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Welcome!!! Phgn317 - Digital Electronics: Meet The Tas / Support Staff Textbook / Reference

This document provides information about the PHGN317 – Digital Electronics course beginning on August 26, 2015. It introduces the teaching assistants and support staff for the course. It advises students to attempt the homework problems posted after each lecture to test their understanding. The document also announces an extra credit "Blaster Hackers/Maker space" program and provides an overview of analog versus digital electronics and the binary number system including binary addition and subtraction.

Uploaded by

Brian Huang
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
39 views

Welcome!!! Phgn317 - Digital Electronics: Meet The Tas / Support Staff Textbook / Reference

This document provides information about the PHGN317 – Digital Electronics course beginning on August 26, 2015. It introduces the teaching assistants and support staff for the course. It advises students to attempt the homework problems posted after each lecture to test their understanding. The document also announces an extra credit "Blaster Hackers/Maker space" program and provides an overview of analog versus digital electronics and the binary number system including binary addition and subtraction.

Uploaded by

Brian Huang
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 6

8/24/2015

Welcome!!!
PHGN317 DigitalElectronics
August26,2015
BrianHuang
[email protected]

MeettheTAs/SupportStaff

Textbook/Reference

SteveHill LabManager
CaseyCartwright
DavidGrisham
SarahDunn
EmilyMakoutz
MichaelYoung

Look for homework problems


for each lecture
Homework problems are posted for each lecture.
Try these the night after the lecture - they will provide
you with a direct metric of how well you understood the
days material.
The solutions are also posted.
If you struggle with the problems - that is a message to
you that you need extra help!
A newsletter is sent out via email at the end of each
month that summarizes the concepts you should be
familiar with at that point in the course.
Beginreview

8/24/2015

Extracreditdoaprojectthatchanges
theworld...

Extracreditdoaprojectthatchanges
theworld...

Announcing the Blaster


Hackers/Maker space

Analogvs.Digital
MainPoints
DigitalElectronics

Well meet next Wednesday 4 to 6 PM in the electronics lab.


Come make/hack your own project or help with on going
projects
Quad Copters
Autonomous Vehicles
3D LED displays
http://youtu.be/6mXM-oGggrM
Hack a DVD player to make laser tweezers
GPS systems
????

I. Why digital?

CDs/MP3svs.CassetteTapes
OldSchoolOvertheAirTVvs.Cable
Filmcamerasvs.Digitalcameras
OldAMorFMvs.HDRadio
VHSvs.DVDs

Wecancontrol/Manipulatedigital!

EmphasizessignalsthatareeitherTRUE(1)or
FALSE(0).
Emphasizeslogicanddecisiontrees.

AnalogElectronics
Emphasizessignalsthatcancoverarangeof
values.
AnalogElectronicsworkswithsignalsthatcanbe
anyvalueacrossarangeofvalues.

1.1 Analog versus Digital


Analog

Digital

Continuously
variable

Discrete (1 or 0)

Amplification

Switching (ON/OFF)

Voltages

Numbers

8/24/2015

1.2 Digital logic levels

ThresholdsandMargins

5V
Logic High
2V

Undefined

0.8 V
Logic Low

0V
Binary system has only two digits, 0 and 1

1.3 Why we use digital

1.4Binarynumbersystem

Digital is repeatable.
As scientists and engineers, we want to be able
to make quantitative measurements of physical
phenomena.
Digital electronics enables unprecedented
control over acquisition and analysis.
Using our knowledge of analog electronics, this
semester we will learn to create effective digital
systems useful for general experimentation.

Binarysystemusesjusttwodigits/symbolsfor
counting forusweuse1and0 but,wecould
useanytwosymbols

IntheDecimalsystem
Whatisthemaximumvalueyoucanrepresent
with2digits?
with3digits?
with6digits?

Howmanyvaluescanyourepresentwith
your10symbols?

EachsymboliscalledabitforBinarydigIT.

1.4Binarynumbersystem
With
1bit,wecancount0to1(indecimal)
0,1
2bits,wecancount0to3(indecimal)
00,01,10,11
3bits,wecancount0to7(indecimal)
000,001,010,011,100,101,110,111
4bits,wecancount0to15(indecimal)
0000,0001,0010,0011,0100,0101,0110,0111,
1000,1001,1010,1011,1100,1101,1110,1111
Foratotalof totalnumbers.
WithNbitswecancountupto
For example, with 8 bits, we can count up to
28 - 1= 255 for 256 numbers (including 0)

8/24/2015

Reviewofplacevalue(using10s)
2385

1000

100

10

1.4Binarynumbersystem

1
Any number can be written using only two Binary digITS or bits, 0 and 1.

Writtenanotherway:
2385

10

Example:

10

10

10

Wejustdontnormallythinkofthisway!

The most significant bit (msb) is the 1 (the left most bit) and the
least significant bit (lsb) is 0 (right most bit)

Decimaltobinaryconversion

Learnyourpowersof2
20 =1
21 =2
22 =4
23 =8
24 =16
25 =32
26 =64

10102 = (1 x 23) + ( 0 x 22) + (1 x 21) + (0 x 20)


= 8 + 0 + 2 + 0 = 10

Sumthepowersof2
Problem: Convert 23

27 =128
28 =256
29 =512
210 =1024
211 =2048
212 =4096
213 =8192...

to binary.

How many bits do we need?


Count: 32, 16, 8, 4, 2, 1 we need at least 5 bits.
Start subtracting away powers of 2 from 23
23
7
7
3
1

7
too much!
3
1
0

Decimaltobinaryconversion(yourturn)

Decimaltobinaryconversion

Sumthepowersof2technique

Divideby2technique

Problem: Convert 61

Problem: Convert 61

to binary.

Technique: Divide successively by 2, ignoring remainders


until you have a quotient of 0.

5
How many bits do we need? ____
61
29
13
5
1
1

29
13
5
1

0

to binary.

61
30
15
7
3
1

/
/
/
/
/
/

2
2
2
2
2
2

=
=
=
=
=
=

30
15
7
3
1
0

remainder 1 (LSB)
remainder 0
remainder 1
remainder 1
remainder 1
remainder 1 (MSB)

8/24/2015

Readabout,andbeabletoconvertusing
otherbases
Octal (base 8)

BinaryCodedDecimal(BCD)
Some binary machines represent digital numbers other
than straight binary, e.g., BCD. In BCD each decimal digit is
represented by four binary bits.

Hexadecimal (base 16) uses symbols:


0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,A,B,C,D,E,F

Example: convert 390610 to BCD


3
9
0
0011
1001
0000

Gray code

6
0110

390610 = 0011 1001 0000 0110BCD

Binary coded decimal (BCD)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gray_code

ArithmeticReview

Conversion flowchart

AddingandSubtractinginBinary
Binary

Hexidecimal

decimal

BCD

Octal

Binary addition
Remember:
00,01,10,11
Add111102 and11002
1100
11110
+ 1100
101010

Allyouneedtoknowis:
00,01,10,11

Binary subtraction
Subtract 011 from 100

Remember:
00,01,10,11

Carry bits
100
- 11
1
Check:410 (=1002) 310(=112)=110

It seems trivial - but make sure you understand it ! In about 2 weeks


youll be asked to design a circuit that adds for homework, and then
build it in the lab.

8/24/2015

Binary subtraction
Subtract 011 from 100

Remember:
00,01,10,11

Binary subtraction
(Your turn)

Subtract 011 from 1001

1 10
100
- 11
1

1001
- 11
110

Check:410 (=1002) 310(=112)=110

Check:910 (=>10012) 310 (=>112)=610

Lecture Exercises

Remember:
00,01,10,11

110

Homework Exercises 1 - 4

Solutions on Blackboard
LON-CAPA

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