UNIVERSIDAD DE MANILA

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

HOME AUTOMATION: AUTOMATIC SWITCHING ON/OFF

USING ANDROID PHONE VIA BLUETOOTH

SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF REQUIREMENTS FOR THE

MICROPROCESSOR SYSTEM

BY:
TUNGCAB, RONA ANGELYNE F.
PASCUA, RONNABELLE P.
CRUZ, JUSTINE ROCEL A.
HALILI, CHRISTINE D.
MAQUINAD, ARIEL T.
ROCA, MA. MELISSA
ALIPIO, MARVIN G.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1: THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
A. INTRODUCTION
B. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
C. OBJECTIVES
D. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
E. SCOPE AND LIMITATION
F. DEFINITION OF TERMS
CHAPTER 2: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES
A. LITERATURE
B. FOREIGN STUDIES
C. LOCAL STUDIES
CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
A. METHOD OF RESEARCH USED
B. SOURCES OF DATA
C. DATA GATHERING PROCEDURES
D. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
CHAPTER 4: PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF
DATA
A. DESIGN
B. TESTING
CHAPTER 5: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
A. SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
B. CONCLUSION
C. RECOMMENDATION

CHAPTER 1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
A. INTRODUCTION
Devices are sometimes left plugged into power sockets whereas others are
supposed to be plugged into and out of power sockets at different intervals depending
on the time of the day. All this requires an individual to manually attend to each of the
devices independently from time to time.
Have you ever imagined yourself turning ON/OFF your appliances while you are
just sitting on your couch or while you are resting on your bed? Do you ever think of
switching your appliances with just a touch of your finger? Does it come into your
mind of using your Smartphone as your remote control? If that is the case, then, you
are imagining of home automation or simply Smart home. Generally, home
automation is the control of any or all electrical devices in our home. It is also refers
to the use of computer and information technology to control home appliances and
features (such as windows or lighting). It may include centralized control of lighting,
HVAC (heating, ventilation and air conditioning), appliances, and other systems, to
provide improved convenience, comfort, energy efficiency and safety. The popularity
of home automation has been increasing greatly in recent years due to much higher
affordability and simplicity through Smartphone and tablet connectivity. The concept
of the Internet of things has tied in closely with the popularization of home
automation.
This proposal focuses mainly on automatic switching ON/OFF of appliances. The
project is developed using a microcontroller to control the command signal received
from Smartphone using Bluetooth and then will trigger the relay to turn on and off the
connected home appliances. Android application is the center of this control to send
command signals to microcontroller.
A. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

One of the problems that have been cited is the inconvenience of the disabled and
elderly people. Inconvenience in terms of attending to the appliances just to plug
and/or unplug it using their own hand. Doing those kind of things may sometimes
cause more trouble due to their impairment. Fast-paced technology which some
elderly people do not know how to use that brings inconvenience to their living.
Other problems are fire which is at times due to overheating of devices that lessens
the level of safety inside your home and high electric cost through continuous power
consumption of unplugged appliances that limits the allocation of your money. With
these issues, they then decided to propose a microcontroller-based automatic switch
using Bluetooth-enabled devices which will enable one to remotely switch and
manage his appliances from a specific range inside or outside his home.
B. OBJECTIVES

The main purpose of this project is to develop home automation specifically

automatic switching ON/OFF of appliances which is being remotely controlled by a
command signal from Android phone via Bluetooth. In this project, they will be able
also to:
i.
ii.
iii.

Help elderly and handicapped people live a more convenient life.

Design cost efficient and improve safety system.
Provide an easy-to-use environment.

C. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

Today, automation technology is gaining more recognition among the people not
just for home modification but in industrial and business sectors too. Home
automation technology is constantly improving its flexibility by incorporating
modernized features to satisfy the increasing demand of the people. We live in a time
unlike any other. With so many technological advancements at our fingertips, our
lives are made easier, which fortunate is considering the fast-paced lives most of us

lead. In recent years, great strides have been made in making homes a bit more tech
savvy.
Equipment and other electric powered gadgets, such as home appliances and
lighting are all instantly switch and people do not need to have a hand on it. Modern
houses are gradually shifting from conventional switches to centralized control
system, involving remote controlled switches. Presently, conventional wall switches
located in different parts of the house makes it difficult for the user to go near them to
operate. Even more it becomes more difficult for the elderly or physically
handicapped people to do so. Wireless switching of appliances provides a most
modern solution with smart phones.
There are many factors that are responsible for home automation's growing
importance. Some important benefits of home automation are listed below:
a. Affordable: Home automation process doesn't require a huge sum of money to
modify your home. This is one of the important reasons for its growing
popularity among the homeowners. You can save a lot of money if you plan to
automate your home during its construction process.
b. Easy to use: You can operate and access the automation technology with ease
due to its simple procedures that are easy to learn and implement. Centralized
control system is used to control the overall operations of different equipment,
which ultimately reduces your burden and allows you to operate the devices
with a single button click.
c. Enhanced performance: Proper wiring and computer control are the important
factors that determine the effective performance of the automation technology.
Usually, home automation systems that are installed using professional
installers are reliable and perform all its operation effectively without causing
frequent failures.

d. Improves the security features: One of the important uses of home automation
technology is that its ability to enhance the security features of the home
without demanding a huge home renovation. For example, you can monitor
the entire security systems by making use of video surveillance system.
Besides, you can use motion detector to detect even the slightest movements
around your home without the need for wandering.
e. Safe: Automation systems are installed carefully and are integrated under one
centralized control unit, which ultimately secures the people.
f. Energy saving: By controlling temperature and lighting based on the
programmed schedules, automation systems reduce the energy bills
considerably. Now, you can move to distant places without any worries
regarding your energy bills by making use of automation systems.
The key value of the smart home will be in situations that can help to make
peoples lives easier. Smart homes have the potential to improve the accessibility of
technology, allowing users to control aspects of a room through their devices. Rather
than encouraging laziness, if employed properly, this can provide help for both
individual users and organizations. Indeed, many of the current deployments of
connected technology are in homes for people with accessibility needs.
Another setting we can see 'smart home' technology being valuable in is hospitals:
patients could control their beds and the temperature in their room all through their
Smartphone, a device they are already comfortable with as opposed to an unfamiliar
remote control. Systems can range from simple remote control of lighting through to
complex computer/micro-controller based networks with varying degrees of
intelligence and automation. Home automation is adopted for reasons of ease,
security and energy efficiency
D. SCOPE AND LIMITATION
Scope
1. Powered by 220V AC.

2. Installation of Blueterm Application in Android phone is necessary.

3. Bluetooth is manually turned on and off.
4. Password is being used to allow authorized users only from accessing the
appliances at home automatically.
5. Once paired, password will not be needed.
6. TURN ON: Press 1 to activate device 1, press 2 to activate device 2, press 3 to
activate device 3, and press 4 to activate device 4.
7. TURN OFF: Press A/a to deactivate device 1, press B/b to deactivate device 2,
press C/c to deactivate device 3, and press D/d to deactivate device 4.
8. The system has four available outlets but the maximum number of output pin
in the microcontroller is thirteen.
Limitations
1.
2.
3.
4.

Android operating system only.

One at a time connection only.
Standard range is approximately 10 meters.
Absolute maximum ratings of 40mA DC current per I/O pin of the

microcontroller.
5. The distance and range of Bluetooth is dependent on the location of
appliances from the system.
E. DEFINITION OF TERMS
Android
An operating system for smartphone and other device, developed by Android, Inc.
and later purchased by Google. The Android platform is based on the Linux operate
system, and feature numerous applications apps developed by Google and by thirdparty developer. Phones running the Android operating system are the primary
competitor to Apple's IPhone, and are the best-seller smartphones global.
Android phone
The Android cell phone is a cell phone running the Android OS. A typical Android
cell phone is a smartphone with a touch screen interface, multiple connectivity
options, Internet browsing capabilities, support for video playback and a camera.

Automatic
It means having controls that allow something to work or happen without being
directly controlled by a person
Automation
The technique of making an apparatus, a process, or a system operates
automatically.
Bluetooth
It is a public standard (802.15.1) intended for short-range, low-power wireless
transmissions. It is used for connecting consumer electronics such as a wireless
keyboard or mouse to a PC.
Controller
Device that controls other devices using wireless network. There are a variety of
controllers available including hand-held remote controls, central gateway controllers
that provide access to the Internet and PC software (via USB) that can control your
network from anywhere in the world.
Device
A Device is a specific electronic product that can be controlled through
the wireless network. The device can be a local wireless controller, which controls a
specific light or appliance (usually connected to it by mains wiring), or a sensor that
provides input to the network. Each Device is seen as a network Node.
Gizduino (Arduino clone)
An open source computing platform based on a simple input/output (I/O) board
and the use of standard programming language; simply, it is a tool for implementing a
program you have designed.
Home Automation

All aspects of adding switch to your home and appliances. It can be as simple as
adding remote switch to a few lights, or creating a more complex system that includes
automatic sensors and security systems.
Infrared
Infrared (IR) is invisible radiant energy, electromagnetic radiation with longer
wavelengths than those of visible light, extending from the nominal red edge of the
visible spectrum at 700 nanometers (frequency 430 THz) to 1 mm (300 GHz)
(although people can see infrared up to at least 1050 nm in experiments). Most of the
thermal radiation emitted by objects near room temperature is infrared.
LED
Stands for Light Emitting Diode. These modern light bulbs use very little power typically 10% of the traditional incandescent bulbs.
Microcontroller
A small computer on a single integrated circuit containing a processor core,
memory, and programmable input/output peripherals.
Module
A device that adds wireless switch to lights or appliances. For instance a dimmer
module enables you to switch a lamp wirelessly.
Network
Two

or

more devices connected

together

is

called

Network.

This

enables devices to be switched and to communicate with each other. For home
automation we typically refer to a Wireless Network as a Network.
Pin Mode
It configures the specified pin to behave either as an input or an output.

Relay
A wireless controlled device that switches the On/Off state of a local appliance
(load). The relay switches the power going to the load via standard mains cables. The
term relay is normally associated with Inserts and Modules that switch appliances of
more than 600W (not lights).
Smartphone
A smartphone or smart phone is a mobile phone with an advanced mobile
operating system which combines features of a personal computer operating

system with other features useful for mobile or handheld use

Tech savvy
Tech savvy means knows more about modern technology, especially computer.
Wireless Network
A Network on which the devices communicate wirelessly using radio waves (RF).
Wi-Fi, Lightwave RF, Z-Wave and ZigBee are all wireless network technologies.
ZigBee
ZigBee is an IEEE 802.15.4-based specification for a suite of high-level
communication protocols used to create personal area networks with small, lowpower digital radios.
CHAPTER 2
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND LIMITATIONS

This chapter will explain about the review of the works and studies from other
researchers that were related to the development of this project, which is Home
Automation: Automatic Switching ON/OFF using Android phone via Bluetooth. The
literature review is a continuous part that should be done until this project is
successfully developed.

A. LITERATURE

A smart home is a "home equipped with lighting, heating, and electronic devices
that can be controlled remotely by a Smartphone or computer". Home automation
used to be something of a science fiction concept, as we can see from Microsofts
amusing 90s vision of the smart home. But now that technology has advanced, home
automation is actually happening. We can now control our TVs and set-top boxes
from our phones or tablets, control our lights using Bluetooth-enabled devices. Apps
are at the center of helping to control our homes, allowing us and our homes to be
smarter and better connected.
When people think about home automation, most of them may imagine living in
a smart home: One remote controller for every household appliance, cooking the rice
automatically, starting air conditioner automatically, heating water for bath
automatically and shading the window automatically when night coming. To some
extent home automation equals to smart home. They both bring out smart living
condition and make our life more convenient and fast. People at that time understood
that a smart home is not owing to how well it is built, not how effectively it uses
space, not due to how it is environmentally friendly. It is only because of how
interactive technologies that it contains. Those are still useful rules for home
automation technology today. Below are some related studies about the home
automation using different processes to make a better smart home.
B. FOREIGN STUDIES

The content of this section is from research paper work written by Abdurrahman
Bin Suratman. Bachelor of Electrical Engineering. (June 2014). Android Smart
Switch for Smart Home. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.
B.1. Related Study

Generally, Smart Switch system for Smart Home is developed consists of two
major parts that are smart switch device and access point. This device is
connected to electrical appliances that can be controlled using sensor and
remotely controlled through access point.
B.1.1. Wireless Switch in Smart Home Application
This research paper work is written by Mohd Ridzuan Bin Johary,
Bachelor of Electrical Engineering (Microelectronics), Universiti Teknologi
Malaysia, June 2012. In this research, the project used PIC18F4620
microcontroller as a main controller device of a remote control system and
PIC16F628A microcontroller for a smart switch device as shown in Figure 2.1
and Figure 2.2. The communication system between two devices is the radio
frequency (RF) with operating frequency 315 MHz. The performance of the
system is depends on the distance between smart switch and remote control
device. The weakness of this project is the switch can only be switched ON
and OFF by using only single controller and cannot been turn ON and
OFF manually without the controller. The smart switch that has been
developed by researcher is shown in Figure 2.1 and Figure 2.2.

Figure 2.1: Smart switch device

Figure 2.2: The main controller of remote control

B.1.2. Smart Switch Energy Saving For Lighting System

This research paper work is written by Nor Khairunnisa Binti Sidek,

Bachelor of Engineering (Electrical), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, July
2012. The type of sensors use for smart switch was studied in this work. In
this research, the project used PIC 18F8452 microcontroller and
GP2Y0A21YK infrared sensor to develop a smart switch as shown in Figure
2.3 and Figure 2.4. The performance of this smart switch depends on the range
of the infrared sensor. Figure 2.5 shows the performance of the infrared sensor
on smart switch against the peoples height because the infrared sensor was
located above a door to trigger the motion of people come through that door.
Figure 2.4 shows the infrared sensor used, is quite expensive to implement
and it did not use a communication system to control the smart switch
wirelessly.

Figure 2.3: PIC 18F8452 microcontroller

Figure 2.4: GP2Y0A21YK infrared sensor

Figure 2.5: The graph sensor against the peoples height

B.1.3. Home Automation Using GSM
This research paper work is written by Carelin Felix and I. Jacob Raglend
Member, IEEE (2011). In this research paper the communication system
between all appliances in the house into a single communication device has

been studied. This project used PIC microcontroller for both appliances and
communication device as shown in Figure 2.6 and Figure 2.7. The ZigBee has
been used to transfer the information between appliances and communication
device. The ZigBee uses IEEE 802.15.4 of radio frequency (RF)
communication standard (refer to figure 2.7) [13]. The communication device
use GSM to receive command from mobile phone (refer to figure 2.6). This
smart switch can be control using smart phone, however it is cannot monitor
the appliances in the house.

Figure 2.6: Communication device using GSM

Figure 2.7: Appliance device using ZigBee

B.2. Smart Switches Available In Market
Nowadays, smart switch technology is expanding rapidly. There are many
type of smart switches that are already available in current market. This
technology is widely implemented in universities and homes.
B.2.1. Smart Switch Using Motion Sensor

Figure 2.8: Smart infrared sensor switch

Motion sensor released infrared rays that can detect motion of the human
body within the detection area to turn ON the switch. The detection of
motion will transform into an electrical signal by interrupt the current of the
infrared circuit to trigger the switch. This smart switch only turns ON if it
detects motion in a room and will turn off within the given time. It may be
difficult for a user to turn OFF the switch into sleep mode.
B.2.2 Smart switch using Wi-Fi and Cellular Connection Smartphone
Home Remote

Figure 2.9: Belkin F7C030fc WeMo Light Switch

This product manually turn ON and OFF by touching the button on
the switch. It is compatible with Android devices to control the switch using
home Wi-Fi network. Belkin provides free WeMo App for Android.

This chapter discussed on smart switch system, sensor and wireless

communication. It discussed about previous project that was made to build smart
switch system. The explanations are more about the microcontroller, sensor and

wireless communication that was used. Brief explanations about the type of smart
switch available in market.
C. LOCAL STUDIES

Based on the article from Dayrit property Sales and Leasing Corporation. (2013).
Home Automation | Future of Condo Living in the Philippines. Retrieved from
http://www.dayritproperties.com/2013/10/home-automation-future-of-condo-livingin-the-philippines/. For countless years, home automation is the exclusive domain of
the rich or extremely techie people.

In the Philippines, we hardly ever heard about home automation as we Filipinos

still rely on the manual and the traditional. The cost of setting it up is priced almost
like buying a new house.
Just by reading tech news in Google, major phone carriers have gotten into the
act, and rumors suggest Google, Apple, Microsoft and other consumer electronics
companies are working on home automation. It is likely that home automation is in
the process of making a transition to commoditize the technology starting of course
with first world countries like the US.
A known real estate developer who has a project in Mandaluyong kick starts the
trend in home automation by the first future ready home. They offer unit owners the
opportunity to enjoy the seamless and connected lifestyle within the confines of their
own automated home.
Through home automation, residents are allowed to control their home appliances,
lights, curtains, and even the thermostat can be switched on or off with the press of a
button on their Smartphone or tablet.
Wireless home automation has been attempted for decades with minimal or no
success. If a company can offer a solution that simply works and secure and of course
cost effective, home automation will be a trend.

CHAPTER 3
RESEARCH AND METHODOLOGY

A. METHOD OF RESEARCH USED

In this chapter the results of the data analysis are presented. The data were
collected and then processed in response to the problems posed in Chapter 1 of this
study. The fundamental goals drove the collection of the data and the subsequent data
analysis.
Residents if they are using Android phones and 65% of which said that they are
using such phone. Another question is asked and 50% of the total respondents said
that they are familiar on Home Automation and will consider adding Home
Automation in their household. In relation to this, the researcher could presume that
in the said percentage, a considerable number could possibly use the project.
Appendix A is a copy of the survey questionnaire provided by the researcher.

20%
25%

55%

Comfort/convenienc
e
Security
Energy
Cool features

Figure 3.1: Factors in adding home automation system

The last question was about the importance of electrical functions. Respondents
were asked to rank home appliances according to its degree of importance being 1 as
the most important and 4 as the least important. Figure 3.2 shows the result of the
survey having automatic control of light as the most important based on the gathered
data.

19%

Automatic Control
of light
Turn off/on
Television
Turn on/off electric
fan
Disconnect charger
from socket

8%
55%

18%

Figure 3.2: Ranking of home appliances according to its degree of importance.

B. SOURCES OF DATA
Abdurrahman Bin Suratman. (2014). Android Smart Switch for Smart Home.
Universiti

Teknologi

Malaysia.

Retrieved

from

http://portal.fke.utm.m/abdurrahmanbinsuratman/2014
Lifehacker. (2015). A Guide to the Smart Home in 2015: What are the Trends and
What Do You Need to Know? Retrieved from
http://www.lifehacker.co.uk/2015/01/20/guide-smart-home-2015-trends-needknow

C. DATA GATHERING PROCEDURES

CHAPTER 4
PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

A. DESIGN
A centralized controller can be used to control appliances in your home. The
design uses ATMEGA328 microcontroller board as the controlling unit of the system,
Android phone as input device and the home appliances as output device. The
connection between the input and the control unit is wireless using Bluetooth. Figure
4.1 shows the block diagram of the system.

Input

Bluetooth
Cellphone command signal

Power 220V Supply

Process

Microcontroller

Output

Relay Appliances On/Of

Fig. 4.1: Block Diagram of Home Automation Power-Controlled Switch

A Bluetooth shield is interfaced to the microcontroller board at the receiver end

while on the transmitter end, an Android application is necessary to send ON/OFF
commands to the receiver where loads are connected, if the app is not installed the
system does not make sense. By touching the specified input on the application, the
loads can be turned ON/OFF remotely through this wireless technology.

A.1. Algorithm

This section will explain the step-by-step process of how the system was
developed.
A.1.1 Parts and Components

In order to start the design of the project, you will be needing the parts and
components listed below.

Fig. 4.1: ATMEGA328 Gizduino microcontroller board.

Fig. 4.2: Bluetooth Shield

Fig. 4.3: Relay card

Fig. 4.4: 12V DC Power Adapter

Fig. 4.5: Extension cord

Fig. 4.6: Some wires and jumper wires

Fig. 4.7: Android phone with Blueterm application

A.1.2. Microcontroller Program

Before proceeding with the hardware connections of the project. You need
to compile and upload a program in your microcontroller for you to control
the system. The program must be appropriate with the process that you want
to achieve. In this section, the code that the researcher used will be provided
below for development and/or modification.

A.1.3. Schematic Diagram

The connection of the parts and components will be showed in this

section. Make sure to follow the connection especially the proper wiring of
supply and ground from the source. It may damage one of your component or
worst is your whole system. Figure 4.8 shows the schematic diagram of this
project with a single load only.

Fig. 4.8: Schematic Diagram connecting a single appliance.

In the figure above, they used Arduino as their microcontroller board, you
can also choose your desired microcontroller board as long as it uses an
ATMEGA328 microcontroller chip. Another reminder is to put first the
Bluetooth shield above your microcontroller before you proceed with the
wiring. Thus, making your connections in microcontroller through Bluetooth
Shield. Connect the 12V-DC power adapter in the microcontroller to power up
your system.

B. TESTING
After setting up the components needed in this project, this is the result of the
testing that has been conducted. Table 1 shows the testing of power switching using
relay.

TRIA
L
1
2
3
4

Scenario
Relay 1 is Off,

Expected
Relay 1 should

Actual
Relay 2 turned

Action: Turn ON
Relay 2 is On,

turn On
Nothing should

On
Nothing

Action: Turn On
Relay 3 is On,

happen
Relay 3 should

happened
Relay 3 turned

Action: Turn Off

Relay 4 is Off,

turn Off
Nothing should

Off
Nothing

Action: Turn Off

happen

happened

Remarks

Table 1: Testing of Power switching ON/OFF using relay

Legend:

--The actual result is the same as the expected result.

It shows that during the first testing of the power switching ON/OFF using relay.
The actual result of four trials is the same with the expected result prior to the
executed action.
After testing the power switching using relay, the loads are then connected. Table
2 shows the outcomes of the testing done.
TRIA
L
1

Scenario
Device 1 is Off,
Action: Press the command

Expected

Actual

Device 1

Nothing

signal for device 1 to turn

should turn On

Happened.

it ON.
Device 2 is On,
Action: Press the command

Device 2

Device 2

signal for device 1 to turn

should turn Off

is still On

it OFF.
Device 1 is Off,
Action: Press the command Nothing should

Device 1

signal for device 1 to turn

happen.

it OFF.
Device 2 is On,
Action: Press the command Nothing should

signal for device 2 to turn

happen

turns On

Device 2
turns Off

it ON.
Table 2: Testing of Power switching with loads connected.
Legend:
--The actual result is not the same as the expected result.

Remarks

In second testing of the power switching ON/OFF, loads are then connected to the
relay. The actual result of four trials is the inverse with the expected result prior to the
executed action.
C. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
C.1. Flowchart
Start

No
Is Bluetooth Connectivity ON?

Turn ON Bluetooth.

Yes
Launch BlueTerm application

No
Is Device 1, 2, 3, 4 ON?
Yes
No
Do you want to turn it OFF?
Yes

Press A or a to turn OFF Device 1.

Press B or b to turn OFF Device 2.
Press C or c to turn OFF Device 3.
Press D or d to turn OFF Device 4.

End

Press
Press
Press
Press

1
2
3
4

to
to
to
to

turn
turn
turn
turn

ON
ON
ON
ON

Device
Device
Device
Device

1.
2.
3.
4.

Photo is from Tricon Homes Inc.

gizDuino Version 4.1

It is an open source computing platform based on a simple input/output (I/O)board and the use of
standard programming language; in otherwords, it is a tool for implementing a program you have
designed. Gizduino is programmed using the IDE (Integrated Development Environment). With Serial
RX-TX disable switch. Atmega168P and 328P ICs are low power but its also the same functions of
ATmega168/328 IC.
Power Input:
External:8V-12V USB:5V
Microcontroller :
ATmega 168/168P or
ATmega 328/328P
Debubger Port:
ICSP
I/O port:
20 I/Os
(14 Digital I/O & 6 Analog In
DC Power Outouyt:
3.3V
On-board Crystal:
16MHz and 12MHz

PCB Dimensions:
2.7 x 2.1 inch

Bluetooth Shield
(Slave || Master)

Employing our latest EGBT-04 series low cost bluetooth module, the Bluetooth shield is likewise
available in two low cost versions: Slave only functions and Master and Slave functions. Class 2
Bluetooth shield with SPP profile functioning as UART port wireless cable replacement.
Power Input:
External: 8-12V
Microcontroller Default : 5V
Interface :
Module Interface for future use

Ex2 12V Relay Card

e-Gizmo Ex2 12V Relay Card an Automotive Relay Ex2 Series that Life's long in 1 x10 ^6 Mechanical
Operations.
An Automotive Relay Ex2 Series
Life's long in 1 x10 ^6 Mechanical
Operations

Power Input:
12 V (Nominal Voltage)
Max. carrying current:
Approx. 20 Amperes
On board Relay:
Automotive type of Relay EX2 series
PCB Dimension:
60 mm x 48mm

CHAPTER 5
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

A. SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
This project entitled, Home Automation: Automatic Switching ON/OFF using
Android phone via Bluetooth, aims to give a more convenient, cost efficient and
safety life to the user. It is all automated. This project takes away a wide range of
initiatives from people. Equipment and other electric powered gadgets, such as home
appliances and lighting are all instantly control and people do not need to have a hand
in it.
An Android smart phone connected with Bluetooth sends control signals to
microcontroller board. On receiving signal microcontroller process, it performs task

to control power of appliances. System provides a user-friendly environment to

control all connected home appliances. The popularity of the wireless network in
home automation is increased in recent years and the advance technology has made
this possible.

In this paper, a home automation system based on a Bluetooth wireless

technology is pre posed. The proposed Bluetooth home network is designed for
monitoring and remote control of different appliances connected over Bluetooth
network in a home environment. The developed Bluetooth home network system
includes emulation programs of each device and a home server program. The
Bluetooth network system has been simulated to be functioning by developing sensor
modules and device control systems.
The system is secured for access from any user or intruder. The users
are expected to acquire pairing password for the connection to access the switching of
home appliances. This system can be used as a test bed for any appliances that
requires on-off

switching

applications without

any

internet connection. The

full functionality of the home automation system was tested and the wireless
communication between the cell phone and microcontroller was found to be limited
to <50m in a concreted building and maximum of 100m range was reported to be
applicable in an open range.
The home automation system has been experimentally proven to work
satisfactorily by connecting sample appliances to it and the appliances were
successfully controlled from a wireless mobile device. The Bluetooth client was
successfully tested on a multitude of different mobile phones from different
manufacturers, thus proving its portability and wide compatibility. This project will
not only provide convenience to the common man but will be a boon for the elderly
and disabled.
B. CONCLUSION

Nowadays, Smart home usually implement the normal remote and control of
devices in your home. Therefore, we propose to design a Bluetooth based home
automation system which will enable one to remotely manage his/her appliances from
anywhere, anytime. Rather than encouraging laziness, if employed properly, this can
provide help for both individual users and organizations. For instance; smart home
technology could be especially useful for people with disabilities, allowing them
to switch their home appliances from a single device. Indeed, many of the current
deployments of connected technology are in homes for people with accessibility
needs. Some devices if not controlled properly consume a lot of energy which leads to
extra expenditure on electricity. Thus, this project will help the user to save energy,
improve safety and effective usage of electrical equipment and appliances.
As we've mentioned, providing peace of mind is one aspect that may appeal to
homeowners. In addition, home automation is growing rapidly nowadays and enters
in this emerging market quickly. It can undoubtedly make life at home much easier.
For the millions of people affected by disabilities and also the elderly population, it
can make a life-changing difference. Some devices if not controlled properly
consume a lot of energy which leads to extra expenditure on electricity.

This link can help users save both money and energy. In recent years, there has
been a rise in energy monitors and energy saving plugs. Mobile devices have the
potential to connect to these devices, giving the user one place where they can review
and alter their homes energy use in order to better control their budget.
It is evident from this project work that a Home Automation: Power Switching
On/Off Using Android Phone via Bluetooth can be cheaply made from low cost
locally available components and can be used to remotely control home appliances
ranging from electric fan, television and even from lightning system. And better still,
the components required are so small and few that they can be packaged into a small
inconspicuous container. The designed home automation system was tested a number
of times and certified to control different home appliances as long as the maximum

power

and

current

rating

does

not

exceed

that

of

the

used

relay.

Finally, this home automation system can be also implemented over Bluetooth and
Ethernet without much change to the design and yet still be able to remotely control a
variety of home appliance. Hence, the system is scalable and flexible.

C. RECOMMENDATION

It can be concluded that the objectives of this project were achieved, which are
high level of accessibility and convenience to elderly and handicapped person. In
addition,

user-friendly

Android application as an alternative to remote control

unit of a home automation system has also been established. Improvements can be
made to improve this project, some recommendations are:
1. Security system that might be compatible for the Bluetooth system.
2. Add circuit breaker for security purposes.
3. Compatibility for the Apple users or iOS device and Windows.
4. Increase the range of Bluetooth connectivity

APPENDIX
APPENDIX A: SURVEY FORM

Name:

Status:

Age:

Gender:

_____________________________________________________________________
We are engineering students from Universidad De Manila who provides in-depth
analysis and quantitative forecasting of trends in global connectivity and other
emerging technologies.
_____________________________________________________________________
1

Do you live in an
o apartment
o single-family house
o extended-family house
Do you have Android Phones in your home today?
o Yes
o No
Have you ever heard of "Smart Home" or Home automation services?
o Yes
o No
If yes, have you ever considered adding it functionality to your household?

o Yes
o It depends
o No
If No, Why arent you interested in automating your home?

o It is not necessary
o It is a waste of money
o I dont know enough about it
Which factor would lead you into adding such a system?
o For its convenience, to save time
o For security reason
o Energy Savings
o Comfort
o Cool Features
Which of these functions would be the most important for you?

Please rank your answers from 1 to 3. 1 is the most important and 3 is the least
important.

Automatic control of light

Turn on/off television
Turn on/off electric fan
Unplug charger from socket
Thank you for cooperating! God Bless.

REFERENCES

Electric Power Components and Systems. (2014, February 5). Retrieved September
24, 2015.
http://freshome.com/2013/01/17/top-10-benefits-of-automating-your-home/
http://www.academia.edu/9445731/Home_Automation_Review_of_Literature

http://www.slideshare.net/adammckay/importance-of-the-home-automationsystem
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_automation#Overview_and_benefits
http://mysteriousmaniacs.weebly.com/uploads/1/2/5/6/12565748/home_automatio
n.pdf
http://www.researchgate.net/publication/231182479_BLUETOOTH_BASED_HO
ME_AUTOMATION_SYSTEM_USING_CELL_PHONE
http://pegasus.javeriana.edu.co/~CIS0810SD03/HA%20Bluetooth.pdf