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Sequences and Series Practice

1) The document contains examples of arithmetic and geometric sequences and series problems. 2) It provides the working and answers for each problem, along with the marks allocation for each step. 3) The key is to recognize patterns in terms, differences, and ratios to determine if a sequence is arithmetic or geometric, and then use the appropriate formula to calculate terms, sums, or number of terms.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
48 views10 pages

Sequences and Series Practice

1) The document contains examples of arithmetic and geometric sequences and series problems. 2) It provides the working and answers for each problem, along with the marks allocation for each step. 3) The key is to recognize patterns in terms, differences, and ratios to determine if a sequence is arithmetic or geometric, and then use the appropriate formula to calculate terms, sums, or number of terms.

Uploaded by

yoav
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Sequences and Series Markscheme

GDC FREE
1.

5
S5 = 2 {2 + 32}
S5 = 85
OR
a = 2, a + 4d = 32
4d = 30
d = 7.5
5
S5 = 2 (4 + 4(7.5))
5
= 2 (4 + 30)
S5 = 85

(M1)(A1)(A1)
(A1)
(M1)
(A1)
(M1)

(A1) (C4)
[4]

u1

1 r
2.

S=
2 3

= 3 5
2
= 5

2
3
2
1
3

(M1)(A1)
(A1)
(A1) (C4)
[4]

GDC ACTIVE
3.

17 + 27 + 37 + ... + 417
17 + (n 1)10 = 417
10(n 1) = 400
n = 41
41
S41 = 2 (2(17) + 40(10))
= 41(17 + 200)
= 8897

(M1)
(A1)
(M1)
(A1)

OR
41
S41 = 2 (17 + 417)
41
= 2 (434)
= 8897

(M1)

(A1) (C4)
[4]

4.

(a)

(b)

1
5 (0.2)

(i)

A1N1

1
u10 25
5

(M1)

= 0.0000128

(ii)

1
u n 25
5

1 7

, 1.28 10 5 , 1
5
78125

N2

A1

N1

n 1

(c)

A1

For attempting to use infinite sum formula for a GP

25
1
1
5

125
31.25 31.3 to 3 s f
S= 4

(M1)
A1

N2
[6]

5.

(a)

(b)

For taking three ratios of consecutive terms

(M1)

54 162 486
3

18 54 162

A1

hence geometric

AG

(i)

r=3
un = 18 3

(ii)

N0
(A1)

n1

For a valid attempt to solve 18 3

A1
n1

= 1062882

N2

(M1)

eg trial and error, logs


n = 11

A1

N2
[6]

6.

r = 2A1
N1

(a)

(i)

(ii)

u15 = 3 (2)

14

(A1)

= 49152 (accept 49200)


(b)

(c)

(i)

2, 6, 18

(ii)

r=3

A1

N2
A1N1

A1

Setting up equation (or a sketch)


x 1 2 x 8

x 3 x 1 (or correct sketch with relevant information)


2

x + 2x + 1 = 2x + 2x 24

N1

M1

A1
(A1)

x = 25
x = 5 or x = 5
x = 5
Notes: If trial and error is used, work must be
documented with several trials shown.
Award full marks for a correct answer with this
approach.
If the work is not documented, award N2 for a
correct answer.

(d)

(i)

1
r= 2

(ii)

For attempting to use infinite sum formula for a GP

A1

N2

A1N1
(M1)

8
1
1
2
S=
S = 16
Note:

A1

N2

Award M0A0 if candidates use a value of r


where r > 1, or r < 1.
[12]

7.

Note: Throughout this question, the first and last terms are
interchangeable.
(a)

For recognizing the arithmetic sequence


u1 = 1, n = 20, u20 = 20 (u1 = 1, n = 20, d = 1)
Evidence of using sum of an AP

1 20 20

(or S

S20 =

20
2 1 19 1 )
2

A1

S20 = 210
(b)

(M1)
(A1)
M1

AG

N0

Let there be n cans in bottom row


Evidence of using Sn = 3240
eg

(M1)

1 n n 3240 , n 2 n 1 3240 , n 2n n 1 1 3240


2

n + n 6480 = 0

A1

n = 80 or n = 81

(A1)

n = 80

A1

N2

1 n n
(c)

(i)

Evidence of using S =

(M1)

2S = n + n

A1

n + n 2S = 0
(ii)

AG

N0

METHOD 1
Substituting S = 2100

1 n n
2

eg n + n 4200 = 0,

2100 =

A1

EITHER
n = 64.3, n = 65.3

A1

Any valid reason which includes reference to integer being needed, R1


and pointing out that integer not possible here.

R1

N1

eg n must be a (positive) integer, this equation does not have


integer solutions.
OR
Discriminant = 16 801

A1

Valid reason which includes reference to integer being needed,

R1

and pointing out that integer not possible here.

R1

N1

eg this discriminant is not a perfect square, therefore no


integer solution as needed.
METHOD 2
Trial and error
S64 = 2080, S65 = 2145
Any valid reason which includes reference to integer
being needed,
and pointing out that integer not possible here.

A1A1
R1
R1

N1
[14]
4

8.

(a)

(b)

Recognizing an AP
u1 =15 d = 2 n = 20
substituting into u20 = 15 + (20 1) 2
= 53 (that is, 53 seats in the 20th row)

(M1)
(A1)4
M1
A1

20
20
Substituting into S20= 2 (2(15) + (201)2) (or into 2 (15 + 53))
= 680 (that is, 680 seats in total)

M1
A1

2
[6]

9.

(a)

5000(1.063)

(b)

Value = $5000(1.063) (= $6786.3511...)


= $6790 to 3 sf (Accept $6786, or $6786.35)

(c)

A11
5

A1

(i)

5000(1.063) > 10000 or (1.063) > 2

(ii)

Attempting to solve the inequality log (1.063) > log 2


n > 11.345...
12 years
Note: Candidates are likely to use TABLE or LIST
on a GDC to find n. A good way of communicating
this is suggested below.
x

Let y = 1.063
When x = 11, y = 1.9582, when x = 12, y = 2.0816
x = 12 ie 12 years

A11
(M1)
(A1)
A1

(M1)
(A1)
A1

3
[6]

10.

(a)

(i)

(ii)

$11400, $11800 (A1)

Total salary

10
(2 11000 9 400)
2

= $128000
(b)

(i)

$10700, $11449

(ii)

9
th
10 year salary 10 000(1.07)

= $18384.59 or $18400 or $18385


(c)

(A1)
(A1) (N2)

2
(A1)(A1)

(A1)
(A1) (N2)

EITHER
Scheme A
Scheme B

SA

n
2 11 000 (n 1) 400
2

(A1)

SB

10 000(1.07 n 1)
1.07 1

(A1)

Solving S B S A (accept S B S A , giving n 6.33 ) (may be implied) (M1)


Minimum value of n is 7 years.

(A1) (N2)

OR
Using trial and error

(M1)
Arturo

Bill

6 years

$72 000

$71532.91

7 years

$85 400

$86 540.21

(A1)(A1)
Note: Award (A1) for both values for 6 years, and (A1) for both values
for 7 years.
Therefore, minimum number of years is 7.

(A1) (N2)

4
[11]

11.

Arithmetic sequence d = 3 (may be implied)


n = 1250
1250

1250
(6 1249 3)
or S
2

S = 2 (3 + 3750)
= 2 345 625

(M1)(A1)
(A2)
(M1)
(A1) (C6)
[6]

12.

Arithmetic sequence
a = 200 d = 30

(M1)
(A1)

(a)

(M1)
(A1) (C3)

(b)

Distance in final week = 200 + 51 30


= 1730 m

52
Total distance = 2 [2.200 + 51.30]

(M1)
= 50180 m
(A1) (C3)
Note: Penalize once for absence of units ie award A0 the first time units
are omitted, A1 the next time.
[6]

13.

(i)

1
Area B = 16 ,

1
C = 64

(A1)(A1)

(ii)

1
16 1
1 4
4

1
64 1
1
4
16
(Ratio is the same.)

(iii)

1
Common ratio = 4

(a)

area

(M1)(R1)

(A1)

5
6

(b)

(i)

1 1
5

Total area (S2) = 4 16 16 = (= 0.3125) (0.313, 3 sf)

(A1)

1
1
1
4
4
1
1
4
Required area = S8 =
(M1)
= 0.333328 2(471...)
(A1)
= 0.333328 (6 sf)
(A1)
Note: Accept result of adding together eight areas correctly.
8

(ii)

1
4
(c)

Sum to infinity =

1
4

1
= 3

(A1)
(A1)

2
[11]

14.

(a)

u4 = ul + 3d or 16 = 2 +3d

(M1)

16 2
3
d=

(M1)
(A1)
(C3)

=6

(b)

un = ul + (n 1)6 or 11998 = 2 + (n l)6

(M1)

= 2001

(A1)
(A1) (C3)

11998 2
1
6
n=

[6]

15.

(a)

Ashley
AP

12 + 14 + 16 + ... to 15 terms

15
S15 = 2 [2(12) + 14(2)]
= 15 26
= 390 hours
3
(b)

(M1)
(M1)
(A1)

Billie
7

GP
(i)

12, 12(1.1), 12(1.1)


2

In week 3, 12(1.1)
= 14.52 hours

12[1.1 1]
1.1 1
S15 =

(M1)
(A1)
(AG)

15

(ii)

= 381 hours (3 sf)

(c)

12 (1.1)

n1

(1.1)

n1

(M1)
(A1)

> 50

(M1)

50
> 12

(A1)

50
(n 1) ln 1.1 > ln 12
50
ln
12
ln
1
.1
n1>

(A1)

n 1 > 14.97
n > 15.97
Week 16

(A1)

OR
n1
12(1.1) > 50
By trial and error
14
15
12(1.1) = 45.6, 12(1.1) = 50.1
n l = 15
n = 16 (Week 16)

(M1)
(A1)
(A1)
(A1)

4
[11]

16.

(a)

(b)

u1 = 7, d = 2.5
(M1)
u41 = u1 + (n 1)d = 7 + (41 1)2.5
= 107
(A1)
(C2)
n
S101 = 2 [2u1 + (n 1)d]
101
= 2 [2(7) + (101 1)2.5]
101( 264)
2
=
= 13332

(M1)

(A1) (C2)
[4]

17.

(a)

(b)

360 240 3

r = 240 160 2 = 1.5


th

2002 is the 13 year.


131
u13 = 160(1.5)
= 20759 (Accept 20760 or 20800.)

(A1)1

(M1)
(M1)
(A1)

(c)

n1

5000 = 160(1.5)
5000
160 = (1.5)n1

(M1)

5000

log 160 = (n 1)log1.5


5000
log

160
n 1 = log1.5
= 8.49

(M1)

(A1)

th

n = 9.49 10 year
1999

(A1)

OR
3
Using a gdc with u1 = 160, uk+1 = 2 uk, u9 = 4100, u10 = 6150
1999

(d)
(e)

(M2)
(G2)

S13 = 160
= 61958 (Accept 61960 or 62000.)

(M1)
(A1)

Nearly everyone would have bought a portable telephone so there


would be fewer people left wanting to buy one.

(R1)

1.513 1

1.5 1

OR
Sales would saturate.

(R1)

1
[11]

18.

(a)

(b)

a1 = 1000, an = 1000 + (n 1)250 = 10000


10 000 1000
250
n=
+ 1 = 37.
She runs 10 km on the 37th day.
37
S37 = 2 (1000 + 10000)
She has run a total of 203.5 km

(M1)

(A1)

(M1)
(A1)
[4]

19.

a=5
a + 3d = 40 (may be implied)
35
d= 3
35
T2 = 5 + 3
2
50
= 16 3 or 3 or 16.7 (3 sf)

(M1)
(A1)
(A1)
(A1) (C4)
9

[4]

20.

(a)

(b)

Plan A: 1000, 1080, 1160...


Plan B: 1000, 1000(1.06), 1000(1.06)
2nd month: $1060, 3rd month: $1123.60
(A1)
2
For Plan A,

For Plan B,

(c)

(i)

(ii)

For Plan A,

For Plan B,

T12 = a + 11d
= 1000 + 11(80)
= $1880

(A1)

(M1)
(A1)
11

T12 = 1000(1.06)
= $1898 (to the nearest dollar)

(M1)
(A1)

12
S12 = 2 [2000 + 11(80)]
= 6(2880)
= $17280 (to the nearest dollar)
1000(1.0612 1)
1.06 1
S12 =
= $16870 (to the nearest dollar)

(M1)
(A1)

(M1)
(A1)

4
[10]

10

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