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Hodgkin

Hodgkin's lymphoma is a type of lymphoma caused by abnormal B cells dividing rapidly and crowding out healthy cells. Symptoms include painless swelling of lymph nodes, persistent fatigue, fever, night sweats, and unintended weight loss. It is diagnosed through physical exams, blood tests, imaging tests, and biopsies. Treatment involves chemotherapy, radiation, or stem cell transplants, which can cause side effects like nausea, hair loss, infertility and risks of other cancers. The document provides an overview of Hodgkin's lymphoma including causes, types, risk factors, stages, tests and diagnosis, complications, and treatments.

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Eunice Angela Fulgueras
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176 views4 pages

Hodgkin

Hodgkin's lymphoma is a type of lymphoma caused by abnormal B cells dividing rapidly and crowding out healthy cells. Symptoms include painless swelling of lymph nodes, persistent fatigue, fever, night sweats, and unintended weight loss. It is diagnosed through physical exams, blood tests, imaging tests, and biopsies. Treatment involves chemotherapy, radiation, or stem cell transplants, which can cause side effects like nausea, hair loss, infertility and risks of other cancers. The document provides an overview of Hodgkin's lymphoma including causes, types, risk factors, stages, tests and diagnosis, complications, and treatments.

Uploaded by

Eunice Angela Fulgueras
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Symptoms

Painless swelling of lymph nodes in your neck, armpits or groin

Persistent fatigue

Fever and chills

Night sweats

Unexplained weight loss as much as 10 percent or more of your body weight

Loss of appetite

Itching

Increased sensitivity to the effects of alcohol or pain in your lymph nodes after
drinking alcohol

Causes

occurs when an infection-fighting cell (B cell) develops a DNA mutation


cells divide rapidly.
large number of oversized, abnormal B cells to accumulate in the lymphatic system,
o -crowd out healthy cells

Types
Classical Hodgkin's lymphoma

common

large, abnormal cells called Reed-Sternberg cells in their lymph nodes.

Subtypes

o Nodular sclerosis Hodgkin's lymphoma


o Mixed cellularity Hodgkin's lymphoma
o Lymphocyte-depleted Hodgkin's lymphoma

o Lymphocyte-rich classical Hodgkin's lymphoma

Lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin's lymphoma


large, abnormal cells that are sometimes called popcorn cells

Risk factors

age. 15 and 30, > 55.

f hx of lymphoma.

sex. Males

Past Epstein-Barr infection.

weakened immune system. HIV/AIDS or from having an organ transplant


(requiring medications to suppress the immune response)

Tests and diagnosis

Physical exam. swollen lymph nodes, including in your neck, underarm and
groin, spleno/hepatomegaly

Blood tests.

Imaging tests. X-ray, CT scan, PET

Surgery to remove a swollen lymph node. Minor surgery

bone marrow biopsy

Stages of Hodgkin's lymphoma include:

Stage I. The cancer is limited to one lymph node region or a single organ.

Stage II. two lymph node regions or the cancer has invaded one organ and the
nearby lymph nodes. But the cancer is still limited to a section of the body either
above or below the diaphragm.

Stage III. When the cancer moves to lymph nodes both above and below the
diaphragm ; one portion of tissue or an organ near the lymph node groups or in the
spleen.

Stage IV. in several portions of one or more organs and tissues. Affects other
parts of your body, such as the liver, lungs or bones.
Categories:

A = no significant symptoms as a result of the cancer.


B = significant signs and symptoms (persistent fever, unintended weight loss or
severe night sweats)

Complications
Pancytopenia (deficiency of all three cellular components of the blood (red
cells, white cells, and platelets)
Nausea
infection

Treatments

Chemotherapy (se: nausea and hair loss; complications: heart damage, lung
damage, fertility problems and other cancers, such as leukemia. )
Radiation (skin redness and hair loss, fatigue during; heart disease, stroke, thyroid
problems, infertility and other forms of cancer, such as breast or lung cancer)

Stem cell transplant replace BM

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