling is thinner than Asha.
My pencil is shorter than yours.
the superlatives form (the-est) to compare three or more unequal nouns.
Example:
Who is the richest man in the world?
Aisha is the prettiest among her friends.
the irregular form
Example:
Positive

Comparative

Superlative

good
bad
little
many
much

better
worse
less
more
more

best
worst
least
most
most

Exercise 1
Each question in the text below refers to a numbered blank. For each question, choose the best
answer from the options A, B, C and D to fit the numbered blanks
Ajit won the ___(1)___ prize at the swimming competition. During the heat, he was
as ___(2)___ as the wind. He was___(3)___ than his best friend, Rohan. In fact, he clocked the
___(4)___ time to become the champion. His interest in swimming began when he was in
primary school. He was as ___(5)___ as ant. When he went up the rostrum to receive the
trophy, it was the ___(6)___ moment in his life. Although the trophy was not as ___(7)___ as
gold or diamonds, he treasured it nevertheless. Every day he wiped it and it was the ___(8) ___
trophy among his collection. He was very ___(9)____ of his achievements and showed off his
trophies to his friends. He is the ___(10)___ among his friends.
1 A first
2 A fast
3 A good
4 A good
5 A hard working
6 A happy
7 A expensive
8 A shiny
9 A proud
10 A humble

B one
B faster
B better
B better
B more hardworking
B happier
B more expensive
B shinier
B prouder
B humbler

C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C

great
fastest
best
best
most hardworking
happiest
most expensive
shiniest
proudest
humblest

(Adapted from 1201 Question Bank Grammar Pan Asia by Ram Kumari)

Exercise 2
Fill in the blanks with the correct answer.
the most important
more important than
the most famous
grand

important

Prince William and Prince Henry are members of British Royal family. Prince William
is an ____________(1) figure in the British Royal family. However, Prince Charles is the next in
line to the throne, so he is __________(2) Prince William. Queen Elizabeth is the head of the
Royal family and monarch of Great Britain. She is ___________(3) members of all. The royal
family often hosts _____________(4) functions for dignitaries from other countries. They reside
in ______________(5) place in United Kingdom Buckingham Palace.
(Adapted from Longman Gusto! Grammar Workout Form 3)

Adverbs
Adverbs are words that give extra information to a verb, an adjective or another adverb.
It usually end in ly. In a sentence, it responds to the question of how, when, where and how
often.
Example
a) Siti sings beautifully.(how?)
b) The robbery victim called the police later that day. (when?)
c) Take the exercise books here. (where?)
d) The girl frequently goes to the school library. (how often?)
Exercise 1
Fill in the blanks with suitable Adverbs.
1. He is a careless driver. He drives ___________.
2. He is very polite. He always speaks __________.
3. Ahmad is a fast runner. He can run very __________.
4. Sarah is a good painter. People say that she can paint __________.
5. Alisah is a good singer. She can sing __________ than her brother.
6. You should work __________if you want to pass with flying colours.
7. Alizah ___________ visits her grandmother.
8. Fatima is a good person. She always thinks __________ of other people.
9. Kassim is sounds asleep. He is sleeping _________ after a tiring day at the office.
10. The children looked very happy. They were playing ___________ in the garden.
11. The roses smelled sweet. M y mother smiled __________ at me when I gave them, to
her.
12. This is an easy question. I can answer the question __________.
(Adapted from One stop Discover English by Zuriah Azmi)

Exercise 2
Read the dialogue below and choose the most suitable adverb for the adverb below.
Azal
Sara

: What are your plans (1) (immediately / just / soon) after you finish your
examination?
: I have not decided, but most (2) (certainly / likely / unusually) I will visit my

Azali
Sara
Azali
Sara
Azali
Sara

uncle in Seremban.
: I (3) (before / never / now) knew you had an uncle there. What does he do for a
living?
: He owns a fruit orchard. The bulk of his income comes from selling electrical
appliances. In spite of his wealth, he (4) (never / often / seldom) shows off.
And, what about your plans?
: As you know, my parents run a small food outlets. They (5) (deeply / hardly /
sadly) have the time to think of holidays. I will (6) (better / likely / immediately)
be called to help out because they cannot afford to employ workers.
: Today is (7) (exceptionally / strangely / seriously) hot. How about joining me for
a drink.
: I will (8) (gladly / happily / specially) accompany you if you are prepared to
give me a treat.
: Okay. I will foot the bill. Lets go.
(Adapted from Pelangi Total Grammar by Francis Foo, Hamidah Hamid)

Phrasal Verb
A phrasal verb is a verb that has two parts. The first part is the verb while the second part can
be a preposition, an adverb or both.
Example
a) It is impossible to break down this wall with a hammer.
b) The match was suddenly called off.
c) The burglar broke into the house and stole all the jewellery.
Exercise 1
Ever since Azilah (1) (moved to / moved into) the city, she doesnt visit her
grandmother often. She doesnt even called anymore to (2) (ask after / ask for) her
grandmothers health. It is really sad as they used to be really close before Azilah left for the big
city. People said the city can change a person. They can get (3) (caught up / caught out) in the
rat race and forget those that matter in their life.
They (4) (give up / give in) their old life and start anew. It is like they are rejecting
their old self and trying to (5) (look for / look after) a new image. It is hard to think of Azilah in
that way. Before she left for the city, she would (6) (come by/ come in) the house and sit with his
grandmother for hours just talking about anything they fancied.
Now, her grandmother just sits by the window waiting for Azilah to (7) (walk in / walk
up) the driveway and wave to her like she used to. She wishes for Azilah to do that on this
special day. But there is no sign of her. Hello, Grandma, Happy Birthday, comes a familiar
voice from behind her. Azilah has (8) (snuck up / snuck in) on her and surprised her.
(Adapted from Total Grammar Penerbitan Pelangi)

Revision Exercise
Exercise 1
It is easy to __(1)__ a cake. All you need __(2)__ some flour, sugar and butter. You may
__(3)__ some eggs too. First, you must __(4)__ the flour, sugar and butter well. Then,
add the eggs. After __(5)__ the eggs, it is ready to be baked. Finally, the cake __(6)__

ready to be served.
1
2
3
4
5
6

A
A
A
A
A
A

bake
is
added
mixing
add
is

B
B
B
B
B
B

bakes
are
adds
mixes
adds
are

C
C
C
C
C
C

baking
was
add
mix
adding
was

D
D
D
D
D
D

baked
were
adding
mixed
added
were

Exercise 2
Ahmad was admitted to the hospital because he met with an accident two days ago. His
friends heard about __ (1)___ accident. They ___(2)___ him and brought ___ (3)__some fruits.
He was happy to __(4)__ his friends. The doctor who treated Ahmad said that he could __(5)__
the hospital in three days time. After __(6)__ to Ahmad and his friends, he went to another
patient.
1 A a
2 A visited
3 A he
4 A saw
5 A leave
6 A talked
Exercise 3

B
B
B
B
B
B

an
visit
she
sees
left
talking

C
C
C
C
C
C

the
visits
him
seeing
leaves
talks

D
D
D
D
D
D

visiting
her
see
leaving
talk

Three robbers in Kelantan used a coconut to ______ (1) a lorry attendant of his mobile
phone. When the attendant ____(2) , one robber hit him with a coconut. As the victim_____(3),
the robbers _______(4) the mobile phone and fled. Before ____(5), they warned him not to
report to the police.
1
2
3
4
5

A
A
A
A
A

robbed
refuse
falls
snatching
leaving

B
B
B
B
B

robbing
refused
fell
snatches
leaves

C
C
C
C
C

rob
refuses
falling
snatched
left

D
D
D
D
D

robs
refusing
fallen
snatch
leave

Exercise 4
Cats are interesting and adorable creatures. At times, they may _____(1) distant and
even unfriendly. Unlike dogs, which ____(2) often quite friendly, cats seem to ________(3) to
themselves a lot. They _____(4) not normally demonstrative but there are many cat lovers who
_____(5) them lovable and cuddly.
1
2
3
4
5

A
A
A
A
A

seemed
is
kept
are
found

Exercise 5

B
B
B
B
B

seem
was
keeping
were
find

C
C
C
C
C

seems
are
keep
was
finding

D
D
D
D
D

seemingly
were
keeps
is
finds

Maniam was caught stealing money and jewellery from his parents. His parents ______(1) him
for being a drug addict, so he ______(2) away from home. He disappeared for two years. Then,
one day, he arrived at his parents house and ______(3) for money. When they refused to
____(4) him any money, Maniam became very angry. His parents had to ______(5) the police to
arrest him.
1) A. scolds
2) A. run
3) A. demanded
4) A. gave
5) A. call

B. scolded
B. ran
B. demands
B. give
B. called

C. scolding
C. runs
C. demand
C. gives
C. calls

D. scold
D. running
D. demanding
D. giving
D. calling

Exercise 6
Questions 1 8
Each question in the text below refers to a numbered blank. For each question, choose the best
answer from the options A, B, C and D to fit the numbered blank.
There are many ways a teenager who has problems can _________(1) help. He
or she can see the school counselor and _________(2) him or her the problems. They can
also talk to their friends, who may not be able to give much _________(3) but will help
_________(4) listening to the problems. This helps a lot especially if the emotions are kept
for a long time.
Another way is to talk to their family members. They can either talk to their parents,
brothers, sisters or relatives. Teenagers usually do not like to talk to their family members
because they are either _________(5) or afraid. They do not know that these are the
_________(6) people who will be able to help them. Whatever the problem, teenagers
should understand that there is always a _________(7) and a person willing
_________(8) help.
1. A fine
2. A tell
3. A worry
4. A to
5. A shy
6. A best
7. A problem

B find
B tells
B advice
B by
B deaf
B worst
B solution

C found
C told
C advices
C for
C brave
C worse
C reason

D finding
D telling
D problems
D with
D humble
D better
D confession

8. A to

B by

C for

D with

Exercise 7
Questions 1-8
Each question in the text below refers to a numbered blank. For each question,
choose the best answer from the options A, B, C, and D to fit the numbered
blanks.
My family and I went to Pulau Langkawi last week. We took a bus from Ipoh to the jetty
at Kuala Perlis. When we reached Kuala Perlis, we boarded (1) ferry to Pulau
Langkawi. When I spotted the large statue of an eagle, I (2) excited.
We stayed in a four-star hotel. It was (3) and the view was stunning. We
could see the seaside (4) our hotel rooms. The water (5) crystal clear.
The next day, we (6) shopping. Pekan Kuah is a shopping heaven. We saw
busloads of people going there to shop. You can find household items, crystal ware,
handicrafts (7) even beautiful silk material in Pekan Kuah. My mother felt at home
here, as shopping is (8) favourite pastime.
We left the island early the next morning. We will be going there again next year.
1. A that
2. A is
3. A comfort
4. A at
5. A look
6. A go
7. A or
8. A our

B the
B are
B comforting
B to
B looks
B goes
B so

C one
C was
C comfortable
C with
C looked
C went
C but

B her

D an
D were
D comforted
D from
D looking
D going
D and

C his

D my

Exercise 8
Questions 1 8
Each question in the text below refers to a numbered blank. For each question, choose the best
answer from the options A, B, C and D to fit the numbered blanks.
Marisas family was very poor. When her father died, the family became even ____ (1).
Her mother went out to work. ______ (2) school, Marisa and her brother washed dishes in
restaurants to earn extra money. ______ (3) worked hard. They studied hard. They
refused to give up and to______ (4) of school.
Marisa did very ______ (5) in her STPM and qualified to study medicine in the
university. ______ (6), the family had no money to support her. So, after class, she
worked in ______ (7) supermarket. She also taught tuition. Her mother and brother
______ (8) extra jobs to support her. When Marisa qualified as a doctor, her photograph
appeared in the newspapers. She was a role model for all poor children.
1A
2A
3A
4A
5A
6A

poor
Over
They
drop in
well
In spite of

B
B
B
B
B
B

poorer
Since
Them
drop out
good
Therefore

C
C
C
C
C
C

poorly
After
Their
drop off
best
Moreover

D
D
D
D
D
D

poorest
Among
Themselves
drop away
better
Unfortunately

7A a
8 A take

B the
B takes

C an
C took

D D taken
(Adapted from PMR English Module 2010 JPN Kedah)

PAST YEAR EXERCISE

PMR 2010
Question 11 18 are based on the following text.
Ever had a common cold? It is infection occurring in the nose and throat. It is caused by
viruses and normally ____(11)___ two to five days to recover. Viruses causing common colds
are very contagious and ___(12)____ spread by sneezes and coughs.
The symptoms of a cold are runny nose and weepy eyes. ___(13)___ people also suffer
from sore throat, headache and fever.
Preventive measures can be taken to avoid being bitten ___(14)___ a cold bug. Firstly,
avoid touching your eyes, nose and mouth with your hands. ___(15)___, always cover your
mouth when sneezing. It is advisable to use tissues rather than handkerchiefs as they can be
discarded after use. Besides, avoid sharing utensils and personal items. Lastly, avoid contact
with others suffering from cold.
If you suffer ___(16)___ a cold, you should rest. Resting helps to build up ___(17)___
immune system. Drinking at least eight glasses of water a day helps loosen mucus, enabling
you to cough or blow out ___(18)___ . You can also gargle with warm, salty water to ease throat
irritations.
If all these fail to relieve your problem, consult a doctor.
11. A
12. A
13. A
14. A
15. A
16. A
17. A
18. A

take
is
All
by
Finally
of
its
easy

B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B

takes
are
Less
from
Later
for
our
easily

C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C

taken
was
Few
with
Next
with
your
easier

D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D

taking
were
Some
in
Soon
from
their
easiest