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17 (Ana Add Math CD)

This document discusses permutations and combinations. It provides examples of calculating the number of arrangements, selections and combinations in different scenarios. These include finding the number of ways to arrange objects, select objects from groups and forming committees. Formulas and steps are demonstrated to solve various permutation and combination problems.

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Qhayyum1998
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
80 views

17 (Ana Add Math CD)

This document discusses permutations and combinations. It provides examples of calculating the number of arrangements, selections and combinations in different scenarios. These include finding the number of ways to arrange objects, select objects from groups and forming committees. Formulas and steps are demonstrated to solve various permutation and combination problems.

Uploaded by

Qhayyum1998
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHAPTER

17

Additional Mathematics SPM Chapter 17

Permutations and
Combinations

1. The total number of different means of transportation


=43
= 12

(c) The number of numbers with even numbers to be


side by side
= 4C2 3! 2!

= 72
Alternative
4
P2 3P3

= 72

2. Total number of ways of dressing up


=342
= 24

(d) The number of numbers with odd and even digit


in alternate position
= Even, Odd, Even, Odd + Odd, Even, Odd,
Even

=2413+4231

= 24 + 24

= 48

3. Total number of 4-letter codes


= 4!
= 24
4. Number of different 5-digit numbers
= 5!
= 120

10. (a) The number of 3-digit numbers greater than 500



= 3 4P2

= 36

5. Number of possible arrangements


= 4P3
= 24

(b) The number of 3-digit numbers with 1 at the


tens place value
= 4P2 1

= 12

6. The number of ways of sitting


= 5P3
= 60

(c) The number of 3-digit even numbers


= 4P2 1

= 12

7. The number of ways


=23211
= 12

(d)


8. (a) Number of ways = 1 3P3 1



=6
(b) Number of ways = 2P2 3P3

= 12

Digit 1, 3 and 5 will make up the sum of 9.


Therefore, the number of such numbers
= 3!
=6

11. 3C1 = 3 ways


12.

9. (a) The number of even numbers


= 5P3 2!

= 120

C2 = 45 pairs

10

13. (a) 3C1= 3


(b) 3C0 = 1

(b) The number of numbers that starts with even digit



= 2! 5P3

= 120

Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

Additional Mathematics SPM Chapter 17

14. (a) (i) There are 3 numbers that is less than 4.



Number of selection = 3C1

=3
1. (a) The number of different four-digit numbers
formed
= 6P4

= 360


(ii) 2, 3 and 5 are prime numbers.

Number of selection = 3C1

=3

(iii) 3 and 6 are multiple of 3.

Number of selection = 2C1

=2

(b) The number of different four-digit even numbers


formed
= 5P3 2P1

= 120

(b) (i) Number of selection with all odd digits


= 6C3 3C0

= 20

2. (a) Number of possible arrangements


= 5P5

= 120

(ii) 2 and 4 are the numbers less than 6 and


even.

Number of selection = 6C2 4C1

= 60

(b) 4P4 2! = 48


(iii) Number of selection including digit 4
= 5C2

= 10

3. The number of codes formed


= 3P1 5P4
= 360

15. (a) The number of possible mixed double pairs


= 3C1 4C1

= 12

4. (a) The number of team with 2 goals only


= 4C2 10C3

= 720

(b) The number of possible mixed double pairs



= 1 4C1

=4

(b) The number of teams formed


= 2 boys only + 3 boys only + 4 boys only
+ 5 boys only
10
=
C 2 4C 3 + 10C 3 4C 2 + 10C 4 4C 1 +
10
C5 4C0

= 180 + 720 + 840 + 252

= 1992

16. (a) 10C4 = 210


(b) 3C1 7C3 = 105
(c) 7C4 = 35

5. (a) Prime number is 2 which is to be the first digit


in a row, the number of ways to arrange the rest
is 4! = 24

(d) 3C1 7C3 + 3C2 7C2 + 3C3 7C1



= 105 + 63 + 7

= 175

(b) 9 is to be one of the three digits, the number of


ways to choose the other 2 digits is 4C2 = 6

17. Number of possible ways


= 9C2 7C3 4C4
= 1260

6. The number of ways


= 12C4 8C4 4C4
= 34 650

18. (a) The number of possible ways


= 3C1 4C1

= 12
(b) 2C1 2C1 = 4

Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

Additional Mathematics SPM Chapter 17

10.

C2 8C3 5C5 = 2520

11. (a) (i) 7P7 = 5040

1. (a) 4P4 = 4!

= 24

6
P6 2P2 = 1440
(ii)

(b) 4P3 = 24

(b) (i) 7C3 = 35

2
C2 5C3 = 10
(ii)

2. (a) 7P7 = 7!
= 5040

n!
12. (a) nCn r =
[n (n r)]! (n r)!
n!

=
r!(n r)!

= nCr

(b) 2P2 5P5 = 240


3. (a) 6P4 = 360
(b) 4C2 3! 2! = 72

Alternative
4
P2 3P2 = 72

(b) (i) 7P7 = 5040

4
P4 3P3 = 144
(ii)

13. (a) (i)

4. (a) Number of 3-digit numbers


6
P1 6P2 = 180

[Note: The first 6 does not include digit 0.]

12

P12 = 479 001 600

12
P10 = 239 500 800
(ii)

2
P2 10P10 = 7 257 600
(iii)

(b) For 3-digit number less than 500, the first digit
can take digit 2 or 4 only.

Hence, the number of possible numbers
= 2P1 6P2

= 60

(b) (i)

12

C6 = 924

C3 4C2 3C1 = 180


(ii)
5

14. (a) (i)


18

C4 = 3060

(ii) Team of 2 men + Team of 3 men + Team of


4 men
= 10C2 8C2 + 10C3 8C1 + 10C4 8C0

= 1260 + 960 + 210

= 2430

5. (a) 3P2 5P3 = 360


(b) 1 2P1 4P2 1 = 24
6. (a) 3P3 = 6


(iii)


(b) P1 P2 = 4
2

10

7. (a) 2P2 6P6 = 1440

Team of 110 men + Team of one man


= 10C0 8C4 + 10C1 8C3
= 70 + 560
= 630

(b) (i) 5P5 5P5 = 14 400




Two possible ways a boy or a girl in the first
position.

(b) There are 2 vowels, A and E.



Number of ways = 2P2 6P6

= 1440

5
P5 5P5 2! = 28 800
(ii)
5
P2 8P8 = 806 400
(iii)

8. Number of combination = 8C1 5C2



= 80

15. (a) (i) 8P5 = 6720

7
C4 5P5 = 4200
(ii)

9. (a) Different number of committees that can be


formed
= 33C6

= 1 107 568

5
C2 5P5 = 1200
(iii)

5
C2 3P3 3P3 = 360
(iv)

(b)

(b) Different number of committess that can be


formed
= 3C1 10C2 20C3

= 153 900

18

C12 6C4 2C2 = 278 460

Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

Additional Mathematics SPM Chapter 17

16. (a) (i) Consider case where the last digit is 0.


6
P3 1 = 120

Consider case where the last digit is 2, 4


or 6.
5 5 4 3 = 300
[Note: The first 5 does not include digit 0.]

1. 4! = 24
2. (a) (i) 4C1 = 4 or 4C3 = 4
3
(ii)
C3 = 1
3
(iii)
C1 = 3
(b) 4P4 = 24

The total number of even numbers


= 120 + 300
= 420


(ii) The number of odd numbers formed

=5543

= 300
(iii)
Case 1


The first digit used is either 4, 5 or 6 and
the second digit is 3.

3. (a) 2 3P3 1 = 12
(b) TV Fan TV

3 2 2 1 1 = 12
(c) 4! 2! = 48


The number formed = 3 1 5 4

= 60

Case 2


The first digit used is 4, 5 or 6 and the
second digit used is 4, 5 or 6.

4. (a) 5! = 120
(b) 3! 2! = 12
5. (a) 8P5 = 6720
(b) 7P4 = 840


The number formed = 3 2 5 4

= 120

6. (a) 4C2 5C3 = 60


(b) 4C2 3C3 = 6


Total number formed = 60 + 120

= 180
Alternative

The total number formed

=3354

= 180

7. (a) 6C2 3C1 = 45


(b) 6P3 3P2 = 720
8. (a) 4C2 4C3 = 24
(b) 3C2 3C3 = 3

(b) (i) 9C3 = 84



(ii)


2 men + 3 men
= 5C2 4C1 + 5C3 4C0
= 40 + 10
= 50

17. (a) 10P3 = 720


(b) (i) 5 5 4 = 100
[Note: The first 5 does not include digit 0.]

(ii) The sum of the digits is 9. The possible


cases are 0, 1, 8; 0, 3, 6; 1, 3, 5


For case 0, 1, 8,

the number formed = 2 2 1

=4

For case 0, 3, 6,

the number formed = 2 2 1

=4

For case 1, 3, 5,

the number formed = 3 2 1

=6

Total number = 4 + 4 + 6

= 14

Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

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TV

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