Normal Skin

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Which layer of the skin does cell division take place in?
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Skin color is based on the number of what?
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Meissner Corpuscles look like what and sense what?
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Pacinian corpuscles look like what and sense what?
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What is the key to accurate interpretation and description of cutaneous disease?
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In what phase does hair growth occur?
Dermatology Language
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See Dermatology Definitions Document, probably very accurate as to types of questions
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Are Nodules superficial or non-superficial?
Common Benign Cutaneous Growths
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What is a smooth, dome-shaped, red papule with a central keratin plug that will heal with scarring?
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What are common sites of keloids?
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The pinch or dimple sign is used to diagnose what condition?
Infestations and Bites
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What burrows, causing intense itching that is worse at night or after a hot shower? How do you treat?
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What causes linear groups of 3 painless bites?
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Which condition has a rash that starts on the wrists and ankles and spreads to the rest of the body?
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A large red lesion with central clearing is characteristic of what tick borne illness?
Topical Therapies
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Using the rule of 9s, how much cream would you prescribe someone to put on both arms and their whole head?
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What is the longest you should use Clobetasol continually? What might happen if you go over?
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How long can you use desonide before it becomes unsafe?
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If you were treating a dry lesion, would you use a cream or oil?
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Is Fluocinonide a Low, Mid, High, or Very High potency Topical Steroid?
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What is a fast and easy way to increase the potency of a topical steroid?
Autoimmune Skin Diseases
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Which condition is characterized as a row of tombstones? What are the autoantibodies targeting here?
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What condition is a BMZ dysadhesion? Is this a supra- or sub-epidermal lesion?
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What are 3 classic skin findings of dermatomyositis?
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Does the condition characterized by photosensitivity, painless mucosal ulcers, and a butterfly rash cause scarring?
Fungal Skin Infections
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*What treatment is used for a condition characterized by a black-dot pattern in multiple areas of alopecia?
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*What condition causes an itchy groin rash that spares the scrotum/penis?
Wound care
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During inflammation, which comes first vasoconstriction or vasodilation? What mediates those processes?
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What cell type stimulates granulation?
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What cell type is most prevalent 48 hours after injury?
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What is the gold standard for identifying the cause of an atypical wound?
Cutaneous Manifestations of Systemic Disease
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*What malignancies are associated with the condition characterized by Heliotrope rash and Gottrons papules?
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*What organ is associated with yellow deposits on the skin secondary to a lipid abnormality?
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*What is the autosomal dominant condition that is associated with colon polyps and skin tags?
Atopic Dermatitis
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What is the first area involved in atopic dermatitis in an infant? What areas are spared?
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What areas are commonly involved in older children? What is the appearance of these lesions?
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What are common irritants that worsen atopic dermatitis?
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Are topical steroids effective treatments for atopic dermatitis?
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Is combination therapy with emollients and steroids better than steroids alone?
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Can atopic dermatitis be cured?
Benign Nevi and Pigmented Lesions
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The sudden proliferation of stuck on papules/plaques with horn cysts and cracks is known as what?
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Multiple Large, well-circumscribed, pigmented macules are associated with what autosomal dominant syndrome involving Lisch nodules, optic
gliomas, and axillary or inguinal freckles?
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For small and medium-sized congenital nevi, is there an increased risk of developing melanoma? If so how much?
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What 3 factors can patients have that result in an increased risk for melanoma?
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What is the best prognostic factor for melanoma?
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What 5 (6 really) factors do you look for in distinguishing a nevus from a melanoma?
Seborrheic Dermatitis, Pityriasis Rosea, Lichen Planus
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Are Mid-High potency steroids good treatments for cradle cap?
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When is the condition that is characterized by a herald patch followed with lesions on the lower abs most prevalent?
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What condition has a Christmas-tree distribution?
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What are the 5 Ps associated with Lichen planus?
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What condition shows a lacy, reticular pattern of crisscrossed white lines known as Wickhams striae?
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What is Koebners Phenomenon?
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What condition involves ivory-colored, flat-topped, papules with follicular plugs located around the anogenital region that is common in females?
Acute Burn Management
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What is the greatest predictor of mortality in a burn victim
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What is the #1 cause of immediate fire deaths?
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A 2nd degree burn involves what skin layers and is characterized by what?
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What fluid is used in volume resuscitation in pediatric burn victims? How many cc/kg/%?

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What topical agents used to treat burn victims will penetrate eschar? What side effect does it have?
Acute Exanthematous Diseases
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Conjuncitivits, kopliks spots, maculopapular rash, cough
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Strawberry tongue, circumoral pallor, pastias sign, rash with increased density on neck, axilla, and groin
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Conjunctivitis, hand and foot lesions, desquamation, lymph nodes, rash
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Profuse rash on trunk, sparse distally.
Acne and Rosacea
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Are blackheads open or closed comedones?
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What condition has periodic flushing with central erythema?
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Are potent topical steroids a good treatment option for rosacea?
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What is the preferred topical antibiotic treatment for rosacea?
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What are some factors that worsen acne?
Hypersensitivity Syndromes and Vasculitis
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What recurrent springtime condition is characterized by IgA deposition in blood vessel walls, palpable purpura on the lower extremities and
buttocks, abdominal pain, GI bleeding, arthralgia, and hematuria?
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What disease of the elderly has subcutaneous, pulsating nodules and aneurysms at bifurcation points?
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What chronic inflammatory disease is commonly associated with pyoderma gangrenosum? What lesion is characteristic in this disease?
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Phenytoin, Phenobarbital, sulfonamides, penicillins, mycoplasma and HSV are all associated with what condition that has widespread target
lesions on the trunk, palms and soles with oral lesions?
Allergic Eczema and Hand Dermatitis
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Does heat aggravate or alleviate acute eczema?
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What treatments are available that alter the course of acute eczema?
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What is the treatment of choice for subacute eczema?
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Is itching a symptom of subacute eczema?
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Chronic excoriations causes what to happen to the epidermis?
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Chronic eczema created by picking causes what?
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What is a very effective mode of therapy for chronic eczema?
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What condition appears in the winter and forms a cracked porcelain or crazy paving pattern?
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Patients with what condition can sometimes get stasis dermatitis?
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What is the most important method of treatment for lichen simplex chronicus?
Bacterial Skin Infections
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What is the two most common treatments for cellulitis?
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What disease has a mousy odor and how would you treat?
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What treatment do you use for pseudomonas folliculitis?
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Should Be a couple more from here
Non-melanoma
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What sharply bordered, irregular lesion with hair is found commonly in adolescent men?
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(X) What dome shaped, red papules appear suddenly?
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(X) What is the most common type of melanoma in non-Caucasians?
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A pearly papule with telangiectasias that commonly appears on the upper lip is most likely what?
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What is a good treatment for superficial BCCs but not nodular or invasive BCCs?
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What is the first step before treating a suspected BCC?
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A sandpapery, tender, scaly lesion with a thick cutaneous horn is most likely what?
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A non-healing ulcer on the lower lip is most likely what?
Skin Pathology
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Which cells contain Birbeck Granules?
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Monros Microabscesses are associated with what condition?
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What is a common sun-induced epithelial lesion at risk for Squamous Cell Carcinoma?
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What is an example of an indurated plaque that shows septal panniculitis on histology and is associated with ulcerative colitis?
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What are the three most common drugs that cause erythemal multiforme?
Nail Disorders
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What is the treatment for transverse striate leukonychia?
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What treatment is used for psoriasis and Lichen planus nail involvement?
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What is the most difficult nail disease to treat? (I think this is a probable variant)
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What are transverse linear depressions caused by periods of suppressed nail growth?
Light-related and Pigmentary Disorders
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What congenital dermal melanocytosis involves the 1st and 2nd divisions of the trigeminal nerve and produces speckles or mottled, grayish-brown
to blue-black patches?
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What is a non-scaling hyperpigmentation of sun-exposed areas usually caused by pregnancy?
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Vitiligo is cause by destruction of what?
Psoriasis and Papulosquamous Diseases
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What condition generally follows a URI and consists of small, oval plaques and papules with a collarette scale?
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What are some common medications linked with psoriatic flares
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What one treatment should all psoriasis patients undergo?
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Calcipotriene, a psoriasis treatment used in combination with potent topical steroids, has what effects on skin?
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What type of agents should be used with the scale is really thick?
Melanoma
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*The prognosis for melanoma is MOST dependent on what?
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*70 y/o WF concerned about mole on back, which of the following should trigger a biopsy? Family h/o, Personal h/o, Unusual appearance

All of the above

Principles of Dermatologic Testing

Multinucleated giant cells with molding of enlarged nuclei, often having a ground glass appearance and intranuclear inclusions if seen in a
Tzanck test/smear are diagnostic of what?
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What condition has coral pink fluorescence under a Woods lamp?
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Indirect Immunofluorescence detects the presence or absence of what in a patients serum?
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What condition shows granular IgA in the dermal papillae on Direct IF?

Viral Skin Infections

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*What is the most common wart?
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*What is the nature of Zoster infections (where does it come from)?

Immune skin Disorders and Drug Eruptions

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*In addition to the skin, which of the following body systems is most commonly affected by leukocytic vasculitis?
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*The primary lesion of urticaria is?
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*How is angioedema different from the more common forms of urticaria?
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*Target lesions on the palms and soles are highly characteristic of what inflammatory condition?

Hair Self Study

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A woman develops diffuse alopecia 3 months after giving birth to a healthy child. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Example Questions Answer Sheet

Normal Skin
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Stratum Basale
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Melanosomes
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Pinecones, touch
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Footballs, pressure and vibration
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Identification of the primary lesion
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Anagen

Dermatology Language
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See Dermatology Definitions Document, probably very accurate as to types of questions
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Non-superficial

Common Benign Cutaneous Growths

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Keratoacanthoma
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Chest, shoulders, earlobes
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Dermatofibromas

Infestations and Bites

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Scabies, permethrin
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Bedbugs
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Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
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Lyme Disease

Topical Therapies
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27% (9*2 + 9)
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2 weeks as it is a High Potency Topical Steroid. Skin atrophy
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2-6 weeks is recommended, but no upper limit really established as it is low potency
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Oil traps water in lesion to moisturize
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High
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Occlusion (most commonly by wrapping with plastic)

Autoimmune Skin Diseases

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Pemphigus Vulgaris, desmosomal antigens causing intracellular dysadhesion
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Bullous Pemphigoid, subepidermal bulla.
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Heliotrope rash, Gottrons papules, Shawl sign.
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Yes (Discoid Lupus Erythematosus causes scarring alopecia)

Fungal Skin Infections

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Griseofulvin (tinea capitis causes black dot pattern of broken hair)
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Tinea cruris

Wound care
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Vasoconstriction, mediated by mast cells
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Macrophages
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Neutrophils
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Biopsy

Cutaneous Manifestations of Systemic Disease

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Dermatomyosistis
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Heart (xanthoma)
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Gardners syndrome

Atopic Dermatitis
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Trunk and cheeks, areas covered by the diaper (cant scratch there)
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Flexural areas, confluent papules forming plaques in the antecubital fossae
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Heat, emotional stress, dust, cats
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Yes, very.
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Yes.
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No.

Benign Nevi and Pigmented Lesions

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Leser Trelat Sign
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Neurofibromatosis Type 1
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No, risk is <1%, same as the rest of the population
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Family h/o, personal h/o, >100 common acquire nevi
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Depth of invasion (breslows depth)
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Asymmetry, Border irregularity, Color, Diameter, Evolving, (family h/o)
Seborrheic Dermatitis, Pityriasis Rosea, Lichen Planus
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No, it responds well to groups V-VII topical steroids. Also shouldnt use potent topicals on scalp/face.
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Winter (pityriasis rosea)
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Pityriasis rosea
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Pruritic, Planar, Purple, Polygonal, Papules
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Lichen Planus
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The sudden appearance of skin conditions following trauma or radiation
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Lichen Sclerosus et atrophicus
Acute Burn Management
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Age
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Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
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Epidermis and Dermis, blisters (no blisters in 1st degree, charring in 3rd)
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Ringers Lactate with D5 NS at 3cc/kg/%TBSA
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Mafenide Acetate, metabolic acidosis
Acute Exanthematous Diseases
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Measles
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Scarlet Fever
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Kawasakis
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Chicken Pox
Acne and Rosacea
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Open
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Rosacea
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No, they often worsen the disease. Also face involvement.
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Metronidazole
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Sweating, pre-menstruation, humid environments, stress
Hypersensitivity Syndromes and Vasculitis
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Henoch-Schonlein Purpura
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Polyarteritis Nodosa
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Ulcerative colitis, necrotic ulcers with undermined purple-to-red margins
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Stevens-Johnson syndrome (presence of oral lesions points to more severe than just EM)
Allergic Eczema and Hand Dermatitis
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Temporarily relieves the itching, but aggravates overall.
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None (treatments just palliative)
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Group III-V topical Corticosteroids.
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It can be, it varies from no itching to intense itching.
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Thickened epidermis with accentuated skin lines
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Lichen simplex chronicus
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Intralesional injection
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Xerosis (asteatotic eczema)
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Venous insufficiency
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The patient MUST stop scratching or rubbing.
Bacterial Skin Infections
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Erythromycin and Azithromycin
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Pseudomonas Cellulitis, ciprofloxacin
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Oral fluoroquinolones
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Yeah, theres a lot of material in this lecture, go back through.
Non-melanoma
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Beckers Nevus
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I have no idea where this question came from and cant find the powerpoint I got it off of.
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Same as above, but this one is even stranger because it involves melanoma in the non-melanoma section.
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Basal Cell Carcinoma
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Imiquimod (Aldara)
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Biopsy
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Actinic Keratosis
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Squamous Cell carcinoma (classically BCC on upper lip and SCC on lower lip)
Skin Pathology
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Langerhans Cells
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Psoriasis
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Actinic Keratosis
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Erythema Nodosum
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Sulfonamides, dilantin, allopurinol
Nail Disorders
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Nothing, this is normal.
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Intralesional corticosteroids
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Onychomycosis
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Beaus Lines
Light-related and Pigmentary Disorders
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Nevus of Ota
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Melasma

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Melanocytes
Psoriasis and Papulosquamous Diseases
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Pityriasis Rosea
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Lithium, B-Blockers, ACEIs, Indomethacin, Antimalarials
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Sunlight therapy
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Stimulates differentiation and inhibits proliferation
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karatolytic
Melanoma
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Depth of invasion
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All of the above
Principles of Dermatologic Testing
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Herpes
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Erythrasma
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A specific antibody
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Dermatitis Herpetiformis
Viral Skin Infections
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Verruca vulgaris
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Reactivation of varicella
Immune skin Disorders and Drug Eruptions
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Renal
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Wheal
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It involves transudation of fluid deeper into the dermis, subcutaneous, or submucosal tissues
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Erythema Migrans
Hair Self Study - Telogen effluvium