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Pract 02

This document contains 8 practice problems related to strain and stress analysis: 1) Calculate strain components and volumetric strain for two displacement fields. 2) Determine displacement distribution and strain components for a deformed plate. 3) Calculate principal strains, maximum shear strain, and normal/shear strains on an inclined plane from a given strain state. 4) Determine maximum shear strain and normal strain along a direction from given principal strains. 5) Derive an expression for shear strain from rosette strain readings and calculate stresses from elastic deformation. 6) Determine principal strains, maximum shear strain, and stresses from rosette strain readings assuming elasticity. 7) Calculate length and volume

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Timothy C
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104 views

Pract 02

This document contains 8 practice problems related to strain and stress analysis: 1) Calculate strain components and volumetric strain for two displacement fields. 2) Determine displacement distribution and strain components for a deformed plate. 3) Calculate principal strains, maximum shear strain, and normal/shear strains on an inclined plane from a given strain state. 4) Determine maximum shear strain and normal strain along a direction from given principal strains. 5) Derive an expression for shear strain from rosette strain readings and calculate stresses from elastic deformation. 6) Determine principal strains, maximum shear strain, and stresses from rosette strain readings assuming elasticity. 7) Calculate length and volume

Uploaded by

Timothy C
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1

Practice #2

1.

Write out in matrix form the components of the strain corresponding to the
following displacement fields

b
b
y;
v = x ay ;
w=0
2
2
b
b
(ii) u = ax + y + C ; v = x a y + D ; w = az + E
2
2

(i) u = ax +

where a, b, C, D, E and are constants, and u, v and w are the respective displacements
along x, y and z directions. Calculate the volumetric strain in both cases.
2. The 1m by 1m square plate shown in Figures 1 is loaded in plane strain. The
deformed shape of the plates after loading is also shown in the figures (dash-dash
lines). Determine (i) the displacement distribution for the plate given the deformation
shown in the figures, and (ii) the components of the strain relative to the co-ordinate
axes x and y.

2.5
x
Figure 1 (All dimensions in mm)

3. (a) The state of strain at a point in a loaded solid is shown in Fig. 2. Determine: (i) the
principal strains and their directions, (ii) the magnitude and direction of the maximum
o

shear strain, and (iii) the normal and shear strain on a plane inclined at 25 to the ydirection.
(b) Repeat Question 3(a) using the Mohr's circle for strain and compare your results
with those from question 3(a).
5
5
4. The principal strains at a point are 1 = 400 10 and 2 = 200 10 . Determine
(i) the maximum shear strain and the direction along which it occurs relative to the

maximum principal strain and (ii) the normal strain along a direction
major principal axis.

10

300
D
y

= 30 o
C

5
20

900
x

900
Fig. 2

from the

B
Fig. 3

5. The delta strain rosette shown in Figure 4 is used to measure the strains at a point on
the surface of a thin-walled pressure vessel. The strains in the directions marked a, b
and c are a, b and c, respectively. Direction a is coincident with the x-axis of the
rectangular Cartesian axes shown.

Show that the magnitude of the shear strain xy, is given by xy =

(a)

2( b c )
, and
3

obtain the corresponding expression for the direct strain in the y-direction, y.

(b) A cylindrical pressure vessel in a chemical plant is made from a low alloy steel with

Youngs modulus E = 210 GPa and Poissons ratio = 0.3. The vessel is closed at
both ends and a strain gauge rosette similar to that shown in Figure 4 is attached to its
surface, away from the ends. When the vessel is subjected to some form of loading
the gauges read a = 290, b = 60 and c = 70. Determine (i) the magnitude of
the principal strains and the maximum shear strain and (ii) the principal stresses and
the maximum shear stress, assuming the deformation is linear elastic.

b
60

60o

a
Figure 4

6. A rectangular rosette of three strain gauges on the surface of a loaded thin metal plate
gives the following readings: gauge

a at 0 o

= 592, gauge

b at 45 o

= 308, and gauge

= 432. (i) Determine the magnitude of the in-plane principal strains and their
directions relative to the axis of gauge a (ii) Obtain the maximum in-plane shear strain
and also the strains on a plane inclined at 20o to the direction of gauge a. (iii) Assuming
the deformation is linear elastic, determine the principal stresses and the maximum shear
stress if the Youngs modulus E = 70 GPa and the Poissons ratio = 0.3.

c at 90

7.

A 50 mm square plate is subjected to the stresses (in MPa) shown in Fig. 3. (i)
Determine the change in length experienced by diagonal BD if the Youngs modulus
E = 210 GPa and the Poissons ratio = 0.3. (ii) Calculate the change in volume of
the material element ABCD if the initial volume before applying the stresses is 2
mm3. Assume plane stress and linear elastic material behaviour.

3
8. For a given steel, the Youngs modulus E = 200 GPa and the Poissons ratio = 0.3.
If the state of strain at a point within this material is given by

0
0.002 0.001

ij = 0.001 0.003 0.004 .

0.004
0
0
Determine the corresponding stress state at the point, assuming the deformation is
linear elastic.

Answers.

a b / 2 0

Q1. (i) ij = b / 2 a 0 ; vol = 0 .


0
0 0

0
a b/2

ij = b / 2 a 0 ; vol = (1 - 2 )a
(ii)
0
0 a

Q2 (i) u = 0.0025x, v = 0.001y; (ii) x = 0.0025, y = 0.001, xy = 0.


Q3. (i) 1 = 349, 2 = 1549; 36o and 54o. (ii) 949; 9o and 81o.
(iii) x' = 103, x'y'/2 = 808
Q4. (i) 0.001, 45o from 1 (ii) 3500
Q5. (a) y = [2( b + c ) a ] / 3 ; (b)(i) 1 = 304, 2 = 104,

max = 409 (b) (ii) 1 = 63 MPa, 2 = 3 MPa, max = 33 MPa.


Q6. (i) 640, 480; 12 o and 78 o , (ii) max = 1120; x' = 166, x'y' = 1006;
(iii) 38.2 MPa, 22.2 MPa; 30.2 MPa.

Q7. (i) 0.0013 mm. (ii) 1.143x10-4 mm3


0
885 154

Q8. ij = 154 1038 615 MPa.


0
615 577

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