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Manco Cápac

Manco Cápac was the first Sapa Inca and founder of the Inca civilization in Cusco, according to Inca mythology. He led a nomadic tribe that settled in Cusco and established four districts. Manco Cápac defended Cusco from attacks by other tribes and died of natural causes, leaving his son Sinchi Roca to succeed him.

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105 views

Manco Cápac

Manco Cápac was the first Sapa Inca and founder of the Inca civilization in Cusco, according to Inca mythology. He led a nomadic tribe that settled in Cusco and established four districts. Manco Cápac defended Cusco from attacks by other tribes and died of natural causes, leaving his son Sinchi Roca to succeed him.

Uploaded by

PauloHenriqueRibeiro
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Manco Cpac - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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Manco Cpac
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This article is about the first Sapa Inca. For the later
figure also known as Manco Cpac, see Manco Inca
Yupanqui.

Manco Cpac (Quechua: Manqu Qhapaq, "the royal


founder"), also known as Manco Inca and Ayar Manco
was, according to some historians, the first governor and
founder of the Inca civilization in Cusco, possibly in the
early 13th century.[2] He is also a main figure of Inca
mythology, being the protagonist of the two best known
legends about the origin of the Inca, both of them
connecting him to the foundation of Cusco. His main wife
was Mama Uqllu, also mother of his son and successor
Sinchi Ruq'a. Even though his figure is mentioned in
several chronicles, his actual existence remains unclear.

Contents
1 Biography
1.1 Origin
1.2 Foundation of Cusco
1.3 Death
2 Mythological origin
2.1 Legend of the Ayar brothers
2.2 Legend of Manqu Qhapaq and Mama
Ocllo
3 In fiction
4 References
5 See also

Manqu Qhapaq

Colonial image of Manco Cpac


Title

Sapa Inca

Predecessor

None

Successor

Sinchi Roca

Spouse(s)

Mama Uqllu

Children

Sinchi Roca

Parent(s)

Apu Tambo[1]

Biography
Origin
Manco Cpac was born in Tamputoco, who according to some [3] is located in the present-day province of
Pumaurco, in Peru. The city usually served as a refuge for many people escaping the Aymaran invasions [4]
of the Altiplano. His father was named Apu Tambo.[1] Manco Cpac and his family lived a nomadic
lifestyle.[5]

Foundation of Cusco
After the death of his father, Manqu Qhapaq had to succeed him as the head of the ayllu, to which belonged
several dozens of families.[6] The members of the ayllu were nomads, and the trajectory of their journeys
through the Altiplano resembles the journey described in the legend of the Ayar brothers. Upon arriving to
the Cusco valley, they defeated three small tribes that lived there; the Sahuares, Huallas and Alcahuisas, [7]
and then settled in a swampy area between two small streams, that today corresponds with the main plaza of

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the city of Cusco.[8] The recently founded city was divided into
four districts; Chumbicancha, Quinticancha, Sairecancha and
Yarambuycancha.[9]
Manco Cpac's tribe, or ayllu, only occupied a small fraction of
the Cusco valley, the rest of it being inhabited by larger and
more powerful tribes, who often would threaten the city.
Located at north of the city there was a confederated lordship of
Ayarmacas and Pinaguas. All these tribes regarded Manco
Cpac and his ayllu as invaders, and would often attack them.
Manco Cpac, and later his son and successor Sinchi Roca
would often have to defend the city against the other tribes.[10]

Walls of Colcapata, which served as Manqu


Qhapaq's palace.

Death
Manqu Qhapaq died of a natural death and left his son, Sinchi Roca, as his successor in Cusco. His body was
mummified and remained in the city until the reign of Pachacuti, who ordered its move to the Tiwanaku
temple in Lake Titicaca. In Cusco only remained a statue erected in his honor.

Mythological origin
Manco Cpac is the protagonist of the two main legends that explain the origin of the Inca Empire. Both
legends state that he was the founder of the city of Cusco and that his wife was Mama Uqllu.

Legend of the Ayar brothers


In this legend, Manco Cpac (Ayar Manco) was the son of Viracocha of Paqariq Tampu (six leagues or
25 km south of Cusco). He and his brothers (Ayar Auca, Ayar Cachi and Ayar Uchu) and sisters (Mama
Ocllo, Mama Huaco, Mama Raua and Mama Ipacura) lived near Cusco at Paqariq Tampu, and they united
their people with other tribes encountered in their travels. They sought to conquer the tribes of the Cusco
Valley. This legend also incorporates the golden staff, thought to have been given to Manco Cpac by his
father. Accounts vary, but according to some versions of the legend, the Manco got rid of his three brothers,
trapping them or turning them into stone, thus becoming the leader of Cusco. He married Mama Occlo, and
they begot a son named Sinchi Roca. Manco Capac died in the year 665, at the age of 144 years, after ruling
Cusco for 44 years.[11]

Legend of Manqu Qhapaq and Mama Ocllo


In this second legend, Manco Cpac was a son of the sun god Inti and Mama Quilla, and brother of Pacha
Kamaq. Manco Cpac himself was worshipped as a fire and a Sun God. According to the Inti legend, Manco
Cpac and his siblings were sent up to the earth by the sun god and emerged from the cave of Pacaritambo
carrying a golden staff, called tapac-yauri. Instructed to create a Temple of the Sun in the spot where the
staff sank into the earth, they traveled to Cusco via underground caves and there built a temple in honour of
their father Inti.
However, given the absence of a written tradition recounting this tale before the publication of Comentarios
Reales de los Incas by Garcilaso de la Vega in the year 1609, the authenticity of this legend as a legitimate
Incan legend is questioned.

In fiction

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he Scrooge McDuck comic book Son of the Sun, written by Don Rosa, features Manco Cpac as the original
owner of various lost treasures. The treasures serve first chapter of Herman Melville's The Confidence-Man
the appearance of a fictional protagonist is compared to Cpac's appearance out of Lake Titicaca.
In P.B. Kerr's Eye of the Forest, the fifth book in the Children of the Lamp series, Manco Cpac is said to be
a powerful Djinn who took his place as a god amongst the Incas by displaying his power of matter
manipulation.
In British author Anthony Horowitz's fantasy-thriller book series The Power of Five, Manco Cpac is the
son of Inti, and one of five children destined to keep the universe safe from the forces of evil. Cpac is
reincarnated in the 21st century as a Peruvian street beggar called Pedro.

References
1. Arturo Gmez Alarcn, Los Incas, Manco Cpac (http://losincas.blogspot.com/2005/04/manco-cpac.html).
2. Prescott, W.H., 2011, The History of the Conquest of Peru, Digireads.com Publishing, ISBN 9781420941142
3. Pedro Cortzar, Documental del Per: Cusco. Pag. 148)
4. Waldemar Espinoza, Los Incas, pag. 36.
5. Waldemar Espinoza, Los Incas, pag. 47.
6. Waldemar Espinoza, Los Incas, pag. 41.
7. Waldemar Espinoza, Los Incas, pag 47.
8. Incan city of Cusco, The foundation and actions of the Manqu Qhapaq government
(http://ciudadinca.perucultural.org.pe/mcapac.htm) (in Spanish)
9. Vctor Angls Vargas, Historia del Cusco incaico, pag. 290.
10. Waldemar Espinoza, Los Incas, pag, 51.
11. de Gamboa, P.S., 2015, History of the Incas, Lexington, ISBN 9781463688653

See also
Kingdom of Cusco
Inca Empire
Sapa Inca
Preceded by
As ruler of the Kingdom of Cusco
None (title established)
c. 1200c. 1230

Wikimedia Commons has


media related to Manco
Capac.

Succeeded by
Sinchi Roca

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manco_Cpac&oldid=675263089"


Categories: 1107 deaths Inca gods Solar gods Fire gods Inca emperors Mythological kings
13th-century monarchs in South America
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