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Reduction Kinetics of Iron Ore Pellets and The Effect of Binders

The document studied the reduction kinetics of iron ore pellets and the effect of different binders. Iron ore pellets containing varying percentages of bentonite or dextrin binders were reduced at temperatures from 900-1100°C. The percentage reduction increased with increasing temperature and time. Pellets with 0.5% dextrin binder showed greater reducibility and lower activation energy than pellets with bentonite, indicating a faster reaction rate. Activation energies were calculated from Arrhenius plots, with values of 20.701 kcal/mole for 0.5% bentonite pellets and 17.423 kcal/mole for dextrin pellets. The study concluded that

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36 views2 pages

Reduction Kinetics of Iron Ore Pellets and The Effect of Binders

The document studied the reduction kinetics of iron ore pellets and the effect of different binders. Iron ore pellets containing varying percentages of bentonite or dextrin binders were reduced at temperatures from 900-1100°C. The percentage reduction increased with increasing temperature and time. Pellets with 0.5% dextrin binder showed greater reducibility and lower activation energy than pellets with bentonite, indicating a faster reaction rate. Activation energies were calculated from Arrhenius plots, with values of 20.701 kcal/mole for 0.5% bentonite pellets and 17.423 kcal/mole for dextrin pellets. The study concluded that

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MalatiDash
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REDUCTION KINETICS OF IRON ORE PELLETS AND THE EFFECT OF

BINDERS
Asima Priyadarsini and Itishree Mishra
Supervision: Prof. (Dr.) G.S. Agrawal
Abstract
Reduction of Iron Ore Pellets was carried out for the temperature range 900 to 1100C. In
reduction kinetic study the most satisfactory model was to take the slope of the initial linear
region of fractional reduction vs. time curve as a measure of rate constant (k). In k vs. 1/T
plots were straight line from which Activation Energy was calculated.

Pellets having

different percentages of binders were reduced and compared to find the effect of binders.
Introduction
Iron ore in a finely ground state is not easily transported or readily processed .Thus it is
necessary to agglomerate the fine ground ore into pellet using binders. Inorganic binders
introduce silica which decreases the final ore content of the pellet. Hence organic binders were
developed. Use of pellets increases the productivity in blast furnace and reduces coke
consumption.
Experimental
Iron ore from M.G.Mohanty mines and charcoal were used in the experiment .Analysis of the
iron ore showed that it contained 63.7%Fe, 1.6%SiO2, and 1.4% Al2O3. The reaction carried out
in the experiment is mainly of direct reduction because here we have used charcoal. The iron ore
was crushed , ground and screened to 100 size and charcoal to 72 size. Pellets were made by
hand rolling method by using water and different quantities of binder. The pellets were fired at
different firing temperature. Each crucible containing iron ore pellets were placed in a furnace
and reduction was carried out at different temperature from 900-1100C with time intervals of
5,10, 15. minutes. Six crucibles containing pellets of different %
binder(0.5%,1%,2%)were taken & reduction was carried out at a constant temperature of 950C
and pellets were taken out at a time interval of 10,20,30,40,50,and 60 minutes. The product
obtained after reduction was then taken for the study and analysis of reduction behaviour.
Analysis
Percentage reduction is found as
R = Initial oxygen content Final oxygen content 100%
Total oxygen content initially

With the help of the Arrhenius equation K = A e-E/RT, we can calculate the activation energy.
Where,

K = Rate Constant,

E= Activation Energy,

A= Arrehenius Constant,
R= Gas Constant,

T= Temperature.

We plotted the graph of ln (K) vs. (1/Tx10 4) for pellets with binder, with bentonite and
with dextrin. Slope of this graph x (universal gas constant) = activation energy (E)
Results
With increase in temperature, the percentage reduction increases with increase in time.
The percentage reduction in case of pellet with Dextrin was found more. This may be
because of the lower activation energy of the pellets with dextrin as a binder.
A number of Models were considered out of which the model 1-(1-R)1/3=kT exactly fits
to our experimental values.
Lower the binder percentage, greater the reducibility (.5% >1%>2%). This is due to a
decrease in the porosity with increasing binder percentage.
The activation energy of a pellet with 0.5% bentonite binder is Ea= 20.701 Kcal/mole
and the activation energy for pellet with dextrin binder is Ea=17.423 Kcal/mole. So the
rate of reaction in case of pellets with Dextrin is faster than the rate of reaction of pellets
with Bentonite.
Conclusions
1. Topochemical reaction phenomenon was observed.
2. With the increase of time, percentage reduction (O 2 removal) increases in all the pellet
samples.
3. With the increase of temperature, percentage reduction increases up to a certain extent.
4. Almost a mixed controlled reaction was obtained as the activation energy is in between
10 kcals/mole and 30 kcals/mole.
5. Reduction reaction is temperature dependant.
6. Lower the binder percentage, greater the reducibility (.5% >1%>2%).
References
1. Forsmo S. P. E, Apelqvist A. J., Bjorkman B. M. T, Samskog P.O, Binding Mechanisms in
wet iron ore green pellets with a bentonite binder - Powder Technology 169 ((2006) 147158
2. Coetsee T., Pistorius P.C, Villiers E.E D. Rate determining steps for reduction in
magnetite-coal pellets , Minerals Engineering 15 (2002) 919-929

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