EZ-USB FX

Technical Reference
Manual

Cypress Semiconductor Interface Products Division

15050 Avenue of Science Suite 200 San Diego, CA 92128

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The EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual,
Version 1.3.
Copyright 2000, Cypress Semiconductor Corporation.
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Table of Contents
Chapter 1. Introducing EZ-USB FX - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1-1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5

Introduction ................................................................................................... 1-1

EZ-USB FX Block Diagrams ......................................................................... 1-2
The USB Specification.................................................................................. 1-3
Tokens and PIDs ........................................................................................... 1-4
Host is Master................................................................................................ 1-5
1.5.1 Receiving Data from the Host ............................................................. 1-5
1.5.2 Sending Data to the Host .................................................................... 1-6
1.6 USB Direction ................................................................................................ 1-6
1.7 Frame ............................................................................................................. 1-6
1.8 EZ-USB FX Transfer Types .......................................................................... 1-6
1.8.1 Bulk Transfers ..................................................................................... 1-7
1.8.2 Interrupt Transfers............................................................................... 1-7
1.8.3 Isochronous Transfers ........................................................................ 1-7
1.8.4 Control Transfers ............................................................................... 1-8
1.9 Enumeration .................................................................................................. 1-8
1.10 The USB Core .............................................................................................. 1-9
1.11 EZ-USB FX Microprocessor ..................................................................... 1-10
1.12 ReNumeration ........................................................................................ 1-11
1.13 EZ-USB FX Endpoints............................................................................... 1-11
1.13.1 EZ-USB FX Bulk Endpoints ............................................................ 1-12
1.13.2 EZ-USB FX Control Endpoint Zero ................................................. 1-12
1.13.3 EZ-USB FX Interrupt Endpoints ...................................................... 1-13
1.13.4 EZ-USB FX Isochronous Endpoints................................................ 1-13
1.14 Interrupts ................................................................................................... 1-13
1.15 Reset and Power Management ................................................................ 1-14
1.16 Slave FIFOs................................................................................................ 1-14
1.17 GPIF (General Programmable Interface)................................................. 1-14
1.18 EZ-USB FX Product Family ...................................................................... 1-15

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Chapter 2. EZ-USB FX CPU - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-1
2.1 Introduction................................................................................................... 2-1
2.2 8051 Enhancements ..................................................................................... 2-1
2.3 EZ-USB FX Enhancements .......................................................................... 2-2
2.4 EZ-USB FX Register Interface ..................................................................... 2-2
2.5 EZ-USB FX Internal RAM.............................................................................. 2-3
2.6 I/O Ports......................................................................................................... 2-3
2.7 Interrupts ....................................................................................................... 2-4
2.8 Power Control ............................................................................................... 2-5
2.9 SFRs............................................................................................................... 2-5
2.10 Internal Bus ................................................................................................. 2-7
2.11 Reset ............................................................................................................ 2-7

Chapter 3. EZ-USB FX Memory - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-1

3.1 Introduction................................................................................................... 3-1
3.2 8051 Memory ................................................................................................. 3-2
3.2.1 About 8051 Memory Spaces .............................................................. 3-2
3.3 Expanding EZ-USB FX Memory................................................................... 3-4
3.4 CS# and OE# Signals ................................................................................... 3-5

Chapter 4. EZ-USB FX Input/Output - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4-1

4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7

Introduction................................................................................................... 4-1
I/O Ports......................................................................................................... 4-2
Input/Output Port Registers......................................................................... 4-4
Port Configuration Tables............................................................................ 4-8
I2C-Compatible Controller ......................................................................... 4-14
8051 I2C-Compatible Controller ................................................................ 4-14
Control Bits ................................................................................................. 4-16
4.7.1 START .............................................................................................. 4-16
4.7.2 STOP ................................................................................................ 4-16
4.7.3 LASTRD ........................................................................................... 4-17
4.8 Status Bits ................................................................................................... 4-17
4.8.1 DONE ............................................................................................... 4-17
4.8.2 ACK .................................................................................................. 4-17
4.8.3 BERR................................................................................................ 4-17
4.8.4 ID1, ID0 ............................................................................................ 4-18

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4.9 Sending I2C-Compatible Data.................................................................... 4-18
4.10 Receiving I2C-Compatible Data ............................................................... 4-18
4.11 I2C-Compatible Boot Loader.................................................................... 4-19
4.12 SFR Addressing ........................................................................................ 4-21
4.13 SFR Control of PORTs A-E....................................................................... 4-25

Chapter 5. EZ-USB FX Enumeration & ReNumeration - - - - - - - - - 5-1

5.1 Introduction ................................................................................................... 5-1
5.2 The Default USB Device ............................................................................... 5-2
5.3 USB Core Response to EP0 Device Requests ........................................... 5-3
5.3.1 Port Configuration Bits ........................................................................ 5-4
5.4 Firmware Load............................................................................................... 5-5
5.5 Enumeration Modes..................................................................................... 5-6
5.6 No Serial EEPROM ........................................................................................ 5-7
5.7 Serial EEPROM Present, First Byte is 0xB4 ............................................... 5-8
5.8 Serial EEPROM Present, First Byte is 0xB6 ............................................... 5-9
5.9 Configuration Byte 0.................................................................................. 5-10
5.10 ReNumeration ........................................................................................ 5-11
5.11 Multiple ReNumeration ......................................................................... 5-13
5.12 Default Descriptor ..................................................................................... 5-13

Chapter 6. EZ-USB FX Bulk Transfers - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6-1

6.1 Introduction ................................................................................................... 6-1
6.2 Bulk IN Transfers .......................................................................................... 6-4
6.3 Interrupt Transfers ........................................................................................ 6-5
6.4 EZ-USB FX Bulk IN Example ........................................................................ 6-5
6.5 Bulk OUT Transfers ...................................................................................... 6-6
6.6 Endpoint Pairing ........................................................................................... 6-8
6.7 Paired IN Endpoint Status ............................................................................ 6-8
6.8 Paired OUT Endpoint Status ........................................................................ 6-9
6.9 Reusing Bulk Buffer Memory....................................................................... 6-9
6.10 Data Toggle Control.................................................................................. 6-10
6.11 Polled Bulk Transfer Example ................................................................. 6-11
6.12 Enumeration Note ..................................................................................... 6-12
6.13 Bulk Endpoint Interrupts .......................................................................... 6-13
6.14 Interrupt Bulk Transfer Example ............................................................. 6-14

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6.15 Enumeration Note..................................................................................... 6-19
6.16 The Autopointer ........................................................................................ 6-19

Chapter 7. EZ-USB FX Slave FIFOs - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 7-1

7.1 Introduction................................................................................................... 7-1
7.1.1 8051 FIFO Access .............................................................................. 7-2
7.1.2 External Logic FIFO Access ............................................................... 7-2
7.1.3 ASEL, BSEL in 8-Bit Mode ................................................................. 7-3
7.1.4 ASEL, BSEL in Double-Byte Mode..................................................... 7-4
7.1.5 FIFO Registers ................................................................................... 7-4
7.1.6 FIFO Flags and Interrupts .................................................................. 7-5
7.2 Slave FIFO Register Descriptions ............................................................... 7-6
7.2.1 FIFO A Read Data .............................................................................. 7-7
7.2.2 A-IN FIFO Byte Count ........................................................................ 7-8
7.2.3 A-IN FIFO Programmable Flag........................................................... 7-9
7.2.3.1 Filling FIFO.............................................................................. 7-10
7.2.3.2 Emptying FIFO ........................................................................ 7-10
7.2.3.3 A-IN FIFO Pin Programmable Flag ......................................... 7-11
7.2.4 B-IN FIFO Read Data ....................................................................... 7-13
7.2.5 B-IN FIFO Byte Count ...................................................................... 7-14
7.2.6 B-IN FIFO Programmable Flag......................................................... 7-15
7.2.6.1 Filling FIFO.............................................................................. 7-16
7.2.6.2 Emptying FIFO ........................................................................ 7-16
7.2.7 B-IN FIFO Pin Programmable Flag................................................... 7-17
7.2.8 Input FIFOs A/B Toggle CTL and Flags ........................................... 7-18
7.2.9 Input FIFOs A/B Interrupt Enables ................................................... 7-20
7.2.10 Input FIFOs A/B Interrupt Requests ............................................... 7-22
7.2.11 FIFO A Write Data .......................................................................... 7-24
7.2.11.1 A-OUT FIFO Byte Count ....................................................... 7-25
7.2.12 A-OUT FIFO Programmable Flag................................................... 7-26
7.2.12.1 Filling FIFO............................................................................ 7-27
7.2.12.2 Emptying FIFO ...................................................................... 7-27
7.2.13 A-OUT FIFO Pin Programmable Flag............................................. 7-28
7.2.14 B-OUT FIFO Write Data ................................................................. 7-30
7.2.15 B-OUT FIFO Byte Count ................................................................ 7-31
7.2.16 B-OUT FIFO Programmable Flag................................................... 7-32
7.2.16.1 Filling FIFO............................................................................ 7-33
7.2.16.2 Emptying FIFO ...................................................................... 7-33

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7.2.17 B-OUT FIFO Pin Programmable Flag ............................................. 7-34
7.2.18 Output FIFOs A/B Toggle CTL and Flags ....................................... 7-35
7.2.19 Output FIFOs A/B Interrupt Enables ............................................... 7-37
7.2.20 Output FIFOs A/B Interrupt Requests ............................................. 7-39
7.2.21 FIFO A/B Setup............................................................................... 7-40
7.2.22 FIFO A/B Control Signal Polarities.................................................. 7-43
7.2.23 FIFO Flag Reset.............................................................................. 7-44
7.3 FIFO Timing ................................................................................................. 7-45

Chapter 8. General Programmable Interface (GPIF) - - - - - - - - - - - 8-1

8.1
8.2
8.3
8.4

What is GPIF?................................................................................................ 8-1

Applicable Documents and Tools ............................................................... 8-2
Typical GPIF Interface .................................................................................. 8-3
External GPIF Connections.......................................................................... 8-4
8.4.1 The External GPIF Interface ............................................................... 8-4
8.4.2 Connecting GPIF Signal Pins to Hardware ......................................... 8-5
8.4.3 Example GPIF Hardware Interconnect ............................................... 8-5
8.5 Internal GPIF Operation................................................................................ 8-6
8.5.1 The Internal GPIF Engine ................................................................... 8-6
8.5.2 Global GPIF Configuration .................................................................. 8-6
8.5.2.1 Data Bus Width.......................................................................... 8-6
8.5.2.2 Control Output Modes ............................................................... 8-6
8.5.2.3 Synchronous/Asynchronous Mode ............................................ 8-7
8.5.3 Programming GPIF Waveforms .......................................................... 8-7
8.5.3.1 The GPIF IDLE State................................................................. 8-8
8.5.3.2 Defining Intervals ..................................................................... 8-10
8.5.3.3 Interval Waveform Descriptor .................................................. 8-14
8.5.3.4 Physical Structure of the Waveform Memories........................ 8-18
8.5.4 Starting GPIF Waveform Transactions ............................................. 8-20
8.5.4.1 Performing a Single Read Transaction.................................... 8-20
8.5.4.2 Performing a Single Write Transaction .................................... 8-22
8.5.5 GPIF FIFO Transactions ................................................................... 8-22
8.5.5.1 The GPIF_PF Flag .................................................................. 8-22
8.5.5.2 Performing a FIFO Read Transaction ..................................... 8-23
8.5.5.3 Performing a FIFO Write Transaction...................................... 8-23
8.5.5.4 Burst FIFO Transactions ......................................................... 8-24
8.5.5.5 Waveform Selector .................................................................. 8-25
8.5.6 Data/Trigger Registers ...................................................................... 8-26

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8.5.7 FIFO Operation Trigger Registers .................................................... 8-28
8.5.8 Transaction Count Registers ............................................................ 8-29
8.5.9 READY Register ............................................................................... 8-30
8.5.10 CTLOUTCFG Register ................................................................... 8-31
8.5.11 IDLE State Registers ...................................................................... 8-32
8.5.12 Address Register GPIFADRL ......................................................... 8-34
8.5.13 GPIF_ABORT Register .................................................................. 8-35

Chapter 9. EZ-USB FX Endpoint Zero - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 9-1

9.1 Introduction................................................................................................... 9-1
9.2 Control Endpoint EP0................................................................................... 9-2
9.3 USB Requests ............................................................................................... 9-5
9.3.1 Get Status........................................................................................... 9-6
9.3.2 Set Feature ....................................................................................... 9-10
9.3.3 Clear Feature.................................................................................... 9-12
9.3.4 Get Descriptor .................................................................................. 9-12
9.3.4.1 Get Descriptor-Device ............................................................. 9-14
9.3.4.2 Get Descriptor-Configuration .................................................. 9-15
9.3.4.3 Get Descriptor-String .............................................................. 9-15
9.3.5 Set Descriptor ................................................................................... 9-16
9.3.5.1 Set Configuration .................................................................... 9-19
9.3.6 Get Configuration ............................................................................. 9-19
9.3.7 Set Interface ..................................................................................... 9-20
9.3.8 Get Interface ..................................................................................... 9-21
9.3.9 Set Address ...................................................................................... 9-21
9.3.10 Sync Frame .................................................................................... 9-22
9.3.11 Firmware Load................................................................................ 9-23

Chapter 10. EZ-USB FX Isochronous Transfers - - - - - - - - - - - - 10-1

10.1 Introduction............................................................................................... 10-1
10.2 Isochronous IN Transfers ........................................................................ 10-2
10.2.1 Initialization ..................................................................................... 10-2
10.2.2 IN Data Transfers ........................................................................... 10-3
10.3 Isochronous OUT Transfers .................................................................... 10-3
10.3.1 Initialization ..................................................................................... 10-4
10.3.2 OUT Data Transfer ......................................................................... 10-4
10.4 Setting Isochronous FIFO Sizes.............................................................. 10-5

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10.5 Isochronous Transfer Speed ................................................................... 10-7
10.6 Other Isochronous Registers................................................................... 10-9
10.6.1 Disable ISO ..................................................................................... 10-9
10.6.2 Zero Byte Count Bits ..................................................................... 10-10
10.7 ISO IN Response with No Data .............................................................. 10-10
10.8 Restrictions Near SOF ............................................................................ 10-11

Chapter 11. EZ-USB FX DMA System - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 11-1

11.1 Introduction ............................................................................................... 11-1
11.2 DMA Register Descriptions...................................................................... 11-2
11.2.1 Source, Destination, Transfer Length Address Registers ............... 11-2
11.2.2 DMA Start and Status Register ....................................................... 11-6
11.2.3 DMA Synchronous Burst Enables Register .................................... 11-6
11.2.4 Dummy Register ............................................................................. 11-9
11.3 External DMA Transfers - Strobes......................................................... 11-10
11.3.1 Selection of RD/FRD and WR/FWR DMA Strobes ....................... 11-10
11.4 Interaction of DMA Strobe Waveforms and Stretch Bits ..................... 11-10
11.4.1 DMA External Writes..................................................................... 11-11
11.4.2 DMA External Reads..................................................................... 11-12
11.4.2.1 Modes 0 and 1 ..................................................................... 11-13
11.4.2.2 Modes 2 and 3 ..................................................................... 11-13

Chapter 12. EZ-USB FX Interrupts - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 12-1

12.1 Introduction ............................................................................................... 12-1
12.2 USB Core Interrupts.................................................................................. 12-2
12.3 Resume Interrupt ...................................................................................... 12-2
12.4 USB Signaling Interrupts.......................................................................... 12-2
12.5 SUTOK, SUDAV Interrupts ....................................................................... 12-7
12.6 SOF Interrupt ............................................................................................. 12-7
12.7 Suspend Interrupt ..................................................................................... 12-8
12.8 USB RESET Interrupt................................................................................ 12-8
12.9 Bulk Endpoint Interrupts .......................................................................... 12-8
12.10 USB Autovectors..................................................................................... 12-8
12.11 Autovector Coding................................................................................ 12-10
12.12 I2C-Compatible Interrupt ...................................................................... 12-12
12.13 In Bulk NAK Interrupt............................................................................ 12-12

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12.14 I2C-Compatible STOP Complete Interrupt ......................................... 12-13
12.15 Slave FIFO Interrupt (INT4) .................................................................. 12-15

Chapter 13. EZ-USB FX Resets - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 13-1

13.1 Introduction............................................................................................... 13-1
13.2 EZ-USB FX Power-On Reset (POR)......................................................... 13-1
13.3 Releasing the 8051 Reset......................................................................... 13-3
13.3.1 RAM Download............................................................................... 13-4
13.3.2 EEPROM Load ............................................................................... 13-4
13.3.3 External ROM ................................................................................. 13-4
13.4 8051 Reset Effects .................................................................................... 13-4
13.5 USB Bus Reset.......................................................................................... 13-5
13.6 EZ-USB FX Disconnect ............................................................................ 13-7
13.7 Reset Summary......................................................................................... 13-8

Chapter 14. EZ-USB FX Power Management - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 14-1

14.1
14.2
14.3
14.4

Introduction............................................................................................... 14-1
Suspend..................................................................................................... 14-2
Resume...................................................................................................... 14-3
Remote Wakeup........................................................................................ 14-5

Chapter 15. EZ-USB FX Registers - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 15-1

15.1 Introduction............................................................................................... 15-1
15.1.1 Example Register Formats ............................................................. 15-1
15.1.2 Other Conventions.......................................................................... 15-2
15.2 Slave FIFO Registers................................................................................ 15-3
15.2.1 FIFO A Read Data .......................................................................... 15-3
15.2.2 A-IN FIFO Byte Count .................................................................... 15-3
15.2.3 A-IN FIFO Programmable Flag....................................................... 15-4
15.2.4 A-IN FIFO Pin Programmable Flag................................................. 15-4
15.2.5 B-IN FIFO Read Data ..................................................................... 15-5
15.2.6 B-IN FIFO Byte Count .................................................................... 15-5
15.2.7 B-IN FIFO Programmable Flag....................................................... 15-6
15.2.8 B-IN FIFO Pin Programmable Flag................................................. 15-6
15.2.9 Input FIFOs A/B Toggle CTL and Flags ......................................... 15-7
15.2.10 Input FIFOs A/B Interrupt Enables ............................................... 15-7
15.2.11 Input FIFOs A/B Interrupt Requests ............................................. 15-7

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15.2.12 FIFO A Write Data......................................................................... 15-8
15.2.13 A-OUT FIFO Byte Count ............................................................... 15-8
15.2.14 A-OUT FIFO Programmable Flag ................................................. 15-9
15.2.15 A-OUT FIFO Pin Programmable Flag ........................................... 15-9
15.2.16 B-OUT FIFO Write Data.............................................................. 15-10
15.2.17 B-OUT FIFO Byte Count ............................................................. 15-10
15.2.18 B-OUT FIFO Programmable Flag ............................................... 15-11
15.2.19 B-OUT FIFO Pin Programmable Flag ......................................... 15-11
15.2.20 Output FIFOs A/B Toggle CTL and Flags ................................... 15-12
15.2.21 Output FIFOs A/B Interrupt Enables ........................................... 15-12
15.2.22 Output FIFOs A/B Interrupt Requests ......................................... 15-12
15.2.23 FIFO A/B Setup........................................................................... 15-13
15.2.24 FIFO A/B Control Signal Polarities.............................................. 15-13
15.2.25 FIFO Flag Reset.......................................................................... 15-14
15.3 Waveform Selector.................................................................................. 15-14
15.4 GPIF Done, GPIF IDLE Drive Mode........................................................ 15-15
15.5 Inactive Bus, CTL States ........................................................................ 15-15
15.6 GPIF Address LSB .................................................................................. 15-16
15.7 FIFO A IN Transaction Count ................................................................. 15-16
15.8 FIFO A OUT Transaction Count ............................................................. 15-17
15.9 FIFO A Transaction Trigger.................................................................... 15-17
15.10 FIFO B IN Transaction Count ............................................................... 15-18
15.11 FIFO B OUT Transaction Count ........................................................... 15-18
15.12 FIFO B Transaction Trigger.................................................................. 15-19
15.13 GPIF Data H (16-bit mode only) ........................................................... 15-19
15.14 Read or Write GPIF Data L and Trigger Read Transaction ............... 15-19
15.15 Read GPIF Data L, No Read Transaction Trigger............................... 15-20
15.16 Internal READY, Sync/Async, READY Pin States .............................. 15-20
15.17 Abort GPIF Cycles................................................................................. 15-20
15.18 General Purpose I/F Interrupt Enable.................................................. 15-21
15.19 Generic Interrupt Request.................................................................... 15-21
15.20 Input/Output Port Registers D and E................................................... 15-22
15.20.1 Port D Outputs ............................................................................ 15-22
15.20.2 Input Port D Pins ......................................................................... 15-22
15.20.3 Port D Output Enable .................................................................. 15-22
15.20.4 Port E Outputs............................................................................. 15-23

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15.20.5 Input Port E Pins......................................................................... 15-23
15.20.6 Port E Output Enable.................................................................. 15-23
15.21 PORTSETUP.......................................................................................... 15-24
15.22 Interface Configuration ........................................................................ 15-24
15.23 PORTA and PORTC Alternate Configurations ................................... 15-27
15.23.1 Port A Alternate Configuration #2 ............................................... 15-27
15.23.2 Port C Alternate Configuration #2............................................... 15-28
15.24 DMA Registers ...................................................................................... 15-31
15.24.1 Source, Destination, Transfer Length Address Registers........... 15-31
15.24.2 DMA Start and Status Register .................................................. 15-32
15.24.3 DMA Synchronous Burst Enables Register ................................ 15-33
15.24.4 Select 8051 A/D busses as External FIFO ................................. 15-33
15.25 Slave FIFO Interrupt (INT4) .................................................................. 15-34
15.25.1 Interrupt 4 Autovector ................................................................. 15-34
15.25.2 Interrupt 4 Autovector ................................................................. 15-34
15.26 Waveform Descriptors ......................................................................... 15-35
15.27 Bulk Data Buffers.................................................................................. 15-35
15.28 Isochronous Data FIFOs ...................................................................... 15-37
15.29 Isochronous Byte Counts .................................................................... 15-39
15.30 CPU Registers....................................................................................... 15-41
15.31 Port Configuration ................................................................................ 15-42
15.32 Input/Output Port Registers A - C ....................................................... 15-44
15.32.1 Outputs ....................................................................................... 15-44
15.32.2 Pins............................................................................................. 15-45
15.32.3 Output Enables ........................................................................... 15-46
15.33 Isochronous Control/Status Registers ............................................... 15-47
15.34 I2C-Compatible Registers..................................................................... 15-48
15.35 Interrupts ............................................................................................... 15-51
15.36 Endpoint 0 Control and Status Registers........................................... 15-58
15.37 Endpoint 1-7 Control and Status Registers ....................................... 15-60
15.38 Global USB Registers........................................................................... 15-65
15.39 Fast Transfers ....................................................................................... 15-71
15.39.1 AUTOPTRH/L ............................................................................. 15-73
15.39.2 AUTODATA ................................................................................ 15-73
15.40 SETUP Data ........................................................................................... 15-74

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15.41 Isochronous FIFO Sizes ....................................................................... 15-74

Chapter 16. 8051 Introduction- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 16-1

16.1
16.2
16.3
16.4
16.5
16.6

Introduction ............................................................................................... 16-1

8051 Features ............................................................................................ 16-2
Performance Overview ............................................................................. 16-2
Software Compatibility ............................................................................. 16-4
803x/805x Feature Comparison ............................................................... 16-4
8051 Core/DS80C320 Differences............................................................ 16-5
16.6.1 Serial Ports...................................................................................... 16-5
16.6.2 Timer 2 ............................................................................................ 16-5
16.6.3 Timed Access Protection ................................................................ 16-5
16.6.4 Watchdog Timer.............................................................................. 16-5

Chapter 17. 8051 Architectural Overview - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 17-1

17.1 Introduction ............................................................................................... 17-1
17.1.1 Memory Organization...................................................................... 17-1
17.1.1.1 Registers ............................................................................... 17-1
17.1.1.2 Program Memory ................................................................... 17-3
17.1.1.3 Data Memory ......................................................................... 17-3
17.1.1.4 EZ-USB FX Program/Data Memory....................................... 17-3
17.1.1.5 Accessing Data Memory........................................................ 17-3
17.1.2 Instruction Set ................................................................................. 17-4
17.1.3 Instruction Timing............................................................................ 17-8
17.1.4 CPU Timing..................................................................................... 17-9
17.1.5 Stretch Memory Cycles (Wait States) ............................................. 17-9
17.1.6 Dual Data Pointers ........................................................................ 17-10
17.1.7 Special Function Registers ........................................................... 17-11

Chapter 18. 8051 Hardware Description - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 18-1

18.1 Introduction ............................................................................................... 18-1
18.2 Timers/Counters........................................................................................ 18-1
18.2.1 803x/805x Compatibility .................................................................. 18-2
18.2.2 Timers 0 and 1 ................................................................................ 18-2
18.2.2.1 Mode 0................................................................................... 18-2
18.2.2.2 Mode 1................................................................................... 18-3
18.2.2.3 Mode 2................................................................................... 18-5
18.2.2.4 Mode 3................................................................................... 18-6

Table of Contents

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(Table of Contents)

18.3

18.4

18.5
18.6

18.2.3 Timer Rate Control ......................................................................... 18-7

18.2.4 Timer 2 ........................................................................................... 18-8
18.2.4.1 Timer 2 Mode Control ........................................................... 18-9
18.2.5 16-Bit Timer/Counter Mode ............................................................ 18-9
18.2.5.1 6-Bit Timer/Counter Mode with Capture.............................. 18-10
18.2.6 16-Bit Timer/Counter Mode with Auto-Reload .............................. 18-11
18.2.7 Baud Rate Generator Mode ......................................................... 18-12
Serial Interface ........................................................................................ 18-13
18.3.1 803x/805x Compatibility ............................................................... 18-14
18.3.2 Mode 0.......................................................................................... 18-14
18.3.3 Mode 1.......................................................................................... 18-19
18.3.3.1 Mode 1 Baud Rate .............................................................. 18-19
18.3.3.2 Mode 1 Transmit ................................................................. 18-21
18.3.4 Mode 1 Receive............................................................................ 18-21
18.3.5 Mode 2.......................................................................................... 18-23
18.3.5.1 Mode 2 Transmit ................................................................. 18-23
18.3.5.2 Mode 2 Receive .................................................................. 18-24
18.3.6 Mode 3.......................................................................................... 18-25
18.3.7 Multiprocessor Communications................................................... 18-27
18.3.8 Interrupt SFRs .............................................................................. 18-27
Interrupt Processing............................................................................... 18-30
18.4.1 Interrupt Masking .......................................................................... 18-31
18.4.1.1 Interrupt Priorities ................................................................ 18-31
18.4.2 Interrupt Sampling ........................................................................ 18-32
18.4.3 Interrupt Latency........................................................................... 18-33
18.4.4 Single-Step Operation .................................................................. 18-33
Reset ........................................................................................................ 18-33
Power Saving Modes.............................................................................. 18-34
18.6.1 Idle Mode ...................................................................................... 18-34

EZ-USB FX Register Summary ........................................................ RegSum - 1

xii

Table of Contents

List of Figures
Figure 1-1.

CY7C646x3-80NC (80 pin) Simplified Block Diagram ..................................... 1-2

Figure 1-2.

CY7C646x3-128NC (128 pin) Simplified Block Diagram .................................. 1-3

Figure 1-3.

USB Packets ..................................................................................................... 1-4

Figure 1-4.

Two Bulk Transfers, IN and OUT ...................................................................... 1-7

Figure 1-5.

An Interrupt Transfer ......................................................................................... 1-7

Figure 1-6.

An Isochronous Transfer ................................................................................... 1-7

Figure 1-7.

A Control Transfer ............................................................................................. 1-8

Figure 1-8.

What the SIE Does ............................................................................................ 1-9

Figure 2-1.

8051 Registers .................................................................................................. 2-3

Figure 3-1.

EZ-USB FX 8-KB Memory Map - Addresses are in Hexadecimal .................... 3-1

Figure 3-2.

EZ-USB FX 4-KB Memory Map - Addresses are in Hexadecimal .................... 3-2

Figure 3-3.

Unused Bulk Endpoint Buffers (Shaded) Used as Data Memory ...................... 3-3

Figure 3-4.

EZ-USB FX Memory Map with EA=0 ................................................................ 3-4

Figure 3-5.

EZ-USB FX Memory Map with EA=1 ................................................................ 3-6

Figure 4-1.

EZ-USB FX Input/Output Pin ............................................................................ 4-2

Figure 4-2.

Alternate Function is an OUTPUT ..................................................................... 4-3

Figure 4-3.

Alternate Function is an INPUT ......................................................................... 4-3

Figure 4-4.

Output Port Configuration Registers ................................................................. 4-5

Figure 4-5.

PINSn Registers ................................................................................................ 4-6

Figure 4-6.

Output Enable Registers ................................................................................... 4-7

Figure 4-7.

General I2C-Compatible Transfer ................................................................... 4-14

Figure 4-8.

Addressing an I2C-compatible Peripheral ....................................................... 4-15

Figure 4-9.

I2C-compatible Registers ................................................................................ 4-16

Figure 4-10.

EZ-USB FX Method, sample code .................................................................. 4-23

Figure 4-11.

SFR Method, sample code .............................................................................. 4-24

Figure 4-12.

EZ-USB FX I/O Structure ................................................................................ 4-25

Figure 4-13.

Use MOVX to Set PA0, sample code .............................................................. 4-25

Figure 4-14.

Test the State of PORTC, sample code .......................................................... 4-26

Figure 5-1.

Configuration 0 ................................................................................................ 5-11

Figure 5-2.

USB Control and Status Register .................................................................... 5-12

Figure 5-3.

Disconnect Pin Logic ....................................................................................... 5-12

xiii

(List of Figures)
Figure 5-4.

Typical Disconnect Circuit ............................................................................... 5-12

Figure 6-1.

Two BULK Transfers, IN and OUT .................................................................... 6-1

Figure 6-2.

Registers Associated with Bulk Endpoints ........................................................ 6-3

Figure 6-3.

Anatomy of a Bulk IN Transfer .......................................................................... 6-4

Figure 6-4.

Anatomy of a Bulk OUT Transfer ...................................................................... 6-6

Figure 6-5.

Bulk Endpoint Toggle Control ......................................................................... 6-10

Figure 6-6.

Example Code for a Simple (Polled) BULK Transfer ...................................... 6-12

Figure 6-7.

Interrupt Jump Table ....................................................................................... 6-15

Figure 6-8.

INT2 Interrupt Vector ....................................................................................... 6-16

Figure 6-9.

Interrupt Service Routine (ISR) for Endpoint 6-OUT ....................................... 6-16

Figure 6-10.

Background Program Transfers Endpoint 6-OUT Data to Endpoint 6-IN ....... 6-17

Figure 6-11.

Initialization Routine ........................................................................................ 6-18

Figure 6-12.

Autopointer Registers ...................................................................................... 6-20

Figure 6-13.

Use of the Autopointer .................................................................................... 6-20

Figure 7-1.

The Four 64-Byte Slave FIFOs Configured for 16-Bit Mode ............................. 7-1

Figure 7-2.

Slave FIFOs in 8-Bit Mode ................................................................................ 7-3

Figure 7-3.

Double-Byte Mode with A-FIFO Selected ......................................................... 7-4

Figure 7-4.

AINDATAs Role in the FIFO A Register ........................................................... 7-7

Figure 7-5.

FIFO A Read Data ............................................................................................ 7-7

Figure 7-6.

AINBCs Role in the FIFO A Register ............................................................... 7-8

Figure 7-7.

A-IN FIFO Byte Count ....................................................................................... 7-8

Figure 7-8.

AINPFs Role in the FIFO A Register ................................................................ 7-9

Figure 7-9.

A-IN FIFO Programmable Flag ......................................................................... 7-9

Figure 7-10.

AINPFPINs Role in the FIFO A Register ........................................................ 7-11

Figure 7-11.

A-IN FIFO Pin Programmable Flag ................................................................. 7-12

Figure 7-12.

BINDATAs Role in the FIFO B Register ......................................................... 7-13

Figure 7-13.

B-IN FIFO Read Data ...................................................................................... 7-13

Figure 7-14.

BINBCs Role in the FIFO B Register ............................................................. 7-14

Figure 7-15.

B-IN FIFO Byte Count ..................................................................................... 7-14

Figure 7-16.

BINPFs Role in the FIFO B Register .............................................................. 7-15

Figure 7-17.

B-IN FIFO Programmable Flag ....................................................................... 7-15

Figure 7-18.

BINPFPINs Role in the FIFO B Register ........................................................ 7-17

Figure 7-19.

B-IN FIFO Pin Programmable Flag ................................................................. 7-18

Figure 7-20.

8051 FIFO Toggle Mode vs. Normal Mode Diagram ...................................... 7-18

Figure 7-21.

Input FIFOs A/B Toggle CTL and Flags .......................................................... 7-19

xiv

List of Figures

(List of Figures)
Figure 7-22.

Input FIFOs A/B Interrupt Enables .................................................................. 7-20

Figure 7-23.

Input FIFOs A/B Interrupt Requests ................................................................ 7-22

Figure 7-24.

AOUTDATAs Role in the FIFO A Register ..................................................... 7-24

Figure 7-25.

FIFO A Write Data ........................................................................................... 7-24

Figure 7-26.

AOUTBCs Role in the FIFO A Register ......................................................... 7-25

Figure 7-27.

Input FIFOs A/B Interrupt Requests ................................................................ 7-25

Figure 7-28.

AOUTPFs Role in the FIFO A Register .......................................................... 7-26

Figure 7-29.

Input FIFOs A/B Interrupt Requests ................................................................ 7-26

Figure 7-30.

AOUTPFPINs Role in the FIFO A Register .................................................... 7-28

Figure 7-31.

A-OUT FIFO Pin Programmable Flag ............................................................. 7-29

Figure 7-32.

BOUTDATAs Role in the FIFO B Register ..................................................... 7-30

Figure 7-33.

B-OUT FIFO Write Data .................................................................................. 7-30

Figure 7-34.

BOUTBCs Role in the FIFO B Register ......................................................... 7-31

Figure 7-35.

B-OUT FIFO Byte Count ................................................................................. 7-31

Figure 7-36.

BOUTPFs Role in the FIFO B Register .......................................................... 7-32

Figure 7-37.

B-OUT FIFO Programmable Flag ................................................................... 7-32

Figure 7-38.

BOUTPFPINs Role in the FIFO B Register .................................................... 7-34

Figure 7-39.

B-OUT FIFO Pin Programmable Flag ............................................................. 7-35

Figure 7-40.

8051 FIFO Toggle Mode vs. Normal Mode Diagram ...................................... 7-35

Figure 7-41.

Output FIFOs A/B Toggle CTL and Flags ....................................................... 7-36

Figure 7-42.

Output FIFOs A/B Interrupt Enables ............................................................... 7-37

Figure 7-43.

Output FIFOs A/B Interrupt Requests ............................................................. 7-39

Figure 7-44.

FIFO A/B Setup ............................................................................................... 7-40

Figure 7-45.

A-IN FIFO Double-Byte Mode ......................................................................... 7-41

Figure 7-46.

A-OUT FIFO Delay Synchronous Reads ........................................................ 7-42

Figure 7-47.

B-OUT FIFO Double-Byte Mode ..................................................................... 7-43

Figure 7-48.

FIFO A/B Control Signal Polarities .................................................................. 7-43

Figure 7-49.

FIFO Flag Reset .............................................................................................. 7-44

Figure 7-50.

Synchronous Write/Read Timing .................................................................... 7-45

Figure 7-51.

Synchronous Double-byte Write/Read ............................................................ 7-46

Figure 8-1.

GPIFs Place in the FX System ......................................................................... 8-2

Figure 8-2.

EZ-USB FX Interfacing to a Peripheral ............................................................. 8-3

Figure 8-3.

Non-Decision Point (NDP) Intervals ............................................................... 8-11

Figure 8-4.

One Decision Point: Wait States Inserted Until RDY0 Goes Low ................... 8-13

List of Figures

xv

(List of Figures)
Figure 8-5.
One Decision Point: No Wait States Inserted:
RDY0 is Already Low at Decision Point l1 ....................................................................... 8-13
Figure 8-6.

Ready Register ............................................................................................... 8-30

Figure 8-7.

IDLE_CTLOUT 0x7826 Register ..................................................................... 8-32

Figure 8-8.

GPIF Abort Register ........................................................................................ 8-35

Figure 9-1.

A USB Control Transfer (With Data Stage) ....................................................... 9-2

Figure 9-2.

Two Interrupts Associated with EP0 CONTROL Transfers ............................... 9-3

Figure 9-3.

Registers Associated with EP0 Control Transfers ............................................ 9-4

Figure 9-4.

Data Flow for a Get_Status Request ................................................................ 9-7

Figure 9-5.

Using Setup Data Pointer (SUDPTR) for Get_Descriptor Requests ............... 9-13

Figure 10-1.

EZ-USB FX Isochronous Endpoints 8-15 ........................................................ 10-1

Figure 10-2.

Isochronous IN Endpoint Registers ................................................................. 10-2

Figure 10-3.

Isochronous OUT Registers ............................................................................ 10-4

Figure 10-4.

FIFO Start Address Format ............................................................................. 10-5

Figure 10-5.

Using Assembler to Translate the FIFO Sizes to Addresses .......................... 10-7

Figure 10-6.

8051 Data Transfer to Isochronous FIFO (IN8DATA) w/DMA ....................... 10-8

Figure 10-7.

ISOCTL Register ............................................................................................. 10-9

Figure 10-8.

ZBCOUT Register ......................................................................................... 10-10

Figure 10-9.

ISOIN Register .............................................................................................. 10-10

Figure 11-1.

Upper Byte of the DMA Source Address ......................................................... 11-2

Figure 11-2.

Lower Byte of the DMA Source Address ......................................................... 11-2

Figure 11-3.

Upper Byte of the DMA Destination Address .................................................. 11-2

Figure 11-4.

Lower Byte of the DMA Destination Address .................................................. 11-3

Figure 11-5.

DMA Transfer Length (0=256 Bytes, 1=1 Byte, ... 255=255 Bytes) ................ 11-3

Figure 11-6.

DMA Start and Status Register ....................................................................... 11-6

Figure 11-7.

Fast Transfer Control Register ........................................................................ 11-6

Figure 11-8.

Synchronous Burst Enables ............................................................................ 11-6

Figure 11-9.

Effect of the RB Bit on DMA Mode 0 Reads ................................................... 11-8

Figure 11-10. Effect of the RB Bit on DMA Mode 1 Reads ................................................... 11-8
Figure 11-11. Effect of the WB Bit on DMA Mode 0 Writes ................................................... 11-9
Figure 11-12. DMAEXTFIFO Register. Data is Dont Care. ................................................ 11-9
Figure 11-13. DMA Write Strobe Timing: 4 Modes Selected by FASTXFR[4..3] ................ 11-11
Figure 11-14. DMA Read Strobe Timing: 4 Modes Selected by FASTXFR[4..3] ................ 11-12
Figure 12-1.

USB Interrupts ................................................................................................. 12-3

Figure 12-2.

The Order of Clearing Interrupt Requests is Important ................................... 12-5

xvi

List of Figures

(List of Figures)
Figure 12-3.

EZ-USB FX Interrupt Registers ....................................................................... 12-6

Figure 12-4.

SUTOK and SUDAV Interrupts ....................................................................... 12-7

Figure 12-5.

A Start Of Frame (SOF) Packet ...................................................................... 12-7

Figure 12-6.

The Autovector Mechanism in Action ............................................................ 12-11

Figure 12-7.

I2C-Compatible Interrupt Enable Bits and Registers .................................... 12-12

Figure 12-8.

IN Bulk NAK Interrupt Request Register ....................................................... 12-13

Figure 12-9.

IN Bulk NAK Interrupt Enable Register ......................................................... 12-13

Figure 12-10. I2C-Compatible Mode Register ..................................................................... 12-13

Figure 12-11. I2C-Compatible Control and Status Register ................................................ 12-14
Figure 12-12. I2C-Compatible Data ..................................................................................... 12-14
Figure 12-13. Interrupt 4 Autovector .................................................................................... 12-15
Figure 12-14. Interrupt 4 Setup ........................................................................................... 12-15
Figure 13-1.

EZ-USB FX Resets ......................................................................................... 13-1

Figure 14-1.

Suspend-Resume Control ............................................................................... 14-1

Figure 14-2.

EZ-USB FX Suspend Sequence ..................................................................... 14-2

Figure 14-3.

EZ-USB FX Resume Sequence ...................................................................... 14-3

Figure 14-4.

EZ-USB FX RESUME Interrupt ....................................................................... 14-4

Figure 14-5.

USB Control and Status Register .................................................................... 14-5

Figure 15-1.

Register Description Format ........................................................................... 15-2

Figure 15-2.

FIFO A Read Data .......................................................................................... 15-3

Figure 15-3.

A-IN FIFO Byte Count ..................................................................................... 15-3

Figure 15-4.

A-IN FIFO Programmable Flag ....................................................................... 15-4

Figure 15-5.

A-IN FIFO Pin Programmable Flag ................................................................. 15-4

Figure 15-6.

B-IN FIFO Read Data ...................................................................................... 15-5

Figure 15-7.

B-IN FIFO Byte Count ..................................................................................... 15-5

Figure 15-8.

B-IN FIFO Programmable Flag ....................................................................... 15-6

Figure 15-9.

B-IN FIFO Pin Programmable Flag ................................................................. 15-6

Figure 15-10. Input FIFOs A/B Toggle CTL and Flags .......................................................... 15-7
Figure 15-11. Input FIFOs A/B Interrupt Enables .................................................................. 15-7
Figure 15-12. Input FIFOs A/B Interrupt Requests ................................................................ 15-7
Figure 15-13. FIFO A Write Data ........................................................................................... 15-8
Figure 15-14. Input FIFOs A/B Interrupt Requests ................................................................ 15-8
Figure 15-15. Input FIFOs A/B Interrupt Requests ................................................................ 15-9
Figure 15-16. A-OUT FIFO Pin Programmable Flag ............................................................. 15-9
Figure 15-17. B-OUT FIFO Write Data ................................................................................ 15-10

List of Figures

xvii

(List of Figures)
Figure 15-18. B-OUT FIFO Byte Count ............................................................................... 15-10
Figure 15-19. B-OUT FIFO Programmable Flag ................................................................. 15-11
Figure 15-20. B-OUTFIFO Pin Programmable Flag ............................................................ 15-11
Figure 15-21. Output FIFOs A/B Toggle CTL and Flags ..................................................... 15-12
Figure 15-22. Output FIFOs A/B Interrupt Enables ............................................................. 15-12
Figure 15-23. Output FIFOs A/B Interrupt Requests ........................................................... 15-12
Figure 15-24. FIFO A/B Setup ............................................................................................. 15-13
Figure 15-25. FIFO A/B Control Signal Polarities ................................................................ 15-13
Figure 15-26. FIFO Flag Reset ............................................................................................ 15-14
Figure 15-27. Waveform Selector ........................................................................................ 15-14
Figure 15-28. GPIF Done, GPIF IDLE Drive Mode ............................................................. 15-15
Figure 15-29. Inactive Bus, CTL States ............................................................................... 15-15
Figure 15-30. CTLOUT Pin Drive ........................................................................................ 15-15
Figure 15-31. GPIF Address Low ........................................................................................ 15-16
Figure 15-32. FIFO A IN Transaction Count ........................................................................ 15-16
Figure 15-33. FIFO A OUT Transaction Count .................................................................... 15-17
Figure 15-34. FIFO A Transaction Trigger .......................................................................... 15-17
Figure 15-35. FIFO B IN Transaction Count ........................................................................ 15-18
Figure 15-36. FIFO B OUT Transaction Count .................................................................... 15-18
Figure 15-37. FIFO B Transaction ....................................................................................... 15-19
Figure 15-38. GPIF Data H (16-bit mode only) .................................................................... 15-19
Figure 15-39. Read or Write GPIF Data L and Trigger Read Transaction .......................... 15-19
Figure 15-40. Read GPIF Data L, No Read Transaction Trigger ........................................ 15-20
Figure 15-41. Internal READY, Sync/Async, READY Pin States ........................................ 15-20
Figure 15-42. Abort GPIF Cycles ........................................................................................ 15-20
Figure 15-43. Generic Interrupt Enable ............................................................................... 15-21
Figure 15-44. Generic Interrupt Request ............................................................................. 15-21
Figure 15-45. Port D Outputs .............................................................................................. 15-22
Figure 15-46. Input Port D Pins ........................................................................................... 15-22
Figure 15-47. Port D Output Enable Register ...................................................................... 15-22
Figure 15-48. Port E Outputs ............................................................................................... 15-23
Figure 15-49. Input Port E Pins ........................................................................................... 15-23
Figure 15-50. Port E Output Enable Register ...................................................................... 15-23
Figure 15-51. PORTSETUP ................................................................................................ 15-24
Figure 15-52. Interface Configuration .................................................................................. 15-24

xviii

List of Figures

(List of Figures)
Figure 15-53. Port A Alternate Configuration #2 ................................................................. 15-27
Figure 15-54. Port C Alternate Configuration #2 ................................................................. 15-28
Figure 15-55. Upper Byte of the DMA Source Address ....................................................... 15-31
Figure 15-56. Lower Byte of the DMA Source Address ....................................................... 15-31
Figure 15-57. Upper Byte of the DMA Destination Address ................................................ 15-31
Figure 15-58. Lower Byte of the DMA Destination Address ................................................ 15-32
Figure 15-59. DMA Transfer Length (0=256 Bytes, 1=1 Byte, ... 255=255 Bytes) .............. 15-32
Figure 15-60. DMA Start and Status Register ..................................................................... 15-32
Figure 15-61. Synchronous Burst Enables .......................................................................... 15-33
Figure 15-62. Dummy Register ........................................................................................... 15-33
Figure 15-63. Interrupt 4 Autovector .................................................................................... 15-34
Figure 15-64. Interrupt 4 Setup ........................................................................................... 15-34
Figure 15-65. Waveform Descriptors ................................................................................... 15-35
Figure 15-66. Bulk Data Buffers .......................................................................................... 15-35
Figure 15-67. Isochronous Data FIFOs ............................................................................... 15-37
Figure 15-68. Isochronous Byte Counts .............................................................................. 15-39
Figure 15-69. CPU Control and Status Register ................................................................. 15-41
Figure 15-70. I/O Port Configuration Registers ................................................................... 15-42
Figure 15-71. Port A Outputs ............................................................................................... 15-44
Figure 15-72. Port B Outputs ............................................................................................... 15-44
Figure 15-73. Port C Outputs .............................................................................................. 15-44
Figure 15-74. Port A Pins .................................................................................................... 15-45
Figure 15-75. Port B Pins .................................................................................................... 15-45
Figure 15-76. Port C Pins .................................................................................................... 15-45
Figure 15-77. Port A Output Enable .................................................................................... 15-46
Figure 15-78. Port B Output Enable .................................................................................... 15-46
Figure 15-79. Port C Output Enable .................................................................................... 15-46
Figure 15-80. Isochronous OUT Endpoint Error Register ................................................... 15-47
Figure 15-81. Isochronous Control Register ........................................................................ 15-47
Figure 15-82. Zero Byte Count Register .............................................................................. 15-48
Figure 15-83. I2C-Compatible Transfer Registers ............................................................... 15-48
Figure 15-84. I2C-Compatible Mode Register ..................................................................... 15-50
Figure 15-85. Interrupt Vector Register ............................................................................... 15-51
Figure 15-86. IN/OUT Interrupt Request (IRQ) Registers ................................................... 15-51
Figure 15-87. USB Interrupt Request (IRQ) Registers ........................................................ 15-52

List of Figures

xix

(List of Figures)
Figure 15-88. IN/OUT Interrupt Enable Registers ............................................................... 15-54
Figure 15-89. USB Interrupt Enable Register ...................................................................... 15-54
Figure 15-90. Breakpoint and Autovector Register ............................................................. 15-55
Figure 15-91. IN Bulk NAK Interrupt Request Register ....................................................... 15-56
Figure 15-92. IN Bulk NAK Interrupt Enable Register ......................................................... 15-57
Figure 15-93. IN/OUT Interrupt Enable Registers ............................................................... 15-57
Figure 15-94. Port Configuration Registers ......................................................................... 15-58
Figure 15-95. IN Control and Status Registers .................................................................... 15-61
Figure 15-96. IN Byte Count Registers ................................................................................ 15-62
Figure 15-97. OUT Control and Status Registers ................................................................ 15-63
Figure 15-98. OUT Byte Count Registers ............................................................................ 15-64
Figure 15-99. Setup Data Pointer High/Low Registers ........................................................ 15-65
Figure 15-100. USB Control and Status Registers ................................................................ 15-66
Figure 15-101. Data Toggle Control Register ........................................................................ 15-67
Figure 15-102. USB Frame Count High/Low Registers ......................................................... 15-68
Figure 15-103. Function Address Register ............................................................................ 15-68
Figure 15-104. USB Endpoint Pairing Register ..................................................................... 15-69
Figure 15-105. IN/OUT Valid Bits Register ............................................................................ 15-70
Figure 15-106. Isochronous IN/OUT Endpoint Valid Bits Register ........................................ 15-71
Figure 15-107. Fast Transfer Control Register ...................................................................... 15-71
Figure 15-108. Auto Pointer Registers .................................................................................. 15-73
Figure 15-109. SETUP Data Buffer ....................................................................................... 15-74
Figure 15-110. SETUP Data Buffer ....................................................................................... 15-74
Figure 16-1.

8051 Features ................................................................................................. 16-1

Figure 16-2.

8051/Standard 8051 Timing Comparison ....................................................... 16-3

Figure 17-1.

Internal RAM Organization .............................................................................. 17-2

Figure 17-2.

CPU Timing for Single-Cycle Instruction ......................................................... 17-9

Figure 18-3.

Timer 0/1 - Modes 0 and 1 .............................................................................. 18-3

Figure 18-4.

Timer 0/1 - Mode 2 .......................................................................................... 18-6

Figure 18-5.

Timer 0 - Mode 3 ............................................................................................. 18-7

Figure 18-6.

Timer 2 - Timer/Counter with Capture ........................................................... 18-11

Figure 18-7.

Timer 2 - Timer/Counter with Auto Reload .................................................... 18-12

Figure 18-8.

Timer 2 - Baud Rate Generator Mode ........................................................... 18-13

Figure 18-9.

Serial Port Mode 0 Receive Timing - Low Speed Operation ......................... 18-17

Figure 18-10. Serial Port Mode 0 Receive Timing - High Speed Operation ........................ 18-17

xx

List of Figures

(List of Figures)
Figure 18-11. Serial Port Mode 0 Transmit Timing - Low Speed Operation ........................ 18-18
Figure 18-12. Serial Port Mode 0 Transmit Timing - High Speed Operation ....................... 18-18
Figure 18-13. Serial Port 0 Mode 1 Transmit Timing ........................................................... 18-22
Figure 18-14. Serial Port 0 Mode 1 Receive Timing ............................................................ 18-23
Figure 18-15. Serial Port 0 Mode 2 Transmit Timing ........................................................... 18-24
Figure 18-16. Serial Port 0 Mode 2 Receive Timing ............................................................ 18-25
Figure 18-17. Serial Port 0 Mode 3 Transmit Timing ........................................................... 18-26
Figure 18-18. Serial Port 0 Mode 3 Receive Timing ............................................................ 18-26

List of Figures

xxi

xxii

List of Figures

List of Tables
Table 1-1.

USB PIDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4

Table 1-2.

EZ-USB FX Family . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-15

Table 2-1.

EZ-USB FX Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4

Table 2-2.

Added Registers and Bits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6

Table 4-1.

Port A Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8

Table 4-2.

Port B Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9

Table 4-3.

Port C Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-11

Table 4-4.

Port D Bits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12

Table 4-5.

Port E Bits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-13

Table 4-6.

Strap Boot EEPROM Address Lines to These Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-20

Table 4-7.

Results of Power-On I2C-Compatible Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-21

Table 4-8.

EZ-USB FX Special Function Registers* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-22

Table 5-1.

EZ-USB FX Default Endpoints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2

Table 5-2.

How the USB Core Handles EP0 Requests When RENUM=0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3

Table 5-3.

Firmware Download . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5

Table 5-4.

Firmware Upload . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5

Table 5-5.

USB Core Action at Power-Up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6

Table 5-6.

EZ-USB FX Device Characteristics, No Serial EEPROM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8

Table 5-7.

EEPROM Data Format for B4 Load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8

Table 5-8.

EEPROM Data Format for B6 Load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9

Table 5-9.

USB Default Device Descriptor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-13

Table 5-10.

USB Default Configuration Descriptor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-14

Table 5-11.

USB Default Interface 0, Alternate Setting 0 Descriptor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-14

Table 5-12.

USB Default Interface 0, Alternate Setting 1 Descriptor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-15

Table 5-13.

Default Interface 0, Alternate Setting 1, INT Endpoint Descriptor . . . . . . . . . . 5-15

Table 5-14.

Default Interface 0, Alternate Setting 1, Bulk Endpoint Descriptors . . . . . . . . 5-16

Table 5-15.

Default Interface 0, Alternate Setting 1, ISO Endpoint Descriptors . . . . . . . . . 5-17

Table 5-16.

USB Default Interface 0, Alternate Setting 2 Descriptor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-18

Table 5-17.

Default Interface 0, Alternate Setting 1, INT Endpoint Descriptor . . . . . . . . . . 5-18

Table 5-18.

Default Interface 0, Alternate Setting 2, Bulk Endpoint Descriptors . . . . . . . . 5-19

Table 5-19.

Default Interface 0, Alternate Setting 2, ISO Endpoint Descriptors . . . . . . . . . 5-20

xxiii

(List of Tables)
Table 6-1.

EZ-USB FX Bulk, Control, and Interrupt Endpoints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1

Table 6-2.

Endpoint Pairing Bits (in the USB PAIR Register) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8

Table 6-3.

EZ-USB FX Endpoint 0-7 Buffer Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-9

Table 6-4.

8051 INT2 Interrupt Vector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-13

Table 6-5.

Byte Inserted by USB Core at Location 0x45 if AVEN=1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-13

Table 7-1.

Autovector for INT4* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5

Table 7-2.

INT4 Autovectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-6

Table 7-3.

Filling FIFO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-10

Table 7-4.

Emptying FIFO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-11

Table 7-5.

Filling FIFO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-16

Table 7-6.

Emptying FIFO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-17

Table 7-7.

Filling FIFO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-27

Table 7-8.

Emptying FIFO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-28

Table 7-9.

Filling FIFO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-33

Table 7-10.

Emptying FIFO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-34

Table 8-1.

GPIF Pin Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-4

Table 8-2.

Example GPIF Hardware Interconnect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-5

Table 8-3.

CTL Output Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-7

Table 8-4.

Control Outputs (CTLn) During the IDLE State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-9

Table 8-5.

Waveform Memory Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-18

Table 8-6.

Waveform Memory Descriptors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-19

Table 8-7.

Selecting the GPIF_PF Flag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-23

Table 8-8.

Addresses of Transaction Count Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-29

Table 9-1.

The Eight Bytes in a USB SETUP Packet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-5

Table 9-2.

How the 8051 Handles USB Device Requests (RENUM=1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-6

Table 9-3.

Get Status-Device (Remote Wakeup and Self-Powered Bits) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-8

Table 9-4.

Get Status-Endpoint (Stall Bits) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-8

Table 9-5.

Get Status-Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-10

Table 9-6.

Set Feature-Device (Set Remote Wakeup Bit) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-10

Table 9-7.

Set Feature-Endpoint (Stall) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-11

Table 9-8.

Clear Feature-Device (Clear Remote Wakeup Bit) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-12

Table 9-9.

Clear Feature-Endpoint (Clear Stall) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-12

Table 9-10.

Get Descriptor-Device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-14

Table 9-11.

Get Descriptor-Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-15

Table 9-12.

Get Descriptor-String . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-15

xxiv

List of Tables

(List of Tables)
Table 9-13.

Set Descriptor-Device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-16

Table 9-14.

Set Descriptor-Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-16

Table 9-15.

Set Descriptor-String . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-17

Table 9-16.

Set Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-19

Table 9-17.

Get Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-19

Table 9-18.

Set Interface (Actually, Set Alternate Setting AS for Interface IF) . . . . . . . . . . 9-20

Table 9-19.

Get Interface (Actually, Get Alternate Setting AS for interface IF) . . . . . . . . . 9-21

Table 9-20.

Sync Frame . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-22

Table 9-21.

Firmware Download . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-23

Table 9-22.

Firmware Upload . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-23

Table 10-1.

Isochronous Endpoint FIFO Starting Address Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-6

Table 10-2.

Addresses for RD# and WR# vs. ISODISAB Bit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-9

Table 11-1.

DMA Sources and Destinations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-4

Table 11-2.

Legends Used in Table 11-1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-5

Table 11-3.

DMA External RAM Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-10

Table 11-4.

Effect of Stretch Values on a Write Strobe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-12

Table 11-5.

Effect of Stretch Values on a Write Strobe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-13

Table 12-1.

EZ-USB FX Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-1

Table 12-2.

8051 JUMP Instruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-9

Table 12-3.

A Typical USB Jump Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-10

Table 12-4.

Autovector for INT4* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-15

Table 12-5.

INT4 Autovectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-16

Table 13-1.

EZ-USB FX States After Power-On Reset (POR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-2

Table 13-2.

EZ-USB FX States After a USB Bus Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-6

Table 13-3.

Effects of an EZ-USB FX Disconnect and Re-connect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-7

Table 13-4.

Effects of Various EZ-USB FX Resets (U Means Unaffected) . . . . . . . . . . 13-8

Table 15-1.

Port A Alternate Functions When GSTATE=1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-25

Table 15-2.

Pin Configurations Based on IFCONFIG[1..0] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-26

Table 15-3.

Port A Bit 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-27

Table 15-4.

Port A Bit 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-27

Table 15-5.

Port C Bit 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-28

Table 15-6.

Port C Bit 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-28

Table 15-7.

Port C Bit 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-29

Table 15-8.

Port C Bit 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-29

Table 15-9.

Port C Bit 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-29

List of Tables

xxv

(List of Tables)
Table 15-10.

Port C Bit 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-30

Table 15-11.

Port C Bit 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-30

Table 15-12.

Bulk Endpoint Buffer Memory Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-36

Table 15-13.

Isochronous Endpoint FIFO Register Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-38

Table 15-14.

Isochronous Endpoint Byte Count Register Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-40

Table 15-15.

I/O Pin Alternate Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-43

Table 15-16.

Control and Status Register Addresses for Endpoints 0-7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-60

Table 15-17.

Isochronous FIFO Start Address Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-75

Table 16-1.

8051/Standard 8051 Speed Comparison . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-3

Table 16-2.

Features of 8051 Core & Common 803x/805x Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-4

Table 17-1.

Legend for Instruction Set Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-4

Table 17-2.

8051 Instruction Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-5

Table 17-3.

Data Memory Stretch Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-10

Table 17-4.

Special Function Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-12

Table 17-5.

Special Function Register Reset Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-13

Table 17-6.

PSW Register - SFR D0h . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-14

Table 18-7.

Timer/Counter Implementation Comparison . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-2

Table 18-8.

TMOD Register SFR 89h . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-4

Table 18-9.

TCON Register SRF 88h . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-5

Table 18-10.

CKCON Register SRF 8Eh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-8

Table 18-11.

Timer 2 Mode Control Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-9

Table 18-12.

T2CON Register SFR C8h . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-10

Table 18-13.

Serial Port Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-14

Table 18-14.

SCON0 Register SFR 98h . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-15

Table 18-15.

SCON1 Register SFR C0h . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-16

Table 18-16.

Timer 1 Reload Values for Common Serial Port Mode 1 Baud Rates . . . . . 18-20

Table 18-17.

Timer 2 Reload Values for Common Serial Port Mode 1 Baud Rates . . . . . 18-21

Table 18-18.

IE Register SFR A8h . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-28

Table 18-19.

IP Register SFR B8h . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-28

Table 18-20.

EXIF Register SFR 91h . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-29

Table 18-21.

EICON Register SFR D8h . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-29

Table 18-22.

EIE Register SFR E8h . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-30

Table 18-23.

EIP Register SFR F8h . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-30

Table 18-24.

Interrupt Natural Vectors and Priorities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-31

Table 18-25.

Interrupt Flags, Enables, and Priority Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-32

Table 18-26.

PCON Register SFR 87h . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-34

xxvi

List of Tables

Chapter 1. Introducing EZ-USB FX

1.1

Introduction

Like a well designed automobile or appliance, a USB peripherals outward simplicity hides internal
complexity. Theres a lot going on under the hood of a USB device, which gives the user a new
level of convenience. For example:

A USB device can be plugged in anytime, even when the PC is turned on.

When the PC detects that a USB device has been plugged in, it automatically interrogates
the device to learn its capabilities and requirements. From this information, the PC automatically loads the devices driver into the operating system. When the device is
unplugged, the operating system automatically logs it off and unloads its driver.

USB devices do not use DIP switches, jumpers, or configuration programs. There is never
an IRQ, DMA, MEMORY, or I/O conflict with a USB device.

USB expansion hubs make the bus available to dozens of devices.

USB is fast enough for printers, CD-quality audio, and scanners.

USB is defined in the Universal Serial Bus Specification Version 1.1, a 268-page document
describing in elaborate detail all aspects of a USB device. The USB Specification is available at
http://usb.org. The EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual describes the EZ-USB FX chip along
with USB topics that provide help in understanding the USB Specification.
The Cypress Semiconductor EZ-USB FX is a compact, integrated circuit that provides a highly
integrated solution for a USB peripheral device. Three key EZ-USB FX features are:

The EZ-USB FX family provides a soft (RAM-based) solution that allows unlimited configuration and upgrades.

The EZ-USB FX family delivers full USB throughput. Designs that use EZ-USB FX are not
limited by number of endpoints, buffer sizes, or transfer speeds.

The EZ-USB FX family does much of the USB housekeeping in the USB core, simplifying
code and accelerating the USB learning curve.

Chapter 1. Introducing EZ-USB FX

Page 1-1

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

This chapter introduces key USB concepts and terms to make reading this Technical Reference
Manual easier.

1.2

EZ-USB FX Block Diagrams

+5V
D+
D-

Serial
Interface
Engine
(SIE)

GND
USB
Connector

USB
Transceiver

EZ-USB

bytes
bytes

USB
Interface

Program &
Data
RAM

IO Ports

General
Purpose
Microprocessor
GPIF

Slave FIFOs
16

Figure 1-1. CY7C646x3-80NC (80 pin) Simplified Block Diagram

The Cypress Semiconductor EZ-USB FX chip packs the intelligence required by a USB peripheral
interface into a compact, integrated circuit. As Figure 1-1 illustrates, an integrated USB transceiver
connects to the USB bus pins D+ and D-. A Serial Interface Engine (SIE) decodes and encodes
the serial data and performs error correction, bit stuffing, and other signaling-level details required
by USB. Ultimately, the SIE transfers data bytes to and from the USB interface.
The internal microprocessor is an enhanced 8051 with fast execution time and added features. It
uses internal RAM for program and data storage, making the EZ-USB FX family a soft solution.
The USB host downloads 8051 program code and device personality into RAM over the USB bus,
and then EZ-USB FX re-connects as the custom device, as defined by the loaded code.
The EZ-USB FX family uses an enhanced SIE/USB interface (USB Core), which has the intelligence to function as a full USB device, even before the 8051 runs. The enhanced core simplifies
8051 code by implementing much of the USB protocol, itself.
EZ-USB FX chips operate at 3.3V. This simplifies the design of bus-powered USB devices, since
the 5V power available in the USB connector (USB Specification allows power to be as low as
4.4V) can drive a 3.3V regulator to deliver clean, isolated power to the EZ-USB FX chip.

Page 1-2

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

+5V
Serial
Interface
Engine
(SIE)

D+
D-

bytes

USB
Interface

Program &
Data
RAM

General
Purpose
Microprocessor

GND
USB
Connector

bytes

USB
Transceiver

EZ-USB

GPIF

IO Ports

Address Bus
External
Memory
Data Bus

Slave FIFOs
16

Figure 1-2. CY7C646x3-128NC (128 pin) Simplified Block Diagram

Figure 1-2 illustrates the CY7C646x3-128NC, a 128-pin version of the EZ-USB FX family. In addition to the 40 I/O pins, it contains a 16-bit address bus and an 8-bit data bus for external memory
expansion. Slave interface FIFOs and a General Programmable Interface (GPIF) controller provide a flexible, high-bandwidth interface to external logic.
Also included, the DMAEXTFIFO register provides legacy support for invoking the fast transfer
mode available on the EZ-USB Series 2100. This allows data to move directly between external
logic and internal USB FIFOs. This, along with abundant endpoint resources, allows the EZ-USB
FX family to support transfer bandwidths to external logic that exceed the USB delivery/consumption rate.

1.3

The USB Specification

The Universal Serial Bus Specification Version 1.1 is available on the Internet at http://usb.org.
Published in January 1998, the USB Specification is the work of a founding committee of seven
industry heavyweights: Compaq, DEC, IBM, Intel, Microsoft, NEC, and Northern Telecom. This
impressive list of developers secures USB as the low-to-medium speed PC connection method of
the future.
A glance at the USB Specification makes it immediately apparent that USB is not nearly as simple
as the customary serial or parallel port. The USB Specification uses new terms like endpoint, isochronous, and enumeration, and finds new uses for old terms like configuration, interface,
and interrupt. Woven into the USB fabric is a software abstraction model that deals with things
such as pipes. The USB Specification also contains detail about the connector types and wire
colors.

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1.4

Tokens and PIDs

In this manual, statements like the following appear: When the host sends an IN token..., or The
device responds with an ACK. What do these terms mean? A USB transaction consists of data
packets identified by special codes called Packet IDs or PIDs. A PID signifies what kind of packet
is being transmitted. There are four PID types, shown in Table 1-1.
Table 1-1. USB PIDs
PID Type

A E
O
D N
U
D D
T
R P

C
R
C
5

D
A
T
A
1

PID Name

Token

IN, OUT, SOF, SETUP

Data

DATA0, DATA1

Handshake

ACK, NAK, STALL

Special

PRE

Payload
Data

C
R
C
1
6

A
C
K

A E
O
D N
U
D D
T
R P

C
R
C
5

D
A
T
A
0

Payload
Data

C
R
C
1
6

A
C
K

Token Packet

Data Packet

H/S Pkt

Token Packet

Data Packet

H/S Pkt

Figure 1-3. USB Packets

Figure 1-3 illustrates a USB transfer. Packet 1 is an OUT token, indicated by the OUT PID. The
OUT token signifies that data from the host is about to be transmitted over the bus. Packet 2 contains data, as indicated by the DATA1 PID. Packet 3 is a handshake packet, sent by the device
using the ACK (acknowledge) PID to signify to the host that the device received the data errorfree.
Continuing with Figure 1-3, a second transaction begins with another OUT token 4, followed by
more data 5, this time using the DATA0 PID. Finally, the device again indicates success by transmitting the ACK PID in a handshake packet 6.
Why two DATA PIDs, DATA0 and DATA1? Its because the USB architects took error correction
very seriously. As mentioned previously, the ACK handshake is an indication to the host that the
peripheral received data without error (the CRC portion of the packet is used to detect errors). But
what if the handshake packet itself is garbled in transmission? To detect this, each side (host and
device) maintains a data toggle bit, which is toggled between data packet transfers. The state of
this internal toggle bit is compared with the PID that arrives with the data, either DATA0 or DATA1.
When sending data, the host or device sends alternating DATA0-DATA1 PIDs. By comparing the
Data PID with the state of the internal toggle bit, the host or device can detect a corrupted handshake packet.

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SETUP tokens are unique to CONTROL transfers. They preface eight bytes of data from which the
peripheral decodes host Device Requests.
SOF tokens occur once per millisecond, denoting a USB frame.
There are three handshake PIDs: ACK, NAK, and STALL.

ACK means success; the data was received error-free.

NAK means busy, try again. Its tempting to assume that NAK means error, but it
doesnt. A USB device indicates an error by not responding.

STALL means that something unforeseen went wrong (probably as a result of miscommunication or lack of cooperation between the software and firmware writers). A device sends
the STALL handshake to indicate that it doesnt understand a device request, that something went wrong on the peripheral end, or that the host tried to access a resource that
wasnt there. Its like HALT, but better, because USB provides a way to recover from a
stall.

A PRE (Preamble) PID precedes a low-speed (1.5 Mbps) USB transmission. The EZ-USB FX family supports high-speed (12 Mbps) USB transfers only. It ignores PRE packets and the resultant
low-speed transfer.

1.5

Host is Master

This is a fundamental USB concept. There is exactly one master in a USB system: the host computer. USB devices respond to host requests. USB devices cannot send information between
themselves, as they could if USB were a peer-to-peer topology.
However, there is one case where a USB device can initiate signaling without prompting from the
host. After being put into a low-power suspend mode by the host, a device can signal a remote
wakeup. A Remote Wakeup is the only method in which the USB becomes the initiator. Everything
else happens because the host makes device requests, and the device responds to them.
Theres an excellent reason for this host-centric model. The USB architects were keenly mindful of
cost, and the best way to make low-cost peripherals is to put most of the smarts into the host side,
the PC. If USB had been defined as peer-to-peer, every USB device would have required more
intelligence, raising cost.
Here are two important consequences of the host is master concept:

1.5.1 Receiving Data from the Host

To send data to a USB peripheral, the host issues an OUT token, followed by the data. If the
peripheral has space for the data, and accepts it without error, it returns an ACK to the host. If it is

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

busy, it sends a NAK. If it finds an error, it sends back nothing. For the latter two cases, the host resends the data at a later time.

1.5.2 Sending Data to the Host

A USB device never spontaneously sends data to the host. Nevertheless, in the EZ-USB FX chip,
theres nothing to stop the 8051 from loading data for the host into an endpoint buffer (see "EZUSB FX Endpoints", this chapter) and arming it for transfer. However, the data remains in the
buffer until the host sends an IN token to that particular endpoint. If the host never sends the IN
token, the data remains there indefinitely.

1.6

USB Direction

Once you accept that the host is the bus master, its easy to remember USB direction: OUT means
from the host to the device, and IN means from the device to the host. EZ-USB FX nomenclature
uses this naming convention. For example, an endpoint that sends data to the host is an IN endpoint. This can be confusing at first, because the 8051 sends data by loading an IN endpoint
buffer. Keep in mind that an 8051out is an IN to the host.

1.7

Frame

The USB host provides a time base to all USB devices by transmitting a SOF (Start Of Frame)
packet every millisecond. The SOF packet includes an incrementing, 11-bit frame count. The 8051
can read this frame count from two EZ-USB FX registers. SOF-time has significance for isochronous endpoints; its the time that the ping-ponging buffers switch places. The USB core provides
the 8051 with an SOF interrupt request for servicing isochronous endpoint data.

1.8

EZ-USB FX Transfer Types

USB defines four transfer types. These match the requirements of different data types delivered
over the bus. ("EZ-USB FX Endpoints" explains how the EZ-USB FX family supports the four
transfer types.)

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

1.8.1 Bulk Transfers

A E
I D N
N D D
R P

C
R
C
5

Token Packet

D
A
T
A
1

C
R
C
1
6

Payload
Data
Data Packet

A E
O
D N
U
D D
T
R P

A
C
K

D
A
T
A
0

C
R
C
5

Token Packet

H/S Pkt

Payload
Data
Data Packet

C
R
C
1
6

A
C
K
H/S Pkt

Figure 1-4. Two Bulk Transfers, IN and OUT

Bulk data is bursty, traveling in packets of 8, 16, 32, or 64 bytes. Bulk data has guaranteed accuracy, due to an automatic re-try mechanism for erroneous data. The host schedules bulk packets
when there is available bus time. Bulk transfers are typically used for printer, scanner, or modem
data. Bulk data has built-in flow control provided by handshake packets.

1.8.2 Interrupt Transfers

A E
I D N
N D D
R P

C
R
C
5

Token Packet

D
A
T
A
1

Payload
Data

C
R
C
1
6

Data Packet

A
C
K
H/S Pkt

Figure 1-5. An Interrupt Transfer

Interrupt data is like bulk data; it can have packet sizes of 1 through 64 bytes. Interrupt endpoints
have an associated polling interval that ensures they will be pinged (receive an IN token) by the
host on a regular basis.

1.8.3 Isochronous Transfers

A E
I D N
N D D
R P

C
R
C
5

Token Packet

D
A
T
A
0

Payload
Data

C
R
C
1
6

Data Packet

Figure 1-6. An Isochronous Transfer

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Isochronous data is time-critical and used to stream data like audio and video. Time of delivery is
the most important requirement for isochronous data. In every USB frame, a certain amount of
USB bandwidth is allocated to isochronous transfers. To lighten the overhead, isochronous transfers have no handshake (ACK/NAK/STALL), and no retries. Error detection is limited to a 16-bit
CRC. Isochronous transfers do not use the data toggle mechanism. Isochronous data uses only
the DATA0 PID.

1.8.4

Control Transfers

S
A E C
E
D N R
T
D D C
U
R P 5
P
Token Packet

A E
I D N
N D D
R P

C
R
C
5

Token Packet
A E
O
D N
U
D D
T
R P

C
R
C
5

Token Packet

D
A
T
A
0

8 bytes
Setup
Data
Data Packet

D
A
T
A
1

Payload
Data
Data Packet

D C
A R
T C
A 1
1 6
Data Pkt

A
C
K

C
R
C
1
6

A
C
K

SETUP
Stage

H/S Pkt
C
R
C
1
6

A
C
K

DATA
Stage
(optional)

H/S Pkt

STATUS
Stage

H/S Pkt

Figure 1-7. A Control Transfer

Control transfers configure and send commands to a device. Being mission critical, they employ
the most extensive USB error checking USB. Control transfers are delivered on a best effort basis
by the host (best effort is a six-step process defined by the Universal Serial Bus Specification Version 1.1, Section 5.5.4). The host reserves a part of each USB frame time for Control transfers.
Control transfers consist of two or three stages. The SETUP stage contains eight bytes of USB
CONTROL data. An optional DATA stage contains more data, if required. The STATUS (or handshake) stage allows the device to indicate successful completion of a control operation.

1.9

Enumeration

Your computer is ON. You plug in a USB device, and the Windows cursor switches to an hourglass, and then back to a cursor. Magically, your device is connected, and its Windows driver is
loaded! Anyone who has installed a sound card into a PC and had to configure countless jumpers,
drivers, and IO/Interrupt/DMA settings knows that a USB connection is miraculous. Weve all
heard about Plug and Play, but USB delivers the real thing.

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

How does all this happen automatically? Inside every USB device is a table of descriptors. This
table is the sum total of the devices requirements and capabilities. When you plug into USB, the
host goes through a sign-on sequence:
1. The host sends a Get_Descriptor/Device request to address zero (devices must respond to
address zero when first attached).
2. The device responds to the request by sending ID data back to the host to define itself.
3. The host sends the device a Set_Address request, which gives it a unique address to distinguish it from the other devices connected to the bus.
4. The host sends more Get_Descriptor requests, asking more device information. From this, it
learns everything else about the device, like how many endpoints the device has, its power
requirements, what bus bandwidth it requires, and what driver to load.
This sign-on process is called Enumeration.

1.10 The USB Core

A E
O
D N
U
D D
T
R P

C
R
C
5

D
A
T
A
1

Payload
Data

Token Packet

Data Packet

C
R
C
1
6

A
C
K
H/S Pkt

A E
O
D N
U
D D
T
R P

C
R
C
5

D
A
T
A
0

Token Packet

Payload
Data
Data Packet

C
R
C
1
6

A
C
K
H/S Pkt

Payload
Data

Serial
Interface
Engine
(SIE)

D+

D-

USB
Tranceiver

Payload
Data

A
C
K

Figure 1-8. What the SIE Does

Every USB device has a Serial Interface Engine (SIE). The SIE connects to the USB data lines D+
and D-, and delivers bytes to and from the USB device. Figure 1-8 illustrates a USB bulk transfer,
with time moving from left to right. The SIE decodes the packet PIDs, performs error checking on
the data using the transmitted CRC bits, and delivers payload data to the USB device. If the SIE

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

encounters an error in the data, it automatically indicates no response instead of supplying a
handshake PID. This instructs the host to re-transmit the data at a later time.
Bulk transfers, such as the one illustrated in Figure 1-8, are asynchronous, meaning that they
include a flow control mechanism using ACK and NAK handshake PIDs. The SIE indicates busy to
the host by sending a NAK handshake packet. When the peripheral device has successfully transferred the data, it commands the SIE to send an ACK handshake packet, indicating success.
To send data to the host, the SIE accepts bytes and control signals from the USB device, formats
it for USB transfer, and sends it over the two-wire USB. Because the USB uses a self-clocking
data format (NRZI), the SIE also inserts bits at appropriate places in the bit stream to guarantee a
certain number of transitions in the serial data. This is called bit stuffing, and is handled transparently by the SIE.
One of the most important features of the EZ-USB FX family is that it is soft. Instead of requiring
ROM or other fixed memory, it contains internal program/data RAM downloaded over the USB to
give the device its unique personality. This makes modifications, specification revisions, and
updates a snap.
The EZ-USB FX family can connect as a USB device and download code into internal RAM. All
while, its internal 8051 is held in Reset. This is done by an enhanced SIE, which performs all the
work shown in Figure 1-8, and more. It contains additional logic to perform a full enumeration,
using an internal table of descriptors. It also responds to a vendor specific Firmware Download
device request to load its internal RAM. Additionally, the added SIE functionality is made available
to the 8051. This saves 8051 code and processing time.

Throughout this manual, the SIE and its enhancements are referred to as the USB Core.

1.11 EZ-USB FX Microprocessor

The EZ-USB FX microprocessor is an enhanced 8051 core. Use of an 8051-compatible processor
makes available immediately extensive software support tools to the EZ-USB FX designer. This
enhanced 8051 core (described in Chapter 2. "EZ-USB FX CPU", Chapter 16. "8051 Introduction",
Chapter 17. "8051 Architectural Overview", and Chapter 18. "8051 Hardware Description") has the
following features:

4 clocks/cycle, compared to the 12 clocks/cycle of a standard 8051:a 10X speed improvement.

48-MHz clock.

DMA for 48 MB/second memory-to-memory transfers. Dual data pointers for improved
XDATA access.

Two UARTs.

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Three counter-timers.

Expanded interrupt system.

256 bytes of internal register RAM.

Standard 8051 instruction setif you know the 8051, you know EZ-USB FX.

The enhanced 8051 core uses on-chip RAM as program and data memory, giving EZ-USB FX its
soft feature. Chapter 3. "EZ-USB FX Memory" describes the various memory options.
The 8051 communicates with the SIE using a set of registers, occupying the top of the on-chip
RAM address space. These registers are grouped and described by function in individual chapters
of this reference manual and summarized in register order in Chapter 15. "EZ-USB FX Registers".
The EZ-USB 8051 has two duties. First, it participates in the protocol defined in the Universal
Serial Bus Specification Version 1.1, Chapter 9, USB Device Framework. Thanks to EZ-USB FX
enhancements to the SIE and USB interface, the 8051 firmware associated with USB overhead is
simplified, leaving code space and bandwidth available for the 8051s primary duty, to help implement your device. On the device side, abundant input/output resources are available, including I/O
ports, UARTs, and an I 2C-compatible bus master controller. These resources are described in
Chapter 4. "EZ-USB FX Input/Output"

1.12 ReNumeration
Because the EZ-USB FX chip is soft, it can take on the identities of multiple distinct USB devices.
The first device downloads your 8051 firmware and USB descriptor tables over the USB cable
when the peripheral device is plugged in. Once downloaded, another device comes on as a totally
different USB peripheral as defined by the downloaded information. This patented two-step process, called ReNumeration, happens instantly when the device is plugged in, with no hint that
the initial load step has occurred.
Chapter 5. "EZ-USB FX Enumeration & ReNumeration" describes this feature in detail, along
with other EZ-USB FX boot (startup) modes.

1.13 EZ-USB FX Endpoints

The USB Specification defines an endpoint as a source or sink of data. Since USB is a serial bus,
a device endpoint is actually a FIFO, which sequentially empties/fills with USB bytes. The host
selects a device endpoint by sending a 4-bit address and one direction bit. Therefore, USB can
uniquely address 32 endpoints, IN0 through IN15 and OUT0 through OUT15.

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

From the EZ-USB FX point of view, an endpoint is a buffer full of bytes received or held for transmitted over the bus. The 8051 reads endpoint data from an OUT buffer, and writes endpoint data
for transmission over USB to an IN buffer.
There are four USB endpoint types: Bulk, Control, Interrupt, and Isochronous. These endpoint
types are described in the following paragraphs:

1.13.1 EZ-USB FX Bulk Endpoints

Bulk endpoints are unidirectionalone endpoint address per direction. Therefore, endpoint 2-IN is
addressed differently than endpoint 2-OUT. Bulk endpoints use maximum packet sizes (buffer
sizes) of 8, 16, 32, or 64 bytes. EZ-USB FX provides fourteen bulk endpoints, divided into seven
IN endpoints (endpoint 1-IN through 7-IN), and seven OUT endpoints (endpoint 1-OUT through 7OUT). Each of the fourteen endpoints has a 64-byte buffer.
Bulk data is available to the 8051 in RAM or as FIFO data, using a special EZ-USB FX Autopointer
(Chapter 6. "EZ-USB FX Bulk Transfers").

1.13.2 EZ-USB FX Control Endpoint Zero

Control endpoints transfer mission-critical control information to and from the USB device. The
USB Specification requires every USB device to have a default CONTROL endpoint, endpoint
zero. Device enumeration, the process that the host initiates when the device is first plugged in, is
conducted over endpoint zero. The host sends all USB requests over endpoint zero.
Control endpoints are bi-directional. If you have an endpoint 0 IN CONTROL endpoint, you automatically have an endpoint 0 OUT endpoint. Only Control endpoints accept SETUP PIDs.
A CONTROL transfer consists of a two or three stage sequence:

SETUP

DATA (If needed)

HANDSHAKE

Eight bytes of data in the SETUP portion of the CONTROL transfer have special USB significance,
as defined in the Universal Serial Bus Specification Version 1.1, Chapter 9. A USB device must
respond properly to the requests described in this chapter to pass USB compliance testing
(referred to as the USB Chapter Nine Test).
Endpoint zero is the only CONTROL endpoint in the EZ-USB FX chip. The 8051 responds to
device requests issued by the host over endpoint zero. The USB core is significantly enhanced to
simplify the 8051 code required to service these requests. Chapter 9. "EZ-USB FX Endpoint Zero"
provides a detailed roadmap for writing compliant USB Chapter 9 8051 code.

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1.13.3 EZ-USB FX Interrupt Endpoints

Interrupt endpoints are almost identical to bulk endpoints. Fourteen EZ-USB FX endpoints (EP1EP7, IN, and OUT) may be used as interrupt endpoints. Interrupt endpoints have a maximum
packet size 64. They contain a polling interval byte in their descriptor to tell the host how often to
service them. The 8051 transfers data over interrupt endpoints in exactly the same way as for bulk
endpoints. Interrupt endpoints are described in Chapter 6. "EZ-USB FX Bulk Transfers."

1.13.4 EZ-USB FX Isochronous Endpoints

Isochronous endpoints deliver high bandwidth, time critical data over USB. Isochronous endpoints
are used to stream data to devices such as audio DACs, and from devices such as video cameras.
Time of delivery is the most critical requirement, and isochronous endpoints are tailored to this
requirement. Once a device has been granted an isochronous bandwidth slot by the host, it is
guaranteed the ability to send or receive its data every frame.
EZ-USB FX contains 16 isochronous endpoints, numbered 8-15 (8IN-15IN, and 8OUT-15OUT).
1,024 bytes of FIFO memory are available to the 16 endpoints, and may be divided among them.
EZ-USB FX actually contains 2,048 bytes of isochronous FIFO memory to provide double-buffering. Using double buffering, the 8051 reads OUT data from isochronous endpoint FIFOs containing data from the previous frame, while the host writes current frame data into the other buffer.
Similarly, the 8051 loads IN data into isochronous endpoint FIFOs that will be transmitted over
USB during the next frame, while the host reads current frame data from the other buffer. At every
SOF the USB FIFOs and 8051 FIFOs switch, or ping-pong.
Isochronous transfers are described in Chapter 10. "EZ-USB FX Isochronous Transfers."

1.14 Interrupts
EZ-USB FX adds seven interrupt sources to the standard 8051 interrupt system. Three of the
added interrupts are available on device pins: INT4, INT5#, and INT6. The other four are used
internally: INT2 is used for all USB interrupts, INT3 is used by the I 2C-compatible interface, INT4 is
used by the FIFOs and GPIF, and the remaining interrupt is used for remote wakeup indication.
The USB core automatically supplies jump vectors (Autovectors) for its USB and FIFO interrupts to
save the 8051 from having to test bits to determine the source of the interrupt. Each INT2 and
INT4 interrupt source has its own vector. When an interrupt requires service, the proper ISR (interrupt service routine) is automatically invoked. Chapter 12. "EZ-USB FX Interrupts" describes the
EZ-USB FX interrupt system.

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1.15 Reset and Power Management

The EZ-USB FX chip contains four resets:

Power-On-Reset (POR)

USB bus reset

8051 reset

USB Disconnect/Re-connect

The functions of the various EZ-USB FX resets are described in Chapter 13. "EZ-USB FX Resets"
A USB peripheral may be put into a low power state when the host signals a suspend operation.
The USB Specification states that a bus-powered device cannot draw more than 500 A of current
from the VBUS wire while in suspend. The EZ-USB FX chip contains logic to turn off its internal
oscillator and enter a sleep state. A special interrupt, triggered by a wakeup pin or wakeup signaling on the USB bus, starts the oscillator and interrupts the 8051 to resume operation.
Low power operation is described in Chapter 14. "EZ-USB FX Power Management".

1.16 Slave FIFOs

The EZ-USB FX contains four 64-byte FIFOs to provide a flexible, high-speed interface to a variety of peripherals. These FIFOs can be slave FIFOs that accept RD/WR strobes from an external
source, or the GPIF can be their bus master. See "GPIF (General Programmable Interface)" below
for more information. Two FIFOs are provided in the IN direction, and two FIFOs transfer data in
the OUT direction.
The FIFO module allows the EZ-USB FX to perform the following functions:

Act as a FIFO or a small RAM on a microprocessor bus

Create a 16-bit data path

Transfer data at speeds up to 96 MB per second (burst).

1.17 GPIF (General Programmable Interface)

The GPIF is a programmable state machine that runs at 48 MHz. It can be used to generate custom bus waveforems and control the FIFOs. It has four programs of seven steps each that execute

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

at 48 MHz. The GPIF program can modify the CTL0-5 lines, branch on the RDY0-5 inputs, and
control FIFO data movement.
The GPIF is used to implement many standard interfaces available for the FX, including:

IDE (ATAPI)

PC parallel port (EPP)

Utopia

The GPIF is fully described in Chapter 8. "General Programmable Interface (GPIF)."

1.18 EZ-USB FX Product Family

The EZ-USB FX family is available in various pinouts to serve different system requirements and
costs. Table 1-2 shows the feature set for each member of the EZ-USB FX family.
Table 1-2. EZ-USB FX Family
Part Number

Package

Ram

ISO
Support

CY7C64601-52NC

52-pin PQFP

4K

No

16

8 Bits

No

CY7C64603-52NC

52-pin PQFP

8K

No

18

8 Bits

No

CY7C64613-52NC

52-pin PQFP

8K

Yes

18

8 Bits

No

CY7C64603-80NC

80-pin PQFP

8K

No

32

16 Bits

No

CY7C64613-80NC

80-pin PQFP

8K

Yes

32

16 Bits

No

CY7C64603-128NC

128-pin PQFP

8K

No

40

16 Bits

Yes

CY7C64613-128NC

128-pin PQFP

8K

Yes

40

16 Bits

Yes

Chapter 1. Introducing EZ-USB FX

I/O FIFO Width Addr/Data Bus

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

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Chapter 2. EZ-USB FX CPU

2.1

Introduction

The EZ-USB FX built-in microprocessor, an enhanced 8051 core, is fully described in Chapter 16.
"8051 Introduction" , Chapter 17. "8051 Architectural Overview" and Chapter 18. "8051 Hardware
Description." This chapter introduces the processor, its interface to the USB core, and describes
architectural differences from a standard 8051.

2.2

8051 Enhancements

The enhanced 8051 core uses the standard 8051 instruction set. Instructions execute faster than
with the standard 8051 due to two features:

Wasted bus cycles are eliminated. A bus cycle uses four clocks, as compared to 12 clocks
with the standard 8051.

The 8051 runs at 24 MHz or 48 MHz.

In addition to speed improvement, the enhanced 8051 core also includes architectural enhancements:

A second data pointer

A second UART

A third, 16-bit timer (TIMER2)

A high-speed memory interface with a non-multiplexed 16-bit address bus

Eight additional interrupts (INT2-INT6, WAKEUP, T2, and UART1)

Variable MOVX timing to accommodate fast/slow RAM peripherals

3.3V operation.

Chapter 2. EZ-USB FX CPU

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

2.3

EZ-USB FX Enhancements

EZ-USB FX provides additional enhancements outside the 8051. These include:

DMA Module

Fast external transfers (Autopointer, DMAEXTFIFO)

Vectored USB interrupts (Autovector)

Separate buffers for SETUP and DATA portions of a CONTROL transfer

Breakpoint Facility.

2.4

EZ-USB FX Register Interface

The 8051 communicates with the USB core through a set of memory mapped registers. These
registers are grouped as follows:

Endpoint buffers and FIFOs

Slave FIFOs

8051 control

I/O ports

DMAEXTFIFO

I 2C-Compatible Controller

Interrupts

USB Functions

GPIF

These registers and their functions are described throughout this manual. A full description of
every register and bit appears in Chapter 15. "EZ-USB FX Registers."

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2.5

EZ-USB FX Internal RAM

FF
80
7F
00

Upper 128
bytes
Indirect Addr

SFR Space
Direct Addr

Lower 128
bytes
Direct Addr

Figure 2-1. 8051 Registers

Like the standard 8051, the EZ-USB 8051 core contains 128 bytes of register RAM at address 007F, and a partially populated SFR register space at address 80-FF. An additional 128 indirectly
addressed registers (sometimes called IDATA) are also available at address 80-FF.
All internal EZ-USB FX RAM, which includes program/data memory, bulk endpoint buffer memory,
and the EZ-USB FX register set, is addressed as add-on 8051 memory. The 8051 reads or writes
these bytes as data using the MOVX (move external) instruction. Even though the MOVX instruction implies external memory, the EZ-USB FX RAM and register set is actually inside the EZ-USB
FX chip. External memory attached to the CY7C646x3-128NC address and data busses can also
be accessed by the MOVX instruction. The USB core encodes its memory strobe and select signals (RD#, WR#, CS#, and OE#) to eliminate the need for external logic to separate the internal
and external memory spaces.

2.6

I/O Ports

A standard 8051 communicates with its I/O ports 0-3 through four Special Function Registers
(SFRs). The USB core implements I/O ports differently than a standard 8051, as described in
Chapter 4. "EZ-USB FX Input/Output." The USB core implements a flexible I/O system that is controlled via SFRs or via the EZ-USB FX register set. Although 8051 SFR bits may be used to control
the I/O pins, their addresses and functions are different than in a standard 8051. Each EZ-USB FX
I/O pin functions identically, having the following resources:

An output latch (OUTn). Used when the pin is an output port.

A register (PINSn) that indicates the state of the I/O pins, regardless of its configuration
(input or output).

An output enable register (OEn) that causes the I/O pin to be driven from the output latch.

Chapter 2. EZ-USB FX CPU

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Several registers control whether the pin is a port pin or a special function pin. These registers
include PORTnCFG, IFCONFIG, PORTACF2, and PORTCGPIF. See "Port Configuration Tables"
in Chapter 4. "EZ-USB FX Input/Output".

2.7

Interrupts

All standard 8051 interrupts are supported in the enhanced 8051 core. Table 2-1 shows the existing and added 8051 interrupts, and indicates how the added ones are used.

Table 2-1. EZ-USB FX Interrupts

Standard
8051
Interrupts

Enhanced
8051
Interrupts

Used As

INT0

Device Pin INT0#

INT1

Device Pin INT1#

Timer 0

Internal, Timer 0

Timer 1

Internal, Timer 1

Tx0 & Rx0

Internal, UART0
INT2

Internal, USB

INT3

Internal, I 2C-compatible Controller

INT4

Internal, FIFO Interrupt

INT5

Device Pin, PB5/INT5#

INT6

Device Pin, PB6/INT6

WAKEUP

Device Pin, USB

WAKEUP#

Tx1 & Rx1

Internal, UART1

Timer 2

Internal, Timer 2

The EZ-USB FX chip uses 8051 INT2 for 22 different USB interrupts: 17 bulk endpoints plus SOF,
Suspend, SETUP Data, SETUP Token, and USB Bus Reset. To help the 8051 determine which
interrupt is active, the USB core provides a feature called Autovectoring. The core inserts an
address byte into the low byte of the 3-byte jump instruction found at the 8051 INT2 vector
address. This second level of vectoring automatically transfers control to the appropriate USB
ISR. The Autovector mechanism, as well as the EZ-USB FX interrupt system is the subject of
Chapter 12. "EZ-USB FX Interrupts."

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

2.8

Power Control

The USB core implements a power-down mode that allows it to be used in USB bus-powered
devices that must draw no more than 500 A when suspended. Power control is accomplished
using a combination of 8051 and USB core resources. The mechanism by which EZ-USB FX powers down for suspend, and then re-powers to resume operation, is described in detail in Chapter
14. "EZ-USB FX Power Management."
EZ-USB FX responds to USB suspend using three 8051 resources: the idle mode and two interrupts. A USB suspend operation is indicated by a lack of bus activity for 3 ms. The USB core
detects this, and asserts an interrupt request via the USB interrupt (8051 INT2). The ISR (Interrupt
Service Routine) turns off external sub-systems that draw power. When ready to suspend operation, the 8051 sets an SFR bit, PCON.0. This bit causes the 8051 to suspend, waiting for an interrupt.
When the 8051 sets PCON.0, a control signal from the 8051 to the USB core causes the core to
shut down the 12-MHz oscillator and internal PLL. This stops all internal clocks to allow the USB
core and 8051 to enter a very low power mode.
The suspended EZ-USB FX chip can be awakened two ways: USB bus activity may resume, or an
EZ-USB FX pin (WAKEUP#) can be asserted to activate a USB Remote Wakeup. Either event
triggers the following chain of events:

The USB core re-starts the 12-MHz oscillator and PLL, and waits for the clocks to stabilize.

The USB core asserts a high-priority 8051 interrupt to signal a resume interrupt.

The 8051 vectors to the resume ISR and, upon completion, resumes executing code at the
instruction following the instruction that set the PCON.0 bit to 1.

2.9

SFRs

The EZ-USB FX family was designed to keep 8051 coding as standard as possible, to allow easy
integration of existing 8051 software development tools. The added 8051 SFR registers and bits
are summarized in Table 2-2.

Chapter 2. EZ-USB FX CPU

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Table 2-2. Added Registers and Bits

8051
Enhancements

SFR

Addr

Function

DPL0
DPH0

0x82
0x83

Data Pointer 0 Low Addr

Data Pointer 0 High Addr

DPL1
DPH1

0x84
0x85

Data Pointer 1 Low Addr

Data Pointer 1 High Addr

DPS
MPAGE

0x86
0x92

T2CON.6-7

0xC8

Data Pointer Select (LSB)

Replaces standard 8051 Port 2 for indirect external data memory
addressing using R0 or R1
Timer 2 Control

RCAP2L
RCAP2H

0xCA
0xCB

T2 Capture/Reload Value L
T2 Capture/Reload Value H

T2L
T2H

0xCC
0xCD

T2 Count L
T2 Count H

IE.5
IP.5

0xA8
0xB8

ET2-Enable T2 Interrupt Bit

PT2-T2 Interrupt Priority Control

SCON1.0-1
SBUF1

0xC0
0xC1

Serial Port 1 Control

Serial Port 1 Data

IE.6
IP.6

0xA8
0xB8

ES1-SIO1 Interrupt Enable Bit

PS1-SIO1 Interrupt Priority Control

EICON.7

0xD8

SMOD1-SIO1 Baud Rate Doubler

EXIF
EIE

0x91
0xE8

INT2-INT5 Interrupt Flags

INT2-INT5 Interrupt Enables

EIP.0-3
EICON.3

0xF8
0xD8

INT2-INT5 Interrupt Priority Control

INT6 Interrupt Flag

EIE.4
EIP.4

0xE8
0xF8

INT6 Interrupt Enable

INT6 Interrupt Priority Control

EICON.4
EICON.5

0xD8
0xD8

WAKEUP# Interrupt Flag

WAKEUP# Interrupt Enable

IOA

0x80

Input/Output A

IOB
IOC

0x90
0xA0

Input/Output B
Input/Output C

IOD
IOE

0xB0
0xB1

Input/Output D
Input/Output E

Interrupt Clears

INT2CLR
INT4CLR

0xA1
0xA2

Interrupt 2 Clear
Interrupt 4 Clear

Enables

SOEA
SOEB

0xB2
0xB3

Output Enable A
Output Enable B

SOEC

0xB4

Output Enable C

Dual Data Pointers

Timer 2

UART1

Interrupts
INT2-INT5

INT6

WAKEUP#
Expanded SFRs
I/O Registers

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

8051
Enhancements

Idle Mode

SFR

Addr

Function

SOED
SOEE

0xB5
0xB6

Output Enable D
Output Enable E

PCON.0

0x87

EZ-USB FX Power Down (Suspend)

Members of the EZ-USB FX family that supply pins to expand 8051 memory provide separate nonmultiplexed 16-bit address and 8-bit data busses. This differs from the standard 8051, which multiplexes eight device pins between three sources: I/O port 0, the external data bus, and the low byte
of the address bus. A standard 8051 system with external memory requires a de-multiplexing
address latch, strobed by the 8051 ALE (Address Latch Enable) pin. The external latch is not
required by the non-multiplexed EZ-USB FX chip, and no ALE signal is provided. In addition to
eliminating the customary external latch, the non-multiplexed bus saves one cycle per memory
fetch cycle, further improving 8051 performance.

2.10 Internal Bus

The typical 8051 user must choose between using Port 0 as a memory expansion port or as an I/O
port. The CY7C646x3-128NC provides a separate I/O system with its own control registers (in
external memory space), and provides the I/O port signals on dedicated (not shared) pins. This
allows the external data bus to expand memory without sacrificing I/O pins.
The 8051 is the sole master of the memory expansion bus. It provides read and write signals to
external memory. The address bus is output-only.
The DMAEXTFIFO register provides legacy support for invoking the fast transfer mode available
on the EZ-USB Series 2100. Refer to "Dummy Register" in Chapter 11. "EZ-USB FX DMA System"
for more information about this register.

2.11 Reset
The internal 8051 RESET signal is not directly controlled by the EZ-USB FX RESET pin. Instead, it
is controlled by an EZ-USB FX register bit accessible to the USB host. When the EZ-USB FX chip
is powered, the 8051 is held in reset. Using the default USB device (enumerated by the USB core),
the host downloads code into RAM. Finally, the host clears an EZ-USB FX register bit that takes
the 8051 out of reset.
The EZ-USB FX family also operates with external non-volatile memory, in which case the 8051
exits the reset state automatically at power-on. The various EZ-USB FX resets and their effects
are described in Chapter 13. "EZ-USB FX Resets."

Chapter 2. EZ-USB FX CPU

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

Chapter 3. EZ-USB FX Memory

3.1

Introduction

EZ-USB FX devices divide RAM into two regions: one for code and data, and the other for USB
buffers and control registers.
7FFF

Registers/Bulk Buffers
7800

USB Control Registers

(192 bytes)

27FF
2000

Data (RD/W R) RAM

If ISODISAB=1

1FFF/7FFF
1F40/7F40
1F3F/7F3F

16 x 64-byte
Bulk Endpoint Buffers
(1,024 bytes)

1FFF

Registers/Bulk Buffers

1B 40/7B 40
7B 3F

1B 40
1B 3F

Data (RD/W R) RAM

Code(PSEN) RAM if
EA=0
(6,976 bytes)

Control Registers
(832 Bytes)
7800

0000

Figure 3-1. EZ-USB FX 8-KB Memory Map - Addresses are in Hexadecimal

Chapter 3. EZ-USB FX Memory

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

7FFF

Registers/Bulk Buffers

USB Control Registers

(192 bytes)

7800

7FFF
7F40
7F3F

16 x 64-byte
Bulk Endpoint Buffers
(1,024 bytes)
7B40
7B3F

Control Registers
(832 bytes)

0FFF

Code(PSEN) and
Data (RD/W R) RAM
(4,096 bytes)

7800

0000

Figure 3-2. EZ-USB FX 4-KB Memory Map - Addresses are in Hexadecimal

3.2

8051 Memory

Figure 3-1 illustrates the two internal EZ-USB FX RAM regions. 6,976 bytes of general-purpose
RAM occupy addresses 0x0000-0x1B3F. This RAM is loadable by the USB core or I 2C-compatible bus EEPROM, and contains 8051 code and data.
The EZ-USB FX EA (External Access) pin controls the placement of the bottom segment of code
(PSEN) memory inside (EA=0) or outside (EA=1) the EZ-USB FX chip. If the EA pin is tied low,
the USB core internally ORs the two 8051 read signals PSEN and RD for this region, so that code
and data share the 0x0000-0x1B3F memory space. If EA=1, all code (PSEN) memory is external.

3.2.1

About 8051 Memory Spaces

The 8051 partitions its memory spaces into code memory and data memory. The 8051 reads
code memory using the signal PSEN# (Program Store Enable), reads data memory using the signal RD# (Data Read), and writes data memory using the signal WR# (Data Write). The 8051
MOVX (move external) instruction generates RD# or WR# strobes.
On EZ-USB FX, PSEN# is a dedicated pin, while the RD# and WR# signals share pins with two IO
port signals: PC7/RD and PC6/WR. Therefore, if expanded memory is used, the port pins PC7
and PC6 are not available to the system.
1,024 bytes of RAM at 0x7B40-0x7F3F implement the sixteen bulk endpoint buffers. 192 additional bytes at 0x7F40-0x7FFF contain the USB control registers. The 8051 reads and writes this
memory using the MOVX instruction. In the 8-KB RAM version of EZ-USB FX, the 1,024 bulk endpoint buffer bytes at 0x7B40-0x7F3F also appear at 0x1B40-0x1F3F. This aliasing allows unused

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

bulk endpoint buffer memory to be added contiguously to the data memory, as illustrated Figure 33. The memory space at 0x1B40-0x1FFF should not be used.
Even though the 8051 can access EZ-USB FX endpoint buffers at either 0x1B40 or 0x7B40, write
the firmware to access this memory only at 0x7B40-0x7FFF to maintain compatibility with future
versions of EZ-USB FX that contain more than 8 KB of RAM. Future versions will have the bulk
buffer space at 0x7B40-0x7F3F, only.

1F40
1F00
1EC0
1E80
1E40
1E00
1DC0
1D80
1D40
1D00
1CC0
1C80
1C40
1C00
1BC0
1B80
1B40
1B3F

EP0IN
EP0OUT
EP1IN
EP1OUT
EP2IN
EP2OUT
EP3IN
EP3OUT
EP4IN
EP4OUT
EP5IN
EP5OUT
EP6IN
EP06UT
EP7IN
EP07OUT
Code/Data
RAM

0000

Figure 3-3. Unused Bulk Endpoint Buffers (Shaded) Used as Data Memory
In the example shown in Figure 3-3, only endpoints 0-IN through 3-IN are used for the USB function, so the data RAM (shaded) can be extended to 0x1D7F.
If an application uses none of the 16 EZ-USB FX isochronous endpoints, the 8051 can set the
ISODISAB bit in the ISOCTL register to disable all 16 isochronous endpoints and make the 2-KB of
isochronous FIFO RAM available as 8051 data RAM at 0x2000-0x27FF. 8051 code cannot run
in this memory region.
Setting ISODISAB=1 is an all or nothing choice, as all 16 isochronous endpoints are disabled. An
application that sets this bit must never attempt to transfer data over an isochronous endpoint.
The memory map figures in the remainder of this chapter assume that ISODISAB=0, the default
(and normal) case.

Chapter 3. EZ-USB FX Memory

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

3.3

Expanding EZ-USB FX Memory

The 128-pin EZ-USB FX package provides a 16-bit address bus, an 8-bit bus, and memory control
signals PSEN#, RD#, and WR#. These signals are used to expand EZ-USB FX memory.

FFFF

Inside EZ-USB

Outside EZ-USB

External
D ata
M em ory
(R D ,W R )

8000
7800

R egisters(R D ,W R )

(N ote 1)

External
C ode
M em ory
(PSEN )

External
D ata
M em ory
(R D , W R )
2000
1FFF
1F3F
1B40
0000

U nused Bulk Buffers

(R D ,W R )
C ode & D ata
(PSEN,R D ,W R )

(N ote 1)
(N ote 2)

N ote 1: O K to populate data m em ory here--R D #, W R #, C S # and O E # pins are inactive.

N ote 2: O K to populate code m em ory here--no P S E N # strobe is generated.

Figure 3-4. EZ-USB FX Memory Map with EA=0

Figure 3-4 shows that when EA=0, the code/data memory is internal at 0x0000-0x1B40. External
code memory can be added from 0x0000-0xFFFF, but it appears in the memory map only at
0x1B40-0xFFFF. Addressing external code memory at 0x0000-0x1B3F when EA=0 causes the
USB core to inhibit the #PSEN strobe. This allows program memory to be added from 0x00000xFFFF without requiring decoding to disable it between 0x0000 and 0x1B3F.

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

The internal block at 0x7B40-0x7FFF (labeled Registers) contains the bulk buffer memory and
EZ-USB FX control registers. As previously mentioned, they are aliased at 0x1B40-0x1FFF to
allow adding unused bulk buffer RAM to general-purpose memory. 8051 code should access this
memory only at the 0x7B40-0x7BFF addresses. External RAM may be added from 0x0000 to
0xFFFF, but the regions shown by Note 1 in Figure 3-4 are ignored; no external strobes or select
signals are generated when the 8051 executes a MOVX instruction that addresses these regions.

3.4

CS# and OE# Signals

The USB core gates the standard 8051 RD# and WR# signals to exclude selection of external
memory that exists internal to the EZ-USB FX part. The PSEN# signal is also available on a pin
for connection to external code memory.
Some 8051 systems implement external memory that is used as both data and program memory.
These systems must logically OR the PSEN# and RD# signals to qualify the chip enable and output enable signals of the external memory. To save this logic, the USB core provides two additional control signals, CS# and OE#. The equations for these signals are as follows:

CS# goes low when RD#, WR#, or PSEN# goes low.

OE# goes low when RD# or PSEN# goes low.

Because the RD#, WR#, and PSEN# signals are already qualified by the addresses allocated to
external memory, these strobes are active only when external memory is accessed.

Chapter 3. EZ-USB FX Memory

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

FFFF

Inside EZ-USB

Outside EZ-USB

External
Data
Memory
(RD,WR)

8000
7B40

Registers(RD,WR)

(Note 1)

External
Code
Memory
(PSEN)

External
Data
Memory
(RD, WR)
2000
1FFF
1F3F
1B40

Unused Bulk Buffers

(RD,WR)

(Note 1)

Data (RD,WR)
0000
Note 1: OK to populate data memory here--RD#, WR#, CS# and OE# are inactive.

Figure 3-5. EZ-USB FX Memory Map with EA=1

When EA=1 (Figure 3-5), all code (PSEN) memory is external. All internal EZ-USB FX RAM is
data memory. This gives the user over 6-KB of general-purpose RAM, accessible by the MOVX
instruction.

Figure 3-4 and Figure 3-5 assume that the EZ-USB FX chip uses isochronous endpoints, and
therefore that the ISODISAB bit (ISOCTL.0) is LO. If ISODISAB=1, additional data RAM appears
internally at 0x2000-0x27FF, and the RD#, WR#, CS#, and OE# signals are modified to exclude
this memory space from external data memory.

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

Chapter 4. EZ-USB FX Input/Output

4.1

Introduction

The EZ-USB FX chip provides two input-output systems:

A set of programmable I/O pins

A programmable I 2C-compatible Controller

This chapter describes the programmable I/O pins, and shows how they are shared by a variety of
8051 and EZ-USB FX alternate functions, such as UART and timer and interrupt signals. This
chapter provides both the programming information for the 8051 I 2C-compatible interface, and the
operating details of the I 2C-compatible boot loader. The role of the boot loader is described in
Chapter 5. "EZ-USB FX Enumeration & ReNumeration".
The I 2C-compatible controller uses the SCL and SDA pins, and performs two functions:

General-purpose 8051 use

Boot loading from an EEPROM.

Pullup resistors are required on the SDA and SCL lines, even if nothing is connected to the I 2Ccompatible bus. Each line should be pulled-up to Vcc through a 2.2K ohm resistor.

Chapter 4. EZ-USB FX Input/Output

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

4.2

I/O Ports

OE

OUT

reg

Pin

PINS

Figure 4-1. EZ-USB FX Input/Output Pin

The EZ-USB FX implements its general purpose I/O ports differently than a standard 8051. Most
of the port I/O bits (PINSn and OUTn) are available in bit addressable SFR space or in XDATA
space. The OEn bits are also available via SFR registers or XDATA space. See Figure 4-6 for
more information.
Figure 4-1 shows the basic structure of an EZ-USB FX I/O pin. Forty I/O pins are grouped into five
8-bit ports: PORTA, PORTB, PORTC, PORTD, and PORTE. The CY7C646x3-128NC brings out
all five port pins. The CY7C646x3-80NC brings out all port pins for PORTA, PORTB, PORTC, and
PORTD. The CY7C646x3-52NC brings out two PORTA pins and all pins of PORTB and PORTC.
The 8051 accesses I/O pins using the three control bits shown in Figure 4-1: OE, OUT, and PINS.
The OUT bit writes output data to a register. The OE bit turns on the output buffer. The PINS bit
indicates the state of the pin. Section 4.12, "SFR Addressing" explains how this basic structure is
enhanced to add SFR access to the I/O pins.

If you are using a small package version of EZ-USB FX, it is important to recognize that I/O ports
exist inside the part that are not pinned out. Because I/O ports power-up as inputs, the 8051 code
should initialize all of the unused ports as outputs to prevent floating internal nodes. Also, users of
the 52-pin package should set IFCONFIG.7 (register 784A.7) to 1 to drive other internal nodes to
their lowest power states.
To configure a pin as an input, the 8051 sets OE=0 to turn off the output buffer. To configure a pin
as an output, the 8051 sets OE=1 to turn on the output buffer, and writes data to the OUT register.
The PINS bit reflects the actual pin value, regardless of the value of OE.
A fourth control bit (in PORTACFG, PORTBCFG, PORTCCFG registers) determines whether a
port pin is general-purpose Input/Output (GPIO), as shown in Figure 4-1, or connected to an alternate 8051 or EZ-USB FX function. Each bit of PORTA, PORTB, and PORTC has a corresponding
control bit in PORTACFG, PORTBCFG, and PORTCCFG, respectively. Figure 4-1 shows the registers and bits associated with the I/O ports shown in Table 4-1 through Table 4-4.

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Depending on whether the alternate function is an input or output, the I/O logic is slightly different,
as shown in Figure 4-2 (output) and Figure 4-3 (input).

Alternate Function Output

Alternate Function Output

OE

OE
Pin

OUT

reg

Pin

PINS

OUT

reg

PINS
PORTCFG=0 (port)

PORTCFG=1 (alternate function)

Figure 4-2. Alternate Function is an OUTPUT

In Figure 4-2, when PORTCFG=0, the I/O port is selected. In this case the alternate function
(shaded) is disconnected and the pin functions exactly as shown in
Figure 4-1. When PORTCFG=1, the alternate function is connected to the I/O pin and the output
register and buffer are disconnected. Note that the 8051 can still read the state of the pin, and thus
the alternate function value.

Alternate Function Input

Alternate Function Input

OE

OE
Pin

OUT

reg

Pin

PINS

OUT

reg

PINS
PORTCFG=0 (port)

PORTCFG=1 (alternate function)

Figure 4-3. Alternate Function is an INPUT

In Figure 4-3, when PORTCFG=0, the I/O port is selected. This is the general I/O port shown in
Figure 4-1, with one important differencethe alternate function is always listening. Whether the
port pin is set for output or input, the pin signal also drives the alternate function. 8051 firmware
should ensure that if the alternate function is not used (if the pin is GPIO only), the alternate input
function is disabled in the 8051 Special Function Register (SFR) space.
For example, suppose the PB6/INT6 pin is configured for PB6. The pin signal is also routed to
INT6. If INT6 is not used by the application, it should not be enabled. Alternatively, enabling INT6
could be useful, allowing I/O bit PB6 to trigger an interrupt.

Chapter 4. EZ-USB FX Input/Output

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

When PORTxCFG=1, the alternate function is selected. The output register and buffer are disconnected. The PINS bit can still read the pin, and thus the input to the alternate function.

4.3

Input/Output Port Registers

The port control bits (OUT, OE, and PINS) are contained in the six registers shown in Figures Figure 4-4 through Figure 4-6. Section 4.12, "SFR Addressing" explains how this basic structure is
enhanced to add SFR access to the I/O pins.
The OUTn registers provide the data that drives the port pin when OE=1 and the pin is configured
for port output. If the port pin is selected as an input (OE=0), the value stored in the corresponding
OUTn bit is stored in an output latch but not used.
The OE registers control the output enables on the tri-state drivers connected to the port pins,
unless the corresponding PORTnCFG bit is set to a 1. When a PORTnCFG bit is set to a 1, the
value of the corresponding OE bit has no effect upon the port pin or the alternate function input.
When the corresponding PORTnCFG bit is 0 and OE=1, the corresponding value of OUTn is
output to the pin.
When the corresponding PORTnCFG bit is 0 and OE=0, the corresponding value of OUTn is
not output to the pin; it is tri-stated.

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

OUTA

Port A Outputs

7F96

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

OUTA7

OUTA6

OUTA5

OUTA4

OUTA3

OUTA2

OUTA1

OUTA0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

OUTB

Port B Outputs

7F97

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

OUTB7

OUTB6

OUTB5

OUTB4

OUTB3

OUTB2

OUTB1

OUTB0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

OUTC

Port C Outputs

7F98

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

OUTC7

OUTC6

OUTC5

OUTC4

OUTC3

OUTC2

OUTC1

OUTC0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

OUTD

Port D Outputs

7841

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

OUTD7

OUTD6

OUTD5

OUTD4

OUTD3

OUTD2

OUTD1

OUTD0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

OUTE

Port E Outputs

7845

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

OUTE7

OUTE6

OUTE5

OUTE4

OUTE3

OUTE2

OUTE1

OUTE0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 4-4. Output Port Configuration Registers

Chapter 4. EZ-USB FX Input/Output

Page 4-5

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

PINSA

Port A Pins

7F99

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

PINA7

PINA6

PINA5

PINA4

PINA3

PINA2

PINA1

PINA0

PINSB

Port B Pins

7F9A

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

PINB7

PINB6

PINB5

PINB4

PINB3

PINB2

PINB1

PINB0

PINSC

Port C Pins

7F9B

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

PINC7

PINC6

PINC5

PINC4

PINC3

PINC2

PINC1

PINC0

PINSD

Port D Pins

7842

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

PIND7

PIND6

PIND5

PIND4

PIND3

PIND2

PIND1

PIND0

PINSE

Port E Pins

7846

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

PINE7

PINE6

PINE5

PINE4

PINE3

PINE2

PINE1

PINE0

Figure 4-5. PINSn Registers

Page 4-6

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

The PINSn registers contain the current value of the port pins, whether they are selected as I/O
ports or as alternate functions.
OEA

Port A Output Enable

7F9C

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

OEA7

OEA6

OEA5

OEA4

OEA3

OEA2

OEA1

OEA0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

OEB

Port B Output Enable

7F9D

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

OEB7

OEB6

OEB5

OEB4

OEB3

OEB2

OEB1

OEB0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

OEC

Port C Output Enable

7F9E

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

OEC7

OEC6

OEC5

OEC4

OEC3

OEC2

OEC1

OEC0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

OED

Port D Output Enable

7843

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

OED7

OED6

OED5

OED4

OED3

OED2

OED1

OED0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

OEE

Port E Output Enable

7847

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

OEE7

OEE6

OEE5

OEE4

OEE3

OEE2

OEE1

OEE0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 4-6. Output Enable Registers

Chapter 4. EZ-USB FX Input/Output

Page 4-7

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

EZ-USB FX ports A, B, and C have individually selectable, alternate functions for each port pin.
Alternate functions, such as UART TxD and RxD, are selected on a pin-by-pin basis for these
ports using control bits in registers PORTACFG, PORTBCFG, and PORTCCFG.
Although ports D and E can be used for purposes other than I/O pins, they do not have corresponding, alternate function configuration registers like ports A-C (see Section 15.23, "PORTA
and PORTC Alternate Configurations"). Instead, their alternate functions are selected in 8-bit
groups using a single-interface configuration register called IFCONFIG (see Section 15.22, "Interface Configuration"). Two bits, IF[1..0], select four configurations for ports D and E.

4.4

Port Configuration Tables

Table 4-1. Port A Configuration

PORTA Bit 0
IFCONFIG.3=0
PORTPORTACFG.0=0
ACFG.0=1
Port pin PA0
T0out
I/O
O
PORTA Bit 1
IFCONFIG.3=0
PORTPORTACFG.1=0
ACFG.1=1
Port pin PA1
T1out
I/O
O
PORTA Bit 2
IFCONFIG.3=0
PORTPORTACFG.2=0
ACFG.2=1
Port pin PA2
OE#
I/O
O

PORTACFG.3=0
Port pin PA3
I/O

Page 4-8

IFCONFIG.3=1

GSTATE[0]
O

IFCONFIG.3=1

GSTATE[1]
O

IFCONFIG.3=1

GSTATE[2]
O

PORTA Bit 3
PORTACFG.3=1
CS#
O

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

Table 4-1. Port A Configuration

PORTA Bit 4
PORTACFG.4=1

PORTACFG.4=0

PORTACF2.4=0

Port pin PA4

I/O

FWR#
O

PORTACF2.4=1
IFCONIFCONFIG[1..0]=10
FIG[1..0]=11
RDY4
SLWR
I
I

PORTA Bit 5
PORTACFG.5=1

PORTACFG.5=0

PORTACF2.5=0

Port pin PA5

I/O

FRD#
O

PORTACF2.5=1
IFCONIFCONFIG[1..0]=10
FIG[1..0]=11
RDY5
SLRD
I
I

PORTA Bit 6
PORTACFG.6=1

PORTACFG.6=0
Port pin PA6
I/O

RxD0out
O
PORTA Bit 7
PORTACFG.7=1

PORTACFG.7=0
Port pin PA7
I/O

RxD1out
O

Table 4-2. Port B Configuration

IFCONFIG[1..0]=00
PORTBCFG.0=0
Port pin PB0
I/O

PORTBCFG.0=1
T2
I

IFCONFIG[1..0]=00
PORTBCFG.1=0
Port pin PB1
I/O

PORTBCFG.1=1
T2EX
I

Chapter 4. EZ-USB FX Input/Output

PORTB Bit 0
IFCONFIG[1..0]=01

IFCONFIG[1..0]=10

IFCONFIG[1..0]=11

D[0]
I/O

GDA[0]
I/O

AFI[0]
I/O

PORTB Bit 1
IFCONFIG[1..0]=01

IFCONFIG[1..0]=10

IFCONFIG[1..0]=11

D[1]
I/O

GDA[1]
I/O

AFI[1]
I/O

Page 4-9

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Table 4-2. Port B Configuration
IFCONFIG[1..0]=00
PORTBCFG.2=0
Port pin PB2
I/O

PORTBCFG.2=1
RxD1
I

IFCONFIG[1..0]=00
PORTBCFG.3=0
Port pin PB3
I/O

PORTBCFG.3=1
TxD1
O

IFCONFIG[1..0]=00
PORTBCFG.4=0
Port pin PB4
I/O

PORTBCFG.4=1
INT4
I

IFCONFIG[1..0]=00
PORTBCFG.5=0
Port pin PB5
I/O

PORTBCFG.5=1
INT5#
I

IFCONFIG[1..0]=00
PORTBCFG.6=0
Port pin PB6
I/O

PORTBCFG.6=1
INT6
I

IFCONFIG[1..0]=00
PORTBCFG.7=0
Port pin PB7
I/O

Page 4-10

PORTBCFG.7=1
T2OUT
O

PORTB Bit 2
IFCONFIG[1..0]=01

IFCONFIG[1..0]=10

IFCONFIG[1..0]=11

D[2]
I/O

GDA[2]
I/O

AFI[2]
I/O

PORTB Bit 3
IFCONFIG[1..0]=01

IFCONFIG[1..0]=10

IFCONFIG[1..0]=11

D[3]
I/O

GDA[3]
I/O

AFI[3]
I/O

PORTB Bit 4
IFCONFIG[1..0]=01

IFCONFIG[1..0]=10

IFCONFIG[1..0]=11

D[4]
I/O

GDA[4]
I/O

AFI[4]
I/O

PORTB Bit 5
IFCONFIG[1..0]=01

IFCONFIG[1..0]=10

IFCONFIG[1..0]=11

D[5]
I/O

GDA[5]
I/O

AFI[5]
I/O

PORTB Bit 6
IFCONFIG[1..0]=01

IFCONFIG[1..0]=10

IFCONFIG[1..0]=11

D[6]
I/O

GDA[6]
I/O

AFI[6]
I/O

PORTB Bit 7
IFCONFIG[1..0]=01

IFCONFIG[1..0]=10

IFCONFIG[1..0]=11

D[7]
I/O

GDA[7]
I/O

AFI[7]
I/O

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

Table 4-3. Port C Configuration

PORTC Bit 0
PORTCCFG.0=1

PORTCCFG.0=0

PORTCCF2.0=0

Port pin PC0

I/O

RxD0
I

PORTC Bit 1
PORTCCFG.1=1

PORTCCFG.1=0

PORTCCF2.1=0

Port pin PC1

I/O

TxD0
O

INT0#
I
PORTC Bit 3
PORTCCFG.3=1

PORTCCFG.3=0

PORTCCF2.3=0

INT1#
I

PORTCCF2.4=0

Chapter 4. EZ-USB FX Input/Output

PORTCCF2.3=1
IFCON00, 01, 11 not
FIG[1..0]=10
valid
RDY3
X
I

PORTC Bit 4
PORTCCFG.4=1

PORTCCFG.4=0

Port pin PC4

I/O

PORTCCF2.1=1
IFCON00, 01, 11 not
FIG[1..0]=10
valid
RDY1
X
I

PORTC Bit 2
PORTCCFG.2=1

PORTCCFG.2=0
Port pin PC3
I/O

Port pin PC3

I/O

PORTCCF2.0=1
IFCON00, 01, 11 not
FIG[1..0]=10
valid
RDY0
X
I

T0
I

PORTCCF2.4=1
IFCON00, 01, 11 not
FIG[1..0]=10
valid
CTL1
X
O

Page 4-11

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Table 4-3. Port C Configuration
PORTC Bit 5
PORTCCFG.5=1

PORTCCFG.5=0

PORTCCF2.5=0

Port pin PC5

I/O

T1
I

PORTC Bit 6
PORTCCFG.6=1

PORTCCFG.6=0

PORTCCF2.6=0

Port pin PC6

I/O

WR#
O

PORTCCF2.6=1
IFCON00, 01, 11 not
FIG[1..0]=10
valid
CTL4
X
O

PORTC Bit 7
PORTCCFG.7=1

PORTCCFG.7=0

PORTCCF2.7=0

Port pin PC7

I/O

PORTCCF2.5=1
IFCON00, 01, 11 not
FIG[1..0]=10
valid
CTL3
X
O

RD#
O

PORTCCF2.7=1
IFCON00, 01, 11 not
FIG[1..0]=10
valid
CTL5
X
O

Table 4-4. Port D Bits

PORTD Bits [7..0]
IFCONFIG[1..0]=00

IFCONFIG[1..0]=01

IFCONFIG.2=0

IFCONFIG.2=1

IFCONFIG.2=0

IFCONFIG.2=1

Port pins
PD[7..0]

Port pins
PD[7..0]

Port pins
PD[7..0]

GDB[7..0]

Port pins
PD[7..0]

BFI[7..0]

I/O

I/O

I/O

I/O

I/O

I/O

Page 4-12

IFCONFIG[1..0]=10

IFCONFIG[1..0]=11

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

Table 4-5. Port E Bits

Port E Bit 0
IFCONFIG[1..0]=00, 01

IFCONFIG[1..0]=10

IFCONFIG[1..0]=11

Port pin PE[0]

adr0

BOUTFLAG

I/O

IFCONFIG[1..0]=00, 01

IFCONFIG[1..0]=10

IFCONFIG[1..0]=11

Port pin PE[1]

adr1

AINFULL

I/O

Port E Bit 1

Port E Bit 2
IFCONFIG[1..0]=00, 01

IFCONFIG[1..0]=10

IFCONFIG[1..0]=11

Port pin PE[2]

adr2

BINFULL

I/O

IFCONFIG[1..0]=00, 01

IFCONFIG[1..0]=10

IFCONFIG[1..0]=11

Port pin PE[3]

adr3

AOUTEMTY

I/O

Port E Bit 3

Port E Bit 4
IFCONFIG[1..0]=00, 01

IFCONFIG[1..0]=10

IFCONFIG[1..0]=11

Port pin PE[4]

adr4

BOUTEMTY

I/O

IFCONFIG[1..0]=00, 01

IFCONFIG[1..0]=10

IFCONFIG[1..0]=11

Port pin PE[5]

CTL3

Port pin PE[5]

I/O

I/O

Port E Bit 5

Port E Bit 6
IFCONFIG[1..0]=00, 01

IFCONFIG[1..0]=10

IFCONFIG[1..0]=11

Port pin PE[6]

CTL4

Port pin PE[6]

I/O

I/O

IFCONFIG[1..0]=00, 01

IFCONFIG[1..0]=10

IFCONFIG[1..0]=11

Port pin PE[7]

CTL5

Port pin PE[7]

I/O

I/O

Port E Bit 7

Chapter 4. EZ-USB FX Input/Output

Page 4-13

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

4.5

I2C-Compatible Controller

The USB core contains an I 2C-compatible controller for boot loading and general-purpose I 2Ccompatible bus interface. This controller uses the SCL (Serial Clock) and SDA (Serial Data) pins.
I2C-compatible controller describes how the boot load operates at power-on to read the contents
of an external serial EEPROM to determine the initial EZ-USB FX configuration. The boot loader
operates automatically, while the 8051 is held in reset. The last section of this chapter describes
the operating details of the boot loader.
After the boot sequence completes and the 8051 is brought out of reset, the general-purpose I 2Ccompatible controller is available to the 8051 for interface to external I 2C-compatible devices,
such as other EEPROMS, I/O chips, audio/video control chips, etc.
For I 2C-compatible peripherals that support it, the EZ-USB FX I 2C-compatible bus can run at 400
KHz. For compatibility, the EZ-USB FX powers-up at the 100-KHz frequency.

4.6

8051 I2C-Compatible Controller

start

stop

SDA

D7

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

ACK

SCL

Figure 4-7. General I2C-Compatible Transfer

Figure 4-7 illustrates the waveforms for an I 2C-compatible transfer. SCL and SDA are open-drain
EZ-USB FX pins, which must be pulled up to Vcc with external resistors. The EZ-USB FX chip is
an I 2C-compatible bus master only, meaning that it synchronizes data transfers by generating
clock pulses on SCL by driving low. Once the master drives SCL low, external slave devices can
also drive SCL low to extend clock cycle times.
To synchronize I 2C-compatible data, serial data (SDA) is permitted to change state only while SCL
is low, and must be valid while SCL is high. Two exceptions to this rule are used to generate
START and STOP conditions. A START condition is defined as SDA going low, while SCL is high,
and a STOP condition is defined as SDA going high, while SCL is high. Data is sent MSB first.
During the last bit time (clock #9 in Figure 4-7), the master (EZ-USB FX) floats the SDA line to
allow the slave to acknowledge the transfer by pulling SDA low.

Page 4-14

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

Multiple I 2C-Compatible Bus Masters The EZ-USB FX chip acts only as an I 2C-compatible bus master, never a slave. However, the 8051 can detect a second master by
checking for BERR=1 (Section 4.8, "Status Bits").

start
SDA

SA3

SA2

SA1

SA0

DA2

DA1

DA0

R/W

ACK

D7

D6

SCL

10

11

Figure 4-8. Addressing an I2C-compatible Peripheral

The first byte of an I 2C-compatible bus transaction contains the address of the desired peripheral.
Figure 4-8 shows the format for this first byte, which is sometimes called a control byte.
A master sends the bit sequence shown in Figure 4-8 after sending a START condition. The master uses this 9-bit sequence to select an I 2C-compatible peripheral at a particular address, to
establish the transfer direction (using R/W#), and to determine if the peripheral is present by testing for ACK#.
The four most significant bits SA3-SA0 are the peripheral chips slave address. I 2C-compatible
devices are pre-assigned slave addresses by device type. For example, slave address 1010 is
assigned to EEPROMS. The three bits DA2-DA0 usually reflect the states of I 2C-compatible
device address pins. Devices with three address pins can be strapped to allow eight distinct
addresses for the same device type. The eighth bit (R/W#) sets the direction for the ensuing data
transfer, 1 for master read, and 0 for master write. Most address transfers are followed by one or
more data transfers, with the STOP condition generated after the last data byte is transferred.
In Figure 4-8, a READ transfer follows the address byte (at clock 8, the master sets the R/W# bit
high, indicating READ). At clock 9, the peripheral device responds to its address by asserting ACK.
At clock 10, the master floats SDA and issues SCL pulses to clock in SDA data supplied by this
slave.
Assuming the 12-MHz crystal used by the EZ-USB FX family, the SCL frequency is 90.9 KHz, giving an I 2C-compatible transfer rate of 11 microseconds per bit. Operation at four times this rate is
available by setting a bit in the boot EEPROM. See Section 5.9, "Configuration Byte 0" for details.

Chapter 4. EZ-USB FX Input/Output

Page 4-15

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

I2CS

7FA5

I 2C-Compatible Control and Status

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

START

STOP

LASTRD

ID1

ID0

BERR

ACK

DONE

R/W

R/W

R/W

I2DAT

7FA6

I 2C-Compatible Data

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

D7

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 4-9. I2C-compatible Registers

The 8051 uses the two registers shown in Figure 4-9 to conduct I 2C-compatible transfers. The
8051 transfers data to and from the I 2C-compatible bus by writing and reading the I2DAT register.
The I2CS register controls I 2C-compatible transfers and reports various status conditions. The
three control bits are START, STOP, and LASTRD. The remaining bits are status bits. Writing to a
status bit has no effect.

4.7

Control Bits

4.7.1 START
The 8051 sets the START bit to 1 to prepare an I 2C-compatible bus transfer. If START=1, the next
8051 load to I2DAT generates the start condition followed by the serialized byte of data in I2DAT.
The 8051 loads data in the format shown in Figure 4-7 after setting the START bit. The I 2C-compatible controller clears the START bit during the ACK interval (clock 9 in Figure 4-7).

4.7.2 STOP
The 8051 sets STOP=1 to terminate an I 2C-compatible bus transfer. The I 2C-compatible controller
clears the STOP bit after completing the STOP condition. If the 8051 sets the STOP bit during a
byte transfer, the STOP condition generates immediately following the ACK phase of the byte
transfer. If no byte transfer is occurring when the STOP bit is set, the STOP condition is carried out
immediately on the bus. Data should not be written to I2CS or I2DAT until the STOP bit returns
low. In most versions of CY7C646x3-128NC, an interrupt request is available to signal that STOP
bit transmission is complete.

Page 4-16

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

4.7.3 LASTRD
To read data over the I 2C-compatible bus, an I 2C-compatible master floats the SDA line and
issues clock pulses on the SCL line. After every eight bits, the master drives SDA low for one clock
to indicate ACK. To signal the last byte of the read transfer, the master floats SDA at ACK time to
instruct the slave to stop sending. This is controlled by the 8051 by setting LASTRD=1 before
reading the last byte of a read transfer. The I 2C-compatible controller clears the LASTRD bit at the
end of the transfer (at ACK time).

Setting LASTRD does not automatically generate a STOP condition. The 8051 should also set the
STOP bit at the end of a read transfer.

4.8

Status Bits

After a byte transfer, the I 2C-compatible controller updates the three status bits BERR, ACK, and
DONE. If no STOP condition was transmitted, they are updated at ACK time. If a STOP condition
was transmitted they are updated after the STOP condition is transmitted.

4.8.1 DONE
The I 2C-compatible controller sets this bit whenever it completes a byte transfer, right after the
ACK stage. The controller also generates an I 2C-compatible interrupt request (8051 INT3) when it
sets the DONE bit. The I 2C-compatible controller clears the DONE bit when the 8051 reads or
writes the I2DAT register, and it clears the I 2C-compatible interrupt request bit whenever the 8051
reads or writes the I 2CS or I2DAT register.

4.8.2 ACK
Every ninth SCL of a write transfer, the slave indicates reception of the byte by asserting ACK. The
I 2C-compatible controller floats SDA during this time, samples the SDA line, and updates the ACK
bit with the complement of the detected value. ACK=1 indicates acknowledge, and ACK=0 indicates not-acknowledge. The I 2C-compatible controller updates the ACK bit at the same time it sets
DONE=1. The ACK bit should be ignored for read transfers on the bus.

4.8.3 BERR
This bit indicates an I 2C-compatible bus error. BERR=1 indicates that there was bus contention,
which results when an outside device drives the bus LO when it shouldnt, or when another bus

Chapter 4. EZ-USB FX Input/Output

Page 4-17

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

master wins arbitration, taking control of the bus. BERR is cleared when the 8051 reads or writes
the I2DAT register.

4.8.4 ID1, ID0

These bits are set by the boot loader (Section 4.11, "I2C-Compatible Boot Loader") to indicate
whether an 8-bit address or 16-bit address EEPROM at slave address 000 or 001 was detected at
power-on. They are normally used only for debug purposes. Table 4-7 shows the encoding for
these bits.

4.9

Sending I2C-Compatible Data

To send a multiple byte data record over the I 2C-compatible bus, follow these steps:
1. Set the START bit.
2. Write the peripheral address and direction=0 (for write) to I2DAT.
3. Wait for DONE=1*. If BERR=1 or ACK=0, go to step 7.
4. Load I2DAT with a data byte.
5. Wait for DONE=1*. If BERR=1 or ACK=0 go to step 7.
6. Repeat steps 4 and 5 for each byte until all bytes have been transferred.
7. Set STOP=1.
* If the I 2C-compatible interrupt (8051 INT3) is enabled, each Wait for DONE=1 step can be interrupt
driven, and handled by an interrupt service routine. See Chapter 12. "EZ-USB FX Interrupts" for more
details regarding the I 2C-compatible interrupt.

4.10 Receiving I2C-Compatible Data

To read a multiple-byte data record, follow these steps:
1. Set the START bit.
2. Write the peripheral address and direction=1 (for read) to I2DAT.
3. Wait for DONE=1*. If BERR=1 or ACK=0, terminate by setting STOP=1.
4. Read I2DAT and discard the data. This initiates the first burst of nine SCL pulses to clock in
the first byte from the slave.
5. Wait for DONE=1*. If BERR=1, terminate by setting STOP=1.
6. Read the data from I2DAT. This initiates another read transfer.
7. Repeat steps 5 and 6 for each byte until ready to read the second-to-last byte.
8. Before reading the second-to-last I2DAT byte, set LASTRD=1.

Page 4-18

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

9. Read the data from I2DAT. With LASTRD=1, this initiates the final byte read on the I 2C-compatible bus.
10. Wait for DONE=1*. If BERR=1, terminate by setting STOP=1.
11. Set STOP=1.
12. Read the last byte from I2DAT immediately (the next instruction) after setting the STOP bit.
This retrieves the last data byte without initiating an extra read transaction (nine more SCL
pulses) on the I 2C-compatible bus.
* If the I 2C-compatible interrupt (8051 INT3) is enabled, each Wait for DONE=1 step can be interruptdriven, and handled by an interrupt service routing. See Chapter 12. "EZ-USB FX Interrupts" for more
details regarding the I 2C-compatible interrupt.

4.11 I2C-Compatible Boot Loader

When the EZ-USB FX chip comes out of reset, the EZ-USB FX boot loader checks for the presence of an EEPROM on its I 2C-compatible bus. If an EEPROM is detected, the loader reads the
first EEPROM byte to determine how to enumerate (specifically, whether to supply ID information
from the USB core or from the EEPROM). The various enumeration modes are described in Chapter 5. "EZ-USB FX Enumeration & ReNumeration".
Prior to reading the first EEPROM byte, the boot loader must set to zero an address counter inside
the EEPROM. It does this by sending a control byte (write) to select the EEPROM, followed by a
zero address to set the internal EEPROM address pointer to zero. Then, it issues a control byte
(read), and reads the first EEPROM byte.
The EZ-USB FX boot loader supports two I 2C-compatible EEPROM types:

EEPROMs with address A[7..4]=1010 that use an 8-bit address, (example: 24LC00,
24LC01/B, 24LC02/B).

EEPROMs with address A[7..4]=1010 that use a 16-bit address, (example: 24AA64,
24LC128, 24AA256).

EEPROMs with densities up to 256 bytes require loading a single address byte. Larger EEPROMs
require loading two address bytes.
The EZ-USB FX I 2C-compatible controller needs to determine which EEPROM type is connectedone or two address bytesso that it can properly reset the EEPROM address pointer to
zero before reading the EEPROM. For the single-byte address part, it must send a single zero byte
of address, and for the two-byte address part it must send two zero bytes of address.
Because there is no direct way to detect which EEPROM typesingle or double addressis connected, the I 2C-compatible controller uses the EEPROM address pins A2, A1, and A0 to determine whether to send out one or two bytes of address. This algorithm requires that the EEPROM

Chapter 4. EZ-USB FX Input/Output

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

address lines are strapped as shown in Table 4-6. Single-byte-address EEPROMs are strapped to
address 000 and double-byte-address EEPROMs are strapped to address 001.

Table 4-6. Strap Boot EEPROM Address Lines to These Values

Bytes

Example
EEPROM

A2

A1

A0

16

24LC00*

N/A

N/A

N/A

128

24LC01

256

24LC02

4K

24LC32

8K

24LC64

* This EEPROM does not have address pins

The I 2C-compatible controller performs a three-step test at power-on to determine whether a onebyte-address or a two-byte-address EEPROM is attached. This test proceeds as follows:
1. The I 2C-compatible controller sends out a read current address command to I 2C-compatible
sub-address 000 (10100001). If no ACK is returned, the controller proceeds to step 2. If ACK
is returned, the one-byte-address device is indicated. The controller discards the data and
proceeds to step 3.
2. The I 2C-compatible controller sends out a read current address command to I 2C-compatible
sub-address 001 (10100011). If ACK is returned, the two-byte-address device is indicated.
The controller discards the data and proceeds to step 3. If no ACK is returned, the controller
assumes that a valid EEPROM is not connected, assumes the No Serial EEPROM mode,
and terminates the boot load.
3. The I 2C-compatible controller resets the EEPROM address pointer to zero (using the appropriate number of address bytes), then reads the first EEPROM byte. If it does not read 0xB4 or
0xB6, the controller assumes the No Serial EEPROM mode. If it reads either 0xB4 or 0xB6,
the controller copies the next six bytes into internal storage. If it reads 0xB6, it proceeds to
load the EEPROM contents into internal RAM.
The results of this power-on test are reported in the ID1 and ID0 bits, as shown in
Table 4-7.

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Table 4-7. Results of Power-On I 2C-Compatible Test

ID1

ID0

Meaning

No EEPROM detected

One-byte-address load EEPROM detected

Two-byte-address load EEPROM detected

Not used

Other EEPROM devices (with device address of 1010) can be attached to the I 2C-compatible bus
for general purpose 8051 use, as long as they are strapped for address other than 000 or 001. If a
24LC00 EEPROM is used, no other EEPROMS with device address 1010 may be used because
the 24LC00 responds to all eight sub-addresses.

4.12 SFR Addressing

The 8051 architecture includes a directly-addressable bank of registers from 0x80-0xFF, called
Special Function Registers or SFRs. These registers control various 8051 peripheral functions
such as the timers, interrupts, and UARTs. Because they are directly addressable, they allow quick
transfer of bytes in and out of the 8051 accumulator.
A portion of the 8051 SFR space is bit-addressable. The 8051 architecture assigns 256 bit
addresses to individual bits in certain registers, including SFR registers with addresses ending in 0
or 8. The advantage of bit addressing is that special bit manipulation instructions can set, test, or
toggle individual bits without dealing with bytesreading a byte, modifying one bit, or writing back
the byte. This bit manipulation is especially useful for I/O, when a single I/O pin needs attention.
The EZ-USB FX preserves the I/O architecture used in EZ-USB Series 2100, where I/O is controlled using memory mapped registers in external RAM space. To allow quick access to the I/O
control registers, EZ-USB FX also maps the I/O control registers into SFR registers. In addition,
four of the I/O control registers are bit-addressable.

Chapter 4. EZ-USB FX Input/Output

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Table 4-8. EZ-USB FX Special Function Registers*

80

90

A0

B0

C0

D0

E0

F0

IOA

IOB

IOC

IOD

SCON1

PSW

ACC

SBUF1

EICON

EIE

EIP

SP

EXIF

INT2CLR

IOE

DPL0

MPAGE

INT4CLR

SOEA

DPH0

SOEB

DPL1

SOEC

DPH1

SOED

DPS

SOEE

PCON

TCON

SCON0
SBUF0

IE

IP

T2CON

TMOD

TL0

RCAP2L

TL1

RCAP2H

TH0

TL2

TH1

TH2

CKCON

* 8051 enhancements appear in bold. EZ-USB FX SFRs are shaded. Bit-addressable registers (rows 0
and 8) are highlighted.

In the standard 8051, ports 0-3 are addressed using SFRs 80, 90, A0, and B0. Because these
ports are not implemented in EZ-USB FX, the SFRs are available. The EZ-USB FX chip maps the
input-output data for four of its I/O ports, A-D, into these registers. Also, the I/O register for PORT
E and the port output enable registers are mapped into non-bit-addressable SFRs as shown in
Table 4-8.
INT2CLR and INT4CLR are dummy registers (no data) that provide a fast method for clearing
IRQ2 and IRQ4 flags. The 8051 writes any value to these registers to clear the IRQ2 or IRQ4 interrupt request flags.

INT2 is used for all USB interrupts. INT4 is used for all slave FIFO and GPIF interrupts.
Two enable bits turn on the SFR interrupt clearing:

INT2 SFR clearing is enabled by setting USBBAV.4=1.

INT4 SFR clearing is enabled by setting INT4SETUP.2=1.

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

The two code examples (Figure 4-10 and Figure 4-11) illustrate the speed advantage gained by
using the INT2CLR SFR to clear a pending USB interrupt request for endpoint 6 OUT. The first
example uses the EZ-USB FX method, and the second example uses the new SFR method to
clear an interrupt request for bulk endpoint EP6OUT.

EP6OUT_ISR_A:
push
push
push
push
push
push

dps
dpl
dph
dpl1
dph1
acc

mov
clr
mov

a,EXIF
acc.4
EXIF,a

mov
mov
movx

dptr,#OUT07IRQ
a,#01000000b
@dptr,a

;
; clear INT2 (USB) IRQ flag

;
; clear OUT6 IRQ bit by writing 1

; Do interrupt processing here set flags, whatever...

;
pop
acc
pop
dph1
pop
dpl1
pop
dph
pop
dpl
pop
dps
reti

Figure 4-10. EZ-USB FX Method, sample code

Because the OUT6 interrupt request bit is in the memory-mapped register OUT07IRQ, the 8051
clears it using the data pointer and a MOVX instruction. Because this is an interrupt service routine, all registers used by the ISR must be saved and restored. It is not known at the time of the
interrupt which data pointer is in use, so both of them along with the data pointer select register
dps are pushed and later restored (popped).
Next, the INT2 request bit is cleared in EXIF.4. It is important to clear INT2 before clearing the individual source of the interruptin this example EP6OUT. (This is explained in Chapter 12. "EZ-USB
FX Interrupts"). Finally, the data pointer is set to OUT07IRQ, and the bit corresponding to OUT6 is
set, and written to OUT0IRQ. Writing a 1 clears the OUT6 interrupt request.

Chapter 4. EZ-USB FX Input/Output

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

init:

movx
movx
setb
movx

dptr,#USBBAV
a,@dptr
acc.4
@dptr,a

push
mov
clr
mov

acc
a,EXIF
acc.4
EXIF,a

; enable the SFR-clearing feature

; for INT2

;
EP6OUT_ISR_B:
; clear INT2 (USB) IRQ flag

;
mov
INT2CLR,a
;
; Do interrupt processing here
;
pop
acc
reti

; use whatever value is in acc

Figure 4-11. SFR Method, sample code

The init routine should be included in general initialization code, and is executed only once. Setting bit 4 of USBBAV enables the SFR clearing feature for INT2 (but not INT4).
The ISR clears the INT2 request bit in EXIF.4, as before. But now, only one instruction is required
to clear the endpoint 6-OUT IRQ, due to the fact that the SFR is directly addressable.
There are two important points about this operation:
The data in acc is dont care, because the act of writing INT2CLR, and not the data written, actually clears the IRQ. Second, the particular USB interrupt cleared by this instruction is the one currently pending (the interrupt source is displayed in the INT2IVEC register).

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

4.13 SFR Control of PORTs A-E

OE

OUT

pin

Enab

output register
bit set
bit clear

PORTSETUP.0
bit toggle
bit test

PINS
Figure 4-12. EZ-USB FX I/O Structure
Figure 4-12 shows a block diagram of the EZ-USB FX I/O structure. The signals in rectangles, OE,
OUT, and PINS, represent the memory mapped register bits that access I/O bits using 8051 MOVX
instructions. The ovals represent access via the SFRs. The 8051 sets a single bit, PORTSETUP.0,
to enable SFR access to all of the I/O pins.
When PORTSETUP.0=1, both I/O access methods operate simultaneously. Both the MOVX
method and SFR addressing method can be used to set the state of an output pin. To elaborate,
the following code example sets PA0 using a MOVX instruction, clears it using a bit clear instruction, and then toggles it using a bit toggle instruction.

mov
movx
setb
movx

dptr,#OUTA
a,@dptr
acc.0
@dptr,a

;
;
;
;

set PA0 the old way

get value of OUTA register
set bit 0
write it back

clrb

IOA.0

; clear PA0 bit the new way

cpl

IOA.0

; complement PA0 bit the new way

;
;

Figure 4-13. Use MOVX to Set PA0, sample code

Chapter 4. EZ-USB FX Input/Output

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

This simple example illustrates two important points. First, both the old (MOVX) and new (SFR)
methods can be used on the same I/O bits. Second, the SFR method is much more efficient,
because setting the bit using the MOVX takes nine cycles and seven bytes, while a bit set, clear,
or toggle instruction takes two cycles and two bytes. In practice, there is no reason to use the first
method in EZ-USB FX except for backward compatibility; the example is meant to illustrate that
each method can be used independently.
The data registers for I/O ports A, B, C, and D are mapped into SFRs that are bit-addressable
(0x80, 0x90, 0xA0, and 0xB0, respectively). Because the 8051 uses the rest of the SFRs, the
remaining EZ-USB FX I/O registers (PORTE data and the output enables) are mapped into SFRs
that are not bit-addressable. This still gives faster access to these I/O bits because direct addressing takes less time and fewer bytes than MOVX addressing, using the data pointer.
Although not shown in Figure 4-13, the output enables are also registered in exactly the same
manner as the data register, and the SFR access is enabled using the PORTSETUP.0 bit.
The 8051 can read the state of a pin at any time by:

Reading a PINS register using a MOVX instruction, or

Reading the corresponding SFR register or bit.

For the bit-addressable registers IOA, IOB, IOC, or IOD, the bit test instructions (jb, jnb) may be
used on individual input pins. Bit test instructions may not be used with IOE (at 0xB1) because it is
not bit-addressable. However, SFR access is still faster for the IOE register than MOVX access.
The 8051 can read an I/O pin using SFRs, regardless of the state of the PORTSETUP.0 bit.
The following example code tests the state of PORTC bit 2, and jumps to two different routines
depending on the result.

checkbit:

jb
jmp

IOC.2, process_the_one ; jump if bit set

process_the_zero
; its low

Figure 4-14. Test the State of PORTC, sample code

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

Chapter 5. EZ-USB FX Enumeration & ReNumeration

5.1

Introduction

The EZ-USB FX chip is soft. 8051 code and data is stored in internal RAM, which is loaded from
the host using the USB interface. Peripheral devices that use the EZ-USB FX chip can operate
without ROM, EPROM, or FLASH memory, shortening production lead times and making firmware
updates a breeze.
To support the soft feature, the EZ-USB FX chip enumerates automatically as a USB device without firmware, so the USB interface itself can download 8051 code and descriptor tables. The USB
core performs this initial (power-on) enumeration and code download while the 8051 is held in
RESET. This initial USB device, which supports code download, is called the Default USB
Device.
After the code descriptor tables have been downloaded from the host to EZ-USB FX RAM, the
8051 is brought out of reset and begins executing the device code. The EZ-USB FX device enumerates again, this time as the loaded device. This patented enumeration process is called ReNumeration. The EZ-USB FX chip accomplishes ReNumeration by electrically simulating a
physical disconnection and re-connection to the USB.
An EZ-USB FX control bit called RENUM (ReNumerated) determines which entity, the core or the
8051, handles device requests over endpoint zero. At power-on, the RENUM bit (USBCS.1) is
zero, indicating that the USB core automatically handles device requests. Once the 8051 is running, it can set RENUM to 1 to indicate that user 8051 code handles subsequent device requests
using its downloaded firmware. Chapter 9. "EZ-USB FX Endpoint Zero" describes how the 8051
handles device requests while RENUM=1.
It is also possible for the 8051 to run with RENUM=0 and have the USB core handle certain endpoint zero requests. (See Info Box below).
This chapter deals with the various EZ-USB FX startup modes, and describes the default USB
device that is created at initial enumeration.

Chapter 5. EZ-USB FX Enumeration & ReNumeration

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Another Use for the Default USB Device
The Default USB Device is established at power-on to set up a USB device capable of downloading firmware into EZ-USB FX RAM. Another useful feature of the EZ-USB FX default
device is that 8051 code can be written to support the already-configured Generic USB
device. Before bringing the 8051 out of reset, the USB core enables certain endpoints and
reports them to the host via descriptors. By utilizing the USB default machine (by keeping
RENUM=0), the 8051 can, with very little code, perform meaningful USB transfers that use
these default endpoints. This accelerates the USB learning curve. To see an example of how
little code is actually necessary, take a look at Section 6.11. "Polled Bulk Transfer Example."

5.2

The Default USB Device

The Default USB Device consists of a single USB configuration containing one interface (interface
0) with three alternate settings, 0, 1, and 2. The endpoints reported for this device are shown in
Table 5-1. Note that alternate setting zero consumes no interrupt or isochronous bandwidth, as
recommended by the USB Specification.

Table 5-1. EZ-USB FX Default Endpoints

Endpoint

Type

Alternate Setting
0

Maximum Packet Size

(Bytes)

Page 5-2

CTL

64

64

64

1-IN

INT

16

64

2-IN

BULK

64

64

2-OUT

BULK

64

64

4-IN

BULK

64

64

4-OUT

BULK

64

64

6-IN

BULK

64

64

6-OUT

BULK

64

64

8-IN

ISO

16

256

8-OUT

ISO

16

256

9-IN

ISO

16

16

9-OUT

ISO

16

16

10-IN

ISO

16

16

10 OUT

ISO

16

16

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

For the purpose of downloading 8051 code, the Default USB Device requires only CONTROL endpoint zero. Nevertheless, the USB default machine is enhanced to support other endpoints as
shown in Figure 5-2 (note the alternate settings 1 and 2). This enhancement is provided to allow
the developer to get a head start generating USB traffic and learning the USB system. All the
descriptors are handled automatically by the USB core, so the developer can immediately start
writing code to transfer data over USB using these pre-configured endpoints.
When the USB core establishes the Default USB Device, it also sets the proper endpoint configuration bits to match the descriptor data supplied by the USB core. For example, bulk endpoints 2,
4, and 6 are implemented in the Default USB Device, so the USB core sets the corresponding
EPVAL bits. Chapter 6. "EZ-USB FX Bulk Transfers" contains a detailed explanation of the EPVAL
bits.
Tables 5-9 through 5-13 show the various descriptors returned to the host by the USB core when
RENUM=0. These tables describe the USB endpoints defined in Table 5-1, along with other USB
details. These tables should help you understand the structure of USB descriptors.

5.3

USB Core Response to EP0 Device Requests

Table 5-2 shows how the USB core responds to endpoint zero requests when RENUM=0.

Table 5-2. How the USB Core Handles EP0 Requests When RENUM=0
bRequest

Name

Action: RENUM=0

0x00

Get Status/Device

Returns two zero bytes

0x00

Get Status/Endpoint

Supplies EP Stall bit for indicated EP

0x00

Get Status/Interface

Returns two zero bytes

0x01

Clear Feature/Device

None

0x01

Clear Feature/Endpoint

Clears Stall bit for indicated EP

0x02

(reserved)

None

0x03

Set Feature/Device

None

0x03

Set Feature/Endpoint

Sets Stall bit for indicated EP

0x04

(reserved)

None

0x05

Set Address

Updates FNADD register

0x06

Get Descriptor

Supplies internal table

0x07

Set Descriptor

None

0x08

Get Configuration

Returns internal value

0x09

Set Configuration

Sets internal value

0x0A

Get Interface

Returns internal value (0-3)

0x0B

Set Interface

Sets internal value (0-3)

Chapter 5. EZ-USB FX Enumeration and ReNumeration

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Table 5-2. How the USB Core Handles EP0 Requests When RENUM=0
bRequest
0x0C

Name
Sync Frame

Action: RENUM=0
None

Vendor Requests
0xA0

Firmware Load

Upload/Download RAM

0xA10xAF

Reserved

Reserved by Cypress Semiconductor

all other

None

The USB host enumerates by issuing:

Set_Address

Get_Descriptor

Set_Configuration (to 1)

As shown in Table 5-2, after enumeration, the USB core responds to the following host requests:

Set or clear an endpoint stall (Set/Clear Feature_Endpoint).

Read the stall status for an endpoint (Get_Status_Endpoint).

Set/Read an 8-bit configuration number (Set/Get_Configuration).

Set/Read a 2-bit interface alternate setting (Set/Get_Interface).

Download or upload 8051 RAM.

5.3.1 Port Configuration Bits

To ensure proper operation of the default Keil Monitor, which uses SIO-1 (RXD1 and TXD1), never
change the following Port Config bits from 1:

PORTBCFG bits 2 (RXD1) and 3 (TXD1).

To ensure the 8051 processor can access the external SRAM (including the Keil Monitor), do not
change the following bits from 1:

PORTCCFG bits 6 (WR#) and 7 (RD#).

To ensure that no bits are unintentionally changed, all writes to the PORTxCFG registers should
use a read-modify-write series of instructions.

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

5.4

Firmware Load

The USB Specification provides for vendor-specific requests to be sent over CONTROL endpoint
zero. The EZ-USB FX chip uses this feature to transfer data between the host and EZ-USB FX
RAM. The USB core responds to two Firmware Load requests, as shown in Tables 5-3 and 5-4.
Table 5-3. Firmware Download
Byte

Field

Value

Meaning

8051
Response

bmRequest

0x40

Vendor Request, OUT

None
required

bRequest

0xA0

Firmware Load

wValueL

AddrL Starting Address

wValueH

AddrH

wIndexL

0x00

wIndexH

0x00

wLenghtL

LenL

wLengthH

LenH

Number of Bytes

Table 5-4. Firmware Upload

Byte

Field

Value

Meaning

8051
Response
None
required

bmRequest

0xC0

Vendor Request, IN

bRequest

0xA0

Firmware Load

wValueL

AddrL Starting Address

wValueH

AddrH

wIndexL

0x00

wIndexH

0x00

wLengthL

LenL

wLengthH

LenH

Number of Bytes

These requests are always handled by the USB core (RENUM=0 or 1). The bRequest value 0xA0
is reserved by the EZ-USB FX chip. It should never be used for a vendor request. Cypress Semiconductor also reserves bRequest values 0xA1 through 0xAF. Your system should not use these
bRequest values.

Chapter 5. EZ-USB FX Enumeration and ReNumeration

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

A host loader program typically writes 0x01 to the CPUCS register to put the 8051 into RESET,
loads all or part of the EZ-USB FX RAM with 8051 code, and finally reloads the CPUCS register
with 0 to take the 8051 out of RESET. The CPUCS register is the only USB register that can be
written using the Firmware Download command.
Firmware loads are restricted to internal EZ-USB FX memory.

When RENUM=1 at Power-On

At power-on, the RENUM bit is normally set to zero so that the EZ-USB FX to handle device
requests over CONTROL endpoint zero. This allows the core to download 8051 firmware and
then reconnect as the target device.
At power-on, the USB core checks the I 2C-compatible bus for the presence of an EEPROM.
If it finds one, and the first byte of the EEPROM is 0xB6, the core copies the contents of the
EEPROM into internal RAM, sets the RENUM bit to 1, and un-RESETS the 8051. The 8051
wakes up ready to run the firmware in RAM. The required data format for this load module is
described in Section 5.8. "Serial EEPROM Present, First Byte is 0xB6".

5.5

Enumeration Modes

When the EZ-USB FX chip comes out of RESET, the USB core decides how to enumerate based
on the contents of an external EEPROM on its I 2C-compatible bus. Table 5-5 shows the choices.
In Table 5-5, PID means Product ID, VID means Version ID, and DID means Device ID.

Table 5-5. USB Core Action at Power-Up

First EEPROM byte

USB Core Action

Not 0xB4 or 0xB6

Supplies descriptors, PID/VID/DID from USB

Core. Sets RENUM=0.

0xB4

Supplies descriptors from USB core, PID/VID/

DID from EEPROM. Sets RENUM=0.

0xB6

Loads EEPROM into EZ-USB FX RAM. Sets

RENUM=1; therefore 8051 supplies descriptors, PID/VID/DID.

If no EEPROM is present, or if one is present but the first byte is neither 0xB4 nor 0xB6, the USB
core enumerates using internally stored descriptor data, which contains the Cypress Semiconductor VID, PID, and DID. These ID bytes cause the host operating system to load a Cypress Semi-

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

conductor device driver. The USB core also establishes the Default USB device. This mode is only
used for code development and debug.
If a serial EEPROM is attached to the I 2C-compatible bus and its first byte is 0xB4, the USB core
enumerates with the same internally stored descriptor data as for the no-EEPROM case, but with
one difference. It supplies the PID/VID/DID data from six bytes in the external EEPROM rather
than from the USB core. The custom VID/PID/DID in the EEPROM causes the host operating system to load a device driver that is matched to the EEPROM VID/PID/DID. This EZ-USB FX operating mode provides a soft USB device using ReNumeration.
If a serial EEPROM is attached to the I 2C-compatible bus and its first byte is 0xB6, the USB core
transfers the contents of the EEPROM into internal RAM. The USB core also sets the RENUM bit
to 1 to indicate that the 8051 (and not the USB core) responds to device requests over CONTROL
endpoint zero (see the Info Box on page 5-6). Therefore, all descriptor data, including VID/DID/PID
values, are supplied by the 8051 firmware. The last byte loaded from the EEPROM (to the CPUCS
register) releases the 8051 reset signal, allowing the EZ-USB FX chip to come up as a fully, custom device with firmware in RAM.
The following sections discuss these enumeration methods in detail.
The Other Half of the I 2C-Compatible Story
The EZ-USB FX I 2C-compatible controller serves two purposes. First, as described in this
chapter, it manages the serial EEPROM interface that operates automatically at power-on to
determine the enumeration method. Second, once the 8051 is up and running, the 8051 can
access the I 2C-compatible controller for general-purpose use. This makes a wide range of
standard I 2C-compatible peripherals available to an EZ-USB FX system.
Other I 2C-compatible devices can be attached to the SCL and SDA lines of the I 2C-compatible bus as long as there is no address conflict with the serial EEPROM described in this
chapter. Chapter 4. "EZ-USB FX Input/Output" describes the general-purpose nature of the
I 2C-compatible interface.

5.6

No Serial EEPROM

In the simplest scenario, no serial EEPROM is present on the I 2C-compatible bus or an EEPROM
is present, but its first byte is not 0xB4 or 0xB6. In this case, descriptor data is supplied by a table
internal to the USB core. The EZ-USB FX chip comes on as the USB Default Device, with the ID
bytes shown in Table 5-6.

Pullup resistors are required on SCL/SDA, even if no device is connected. The resistors are
required to allow EZ-USB FX to detect the no-EEPROM condition.

Chapter 5. EZ-USB FX Enumeration and ReNumeration

Page 5-7

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Table 5-6. EZ-USB FX Device Characteristics, No Serial EEPROM

Vendor ID

0x0547 (Cypress Semiconductor/

Anchor Chips)

Product ID

0x2235 (EZ-USB FX)

Device
Release

0xXXYY (depends on revision)

The USB host queries the device during enumeration, reads the device descriptor, and uses the
bytes described in Table 5-6 to determine which software driver to load into the operating system.
This is a major USB feature drivers are dynamically matched with devices and automatically
loaded when a device is plugged in.
The no EEPROM scenario is the simplest configuration, and also the most limiting. This mode is
used only for code development, utilizing Cypress software tools matched to the ID values in Table
5-6.
Reminder
The USB core uses the data in Table 5-6 for enumeration only if the RENUM bit is zero. If
RENUM=1, enumeration data is supplied by 8051 code.

5.7

Serial EEPROM Present, First Byte is 0xB4

Table 5-7. EEPROM Data Format for B4 Load

EEPROM
Address

Page 5-8

Contents

0xB4

Vendor ID (VID) L

Vendor ID (VID) H

Product ID (PID) L

Product ID (PID) H

Device ID (DID) L

Device ID (DID) H

Config 0

Reserved (set to 0x00)

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

If at power-on, the USB core detects an EEPROM connected to its I 2C-compatible port with the
value 0xB4 at address 0, the USB core copies the Vendor ID (VID), Product ID (PID), and Device
ID (DID) from the EEPROM (Table 5-7) into internal storage. The USB core then supplies these
bytes to the host as part of the Get_Descriptor-Device request. (These six bytes replace only the
VID/PID/DID bytes in the default USB device descriptor.) This causes a driver matched to the VID/
PID/DID values in the EEPROM, instead of those in the USB core, to be loaded into the OS.
After initial enumeration, the driver downloads 8051 code and USB descriptor data into EZ-USB
FX RAM and starts the 8051. The code then ReNumerates and comes on as the fully, custom
device.
A recommended EEPROM for this application is the Microchip 24LC00, a small (5-pin SOT package) inexpensive 16-byte serial EEPROM. A 24LC01 (128 bytes) or 24LC02 (256 bytes) may be
substituted for the 24LC00, but as with the 24LC00, only the first nine bytes are used.

5.8

Serial EEPROM Present, First Byte is 0xB6

If at power-on, the USB core detects an EEPROM connected to its I 2C-compatible port with the
value 0xB6 at address 0, the USB core loads the EEPROM data into EZ-USB FX RAM. It also sets
the RENUM bit to 1, causing device requests to be fielded by the 8051 instead of the USB core.
The EEPROM data format is shown in Table 5-8.
Table 5-8. EEPROM Data Format for B6 Load
EEPROM
Address

Contents

0xB6

1*

Vendor ID (VID) L

2*

Vendor ID (VID) H

3*

Product ID (PID) L

4*

Product ID (PID) H

5*

Device ID (DID) L

6*

Device ID (DID) H

Config 0

Reserved (set to
0x00)

Length H

10

Length L

11

StartAddr H

12

StartAddr L

---

Data block

---

Chapter 5. EZ-USB FX Enumeration and ReNumeration

Page 5-9

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Table 5-8. EEPROM Data Format for B6 Load
EEPROM
Address

Contents

---

Length H

---

Length L

---

StartAddr H

---

StartAddr L

---

Data block

-----

0x80

---

0x01

---

0x7F

---

0x92

Last

00000000

* Ignored see Info Box below.

The first byte tells the USB core to copy EEPROM data into RAM. The next six bytes are ignored
(See the Info Box below).
One or more data records follow, starting at EEPROM address 9. The maximum value of Length H
is 0x03, allowing a maximum of 1,023 bytes per record. Each data record consists of a length, a
starting address, and a block of data bytes. The last data record must have the MSB of its Length
H byte set to 1. The last data record consists of a single-byte load to the CPUCS register at
0x7F92. Only the LSB of this byte is significant8051RES (CPUCS.0) is set to zero to bring the
8051 out of reset.
Serial EEPROM data can be loaded into two EZ-USB FX RAM spaces only.

8051 program/data RAM at 0x0000-0x1B3F.

The CPUCS register at 0x7F92 (only bit 0, 8051 RESET, is host-loadable).

VID/PID/DID in a B6 EEPROM
Bytes 1-6 of a B6 EEPROM can be loaded with VID/PID/DID bytes if it is desired at some
point to run the 8051 program with RENUM=0 (USB core handles device requests), using the
EEPROM VID/PID/DID rather than the Cypress Semiconductor values built into the USB
core.

5.9

Configuration Byte 0

The first configuration byte, Config 0, is valid for both EEPROM load formats; B4 and B6.

Page 5-10

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

Config 0
b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

48MHZ

CLKINV

400KHZ

Figure 5-1. Configuration 0

Bit 2:

48MHZ

24- or 48-MHz clock

If 48MHZ=1, the 8051 operates at a clock rate of 48 MHz, and the CLKOUT pin is a 48-MHz
square wave. If 48MHZ=0 the 8051 operates at a clock rate of 24 MHz, and the CLKOUT pin is
a 24-MHz square wave. This bit is copied to the CPUCS Register (Bit 3, 24/48), which is
read-only to the 8051. Thus the 8051 clock rate is fixed at 24 or 48 MHz at boot time according
to the EEPROM contents, and cannot be changed subsequently by the 8051.
If no EEPROM is present the default value is zero, selecting 24-MHz operation.

Bit 1:

CLKINV

Invert CLKOUT signal

If CLKINV=0, the CLKOUT signal is not inverted (as shown in all timing diagrams in this manual). If CLKINV=1, the CLKOUT signal is inverted. This bit is copied to the CPUCS Register Bit
2, which is read-only to the 8051. Thus, the CLKOUT polarity is set to invert or non-invert at
boot time according to the EEPROM contents, and cannot be changed subsequently by the
8051.
If no EEPROM is present the default value is zero, selecting non-inverting operation.

Bit 0:

400KHZ

High-speed I 2C-compatible Bus

If 400KHZ=0, the I 2C-compatible bus operates at approximately 100 KHz. If 400KHZ=1, the
I 2C-compatible bus operates at approximately 400 KHz. This bit is copied to the I 2CMODE
register bit 0, which is read-write to the 8051. Thus the I 2C-compatible bus speed is initially set
by the EEPROM bit, and may be changed subsequently by the 8051.

When the EZ-USB FX comes out of RESET, the I 2C-compatible bus operates at 100 KHz mode,
ensuring that a 100 KHz device can be used as the boot EEPROM.

5.10 ReNumeration
Three EZ-USB FX control bits in the USBCS (USB Control and Status) Register control the ReNumeration process: DISCON, DISCOE, and RENUM.

Chapter 5. EZ-USB FX Enumeration and ReNumeration

Page 5-11

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

USBCS

USB Control and Status

7FD6

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

WAKESRC

DISCON

DISCOE

RENUM

SIGRSUME

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 5-2. USB Control and Status Register

Internal Logic
DISCON

DISCON#
pin

DISCOE
Figure 5-3. Disconnect Pin Logic
The logic for the DISCON and DISCOE bits is shown in Figure 5-3. To simulate a USB disconnect,
the 8051 writes the value 00001010 to USBCS. This floats the DISCON# pin, and provides an
internal DISCON=1 signal to the USB core that causes it to perform disconnect housekeeping.
To re-connect to USB, the 8051 writes the value 00000110 to USBCS. This presents a logic HI to
the DISCON# pin, enables the output buffer, and sets the RENUM bit HI to indicate that the 8051
(and not the USB core) is now in control for USB transfers. This arrangement allows connecting
the 1,500-ohm resistor directly between the DISCON# pin and the USB D+ line (Figure 5-4).

DISCON#

EZ-USB
To 3.3V regulator

1500

J1
VCC
DD+
GND

1
2
3
4

DD+

USB-B

Figure 5-4. Typical Disconnect Circuit

Page 5-12

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

5.11 Multiple ReNumeration

The 8051 can ReNumerate anytime. One use for this capability might be to fine tune an isochronous endpoints bandwidth requests by trying various descriptor values and ReNumerating.

5.12 Default Descriptor

Tables 5-9 through 5-19 show the descriptor data built into the USB core. The tables are presented
in the order that the bytes are stored.
Table 5-9. USB Default Device Descriptor
Offset

Field

Description

Value

bLength

Length of this Descriptor = 18 bytes

12H

bDescriptorType

Descriptor Type = Device

01H

bcdUSB (L)

USB Specification Version 1.10 (L)

10H

bcdUSB (H)

USB Specification Version 1.10 (H)

01H

bDeviceClass

Device Class (FF is Vendor-Specific)

FFH

bDeviceSubClass

Device Sub-Class (FF is Vendor-Specific)

FFH

bDeviceProtocol

Device Protocol (FF is Vendor-Specific)

FFH

bMaxPacketSize0

Maximum Packet Size for EP0 = 64 bytes

40H

idVendor (L)

Vendor ID (L)

47H

idVendor (H)

Vendor ID (H)

10

idProduct (L)

Product ID (L)

11

idProduct (H)

Product ID (H)

22H

12

bcdDevice (L)

Device Release Number (BCD,L) (see individual data sheet)

xxH

13

bcdDevice (H)

Device Release Number (BCD,H) (see individual data sheet)

YYH

14

iManufacturer

Manufacturer Index String = None

00H

15

iProduct

Product Index String = None

00H

16

iSerialNumber

Serial Number Index String = None

00H

17

bNumConfigurations Number of Configurations in this Interface = 1

Cypress Semiconductor = 0547H

05H
EZ-USB FX = 2235H

35H

01H

The Device Descriptor specifies a MaxPacketSize of 64 bytes for endpoint 0, contains Cypress
Semiconductor Vendor, Product and Release Number IDs, and uses no string indices. Release
Number IDs (XX and YY) are found in individual Cypress Semiconductor data sheets. The USB
core returns this information response to a Get_Descriptor/Device host request.

Chapter 5. EZ-USB FX Enumeration and ReNumeration

Page 5-13

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Table 5-10. USB Default Configuration Descriptor

Offset

Field

Description

Value

bLength

Length of this Descriptor = 9 bytes

09H

bDescriptorType

Descriptor Type = Configuration

02H

wTotalLength (L)

Total Length (L) Including Interface and Endpoint Descriptors

DAH

wTotalLength (H)

Total Length (H)

00H

bNumInterfaces

Number of Interfaces in this Configuration

01H

bConfigurationValue

Configuration Value Used by Set_Configuration Request to

Select this Configuration

01H

iConfiguration

Index of String Describing this Configuration = None

00H

bmAttributes

Attributes - Bus-Powered, No Wakeup

80H

MaxPower

Maximum Power - 100 mA

32H

The configuration descriptor includes a total length field (offset 2-3) that encompasses all interface
and endpoint descriptors that follow the configuration descriptor. This configuration describes a
single interface (offset 4). The host selects this configuration by issuing a Set_Configuration
requests specifying configuration #1 (offset 5).
Table 5-11. USB Default Interface 0, Alternate Setting 0 Descriptor
Offset

Field

Description

Value

bLength

Length of the Interface Descriptor

09H

bDescriptorType

Descriptor Type = Interface

04H

bInterfaceNumber

Zero-based Index of this Interface = 0

00H

bAlternateSetting

Alternate Setting Value = 0

00H

bNumEndpoints

Number of Endpoints in this Interface (Not Counting EPO) = 0

00H

bInterfaceClass

Interface Class = Vendor Specific

FFH

bInterfaceSubClass

Interface Sub-class = Vendor Specific

FFH

bInterfaceProtocol

Interface Protocol = Vendor Specific

FFH

iInterface

Index to String Descriptor for this Interface = None

00H

Interface 0, Alternate Setting 0 describes endpoint 0 only. This setting consumes zero bandwidth. The interface has no string index.

Page 5-14

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

Table 5-12. USB Default Interface 0, Alternate Setting 1 Descriptor

Offset

Field

Description

Value

bLength

Length of the Interface Descriptor

09H

bDescriptorType

Descriptor Type = Interface

04H

bInterfaceNumber

Zero-based Index of this Interface = 0

00H

bAlternateSetting

Alternate Setting Value = 1

01H

bNumEndpoints

Number of Endpoints in this Interface (Not Counting EPO) = 13

0DH

bInterfaceClass

Interface Class = Vendor Specific

FFH

bInterfaceSubClass

Interface Sub-class = Vendor Specific

FFH

bInterfaceProtocol

Interface Protocol = Vendor Specific

FFH

iInterface

Index to String Descriptor for this Interface = None

00H

Interface 0, Alternate Setting 1 has thirteen endpoints, whose individual descriptors follow the
interface descriptor. The alternate settings have no string indices.
Table 5-13. Default Interface 0, Alternate Setting 1, INT Endpoint Descriptor
Offset

Field

Description

Value

bLength

Length of this Endpoint Descriptor

07H

bDescriptorType

Descriptor Type = Endpoint

05H

bEndpointAddress

Endpoint Direction (1 is in) and Address = IN1

81H

bmAttributes

XFR Type = INT

03H

wMaxPacketSize (L)

Maximum Packet Size = 16 Bytes

10H

wMaxPacketSize (H)

Maximum Packet Size - High

00H

bInterval

Polling Interval in Milliseconds = 10 ms

0AH

Interface 0, Alternate Setting 1 has one interrupt endpoint, IN1, which has a maximum packet
size of 16 and a polling interval of 10 ms.

Chapter 5. EZ-USB FX Enumeration and ReNumeration

Page 5-15

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Table 5-14. Default Interface 0, Alternate Setting 1, Bulk Endpoint Descriptors
Offset
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0
1
2
3
4
5
6

Page 5-16

Field
bLength
bDescriptorType
bEndpointAddress
bmAttributes
wMaxPacketSize (L)
wMaxPacketSize (H)
bInterval
bLength
bDescriptorType
bEndpointAddress
bmAttributes
wMaxPacketSize (L)
wMaxPacketSize (H)
bInterval
bLength
bDescriptorType
bEndpointAddress
bmAttributes
wMaxPacketSize (L)
wMaxPacketSize (H)
bInterval
bLength
bDescriptorType
bEndpointAddress
bmAttributes
wMaxPacketSize (L)
wMaxPacketSize (H)
bInterval
bLength
bDescriptorType
bEndpointAddress
bmAttributes
wMaxPacketSize (L)
wMaxPacketSize (H)
bInterval
bLength
bDescriptorType
bEndpointAddress
bmAttributes
wMaxPacketSize (L)
wMaxPacketSize (H)
bInterval

Description
Length of this Endpoint Descriptor
Descriptor Type = Endpoint
Endpoint Direction (1 is in) and Address = IN2
XFR Type = BULK
Maximum Packet Size = 64 Bytes
Maximum Packet Size - High
Polling Interval in Milliseconds
Length of this Endpoint Descriptor
Descriptor Type = Endpoint
Endpoint Direction (1 is in) and Address = OUT2
XFR Type = BULK
Maximum Packet Size = 64 Bytes
Maximum Packet Size - High
Polling Interval in Milliseconds
Length of this Endpoint Descriptor
Descriptor Type = Endpoint
Endpoint Direction (1 is in) and Address = IN4
XFR Type = BULK
Maximum Packet Size = 64 Bytes
Maximum Packet Size - High
Polling Interval in Milliseconds
Length of this Endpoint Descriptor
Descriptor Type = Endpoint
Endpoint Direction (1 is in) and Address = OUT4
XFR Type = BULK
Maximum Packet Size = 64 Bytes
Maximum Packet Size - High
Polling Interval in Milliseconds
Length of this Endpoint Descriptor
Descriptor Type = Endpoint
Endpoint Direction (1 is in) and Address = IN6
XFR Type = BULK
Maximum Packet Size = 64 Bytes
Maximum Packet Size - High
Polling Interval in Milliseconds
Length of this Endpoint Descriptor
Descriptor Type = Endpoint
Endpoint Direction (1 is in) and Address = OUT6
XFR Type = BULK
Maximum Packet Size = 64 Bytes
Maximum Packet Size - High
Polling Interval in Milliseconds

Value
07H
05H
82H
02H
40H
00H
00H
07H
05H
02H
02H
40H
00H
00H
07H
05H
84H
02H
40H
00H
00H
07H
05H
04H
02H
40H
00H
00H
07H
05H
86H
02H
40H
00H
00H
07H
05H
06H
02H
40H
00H
00H

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

Interface 0, Alternate Setting 1 has six bulk endpoints with max packet sizes of 64 bytes. Even
numbered endpoints were chosen to allow endpoint pairing. For more on endpoint pairing, see
Chapter 6. "EZ-USB FX Bulk Transfers".
Table 5-15. Default Interface 0, Alternate Setting 1, ISO Endpoint Descriptors
Offset
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0
1
2
3
4
5
6

Field
bLength
bDescriptorType
bEndpointAddress
bmAttributes
wMaxPacketSize (L)
wMaxPacketSize (H)
bInterval
bLength
bDescriptorType
bEndpointAddress
bmAttributes
wMaxPacketSize (L)
wMaxPacketSize (H)
bInterval
bLength
bDescriptorType
bEndpointAddress
bmAttributes
wMaxPacketSize (L)
wMaxPacketSize (H)
bInterval
bLength
bDescriptorType
bEndpointAddress
bmAttributes
wMaxPacketSize (L)
wMaxPacketSize (H)
bInterval
bLength
bDescriptorType
bEndpointAddress
bmAttributes
wMaxPacketSize (L)
wMaxPacketSize (H)
bInterval
bLength
bDescriptorType
bEndpointAddress
bmAttributes
wMaxPacketSize (L)
wMaxPacketSize (H)
bInterval

Description
Length of this Endpoint Descriptor
Descriptor Type = Endpoint
Endpoint Direction (1 is in) and Address = IN8
XFR Type = ISO
Maximum Packet Size = 16 Bytes
Maximum Packet Size - High
Polling Interval in Milliseconds (1 for iso)
Length of this Endpoint Descriptor
Descriptor Type = Endpoint
Endpoint Direction (1 is in) and Address = OUT8
XFR Type = ISO
Maximum Packet Size = 16 Bytes
Maximum Packet Size - High
Polling Interval in Milliseconds (1 for iso)
Length of this Endpoint Descriptor
Descriptor Type = Endpoint
Endpoint Direction (1 is in) and Address = IN9
XFR Type = ISO
Maximum Packet Size = 16 Bytes
Maximum Packet Size - High
Polling Interval in Milliseconds (1 for iso)
Length of this Endpoint Descriptor
Descriptor Type = Endpoint
Endpoint Direction (1 is in) and Address = OUT9
XFR Type = ISO
Maximum Packet Size = 16 Bytes
Maximum Packet Size - High
Polling Interval in Milliseconds (1 for iso)
Length of this Endpoint Descriptor
Descriptor Type = Endpoint
Endpoint Direction (1 is in) and Address = IN10
XFR Type = ISO
Maximum Packet Size = 16 Bytes
Maximum Packet Size - High
Polling Interval in Milliseconds (1 for iso)
Length of this Endpoint Descriptor
Descriptor Type = Endpoint
Endpoint Direction (1 is in) and Address = OUT10
XFR Type = ISO
Maximum Packet Size = 16 Bytes
Maximum Packet Size - High
Polling Interval in Milliseconds (1 for iso)

Chapter 5. EZ-USB FX Enumeration and ReNumeration

Value
07H
05H
88H
01H
10H
00H
01H
07H
05H
08H
01H
10H
00H
01H
07H
05H
89H
01H
10H
00H
01H
07H
05H
09H
01H
10H
00H
01H
07H
05H
8AH
01H
10H
00H
01H
07H
05H
0AH
01H
10H
00H
01H

Page 5-17

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Interface 0, Alternate Setting 1 has six isochronous endpoints with maximum packet sizes of 16
bytes. This is a low bandwidth setting.
Table 5-16. USB Default Interface 0, Alternate Setting 2 Descriptor
Offset
0

Field
bLength

Description
Length of the Interface Descriptor

Value
09H

bDescriptor Type Descriptor Type = Interface

04H

bInterfaceNumber

00H

bAlternateSetting Alternate Setting Value = 2

02H

bNumEndpoints

Number of Endpoints in this Interface (Not Counting

EPO) = 13

0DH

bInterfaceClass

Interface Class = Vendor Specific

FFH

bInterfaceSubClass

Interface Sub-class = Vendor Specific

FFH

bInterfaceProtocol

Interface Protocol = Vendor Specific

FFH

iInterface

Index to String Descriptor for this Interface = None

00H

Zero-based Index of this Interface = 0

Interface 0, Alternate Setting 2 has thirteen endpoints, whose individual descriptors follow the
interface descriptor. Alternate Setting 2 differs from Alternate Setting 1 in the maximum packet
sizes of its interrupt endpoint and two of its isochronous endpoints (EP8IN and EP8OUT).
Table 5-17. Default Interface 0, Alternate Setting 1, INT Endpoint Descriptor
Offset

Field

Description

Value

bLength

Length of this Endpoint Descriptor

07H

bDescriptorType

Descriptor Type = Endpoint

05H

bEndpointAddress

Endpoint Direction (1 is in) and Address = IN1

81H

bmAttributes

XFR Type = INT

03H

wMaxPacketSize (L)

Maximum Packet Size = 64 Bytes

40H

wMaxPacketSize (H)

Maximum Packet Size - High

00H

bInterval

Polling Interval in Milliseconds = 10 ms

0AH

Alternate Setting 2 for the Interrupt 1-IN increases the maximum packet size for the interrupt
endpoint to 64.

Page 5-18

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

Table 5-18. Default Interface 0, Alternate Setting 2, Bulk Endpoint Descriptors

Offset
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0
1
2
3
4
5
6

Field
bLength
bDescriptor Type
bEndpointAddress
bmAttributes
wMaxPacketSize (L)
wMaxPacketSize (H)
bInterval
bLength
bDescriptorType
bEndpointAddress
bmAttributes
wMaxPacketSize (L)
wMaxPacketSize (H)
bInterval
bLength
bDescriptorType
bEndpointAddress
bmAttributes
wMaxPacketSize (L)
wMaxPacketSize (H)
bInterval
bLength
bDescriptorType
bEndpointAddress
bmAttributes
wMaxPacketSize (L)
wMaxPacketSize (H)
bInterval
bLength
bDescriptorType
bEndpointAddress
bmAttributes
wMaxPacketSize (L)
wMaxPacketSize (H)
bInterval
bLength
bDescriptorType
bEndpointAddress
bmAttributes
wMaxPacketSize (L)
wMaxPacketSize (H)
bInterval

Description
Length of this Endpoint Descriptor
Descriptor Type = Endpoint
Endpoint Direction (1 is in) and Address = IN2
XFR Type = BULK
Maximum Packet Size = 64 Bytes
Maximum Packet Size - High
Polling Interval in Milliseconds
Length of this Endpoint Descriptor
Descriptor Type = Endpoint
Endpoint Direction (1 is in) and Address = OUT2
XFR Type = BULK
Maximum Packet Size = 64 Bytes
Maximum Packet Size - High
Polling Interval in Milliseconds
Length of this Endpoint Descriptor
Descriptor Type = Endpoint
Endpoint Direction (1 is in) and Address = IN4
XFR Type = BULK
Maximum Packet Size = 64 Bytes
Maximum Packet Size - High
Polling Interval in Milliseconds
Length of this Endpoint Descriptor
Descriptor Type = Endpoint
Endpoint Direction (1 is in) and Address = OUT4
XFR Type = ISO
Maximum Packet Size = 64 Bytes
Maximum Packet Size - High
Polling Interval in Milliseconds
Length of this Endpoint Descriptor
Descriptor Type = Endpoint
Endpoint Direction (1 is in) and Address = IN6
XFR Type = BULK
Maximum Packet Size = 64 Bytes
Maximum Packet Size - High
Polling Interval in Milliseconds
Length of this Endpoint Descriptor
Descriptor Type = Endpoint
Endpoint Direction (1 is in) and Address = OUT6
XFR Type = BULK
Maximum Packet Size = 64 Bytes
Maximum Packet Size - High
Polling Interval in Milliseconds

Chapter 5. EZ-USB FX Enumeration and ReNumeration

Value
07H
05H
82H
02H
40H
00H
00H
07H
05H
02H
02H
40H
00H
00H
07H
05H
84H
02H
40H
00H
00H
07H
05H
04H
02H
40H
00H
00H
07H
05H
86H
02H
40H
00H
00H
07H
05H
06H
02H
40H
00H
00H

Page 5-19

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

The bulk endpoints for Alternate Setting 2 are identical to Alternate Setting 1.
Table 5-19. Default Interface 0, Alternate Setting 2, ISO Endpoint Descriptors
Offset
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0
1
2
3
4
5
6

Page 5-20

Field
bLength
bDescriptorType
bEndpointAddress
bmAttributes
wMaxPacketSize (L)
wMaxPacketSize (H)
bInterval
bLength
bDescriptorType
bEndpointAddress
bmAttributes
wMaxPacketSize (L)
wMaxPacketSize (H)
bInterval
bLength
bDescriptorType
bEndpointAddress
bmAttributes
wMaxPacketSize (L)
wMaxPacketSize (H)
bInterval
bLength
bDescriptorType
bEndpointAddress
bmAttributes
wMaxPacketSize (L)
wMaxPacketSize (H)
bInterval
bLength
bDescriptorType
bEndpointAddress
bmAttributes
wMaxPacketSize (L)
wMaxPacketSize (H)
bInterval
bLength
bDescriptorType
bEndpointAddress
bmAttributes
wMaxPacketSize (L)
wMaxPacketSize (H)
bInterval

Description
Length of this Endpoint Descriptor
Descriptor Type = Endpoint
Endpoint Direction (1 is in) and Address = IN8
XFR Type = ISO
Maximum Packet Size = 256 Bytes
Maximum Packet Size - High
Polling Interval in Milliseconds (1 for iso)
Length of this Endpoint Descriptor
Descriptor Type = Endpoint
Endpoint Direction (1 is in) and Address = OUT8
XFR Type = ISO
Maximum Packet Size = 256 Bytes
Maximum Packet Size - High
Polling Interval in Milliseconds (1 for iso)
Length of this Endpoint Descriptor
Descriptor Type = Endpoint
Endpoint Direction (1 is in) and Address = IN9
XFR Type = ISO
Maximum Packet Size = 16 Bytes
Maximum Packet Size - High
Polling Interval in Milliseconds (1 for iso)
Length of this Endpoint Descriptor
Descriptor Type = Endpoint
Endpoint Direction (1 is in) and Address = OUT9
XFR Type = ISO
Maximum Packet Size = 16 Bytes
Maximum Packet Size - High
Polling Interval in Milliseconds (1 for iso)
Length of this Endpoint Descriptor
Descriptor Type = Endpoint
Endpoint Direction (1 is in) and Address = IN10
XFR Type = ISO
Maximum Packet Size = 16 Bytes
Maximum Packet Size - High
Polling Interval in Milliseconds (1 for iso)
Length of this Endpoint Descriptor
Descriptor Type = Endpoint
Endpoint Direction (1 is in) and Address = OUT10
XFR Type = ISO
Maximum Packet Size = 16 Bytes
Maximum Packet Size - High
Polling Interval in Milliseconds (1 for iso)

Value
07H
05H
88H
01H
00H
01H
01H
07H
05H
08H
01H
00H
01H
01H
07H
05H
89H
01H
10H
00H
01H
07H
05H
09H
01H
10H
00H
01H
07H
05H
8AH
01H
10H
00H
01H
07H
05H
0AH
01H
10H
00H
01H

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

The only differences between Alternate Settings 1 and 2 are the maximum packet sizes for EP8IN
and EP8OUT. This is a high-bandwidth setting.

Chapter 5. EZ-USB FX Enumeration and ReNumeration

Page 5-21

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Page 5-22

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

Chapter 6. EZ-USB FX Bulk Transfers

6.1

Introduction

A E
I D N
N D D
R P

C
R
C
5

Token Packet

D
A
T
A
0

Payload
Data

C
R
C
1
6

Data Packet

A
C
K
H/S Pkt

A E
I D N
N D D
R P

C
R
C
5

D
A
T
A
1

Token Packet

Payload
Data
Data Packet

C
R
C
1
6

A
C
K
H/S Pkt

Figure 6-1. Two BULK Transfers, IN and OUT

EZ-USB FX provides sixteen endpoints for BULK, CONTROL, and INTERRUPT transfers, numbered 0-7 as shown in Table 6-1 This chapter describes BULK and INTERRUPT transfers. INTERRUPT transfers are a special case of BULK transfers. EZ-USB FX CONTROL endpoint zero is
described in Chapter 9. "EZ-USB FX Endpoint Zero".
Table 6-1. EZ-USB FX Bulk, Control, and Interrupt Endpoints
Endpoint
0
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
5
6
6
7
7

Direction
Bidir
IN
OUT
IN
OUT
IN
OUT
IN
OUT
IN
OUT
IN
OUT
IN
OUT

Type
Control
Bulk/Int
Bulk/Int
Bulk/Int
Bulk/Int
Bulk/Int
Bulk/Int
Bulk/Int
Bulk/Int
Bulk/Int
Bulk/Int
Bulk/Int
Bulk/Int
Bulk/Int
Bulk/Int

Size
64/64
64
64
64
64
64
64
64
64
64
64
64
64
64
64

The USB Specification allows maximum packet sizes of 8, 16, 32, or 64 bytes for bulk data, and 1 64 bytes for interrupt data. EZ-USB FX provides the maximum 64 bytes of buffer space for each of

Chapter 6. EZ-USB FX Bulk Transfers

Page 6-1

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

its sixteen endpoints: 0-7 IN and 0-7 OUT. Six of the bulk endpoints, 2-IN, 4-IN, 6-IN, 2-OUT, 4OUT, and 6-OUT may be paired with the next consecutively numbered endpoint to provide doublebuffering. This allows one data packet to be serviced by the 8051, while another is in transit over
USB. Six endpoint pairing bits (USBPAIR Register) control double-buffering.
The 8051 sets fourteen endpoint valid bits (IN07VAL, OUT07VAL Registers) at initialization time to
tell the USB core which endpoints are active. The default CONTROL endpoint zero is always
valid.
Bulk data appears in RAM. Each bulk endpoint has a reserved 64-byte RAM space, a 7-bit count
register, and a 2-bit control and status (CS) register. The 8051 can read one bit of the CS Register
to determine endpoint busy, and write the other to force an endpoint STALL condition.

The 8051 should never read or write an endpoint buffer or byte count register while the
endpoints busy bit is set.
When an endpoint becomes ready for 8051 service, the USB core sets an interrupt request bit.
The EZ-USB FX vectored interrupt system separates the interrupt requests by endpoint to automatically transfer control to the ISR (Interrupt Service Routine) for the endpoint requiring service.
Chapter 12. "EZ-USB FX Interrupts" fully describes this mechanism.
Figure 6-2 illustrates the registers and bits associated with bulk transfers.

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

Registers Associated with a Bulk IN endpoint

(EP2IN shown as example)

Initialization
IN07VAL

Data transfer
2

IN2BUF

Endpoint Valid (1=valid)

USBPAIR

o67

o45

o23

i67

i45

64 Byte
Endpoint
Buffer

i23

Endpoint Pairing (1=paired)

IN07IEN

IN2BC
Byte Count

Interrupt Enable (1=enabled)

Busy and Stall

Interrupt Control

IN2CS

IN07IRQ

Control & Status

Interrupt Request (write 1 to clear)

Registers Associated with a Bulk OUT endpoint

(EP4OUT shown as example)

Initialization
OUT07VAL

Data transfer
2

OUT4BUF

Endpoint Valid (1=valid)

USBPAIR

o67

o45

o23

i67

i45

64 Byte
Endpoint
Buffer

i23

Endpoint Pairing (1=paired)

OUT07IEN

OUT4BC
Byte Count

Interrupt Enable (1=enabled)

Busy and Stall

OUT4CS

Interrupt Control
B

Control & Status

OUT07IRQ

Interrupt Request (write 1 to clear)

Figure 6-2. Registers Associated with Bulk Endpoints

Chapter 6. EZ-USB FX Bulk Transfers

Page 6-3

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Bulk IN Transfers

...

A
I D
N D
R

E
N
D
P

D
A
T
A
1

C
R
C
5

Token Packet

C
R
C
1
6

Payload
Data
Data Packet

...

H
A E
I D N
N D D
R P

C
R
C
5

Token Packet

A E
I D N
N D D
R P

A
C
K

C
R
C
5

Token Packet

H/S Pkt

(INnBC loaded)
4

..
.

N
A
K
H/S Pkt

EPnIN Interrupt, INnBSY=0

6

N
A
K

A E
I D N
N D D
R P

...

H/S Pkt

Load INnBC

C
R
C
5

Token Packet

H
D
A
T
A
0

Payload
Data
Data Packet

C
R
C
1
6

A
C
K

N ote:H =H ost,D =D evice (EZ-U SB)

6.2

H/S Pkt

EPnIN Interrupt, INnBSY=0

Figure 6-3. Anatomy of a Bulk IN Transfer

USB bulk IN data travels from device to host. The host requests an IN transfer by issuing an IN
token to the USB core, which responds with data when it is ready. The 8051 indicates ready by
loading the endpoints byte count register. If the USB core receives an IN token for an endpoint
that is not ready, it responds to the IN token with a NAK handshake.
In the bulk IN transfer illustrated in Figure 6-3, the 8051 has previously loaded an endpoint buffer
with a data packet, and then loaded the endpoints byte count register with the number of bytes in
the packet to arm the next IN transfer. This sets the endpoints BUSY Bit. The host issues an IN
token (1), to which the USB core responds by transmitting the data in the IN endpoint buffer (2).
When the host issues an ACK (3), indicating that the data has been received error-free, the USB
core clears the endpoints BUSY Bit and sets its interrupt request bit. This notifies the 8051 that
the endpoint buffer is empty. If this is a multi-packet transfer, the host then issues another IN token
to get the next packet.
If the second IN token (4) arrives before the 8051 has had time to fill the endpoint buffer, the EZ
USB core issues a NAK handshake, indicating busy (5). The host continues to send IN tokens (4)
and (7) until the data is ready. Eventually, the 8051 fills the endpoint buffer with data, and then

Page 6-4

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

loads the endpoints byte count register (INnBC) with the number of bytes in the packet (6). Loading the byte count re-arms the given endpoint. When the next IN token arrives (7) the USB core
transfers the next data packet (8).

6.3

Interrupt Transfers

Interrupt transfers are handled just like bulk transfers.

The only difference between a bulk endpoint and an interrupt endpoint exists in the endpoint
descriptor, where the endpoint is identified as type interrupt, and a polling interval is specified. The
polling interval determines how often the USB host issues IN/OUT tokens to the interrupt endpoint.

6.4

EZ-USB FX Bulk IN Example

Suppose 220 bytes are to be transferred to the host using endpoint 6-IN. Further assume that
MaxPacketSize of 64 bytes for endpoint 6-IN has been reported to the host during enumeration.
Because the total transfer size exceeds the maximum packet size, the 8051 divides the 220-byte
transfer into four transfers of 64, 64, 64, and 28 bytes.
After loading the first 64 bytes into IN6BUF (at 0x7C00), the 8051 loads the byte count register
IN6BC with the value 64. Writing the byte count register instructs the EZ-USB core to respond to
the next host IN token by transmitting the 64 bytes in the buffer. Until the byte count register is
loaded to arm the IN transfer, any IN tokens issued by the host are answered by EZ-USB FX with
NAK (Not-Acknowledge) tokens, telling the USB host that the endpoint is not yet ready with data.
The host continues to issue IN tokens to endpoint 6-IN until data is ready for transferwhereupon
the USB core replaces NAKs with valid data.
When the 8051 initiates an IN transfer by loading the endpoints byte count register, the EZ-USB
core sets a busy bit to instruct the 8051 to hold off loading IN6BUF until the USB transfer is finished. When the IN transfer is complete and successfully acknowledged, the EZ-USB core resets
the endpoint 6-IN busy bit and generates an endpoint 6-IN interrupt request. If the endpoint 6-IN
interrupt is enabled, program control automatically vectors to the data transfer routine for further
action (Autovectoring is enabled by setting AVEN=1. Refer to Chapter 12. "EZ-USB FX Interrupts").
The 8051 now loads the next 64 bytes into IN6BUF and then loads the EPINBC Register with 64
for the next two transfers. For the last portion of the transfer, the 8051 loads the final 28 bytes into
IN6BUF, and loads IN6BC with 28. This completes the transfer.

Chapter 6. EZ-USB FX Bulk Transfers

Page 6-5

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Initialization
When the EZ-USB FX chip comes out of RESET, or when the USB host issues a bus reset,
the EZ-USB core unarms IN endpoint 1-7 by setting their busy bits to 0. Any IN transfer
requests are NAKd until the 8051 loads the appropriate INxBC Register(s). The endpoint
valid bits are not affected by an 8051 reset or a USB reset. Chapter 13. "EZ-USB FX Resets"
describes the various reset conditions in detail.
The EZ-USB core takes care of USB housekeeping chores, such as handshake verification. When
an endpoint 6-IN interrupt occurs, the user is assured that the data loaded by the 8051 into the
endpoint buffer was received error-free by the host. The EZ-USB core automatically checks the
handshake information from the host and re-transmits the data, if the host indicates an error by not
ACKing.

6.5

Bulk OUT Transfers

USB bulk OUT data travels from host to device. The host requests an OUT transfer by issuing an
OUT token to EZ-USB FX, followed by a packet of data. The USB core then responds with an
ACK, if it correctly received the data. If the endpoint buffer is not ready to accept data, the USB
core discards the hosts OUT data and returns a NAK token, indicating not ready. In response,
the host continues to send OUT tokens and data to the endpoint until the USB core responds with
an ACK.

A E
O
D N
U
D D
T
R P

D
A
T
A
1

C
R
C
5

Payload
Data

(OUTnBC loaded,
OUTnBSY=1)
4

A E
O
D N
U
D D
T
R P

C
R
C
5

Token Packet

H
C
R
C
5

D
A
T
A
0

Token Packet

H/S Pkt

Payload
Data

C
R
C
1
6

Data Packet

N
A
K
H/S Pkt

EPnOUT Interrupt,
OUTnBSY=0
6

D
A
T
A
0

A E
O
D N
U
D D
T
R P

A
C
K

Data Packet

Token Packet

..
.

C
R
C
1
6

C
R
C
1
6

Payload
Data
Data Packet

N
A
K
H/S Pkt

A E
O
D N
U
D D
T
R P

C
R
C
5

Token Packet

Load OUTnBC (any value),

causes OUTnBSY=1

D
A
T
A
0

D
Payload
Data
Data Packet

C
R
C
1
6

A
C
K

..
.

N ote:H =H ost,D =D evice (EZ-U SB)

...

H/S Pkt

EPnOUT Interrupt,
OUTnBSY=0

Figure 6-4. Anatomy of a Bulk OUT Transfer

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

Each EZ-USB FX bulk OUT endpoint has a byte count register, which serves two purposes. The
8051 reads the byte count register to determine how many bytes were received during the last
OUT transfer from the host. The 8051 writes the byte count register (with any value) to tell the
USB core that is has finished reading bytes from the buffer, making the buffer available to accept
the next OUT transfer. The OUT endpoints come up (after reset) armed, so the byte count register
writes are required only for OUT transfers after the first one.
In the bulk OUT transfer illustrated in Figure 6-4, the 8051 has previously loaded the endpoints
byte count register with any value to arm receipt of the next OUT transfer. Loading the byte count
register causes the EZ-USB core to set the OUT endpoints busy bit to 1, indicating that the 8051
should not use the endpoints buffer.
The host issues an OUT token (1), followed by a packet of data (2), which the USB core acknowledges, clears the endpoints busy bit and generates an interrupt request (3). This notifies the 8051
that the endpoint buffer contains valid USB data. The 8051 reads the endpoints byte count register
to find out how many bytes were sent in the packet, and transfers that many bytes out of the endpoint buffer.
In a multi-packet transfer, the host then issues another OUT token (4) along with the next data
packet (5). If the 8051 has not finished emptying the endpoint buffer, the EZ-USB FX host issues a
NAK, indicating busy (6). The data at (5) is shaded to indicate that the USB core discards it, and
does not over-write the data in the endpoints OUT buffer.
The host continues to send OUT tokens (4, 5, and 6) that are greeted by NAKs until the buffer is
ready. Eventually, the 8051 empties the endpoint buffer data, and then loads the endpoints byte
count register (7) with any value to re-arm the USB core. Once armed and when the next OUT
token arrives (8) the USB core accepts the next data packet (9).
Initializing OUT Endpoints
When the EZ-USB FX chip comes out of reset, or when the USB host issues a bus reset, the
USB core arms OUT endpoints 1-7 by setting their busy bits to 1. Therefore, they are initially
ready to accept one OUT transfer from the host. Subsequent OUT transfers are NAKd until
the appropriate OUTnBC Register is loaded to re-arm the endpoint.

The EZ-USB core takes care of USB housekeeping chores such as CRC checks and data toggle
PIDs. When an endpoint 6-OUT interrupt occurs and the busy bit is cleared, the user is assured
that the data in the endpoint buffer was received error-free from the host. The USB core automatically checks for errors, and requests the host to re-transmit data if it detects any errors using the
built-in USB error checking mechanisms (CRC checks and data toggles).

Chapter 6. EZ-USB FX Bulk Transfers

Page 6-7

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

6.6

Endpoint Pairing
Table 6-2. Endpoint Pairing Bits (in the USB PAIR Register)
Bit
Name

PR6OUT PR4OUT

PR2OUT

PR6IN

PR4IN

PR2IN

Paired

6 OUT

4 OUT

2 OUT

6 IN

4 IN

2 IN

Endpoints

7 OUT

5 OUT

3 OUT

7 IN

5 IN

3 IN

The 8051 sets endpoint pairing bits to 1 to enable double-buffering of the bulk endpoint buffers.
With double-buffering enabled, the 8051 can operate on one data packet while another is being
transferred over USB. The endpoint busy and interrupt request bits function identically, so the
8051 code requires little code modification to support double-buffering.
When an endpoint is paired, the 8051 uses only the even-numbered endpoint of the pair. The
8051 should not use the paired odd endpoint. For example, suppose it is desired to use endpoint
2-IN as a double-buffered endpoint. This pairs the IN2BUF and IN3BUF buffers, although the
8051 accesses the IN2BUF buffer only. The 8051 sets PR2IN=1 (in the USBPAIR Register) to
enable pairing; sets IN2VAL=1 (in the IN07VAL Register) to make the endpoint valid; and then
uses the IN2BUF buffer for all data transfers. The 8051 should not write the IN3VAL Bit, enable
IN3 interrupts, access the EP3IN buffer, or load the IN3BC byte count register.

6.7

Paired IN Endpoint Status

INnBSY=1 indicates that both endpoint buffers are in use, and the 8051 should not load new IN
data into the endpoint buffer. When INnBSY=0, either one or both of the buffers is available for
loading by the 8051. The 8051 can keep an internal count that increments on EPnIN interrupts
and decrements on byte count loads to determine whether one or two buffers are free. Or, the
8051 can simply check for INnBSY=0 after loading a buffer (and loading its byte count register to
re-arm the endpoint) to determine if the other buffer is free.

If an IN endpoint is paired and it is desired to clear the busy bit for that endpoint, do the
following: (a) write any value to the even endpoints byte count register twice, and (b) clear
the busy bit for both endpoints in the pair. This is the only code difference between paired
and unpaired use of an IN endpoint.
A bulk IN endpoint interrupt request is generated whenever a packet is successfully transmitted
over USB. The interrupt request is independent of the busy bit. If both buffers are filled and one is
sent, the busy bit transitions from 1 to 0. If one buffer is filled and then sent, the busy bit starts and
remains at 0. In either case, an interrupt request is generated to tell the 8051 that a buffer is free.

Page 6-8

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

6.8

Paired OUT Endpoint Status

OUTnBSY=1 indicates that both endpoint buffers are empty, and no data is available to the 8051.
When OUTnBSY=0, either one or both of the buffers holds USB OUT data. The 8051 can keep an
internal count that increments on EPnOUT interrupts and decrements on byte count loads to determine whether one or two buffers contain data. Or, the 8051 can simply check for OUTnBSY=0
after unloading a buffer (and loading its byte count register to re-arm the endpoint) to determine if
the other buffer contains data.

6.9

Reusing Bulk Buffer Memory

Table 6-3. EZ-USB FX Endpoint 0-7 Buffer Addresses
Endpoint
Buffer
IN0BUF
OUT0BUF
IN1BUF
OUT1BUF
IN2BUF
OUT2BUF
IN3BUF
OUT3BUF
IN4BUF
OUT4BUF
IN5BUF
OUT5BUF
IN6BUF
OUT6BUF
IN7BUF
OUT7BUF

Address

Mirrored

7F00-7F3F
7EC0-7EFF
7E80-7EBF
7E40-7E7F
7E00-7E3F
7DC0-7DFF
7D80-7DBF
7D40-7D7F
7D00-7D3F
7CC0-7CFF
7C80-7CBF
7C40-7C7F
7C00-7C3F
7BC0-7BFF
7B80-7BBF
7B40-7B7F

1F00-1F3F
1EC0-1EFF
1E80-1EBF
1E40-1E7F
1E00-1E3F
1DC0-1DFF
1D80-1DBF
1D40-1D7F
1D00-1D3F
1CC0-1CFF
1C80-1CBF
1C40-1C7F
1C00-1C3F
1BC0-1BFF
1B80-1BBF
1B40-1B7F

Table 6-3 shows the RAM locations for the sixteen 64-byte buffers for endpoints 0-7 IN and OUT.
These buffers are positioned at the bottom of the EZ-USB FX register space so that any buffers not
used for endpoints can be reclaimed as general purpose data RAM. The top of memory for the 8KB EZ-USB FX part is at 0x1B3F. However, if the endpoints are allocated in ascending order, starting with the lowest numbered endpoints, the higher numbered unused endpoints can effectively
move the top of memory to utilize the unused endpoint buffer RAM as data memory. For example,
an application that uses endpoint 1-IN, 2-IN/OUT (paired), 4-IN and 4-OUT can use 0x1B400x1CBF as data memory. Chapter 3. "EZ-USB FX Memory" provides full details of the EZ-USB FX
memory map.

Chapter 6. EZ-USB FX Bulk Transfers

Page 6-9

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Uploads or Downloads to unused bulk memory can be done only at the Mirrored (low)
addresses shown in Table 6-3.

6.10 Data Toggle Control

The EZ-USB core automatically maintains the data toggle bits during bulk, control and interrupt
transfers. As explained in Chapter 1. "Introducing EZ-USB FX", the toggle bits are used to detect
certain transmission errors so that erroneous data can be re-sent.
In certain circumstances, the host resets its data toggle to DATA0:

After sending a Clear_Feature: Endpoint Stall request to an endpoint.

After setting a new interface.

After selecting a new alternate setting.

In these cases, the 8051 can directly clear the data toggle for each of the bulk/interrupt/control
endpoints, using the TOGCTL Register (Figure 6-5).

TOGCTL

Data Toggle Control

7FD7

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

IO

EP2

EP1

EP0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 6-5. Bulk Endpoint Toggle Control

The I/O bit selects the endpoint direction (1=IN, 0=OUT), and the EP2-EP1-EP0 Bits select the
endpoint number. The Q Bit, which is read-only, indicates the state of the data toggle for the
selected endpoint. Writing R=1 sets the data toggle to DATA0, and writing S=1 sets the data toggle
to DATA1.

Currently, there appears to be no reason to set a data toggle to DATA1. The S Bit is provided for generality.

Page 6-10

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

To clear an endpoints data toggle, the 8051 performs the following sequence:
1. Selects the endpoint by writing the value 000D0EEE binary to the TOGCTL Register, where D
is the direction and EEE is the endpoint number.
2. Clears the toggle bit by writing the value 001D0EEE binary to the TOGCTL Register.
After Step 1, the 8051 may read the state of the data toggle by reading the TOGCTL Register
checking Bit 7.

6.11 Polled Bulk Transfer Example

The following code sample illustrates the EZ-USB FX registers used for a simple bulk transfer. In
this example, 8051 Register R1 keeps track of the number of endpoint 2-IN transfers and Register
R2 keeps track of the number of endpoint 2-OUT transfers (mod-256). Every endpoint 2-IN transfer consists of 64 bytes of a decrementing count, with the first byte replaced by the number of IN
transfers and the second byte replaced by the number of OUT transfers.

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33

start:

fill:

mov
mov
mov
mov
movx
inc
djnz

SP,#STACK-1
dptr,#IN2BUF
r7,#64
a,r7
@dptr,a
dptr
r7,fill

; set stack
; fill EP2IN buffer with
; decrementing counter

mov
mov
mov
mov
movx

r1,#0
r2,#0
dptr,#IN2BC
a,#40h
@dptr,a

;
;
;
;
;

mov
a,@dptr
jnb
mov
movx
jb

dptr,#IN2CS

; poll the EP2-IN Status

acc.1,serviceIN2
dptr,#OUT2CS
a,@dptr
acc.1,loop

; not busy--service endpoint

inc
mov
movx
sjmp

r2
dptr,#OUT2BC
@dptr,a
loop

; OUT packet counter

; load byte count Register to re-arm
; (any value)

inc
mov
mov
movx
inc

r1
dptr,#IN2BUF
a,r1
@dptr,a
dptr

; IN packet counter
; update the first data byte
; in EP2IN buffer

;
loop:
movx

r1 is IN token counter
r2 is OUT token counter
Point to EP2 Byte Count Register
64-byte transfer
arm the IN2 transfer

; EP2OUT is busy--keep looping

;
serviceOUT2:

;
serviceIN2:

Chapter 6. EZ-USB FX Bulk Transfers

; second byte in buffer

Page 6-11

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

34
35
36
37
38
39
40 ;
41

mov
movx
mov
mov
movx
sjmp

a,r2
@dptr,a
dptr,#IN2BC
a,#40h
@dptr,a
loop

; get number of OUT packets

; point to EP2IN Byte Count Register
; load bc=64 to re-arm IN2

END

Figure 6-6. Example Code for a Simple (Polled) BULK Transfer

The code at lines 2-7 fills the endpoint 2-IN buffer with 64 bytes of a decrementing count. Two 8-bit
counts are initialized to zero at lines 9 and 10. An endpoint 2-IN transfer is armed at lines 11-13,
which load the endpoint 2-IN byte count register IN2BC with 64. Then, the program enters a polling loop at lines 15-20, where it checks two flags for endpoint 2 servicing. Lines 15-17 check the
endpoint 2-IN busy bit in IN2CS Bit 1. Lines 18-20 check the endpoint 2-OUT busy bit in OUT2CS
Bit 1. When busy=1, the EZ-USB core is currently using the endpoint buffers, and the 8051 should
not access them. When busy=0, new data is ready for service by the 8051.
For both IN and OUT endpoints, the busy bit is set when the EZ-USB core is using the buffers, and
cleared by loading the endpoints byte count register. The byte count value is meaningful for IN
transfers because it tells the USB core how many bytes to transfer in response to the next IN
token. The 8051 can load any byte count OUT transfers, because only the act of loading the register is significantloading OUTnBC arms the OUT transfer and sets the endpoints busy bit.
When an OUT packet arrives in OUT2BUF, the service routine at lines 22-26 increments R2, loads
the byte count (any value) into OUT2BC to re-arm the endpoint (lines 24-25), and jumps back to
the polling routine. This program does not use OUT2BUF data. It simply counts the number of
endpoint 2-OUT transfers.
When endpoint 2-IN is ready for the 8051 to load another packet into IN2BUF, the polling loop
jumps to the endpoint 2-IN service routine at lines 28-39. First, R1 is incremented (line 29). The
data pointer is set to IN2BUF at line 30, and Register R1 is loaded into the first byte of the buffer
(lines 31-32). The data pointer is advanced to the second byte of IN2BUF at line 33, and Register
R2 is loaded into the buffer (lines 34-35). Finally, the byte count 40H (64 decimal bytes) is loaded
into the byte count Register IN2BC to arm the next IN transfer at lines 36-38, and the routine
returns the polling loop.

6.12 Enumeration Note

The code in the example listed above is complete, and it runs on the EZ-USB FX chip. You may be
wondering about the missing step, which reports the endpoint characteristics to the host during the
enumeration process. The reason this code runs without any enumeration code is that the EZUSB FX chip comes on as a fully-functional USB device with certain endpoints already configured
and reported to the host. Endpoint 2 is included in this default configuration. The full default configuration is described in Chapter 5. "EZ-USB FX Enumeration & ReNumeration".

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6.13 Bulk Endpoint Interrupts

All USB interrupts activate the 8051 INT 2 interrupt. If enabled, INT2 interrupts cause the 8051 to
push the current program counter onto the stack, and then execute a jump to location 0x43, where
the programmer has inserted a jump instruction to the interrupt service routine (ISR). If the AVEN
(Autovector Enable) bit is set, the USB core inserts a special byte at location 0x45, which directs
the jump instruction to a table of jump instructions that transfer control the endpoint-specific ISR.
Table 6-4. 8051 INT2 Interrupt Vector
Location
0x43
0x44
0x45

Op-Code
02
AddrH
AddrL*

Instruction
LJMP

*Replaced by EZ-USB Core if AVEN=1.

The byte inserted by the EZ-USB core at address 0x45 depends on which bulk endpoint requires
service. Table 6-5 shows all INT2 vectors, with the bulk endpoint vectors shaded.
Table 6-5. Byte Inserted by USB Core at Location 0x45 if AVEN=1
Interrupt
SUDAV
SOF
SUTOK
SUSPEND
USBRES
Reserved
EP0-IN
EP0-OUT
EP1-IN
EP1OUT
EP2IN
EP2OUT
EP3-IN
EP3-OUT
EP4-IN
EP4-OUT
EP5-IN
EP5-OUT
EP6-IN
EP6-OUT
EP7-IN
EP7-OUT

Inserted Byte at
0x45
0x00
0x04
0x08
0x0C
0x10
0x14
0x18
0x1C
0x20
0x24
0x28
0x2C
0x30
0x34
0x38
0x3C
0x40
0x44
0x48
0x4C
0x50
0x54

The vector values are four bytes apart. This allows the programmer to build a jump table to each of
the interrupt service routines. Note that the jump table must begin on a page (256 byte) boundary

Chapter 6. EZ-USB FX Bulk Transfers

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

because the first vector starts at 00. If Autovectoring is not used (AVEN=0), the IVEC Register
may be directly inspected to determine the USB interrupt source. (See Section 12.11. "Autovector
Coding").
Each bulk endpoint interrupt has an associated interrupt enable bit (in IN07IEN and OUT07IEN),
and an interrupt request bit (in IN07IRQ and OUT07IRQ). These IRQ bits can be cleared by writing to the INT2CLR SFR Register.

Any USB ISR should clear the 8051 INT2 interrupt request bit before clearing any of the
EZ-USB FX endpoint IRQ bits, to avoid losing interrupts. Interrupts are discussed in more
detail in Chapter 12. "EZ-USB FX Interrupts"
Individual interrupt request bits are cleared by writing 1 to them to simplify code. For
example, to clear the endpoint 2-IN IRQ, simply write 0000100 to IN07IRQ. This will not
disturb the other interrupt request bits. Do not read the contents of IN07IRQ, logical-OR
the contents with 01, and write it back. This clears all other pending interrupts because
you are writing 1s to them.

6.14 Interrupt Bulk Transfer Example

This following simple (but fully-functional) example illustrates the bulk transfer mechanism using
interrupts. In the example program, BULK endpoint 6 is used to loop data back to the host. Data
sent by the host over endpoint 6-OUT is sent back over endpoint 6-IN.

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

1. Set up the jump table.

CSEG

AT 300H

; any page boundary

ljmp
db
ljmp
db
ljmp
db
ljmp
db
ljmp
db
ljmp
db
ljmp
db
ljmp
db
ljmp
db
ljmp
db
ljmp
db
ljmp
db
ljmp
db
ljmp
db
ljmp
db
ljmp
db
ljmp
db
ljmp
db
ljmp
db
ljmp
db
ljmp
db
ljmp
db

SUDAV_ISR
0
SOF_ISR
0
SUTOK_ISR
0
SUSP_ISR
0
URES_ISR
0
IBN_ISR
0
EP0IN_ISR
0
EP0OUT_ISR
0
EP1IN_ISR
0
EP1OUT_ISR
0
EP2IN_ISR
0
EP2OUT_ISR
0
EP3IN_ISR
0
EP3OUT_ISR
0
EP4IN_ISR
0
EP4OUT_ISR
0
EP5IN_ISR
0
EP5OUT_ISR
0
EP6IN_ISR
0
EP6OUT_ISR
0
EP7IN_ISR
0
EP7OUT_ISR
0

; SETUP Data Available

; make a 4-byte entry
; SOF

USB_Jump_Table:

; SETUP Data Loading

; Global Suspend
; USB Reset

; Used by this example

; Used by this example

Figure 6-7. Interrupt Jump Table

This table contains all of the USB interrupts, even though only the jumps for endpoint 6 are
used for the example. It is convenient to include this table in any USB application that uses
interrupts. Be sure to locate this table on a page boundary.

Chapter 6. EZ-USB FX Bulk Transfers

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

2. Write the INT2 interrupt vector.

; ----------------; Interrupt Vectors

; ----------------org
ljmp

43h
USB_Jump_Table

; int2 is the USB vector

; Autovector will replace byte 45

Figure 6-8. INT2 Interrupt Vector

3. Write the interrupt service routine.
Put it anywhere in memory and the jump table in step 1 will automatically jump to it.

; ----------------------------; USB Interrupt Service Routine

; ----------------------------EP6OUT_ISR
push
acc
;
mov
a,EXIF
; clear INT2 (USB) IRQ flag
clr
acc.4
mov
EXIF,a
;
mov
INT2CLR,a
; use whatever value is in acc
;
setb
got_EP6-DATA
; Do Interrupt processing here set flags, whatever . . .
;
spend time here or not
pop
acc
reti

Figure 6-9. Interrupt Service Routine (ISR) for Endpoint 6-OUT

In this example, the ISR simply sets the 8051 flag got_EP6_data to indicate to the background program that the endpoint requires service.

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4. Write the endpoint 6 transfer program.

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37

loop:

jnb
clr

got_EP6_data,loop
got_EP6_data

; clear my flag
;
; The user sent bytes to OUT6 endpoint using the USB Control Panel.
; Find out how many bytes were sent.
;
mov
dptr,#OUT6BC
; point to OUT6 byte count register
movx
a,@dptr
; get the value
mov
r7,a
; stash the byte count
mov
r6,a
; save here also
;
; Transfer the bytes received on the OUT6 endpoint to the IN6 endpoint
; buffer. Number of bytes in r6 and r7.
;
mov
dptr,#OUT6BUF
; first data pointer points to EP2OUT buffer
inc
dps
; select the second data pointer
mov
dptr,#IN6BUF
; second data pointer points to EP2IN buffer
inc
dps
; back to first data pointer
transfer: movx
a,@dptr
; get OUT byte
inc
dptr
; bump the pointer
inc
dps
; second data pointer
movx
@dptr,a
; put into IN buffer
inc
dptr
; bump the pointer
inc
dps
; first data pointer
djnz
r7,transfer
;
; Load the byte count into IN6BC. This arms in IN transfer
;
mov
dptr,#IN6BC
mov
a,r6
; get other saved copy of byte count
movx
@dptr,a
; this arms the IN transfer
;
; Load any byte count into OUT6BC. This arms the next OUT transfer.
;
mov
dptr,#OUT6BC
movx
@dptr,a
; use whatever is in acc
sjmp
loop
; start checking for another OUT6 packet

Figure 6-10. Background Program Transfers Endpoint 6-OUT Data to Endpoint 6-IN
The main program loop tests the got_EP6_data flag, waiting until it is set by the endpoint 6
OUT interrupt service routine in Figure 6-10. This indicates that a new data packet has arrived
in OUT6BUF. Then the service routine is entered, where the flag is cleared in line 2. The number of bytes received in OUT6BUF is retrieved from the OUT6BC Register (Endpoint 6 Byte
Count) and saved in Registers R6 and R7 in lines 7-10.
The dual data pointers are initialized to the source (OUT6BUF) and destination (IN6BUF) buffers for the data transfer in lines 15-18. These labels represent the start of the 64-byte buffers
for endpoint 6-OUT and endpoint 6-IN, respectively. Each byte is read from the OUT6BUF
buffer and written to the IN6BUF buffer in lines 19-25. The saved value of OUT6BC is used as
a loop counter in R7 to transfer the exact number of bytes that were received over endpoint 6OUT.

Chapter 6. EZ-USB FX Bulk Transfers

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

When the transfer is complete, the program loads the endpoint 6-IN byte count Register
IN6BC with the number of loaded bytes (from R6) to arm the next endpoint 6-IN transfer in
lines 29-31. Finally, the 8051 loads any value into the endpoint 6 OUT byte count Register
OUT6BC to arm the next OUT transfer in lines 35-36. Then the program loops back to check
for more endpoint 6-OUT data.

DMA cannot be used for this Loopback since the source and destination would be in the
same RAM block.
5. Initialize the endpoints and enable the interrupts.

start:
mov
SP,#STACK-1
; set stack
;
; Enable USB interrupts and Autovector
;
mov
dptr,#USBBAV
; enable Autovector
movx
a,@dptr
setb
acc.0
; AVEN bit is bit 0
movx
@dptr,a
;
movx
dptr,#USBBAV
movx
a, @dptr
setb
acc.4
; enable the SFR-clearing feature
movx
@dptr, a
; for INT2
;
mov
dptr,#OUT07IEN
; EP0-7 OUT int enables Register
;
mov
a,#01000000b
; set bit 6 for EP6OUT interrupt enable
movx
@dptr,a
; enable EP6OUT interrupt
;
; Enable INT2 and 8051 global interrupts
;
setb
ex2
; enable int2 (USB interrupt)
setb
EA
; enable 8051 interrupts
clr
got_EP6_data
; clear my flag

Figure 6-11. Initialization Routine

The initialization routine sets the stack pointer, and enables the EZ-USB FX Autovector by setting USBBAV.0 to 1. Then it enables the endpoint 6-OUT interrupt, all USB interrupts (INT2),
and the 8051 global interrupt (EA) and finally clears the flag indicating that endpoint 6-OUT
requires service.
Once this structure is put into place, it is quite easy to service any or all of the bulk endpoints.
To add service for endpoint 2-IN, for example, simply write an endpoint 2-IN interrupt service
routine with starting address EP2IN_ISR (to match the address in the jump table in step 1),
and add its valid and interrupt enable bits to the init routine.

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6.15 Enumeration Note

The code in the previous example is complete, and runs on the EZ-USB FX chip. You may be wondering about the missing step, which reports the endpoint characteristics to the host during the
enumeration process. The reason this code runs without any enumeration code is that the EZ-USB
FX chip comes on as a fully-functional USB device with certain endpoints already configured and
reported to the host. Endpoint 6 is included in this default configuration. The full default configuration is described in Chapter 5. "EZ-USB FX Enumeration & ReNumeration".
Portions of the above code are not necessary for the default configuration (such as setting the
endpoint valid bits), but the code is included to illustrate all of the EZ-USB FX registers used for
bulk transfers

6.16 The Autopointer

Bulk endpoint data is available in 64-byte buffers in EZ-USB FX RAM. In some cases it is preferable to access bulk data as a FIFO register rather than as a RAM. The EZ-USB core provides a
special data pointer that automatically increments when data is transferred. Using this Autopointer,
the 8051 can access any contiguous block of internal EZ-USB FX RAM or off-chip memory as a
FIFO.

AUTOPTRH

Autopointer Address High

7FE3

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

A15

A14

A13

A12

A11

A10

A9

A8

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

AUTOPTRL

Autopointer Address Low

7FE4

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

A7

A6

A5

A4

A3

A2

A1

A0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Chapter 6. EZ-USB FX Bulk Transfers

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

AUTODATA

Autopointer Data

7FE5

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

D7

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 6-12. Autopointer Registers

The 8051 first loads AUTOPTRH and AUTOPTRL with a RAM address (for example the address
of a bulk endpoint buffer). Then, as the 8051 reads or writes data to the data Register AUTODATA, the address is supplied by AUTOPTRH/L, which automatically increments after every read
or write to the AUTODATA Register. The AUTOPTRH/L Registers may be written or read at anytime. These registers maintain the current pointer address, so the 8051 can read them to determine where the next byte will be read or written.
The 8051 code example in Figure 6-13 uses the Autopointer to transfer a block of eight data bytes
from the endpoint 4 OUT buffer to internal 8051 memory.

Init:

;
loop:

mov
mov
movx
mov
mov
movx
mov
mov
mov

dptr,#AUTOPTRH
a,#HIGH(OUT4BUF)
@dptr,a
dptr,#AUTOPTRL
a,#LOW(OUT4BUF)
@dptr,a
dptr,#AUTODATA
r0,#80H
r2,#8

movx
mov
inc

a,@dptr
@r0,a
r0

djnz

r2,loop

; High portion of OUT4BUF buffer

; Load AUTOPTRH
;
;
;
;
;

Low portion of OUT4BUF buffer address

Load AUTOPTRL
point to the fifo Register
store data in upper 128 bytes of 8051 RAM
loop counter

;
;
;
;
;

get a fifo byte

store it
bump destination pointer
(NOTE: no inc dptr required here)
do it eight times

Figure 6-13. Use of the Autopointer

As the comment in the second to last line indicates, the Autopointer saves an inc dptr instruction
that would be necessary if one of the 8051 data pointers were used to access the OUT4BUF RAM
data. This improves the transfer time.

The Autopointer works only with internal program/data RAM. It does not work with memory outside the chip, or with internal RAM that is made available when ISODISAB=1. See
Section 10.6.1. "Disable ISO" for a description of the ISODISAB bit.

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The EZ-USB FX chip should never be a speed bottleneck in a USB system since it can DMA Data
at 24Mhz. It also gives the 8051 ample time for other processing duties between endpoint buffer
loads.
The Autopointer can be used to quickly move data anywhere in RAM, not just the bulk endpoint
buffers. For example, it can be used to good effect in an application that calls for transferring a
block of data into RAM, processing the data, and then transferring the data to a bulk endpoint
buffer.

Chapter 6. EZ-USB FX Bulk Transfers

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

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Chapter 7. EZ-USB FX Slave FIFOs

7.1

Introduction

8051 Registers

Slave FIFOS

Device Pins
ASEL

sel
AOUTDATA

Aout

AFI[7..0] (PORTB pins)

AOE
sel

AINDATA

Ain

BSEL
sel
BOUTDATA

Bout

BFI[7..0] (PORTD pins)

BOE
sel

BINDATA

Bin

SLRD
SLWR
XCLK

Figure 7-1. The Four 64-Byte Slave FIFOs Configured for 16-Bit Mode
Figure 7-1 illustrates the four slave FIFOs in EZ-USB FX. The slave FIFOs, each 64 bytes in
length, serve as general-purpose buffers between external logic and 8051 registers. They are
called slave FIFOs because the outside logic can supply the timing signals. The FIFOs are

Chapter 7. EZ-USB FX Slave FIFOs

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

grouped into identical A and B pairs, each pair having an IN and OUT FIFO. Figure 7-1 illustrates
16-bit mode, in which outside logic can read or write data either independently or simultaneously
from/to the two 8-bit FIFOs.

7.1.1 8051 FIFO Access

The 8051 accesses the slave FIFOs using four registers in XDATA memory: AOUTDATA, AINDATA, BOUTDATA, and BINDATA. These registers can be read and written by 8051 code (using
the MOVX instruction), or they can serve as sources and destinations for the DMA mechanism,
built into the EZ-USB FX. Section 7.2. "Slave FIFO Register Descriptions" describes these registers in detail.

7.1.2 External Logic FIFO Access

External logic can access the slave FIFOs either asynchronously or synchronously:

AsynchronousSLRD and SLWR pins are read and write strobes.

SynchronousSLRD and SLWR pins are enables for the XCLK clock pin.

External logic accesses the FIFOs through two 8-bit data buses, which double as general-purpose
I/O ports PORTB and PORTD. When used for FIFO access, the data buses are bi-directional, with
output drivers controlled by the AOE and BOE pins.
Two FIFO select signals, ASEL and BSEL, are used to select the FIFO in two modes that use both
FIFOs: 8-bit mode, and double-byte mode. These modes and the role of the ASEL and BSEL pins
are illustrated in Figure 7-2 and Figure 7-3.

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7.1.3 ASEL, BSEL in 8-Bit Mode

Aout

CS

ASEL
AFI[7..0] (PORTB pins)

Ain

Bout

CS

CS

AOE

BSEL
PD[7..0] (PORTD pins)
or

Bin

CS

BFI[7..0]for
forGPIF
GPIF
GDB[7..0]

XCLK
SLRD
SLWR

Figure 7-2. Slave FIFOs in 8-Bit Mode

In 8-bit mode, data from the PORTB pins can be read/written from either the A or B FIFOs, as
selected by the ASEL and BSEL pins. In 8-bit mode, the input/output port or GPIF data is available
on the PORTD pins.

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

7.1.4 ASEL, BSEL in Double-Byte Mode

Aout

CS

ASEL
L

AFI[7..0] (PORTB pins)

AOE

Ain

CS
M

BFI[7..0] (PORTD pins)

BOE
BSEL

"LO"

Figure 7-3. Double-Byte Mode with A-FIFO Selected

Figure 7-3 illustrates double-byte mode. For this illustration, signals ASEL, BSEL, AOE, and BOE
are programmed to be active high polarity. In this mode, the ASEL and BSEL pins determine
which of the FIFO pairs, A or B, accept or transmit interleaved byte data, as follows:

The IN FIFO receives 16-bit data as double bytes, interleaved from PORTD first and then
from PORTB. The data interleaving is automatic, with two bytes written to the FIFO per
external write strobe. The interleave order input from the ports is the same whether the
destination FIFO is A-IN or B-IN.

The OUT FIFO transmits two bytes, the first to PORTD and the second to PORTB, per
external read strobe. The interleave order output to the ports is the same whether the
source FIFO is A-OUT or B-OUT.

7.1.5 FIFO Registers

The 8051 accesses a variety of control and status registers to control the slave FIFO operation.
These registers perform the following functions:

Page 7-4

Data registers give the 8051/DMA access to IN FIFO and OUT FIFO data.

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

Byte Count registers indicate the number of bytes in each FIFO.

Flag bits indicate FIFO full, empty, and a programmable level.

Mode bits control the various FIFO modes.

7.1.6 FIFO Flags and Interrupts

The slave FIFOs have two independent sets of flags, internal and external. The 8051 can directly
test the internal flags, or these flags can automatically create 8051 interrupts using INT4. The
external flags are available as device pins, to be used by external logic. Two independent sets of
programmable flags allow different FIFO fullness levels to be set for internal and external use.
The internal FIFO flags are connected to the 8051 interrupt system using INT4. To streamline the
8051 code that deals with these interrupts, the 8051 INT4 vector locations have a special property
when a mode bit called AV4EN (Autovector 4 Enable) is set. Referring to Table 7-1, when a FIFO
flag interrupt occurs with AV4EN=1, internal logic replaces the third byte of the jump instruction at
location 0x55 with a different address for each FIFO interrupt source.

Table 7-1. Autovector for INT4*

8051 Addr

Instruction

0x53

LJMP

0x54

AddrH

0x55 *

AddrL

Notes
Loc 53-55 are the INT4 Interrupt Vector.
EZ-USB FX logic replaces this byte when
AV4EN=1.

* (Table 7-2 shows bytes inserted at address 55H)

To set up autovectoring, the user places an LJMP instruction at location 0x53. This jumps to a
table of instructions that jump to the various FIFO ISRs. Then, every FIFO interrupt automatically
vectors to the individual interrupt service routines for the particular FIFO flags. The autovector
mechanism saves the 8051 from having to check for the source of each interrupt shared on INT4.
The FIFO interrupts that share INT4 are shown in Table 7-2. The last three are not FIFO-related,
and are described in other chapters. The bytes inserted by the EZ-USB FX logic (the low-address
byte of the LJMP instruction) are separated by four to allow four bytes per LJMP instruction in the
jump table. (An 8051 LJMP instruction requires three bytes).
Note that the bytes inserted for the INT4 autovector start at 0x80, rather than 0x00. This is
because another EZ-USB FX autovector, for INT2 (used for all USB interrupts), uses jump table
offsets from 0x00 to 0x57. The autovector jump table must start on a page boundary (8051
address XX00). Therefore, separating the two groups of jumps allows a single page of 8051 memory to be used for both INT2 and INT4 jump tables. The INT2 jump table can start at 0x00, and the
INT4 jump table can start at 0x80, both in the same page.

Chapter 7. EZ-USB FX Slave FIFOs

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Table 7-2. INT4 Autovectors

IVEC4 Byte Inserted
Value
at 0x55

Source

Meaning

0x40

0x80

AINPF

A-IN FIFO Programmable Flag

0x44

0x84

BINPF

B-IN FIFO Programmable Flag

0x48

0x88

AOUTPF

0x4C

0x8C

BOUTPF

0x50

0x90

AINEF

A-IN FIFO Empty Flag

0x54

0x94

BINEF

B-IN FIFO Empty Flag

0x58

0x98

AOUTEF

A-OUT FIFO Empty Flag

0x5C

0x9C

BOUTEF

B-OUT FIFO Empty Flag

0x60

0xA0

AINFF

A-IN FIFO Full Flag

0x64

0xA4

BINFF

B-IN FIFO Full Flag

0x68

0xA8

AOUTFF

0x6C

0xAC

BOUTFF

0x70

0xB0

GPIFDONE

See Chapter 8. "General Programmable

Interface (GPIF)"

0x74

0xB4

GPIFWF

See Chapter 8. "General Programmable

Interface (GPIF)"

0x78

0xB8

A-OUT FIFO Programmable Flag

B-OUT FIFO Programmable Flag

A-OUT FIFO Full Flag

B-OUT FIFO Full Flag

DMADONE See Chapter 8. "General Programmable

Interface (GPIF)"

The first column shows the value in the IVEC4 Register for each FIFO interrupt source.
If two or more INT4 interrupt requests occur simultaneously, they are serviced in the order shown
in Table 7-2, with AINPF having the highest priority and DMADONE the lowest. Interrupt requests
remain pending while a higher level interrupt is serviced.

7.2

Slave FIFO Register Descriptions

In the following FIFO diagrams, the 8051-access side is on the left, and the external pins are on
the right.

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7.2.1 FIFO A Read Data

AOUTPF
AOUTEF

AOUTPF

AOUTPFPIN

AOUTFF

AOUTFLAG

ABOUTTF

AOUTEMTY
AOUTDATA

AFI[7..0] (PORTB)

Aout

AOE
AOUTBC
ABPOLAR

AINBC

AINDATA

Ain

AINFULL
ABINTF

AINFLAG
AINFF
AINEF

AINPF

AINPFPIN

AINPF

Figure 7-4. AINDATAs Role in the FIFO A Register

AINDATA

FIFO A Read Data

7800

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

D7

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

Figure 7-5. FIFO A Read Data

Each time the 8051 reads a byte from this register, the A-IN FIFO advances to the next byte in the
FIFO, and the AINBC (byte count) decrements. Reading this register when there is one byte
remaining in the A-IN FIFO sets the A-IN FIFO Empty Flag (AINEF, in ABINCS.4). This causes an
interrupt request on INT4 (Table 7-2). Reading this register when the A-IN FIFO is empty returns
indeterminate data and has no effect on the FIFO flags byte counts.

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

7.2.2 A-IN FIFO Byte Count

AOUTPF
AOUTEF

AOUTPF

AOUTPFPIN

AOUTFF

AOUTFLAG

ABOUTTF

AOUTEMTY
AOUTDATA

AFI[7..0] (PORTB)

Aout

AOE
AOUTBC
ABPOLAR

AINBC

AINDATA

Ain

AINFULL
ABINTF

AINFLAG
AINFF
AINEF

AINPF

AINPFPIN

AINPF

Figure 7-6. AINBCs Role in the FIFO A Register

AINBC

A-IN FIFO Byte Count

7801

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

Figure 7-7. A-IN FIFO Byte Count

This count reflects the number of bytes remaining in the A-IN FIFO. Valid byte counts are 0-64.
Every byte written by outside logic increments this count, and every 8051 read of AINDATA decrements this count. If AINBC is zero, an 8051 read of AINDATA returns indeterminate data and
results in the byte count in AINBC remaining at zero. Data bytes should never be written to the
FIFO from outside logic when the AINFULL flag is HI.

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7.2.3 A-IN FIFO Programmable Flag

AOUTPF
AOUTEF

AOUTPF

AOUTPFPIN

AOUTFF

AOUTFLAG

ABOUTTF

AOUTEMTY
AOUTDATA

AFI[7..0] (PORTB)

Aout

AOE
AOUTBC
ABPOLAR

AINBC

AINDATA

Ain

AINFULL
ABINTF

AINFLAG
AINFF
AINEF

AINPF

AINPFPIN

AINPF

Figure 7-8. AINPFs Role in the FIFO A Register

AINPF

A-IN FIFO Programmable Flag

7802

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

LTGT

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 7-9. A-IN FIFO Programmable Flag

This register controls the sense and value for the internal A-IN FIFO programmable flag. This flag
is testable by the 8051.

Another register, AINPFPIN (Section 7.2.3.3. "A-IN FIFO Pin Programmable Flag") corresponds to an A-IN FIFO programmable flag that drives an output pin, not an internal flag
bit.

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

The 8051 tests the internal FIFO programmable flag by reading the AINPF Bit in ABINCS.5. This
flag can also be enabled to cause an interrupt request on INT4 (Table 7-2) when it makes a zeroto-one transition. The default value of the AINPF Register indicates half-empty.

Bit 7:

LTGT

Less-than, Greater-than flag

If LTGT=0, the AINPF flag goes true, when the number of bytes in the FIFO is less than or
equal to the programmed value in D[6..0].
If LTGT=1, the AINPF flag goes true, when the number of bytes in the FIFO is greater than or
equal to the value programmed into D[6..0].

Bit 6-0:

PFVAL

Programmable Flag Value

This value, along with the LTGT Bit, determines when the programmable flag for the A-IN
FIFO becomes active. The 8051 programs this register to indicate various degrees of A-IN
FIFO fullness to suit the application. The following two sections show the interaction of the
LTGT Bit and the programmed value for two cases, a filling FIFO and an emptying FIFO.

7.2.3.1 Filling FIFO

When a FIFO is filling with data, it is useful to generate an 8051 interrupt when a programmed
level is reached. Because the interrupt request is triggered on a zero-to-one transition of the programmable flag AINPF, the LTGT Bit should be set to 1. In Table 7-3, D[6..0] is set to 48 bytes
and the LTGT Bit is set to 1. When the FIFO reaches 48 bytes, the AINPF Bit goes high, generating an interrupt request.
Table 7-3. Filling FIFO
LTGT

D[6..0]

Bytes
in
FIFO

AINPF

48

45

48

46

48

47

48

48

48

49

48

50

7.2.3.2 Emptying FIFO

When a FIFO is being emptied of data, the LTGT Bit should be set to 0, so the zero-to-one transition of the AINPF flag (and therefore the interrupt request) occurs when the byte count descends
to below the programmed value. In Table 7-4, D[6..0] is set to 48 bytes, and when the FIFO goes
from 49 bytes to 48 bytes, the AINPF Bit goes high, generating an interrupt request.

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Table 7-4. Emptying FIFO

LTGT

D[6..0]

Bytes
in
FIFO

AINPF

48

51

48

50

48

49

48

48

48

47

48

46

7.2.3.3 A-IN FIFO Pin Programmable Flag

AOUTPF
AOUTEF

AOUTPF

AOUTPFPIN

AOUTFF

AOUTFLAG

ABOUTTF

AOUTEMTY
AOUTDATA

AFI[7..0] (PORTB)

Aout

AOE
AOUTBC
ABPOLAR

AINBC

AINDATA

Ain

AINFULL
ABINTF

AINFLAG
AINFF
AINEF

AINPF

AINPF

AINPFPIN

Figure 7-10. AINPFPINs Role in the FIFO A Register

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

AINPFPIN

A-IN FIFO Pin Programmable Flag

7803

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

LTGT

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 7-11. A-IN FIFO Pin Programmable Flag

This register controls the sense and value for the A-IN FIFO Programmable Flag that appears on
the AINFLAG pin. This pin is used by external logic to regulate external writes to the A-IN FIFO.
The AINPFPIN Register is programmed with the same data format as the previous register,
AINPF. The only operational difference is that the flag drives a hardware pin rather than existing as
an internal register bit.
Having separate programmable flags allows the 8051 and external logic to have independent
gauges of FIFO fullness. It may be desirable, for example, for one side (8051 or external logic) to
have advance notice over the other side about a FIFO becoming full or empty.
The default value of the AINPFPIN Register indicates empty.

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7.2.4 B-IN FIFO Read Data

BOUTPF
BOUTEF

BOUTPF

BOUTPFPIN

BOUTFF

BOUTFLAG

ABOUTTF

BOUTEMTY
BOUTDATA

BFI[7..0] (PORTD)

Bout

BOE
BOUTBC
ABPOLAR

BINBC

BINDATA

Bin

BINFULL
ABINTF

BINFLAG
BINFF
BINEF

BINPF

BINPFPIN

BINPF

Figure 7-12. BINDATAs Role in the FIFO B Register

BINDATA

B-IN FIFO Read Data

7805

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

D7

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

Figure 7-13. B-IN FIFO Read Data

Each time the 8051 reads a byte from this register, the B-IN FIFO advances to the next byte in the
FIFO, and the BINBC (byte count) decrements. Reading this register when there is one byte
remaining in the FIFO sets the B-IN FIFO Empty Flag (BINEF, in ABINCS.1), which causes an
INT4 request. Reading this register when the B-IN FIFO is empty returns indeterminate data and
has no effect on the FIFO flags or byte count.

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

7.2.5 B-IN FIFO Byte Count

BOUTPF
BOUTEF

BOUTPF

BOUTPFPIN

BOUTFF

BOUTFLAG

ABOUTTF

BOUTEMTY
BOUTDATA

BFI[7..0] (PORTD)

Bout

BOE
BOUTBC
ABPOLAR

BINBC

BINDATA

Bin

BINFULL
ABINTF

BINFLAG
BINFF
BINEF

BINPF

BINPFPIN

BINPF

Figure 7-14. BINBCs Role in the FIFO B Register

BINBC

B-IN FIFO Byte Count

7806

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

Figure 7-15. B-IN FIFO Byte Count

This count reflects the number of bytes remaining in the B-IN FIFO. Valid byte counts are 0-64.
Every byte written by outside logic increments this count, and every 8051 read of BINDATA decrements this count. If BINBC is zero, an 8051 read of BINDATA returns indeterminate data. This
results in the byte count in BINBC to remain at zero. Data bytes should never be written to the
FIFO from outside logic when the BINFULL flag is HI.

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7.2.6 B-IN FIFO Programmable Flag

BOUTPF
BOUTEF

BOUTPF

BOUTPFPIN

BOUTFF

BOUTFLAG

ABOUTTF

BOUTEMTY
BOUTDATA

BFI[7..0] (PORTD)

Bout

BOE
BOUTBC
ABPOLAR

BINBC

BINDATA

Bin

BINFULL
ABINTF

BINFLAG
BINFF
BINEF

BINPF

BINPFPIN

BINPF

Figure 7-16. BINPFs Role in the FIFO B Register

BINPF

B-IN FIFO Programmable Flag

7807

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

LTGT

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 7-17. B-IN FIFO Programmable Flag

This register controls the sense and value for the internal B-IN FIFO programmable flag.

Another register, BINPFPIN (Section 7.2.7. "B-IN FIFO Pin Programmable Flag") corresponds to a B-IN FIFO programmable flag that drives an output pin, not an internal flag bit.

Chapter 7. EZ-USB FX Slave FIFOs

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

The 8051 tests the internal FIFO programmable flag by reading the BINPF Bit in ABINCS.2. This
flag can also be enabled to cause an interrupt request on INT4 (Table 7-2) when it makes a zeroto-one transition. The default value of the BINPF Register indicates half-empty.

Bit 7:

LTGT

Less-than, Greater-than flag

If LTGT=0, the BINPF flag goes true when the number of bytes in the FIFO is less than or
equal to the programmed value in D[6..0].
If LTGT=1, the BINPF flag goes true when the number of bytes in the FIFO is greater than or
equal to the value programmed into D[6..0].

Bit 6-0:

PFVAL

Programmable Flag Value

This value, along with the LTGT Bit, determines when the programmable flag for the B-FIFO
becomes active. The 8051 programs this register to indicate various degrees of B-FIFO fullness to suit the application. The following two sections in this chapter show the interaction of
the LTGT Bit and the programmed value for two cases, a filling FIFO and an emptying FIFO.

7.2.6.1 Filling FIFO

When a FIFO is filling with data, it is useful to generate an 8051 interrupt when a programmed
level is reached. Because the interrupt request is triggered on a zero-to-one transition of the programmable flag BINPF, the LTGT Bit should be set to 1. In Table 7-5, D[6..0] is set to 48 bytes
and the LTGT Bit is set to 1. When the FIFO reaches 48 bytes, the BINPF Bit goes high, generating an interrupt request.
Table 7-5. Filling FIFO
LTGT

D[6..0]

Bytes
in
FIFO

BINPF

48

45

48

46

48

47

48

48

48

49

48

50

7.2.6.2 Emptying FIFO

When a FIFO is being emptied of data, the LTGT Bit should be set to 0, so the zero-to-one transition of the BINPF flag (therefore, the interrupt request) occurs when the byte count descends to
below the programmed value. In Table 7-6, D[6..0] is set to 48 bytes, and when the FIFO goes
from 49 bytes to 48 bytes, the BINPF Bit goes high, generating an interrupt request.

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Table 7-6. Emptying FIFO

LTGT

D[6..0]

Bytes
in
FIFO

BINPF

48

51

48

50

48

49

48

48

48

47

48

46

7.2.7 B-IN FIFO Pin Programmable Flag

BOUTPF
BOUTEF

BOUTPF

BOUTPFPIN

BOUTFF

BOUTFLAG

ABOUTTF

BOUTEMTY
BOUTDATA

BFI[7..0] (PORTD)

Bout

BOE
BOUTBC
ABPOLAR

BINBC

BINDATA

Bin

BINFULL
ABINTF

BINFLAG
BINFF
BINEF

BINPF

BINPF

BINPFPIN

Figure 7-18. BINPFPINs Role in the FIFO B Register

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

BINPFPIN

B-IN FIFO Pin Programmable Flag

7808

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

LTGT

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 7-19. B-IN FIFO Pin Programmable Flag

This register controls the sense and value for the B-IN FIFO Programmable Flag that appears on
the BINFLAG pin. This pin is used by external logic to regulate external writes to the B-IN FIFO.
The BINPFPIN Register is programmed with the same data format as the previous register,
BINPF. The only operational difference is that the flag drives a hardware pin rather than existing as
an internal register bit.
Having separate programmable flags allows the 8051 and external logic to have independent
gauges of FIFO fullness. It may be desirable, for example, for one side (8051 or external logic) to
have advance notice over the other side about a FIFO becoming full or empty.
The default value of the BINPFPIN Register indicates empty.

7.2.8 Input FIFOs A/B Toggle CTL and Flags

ABOUTTF
1
AOUTDATA

Aout

AOUTDATA

AINDATA

Ain

AINDATA

Aout

1
0

Ain

ABINTF
BOUTDATA

Bout

BOUTDATA

Bout

BINDATA

Bin

BINDATA

Bin

(a) Normal Mode

(b) 8051 FIFO Toggle Mode

Figure 7-20. 8051 FIFO Toggle Mode vs. Normal Mode Diagram

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ABINCS

Input FIFOs A/B Toggle CTL and Flags

780A

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

INTOG

INSEL

AINPF

AINEF

AINFF

BINPF

BINEF

BINFF

R/W

R/W

Figure 7-21. Input FIFOs A/B Toggle CTL and Flags

Bit 7:

INTOG

Enable Input FIFO Toggle

A special FIFO toggle mode switches automatically between the A-IN and B-IN FIFOs each
time the 8051 reads data from the AINDATA Register. The toggle mechanism works only for
programmed 8051 transfers, not DMA transfers.
When INTOG=0, the A-IN and B-IN FIFOs operate in Normal Mode, as illustrated in diagram
(a) in Figure 7-20 on the previous page.
When INTOG=1, the FIFOs operate in Toggle Mode, as illustrated in diagram (b) in Figure 720. The selected FIFO switches between the A-IN and B-IN FIFOs after every 8051 read of the
AINDATA Register. The selected FIFO is indicated by the INSEL Bit (Bit 6).

Bit 6:

INSEL

Input Toggle Select

If INTOG=1 when enabling the Toggle Mode:

This bit selects IN FIFO A or B when the 8051 reads the AINDATA Register. When
INSEL=0, the B-IN FIFO is read. When INSEL=1, the A-IN FIFO is read. When INTOG=1,
this bit complements automatically (toggles) after every 8051 read of AINDATA. This has
the effect of automatically toggling between the A-IN and B-IN FIFOs for successive reads
of AINDATA.

The 8051 can directly write this bit to select manually the A-IN or B-IN FIFO. More commonly, the Toggle Mode will be used since it allows 16-bit transfers using the 8051 without
requiring the 8051 to switch between the FIFOs.

If INTOG=0 when enabling the Toggle Mode:

Bit 5:

The INSEL Bit has no effect.

AINPF

A-IN FIFO Programmable Flag

AINPF=1 when the A-IN FIFO byte count satisfies the conditions programmed into the programmable FIFO flag register AINPF; otherwise, AINPF=0. A zero-to-one transition of this flag
sets the interrupt request bit AINPFIR.

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Bit 4:

AINEF

A-IN FIFO Empty Flag

AINEF=1 when the A-IN FIFO is empty; otherwise, AINEF=0. The flag goes active after the
8051 or DMA system reads the last byte in the A-IN FIFO. A zero-to-one transition of this flag
sets the interrupt request bit AINEFIR.
AINFF=1 when the A-IN FIFO is full; otherwise, AINFF=0. The flag goes active after external
logic writes the 64th byte into the A-IN FIFO. A zero-to-one transition of this flag sets the interrupt request bit AINFFIR.

Bit 2:

BINPF

B-IN FIFO Programmable Flag

BINPF=1 when the number of bytes in the B-IN FIFO satisfies the requirements programmed
into the BINPF Register; otherwise, BINPF=0. A zero-to-one transition of this flag sets the
interrupt request bit BINPFIR.

Bit 1:

BINEF

B-IN FIFO Empty Flag

BINEF=1 when the B-IN FIFO is empty; otherwise, BINEF=0. The flag goes active after the
8051 or DMA system reads the last byte in the B-IN FIFO. A zero-to-one transition of this flag
sets the interrupt request bit BINEFIR.

Bit 0:

BINFF

B-IN FIFO Full Flag

BINFF=1 when the B-IN FIFO is full. The flag goes valid after external logic writes the 64th
byte into the B-IN FIFO. A zero-to-one transition of this flag sets the interrupt request bit BINFFIR.

7.2.9 Input FIFOs A/B Interrupt Enables

ABINIE

Input FIFOs A/B Interrupt Enables

780B

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

AINPFIE

AINEFIE

AINFFIE

BINPFIE

BINEFIE

BINFFIE

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 7-22. Input FIFOs A/B Interrupt Enables

Bit 5:

AINPFIE

A-IN FIFO Programmable Flag Interrupt Enable

The 8051 sets AINPFIE=1 to enable an INT4 interrupt when the AINPFIR interrupt request bit
makes a zero-to-one transition. This transition indicates that the A-IN FIFO byte count has satisfied the fullness level programmed into the programmable FIFO flag register AINPF. The

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8051 clears AINPFIE to prevent the associated interrupt request bit from causing an INT4
interrupt.

Bit 4:

AINEFIE

A-IN FIFO Empty Interrupt Enable

The 8051 sets AINEFIE=1 to enable an INT4 interrupt when the AINEFIR interrupt request bit
makes a zero-to-one transition. This indicates an A-IN FIFO byte count of zero. The 8051
clears AINEFIE to prevent the associated interrupt request bit from causing an INT4 interrupt.

Bit 3:

AINFFIE

A-IN FIFO Bull Interrupt Enable

The 8051 sets AINFFIE=1 to enable an INT4 interrupt when the AINFFIR interrupt request bit
makes a zero-to-one transition. This indicates an A-IN FIFO byte count of 64. The 8051 clears
AINFFIE to prevent the associated interrupt request bit from causing an INT4 interrupt.

Bit 2:

BINPFIE

B-IN FIFO Programmable Flag Interrupt Enable

The 8051 sets BINPFIE=1 to enable an INT4 interrupt when the BINPFIR interrupt request bit
makes a zero-to-one transition. This transition indicates that the B-IN FIFO byte count has satisfied the fullness level programmed into the programmable FIFO flag register BINPF. The
8051 clears BINPFIE to prevent the associated interrupt request bit from causing an INT4
interrupt.

Bit 1:

BINEFIE

B-IN FIFO Empty Interrupt Enable

The 8051 sets BINEFIE=1 to enable an INT4 interrupt when the BINEFIR interrupt request bit
makes a zero-to-one transition. This indicates a B-IN FIFO byte count of zero. The 8051 clears
BINEFIE to prevent the associated interrupt request bit from causing an INT4 interrupt.

Bit 0:

BINFFIE

B-IN FIFO Full Interrupt Enable

The 8051 sets BINFFIE=1 to enable an INT4 interrupt when the BINFFIR interrupt request bit
makes a zero-to-one transition. This indicates a B-IN FIFO byte count of 64. The 8051 clears
BINFFIE to prevent the associated interrupt request bit from causing an INT4 interrupt.

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7.2.10 Input FIFOs A/B Interrupt Requests

ABINIRQ

Input FIFOs A/B Interrupt Requests

780C

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

AINPFIR

AINEFIR

AINFFIR

BINPFIR

BINEFIR

BINFFIR

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 7-23. Input FIFOs A/B Interrupt Requests

Bit 5:

AINPFIR

A-IN FIFO Programmable Flag Interrupt Request

AINPFIR makes a zero-to-one transition when the A-IN FIFO byte count satisfies the required
condition programmed into the programmable FIFO flag register AINPF. If enabled by the AINPFIE Bit, this transition causes an INT4 interrupt request.
The 8051 writes a 1 to this bit to clear the interrupt request. The 8051 should clear the 8051
INT4 Bit (EXIF.6) before clearing the AINPFIR Bit in the interrupt service routine to guarantee
that pending INT4 interrupts will be recognized.

Bit 4:

AINEFIR

A-IN FIFO Empty Interrupt Request

AINEFIR makes a zero-to-one transition when the A-IN FIFO byte count reaches zero (FIFO
empty). If enabled by the AINEFIE Bit, this transition causes an INT4 interrupt request.
The 8051 writes 1 to this bit to clear the interrupt request. The 8051 should clear the 8051
INT4 Bit (EXIF.6) before clearing the AINEFIR Bit in the interrupt service routine to guarantee
that pending INT4 interrupts will be recognized.

Bit 3:

AINFFIR

A-IN FIFO Full Interrupt Request

AINFFIR makes a zero-to-one transition when the A-IN FIFO byte count reaches 64 (FIFO
full). If enabled by the AINFFIE Bit, this transition causes an INT4 interrupt request.
The 8051 writes a 1 to this bit to clear the interrupt request. The 8051 should clear the 8051
INT4 Bit (EXIF.6) before clearing the AINFFIR Bit in the interrupt service routine to guarantee
that pending INT4 interrupts will be recognized.

Bit 2:

BINPFIR

B-IN FIFO Programmable Flag Interrupt Request

BINPFIR makes a zero-to-one transition when the B-IN FIFO byte count satisfies the required
condition programmed into the programmable FIFO flag register BINPF. If enabled by the BINPFIE Bit, this transition causes an INT4 interrupt request.

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The 8051 writes a 1 to this bit to clear the interrupt request. The 8051 should clear the 8051
INT4 Bit (EXIF.6) before clearing the BINPFIR Bit in the interrupt service routine to guarantee
that pending INT4 interrupts will be recognized.

Bit 1:

BINEFIR

B-IN FIFO Empty Interrupt Request

BINEFIR makes a zero-to-one transition when the B-IN FIFO byte count reaches zero (FIFO
empty). If enabled by the BINEFIE Bit, this transition causes an INT4 interrupt request.
The 8051 writes a 1 to this bit to clear the interrupt request. The 8051 should clear the 8051
INT4 Bit (EXIF.6) before clearing the BINEFIR Bit in the interrupt service routine to guarantee
that pending INT4 interrupts will be recognized.

Bit 0:

BINFFIR

B-IN FIFO Full Interrupt Request

BINFFIR makes a zero-to-one transition when the B-IN FIFO byte count reaches 64 (FIFO
full). If enabled by the BINFFIE Bit, this transition causes an INT4 interrupt request.
The 8051 writes a 1 to this bit to clear the interrupt request. The 8051 should clear the 8051
INT4 Bit (EXIF.6) before clearing the BINFFIR Bit in the interrupt service routine to guarantee
that pending INT4 interrupts will be recognized.

Chapter 7. EZ-USB FX Slave FIFOs

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

7.2.11 FIFO A Write Data

AOUTPF
AOUTEF

AOUTPF

AOUTPFPIN

AOUTFF

AOUTFLAG

ABOUTTF

AOUTEMTY
AOUTDATA

AFI[7..0] (PORTB)

Aout

AOE
AOUTBC
ABPOLAR

AINBC

AINDATA

Ain

AINFULL
ABINTF

AINFLAG
AINFF
AINEF

AINPF

AINPFPIN

AINPF

Figure 7-24. AOUTDATAs Role in the FIFO A Register

AOUTDATA

FIFO A Write Data

780E

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

D7

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

Figure 7-25. FIFO A Write Data

Each time the 8051/DMA writes a byte to this register, the A-OUT FIFO advances to the next open
position in the FIFO and the AOUTBC (byte count) increments. Writing this register when there are
63 bytes remaining in the A-OUT FIFO sets the A-FIFO Full Flag (AOUTFF, in ABOUTCS.3),
which causes an INT4 request. Writing this register when the A-OUT FIFO is full (64 bytes) does
not update the FIFO or byte count, and has no effect on the FIFO flags or byte count.

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7.2.11.1 A-OUT FIFO Byte Count

AOUTPF
AOUTEF

AOUTPF

AOUTPFPIN

AOUTFF

AOUTFLAG

ABOUTTF

AOUTEMTY
AOUTDATA

AFI[7..0] (PORTB)

Aout

AOE
AOUTBC
ABPOLAR

AINBC

AINDATA

Ain

AINFULL
ABINTF

AINFLAG
AINFF
AINEF

AINPF

AINPFPIN

AINPF

Figure 7-26. AOUTBCs Role in the FIFO A Register

AOUTBC

A-OUT FIFO Byte Count

780F

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

Figure 7-27. Input FIFOs A/B Interrupt Requests

This count reflects the number of bytes remaining in the A-OUT FIFO. Valid byte counts are 0-64.
When non-zero, every byte read by outside logic decrements this count, and every 8051 write of
AOUTDATA increments this count. If AOUTBC is zero, reading a data byte by outside logic returns
indeterminate data and results in the byte count in AOUTBC remaining at zero.

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

7.2.12 A-OUT FIFO Programmable Flag

AOUTPF
AOUTEF

AOUTPF

AOUTPFPIN

AOUTFF

AOUTFLAG

ABOUTTF

AOUTEMTY
AOUTDATA

AFI[7..0] (PORTB)

Aout

AOE
AOUTBC
ABPOLAR

AINBC

AINDATA

Ain

AINFULL
ABINTF

AINFLAG
AINFF
AINEF

AINPF

AINPFPIN

AINPF

Figure 7-28. AOUTPFs Role in the FIFO A Register

AOUTPF

A-OUT FIFO Programmable Flag

7810

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

LTGT

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 7-29. Input FIFOs A/B Interrupt Requests

This register controls the sense and value for the internal A-OUT FIFO Programmable Flag. The
internal flag may be tested by the 8051 and/or enabled to cause an INT4 interrupt request. The
default value of the AOUTPF Register indicates a half-full condition.
The 8051 tests the internal FIFO programmable flag by reading the AOUTPF Bit in ABOUTCS.5
(Register at 0x7818).

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Bit 7:

LTGT

Less-than, Greater-than flag

If LTGT=0, the AOUTPF flag goes true when the number of bytes in the FIFO is less than or
equal to the programmed value in D[6..0].
If LTGT=1, the AOUTPF flag goes true when the number of bytes in the FIFO is greater than or
equal to the value programmed into D[6..0].

Bit 6-0:

PFVAL

Programmable Flag Value

This value, along with the LTGT Bit, determines when the programmable flag for the A-OUT
FIFO becomes active. The 8051 programs this register to indicate various degrees of A-OUT
FIFO fullness to suit the application. The following two sections in this chapter show the interaction of the LTGT Bit and the programmed value for two cases, a filling FIFO and an emptying
FIFO.

7.2.12.1 Filling FIFO

When a FIFO is filling with data, it is useful to generate an 8051 interrupt when a programmed level
is reached. Because the interrupt request is triggered on a zero-to-one transition of the programmable flag AOUTPF, the LTGT Bit should be set to 1. In Table 7-7, D[6..0] is set for 48 bytes,
and the LTGT Bit is set to 1. When the FIFO reaches 48 bytes, the AINPF Bit goes high, generating an interrupt request.
Table 7-7. Filling FIFO
LTGT

D[6..0]

Bytes
in
FIFO

AOUTPF

48

45

48

46

48

47

48

48

48

49

48

50

7.2.12.2 Emptying FIFO

When a FIFO is being emptied of data, the LTGT Bit should be set to 0, so that the zero-to-one
transition of the PF flag (therefore, the interrupt request) occurs when the byte count descends to
below the programmed value. In Table 7-8, D[6..0] is set to 48 bytes, and when the FIFO goes from
49 bytes to 48 bytes, the AOUTPF Bit goes high, generating an interrupt request.

Chapter 7. EZ-USB FX Slave FIFOs

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Table 7-8. Emptying FIFO

LTGT

D[6..0]

Bytes
in
FIFO

AOUTPF

48

51

48

50

48

49

48

48

48

47

48

46

7.2.13 A-OUT FIFO Pin Programmable Flag

AOUTPF
AOUTEF

AOUTPF

AOUTPFPIN

AOUTFF

AOUTFLAG

ABOUTTF

AOUTEMTY
AOUTDATA

AFI[7..0] (PORTB)

Aout

AOE
AOUTBC
ABPOLAR

AINBC

AINDATA

Ain

AINFULL
ABINTF

AINFLAG
AINFF
AINEF

AINPF

AINPF

AINPFPIN

Figure 7-30. AOUTPFPINs Role in the FIFO A Register

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

AOUTPFPIN

A-OUT FIFO Pin Programmable Flag

7811

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

LTGT

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 7-31. A-OUT FIFO Pin Programmable Flag

This register controls the sense and value for the A-OUT FIFO Programmable Flag that appears
on the AOUTFLAG pin. This pin is used by external logic to regulate external reads from the AOUT FIFO. The AOUTPFPIN Register is programmed with the same data format as the previous
register, AOUTPF. The only operational difference is that the flag drives a hardware pin, rather
than existing as an internal register bit.
Having separate programmable flags allows the 8051 and external logic to have independent
gauges of FIFO fullness. It may be desirable, for example, for one side (8051 or external logic) to
have advance notice over the other side about a FIFO becoming full or empty.
The default value of the AOUTPFPIN Register indicates full (bytes in FIFO greater than or equal to
64.

Chapter 7. EZ-USB FX Slave FIFOs

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

7.2.14 B-OUT FIFO Write Data

BOUTPF
BOUTEF

BOUTPF

BOUTPFPIN

BOUTFF

BOUTFLAG

ABOUTTF

BOUTEMTY
BOUTDATA

BFI[7..0] (PORTD)

Bout

BOE
BOUTBC
ABPOLAR

BINBC

BINDATA

Bin

BINFULL
ABINTF

BINFLAG
BINFF
BINEF

BINPF

BINPFPIN

BINPF

Figure 7-32. BOUTDATAs Role in the FIFO B Register

BOUTDATA

B-OUT FIFO Write Data

7813

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

D7

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

Figure 7-33. B-OUT FIFO Write Data

Each time the 8051/DMA writes a byte to this register, the B-OUT FIFO advances to the next open
position in the FIFO and the BOUTBC (Byte count) increments. Writing this register when there
are 63 bytes remaining in the B-OUT FIFO sets the B-FIFO Full Flag (BOUTFF, in ABOUTCS.0).
This causes an INT4 interrupt request. Writing this register when the B-OUT FIFO is full (64 bytes)
does not update the FIFO or byte count, and has no effect on the FIFO flags or byte count.

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7.2.15 B-OUT FIFO Byte Count

BOUTPF
BOUTEF

BOUTPF

BOUTPFPIN

BOUTFF

BOUTFLAG

ABOUTTF

BOUTEMTY
BOUTDATA

BFI[7..0] (PORTD)

Bout

BOE
BOUTBC
ABPOLAR

BINBC

BINDATA

Bin

BINFULL
ABINTF

BINFLAG
BINFF
BINEF

BINPF

BINPFPIN

BINPF

Figure 7-34. BOUTBCs Role in the FIFO B Register

BOUTBC

B-OUT FIFO Byte Count

7814

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

Figure 7-35. B-OUT FIFO Byte Count

This count reflects the number of bytes remaining in the B-OUT FIFO. Valid byte counts are 0-64.
When non-zero, every byte read by outside logic decrements this count, and every 8051 write of
BOUTDATA increments this count. If BOUTBC is zero, reading a data byte by outside logic returns
indeterminate data and results in the byte count in BOUTBC remaining at zero.

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

7.2.16 B-OUT FIFO Programmable Flag

BOUTPF
BOUTEF

BOUTPF

BOUTPFPIN

BOUTFF

BOUTFLAG

ABOUTTF

BOUTEMTY
BOUTDATA

BFI[7..0] (PORTD)
BOE

Bout

BOUTBC
ABPOLAR

BINBC

BINDATA

Bin

BINFULL
ABINTF

BINFLAG
BINFF
BINEF

BINPF

BINPFPIN

BINPF

Figure 7-36. BOUTPFs Role in the FIFO B Register

BOUTPF

B-OUT FIFO Programmable Flag

7815

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

LTGT

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 7-37. B-OUT FIFO Programmable Flag

This register controls the sense and value for the internal B-OUT FIFO Programmable Flag. The
internal flag may be tested by the 8051, and/or enabled to cause an INT4 interrupt request. The
default value of the BOUTPF Register indicates a half-full condition.
The 8051 tests the internal FIFO programmable flag by reading the BOUTPF Bit in ABOUTCS.2.

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Bit 7:

LTGT

Less-than, Greater-than flag

If LTGT=0, the BOUTPF flag goes true when the number of bytes in the FIFO is less than or
equal to the programmed value in D[6..0].
If LTGT=1, the BOUTPF flag goes true when the number of bytes in the FIFO is greater than or
equal to the value programmed into D[6..0].

Bit 6-0:

PFVAL

Programmable Flag Value

This value, along with the LTGT Bit, determines when the programmable flag for the B-FIFO
becomes active. The 8051 programs this register to indicate various degrees of B-FIFO fullness to suit the application. The following two sections of this chapter show the interaction of
the LTGT Bit and the programmed value for two cases, a filling FIFO and an emptying FIFO.

7.2.16.1 Filling FIFO

When a FIFO is filling with data, it is useful to generate an 8051 interrupt when a programmed level
is reached. Because the interrupt request is triggered on a zero-to-one transition of the programmable flag BOUTPF, the LTGT Bit should be set to 1. In Table 7-9, D[6..0] is set for 48 bytes and
the LTGT Bit is set to 1. When the FIFO reaches 48 bytes, the BOUTPF Bit goes high, generating
an interrupt request.

Table 7-9. Filling FIFO

LTGT

D[6..0]

Bytes
in
FIFO

BOUTPF

48

45

48

46

48

47

48

48

48

49

48

50

7.2.16.2 Emptying FIFO

When a FIFO is being emptied of data, the LTGT Bit should be set to 0, so the zero-to-one transition of the BOUTPF flag (therefore, the interrupt request) occurs when the byte count descends to
below the programmed value. In Table 7-10, D[6..0] is set to 48 bytes. When the FIFO goes from
49 bytes to 48 bytes, the BOUTPF Bit goes high, generating an interrupt request.

Chapter 7. EZ-USB FX Slave FIFOs

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Table 7-10. Emptying FIFO

LTGT

D[6..0]

Bytes
in
FIFO

BOUTPF

48

51

48

50

48

49

48

48

48

47

48

46

7.2.17 B-OUT FIFO Pin Programmable Flag

BOUTPF
BOUTEF

BOUTPF

BOUTPFPIN

BOUTFF

BOUTFLAG

ABOUTTF

BOUTEMTY
BOUTDATA

BFI[7..0] (PORTD)

Bout

BOE
BOUTBC
ABPOLAR

BINBC

BINDATA

Bin

BINFULL
ABINTF

BINFLAG
BINFF
BINEF

BINPF

BINPF

BINPFPIN

Figure 7-38. BOUTPFPINs Role in the FIFO B Register

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

BOUTPFPIN

B-OUT FIFO Pin Programmable Flag

7816

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

LTGT

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 7-39. B-OUT FIFO Pin Programmable Flag

This register controls the sense and value for the B-OUT FIFO Programmable Flag that appears
on the BOUTFLAG pin. This pin is used by external logic to regulate external reads from the BOUT FIFO. The BOUTPFPIN Register is programmed with the same data format as the previous
register, BOUTPF. The only operational difference is that the flag drives a hardware pin rather than
existing as an internal register bit.
Having separate, programmable flags allows the 8051 and external logic to have independent
gauges of FIFO fullness. It may be desirable, for example, for one side (8051 or external logic) to
have advance notice over the other side about a FIFO becoming full or empty.
The default value of the BOUTPFPIN Register indicates full.

7.2.18 Output FIFOs A/B Toggle CTL and Flags

ABOUTTF
1
AOUTDATA

Aout

AOUTDATA

AINDATA

Ain

AINDATA

Aout

1
0

Ain

ABINTF
BOUTDATA

Bout

BOUTDATA

Bout

BINDATA

Bin

BINDATA

Bin

(a) Normal Mode

(b) 8051 FIFO Toggle Mode

Figure 7-40. 8051 FIFO Toggle Mode vs. Normal Mode Diagram

Chapter 7. EZ-USB FX Slave FIFOs

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

ABOUTCS

Output FIFOs A/B Toggle CTL and Flags

7818

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

OUTTOG

OUTSEL

AOUTPF

AOUTEF

AOUTFF

BOUTPF

BOUTEF

BOUTFF

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 7-41. Output FIFOs A/B Toggle CTL and Flags

Bit 7:

OUTTOG

Enable Output FIFO Toggle

A special FIFO toggle mode switches automatically between the A-OUT and B-OUT FIFOs
each time the 8051 writes data to the AOUTDATA Register. The toggle mechanism works only
for programmed 8051 transfers, not DMA transfers.
When OUTTOG=0, the A-OUT and B-OUT FIFOs operate in Normal Mode, as shown by diagram (a) in Figure 7-40 on the previous page.
When OUTTOG=1, the FIFOs operate in Toggle Mode, as shown by diagram (b) in Figure 740. The selected FIFO switches between the A-OUT and B-OUT FIFOs after every 8051 write
to the AOUTDATA Register. The selected FIFO is indicated by the OUTSEL Bit (Bit 6).

Bit 6:

OUTSEL

Input Toggle Select

If OUTTOG=1 when enabling the Toggle Mode:

This bit selects OUT FIFO A or B when the 8051 writes to the AOUTDATA Register. When
OUTSEL=0, the B-OUT FIFO is written. When OUTSEL=1, the A-OUT FIFO is written.
When OUTTOG=1, this bit complements automatically (toggles) after every 8051 write to
AOUTDATA. This has the effect of automatically toggling between the A-OUT and B-OUT
FIFOs for successive 8051 writes to AOUTDATA.

The 8051 can directly write this bit to select manually the A-OUT or B-OUT FIFO. More
commonly, the Toggle Mode is used, since it allows 16-bit transfers using the 8051 without
requiring the 8051 to switch between the FIFOs.

If OUTTOG=0 when enabling the Toggle Mode:

The OUTSEL Bit has no effect.

Bit 5:

AOUTPF

A-OUT FIFO Programmable Flag

AOUTPF=1 when the number of bytes in the A-OUT FIFO satisfies the requirements programmed into the AOUTPF Register; otherwise, AOUTPF=0. This bit may be tested by the

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8051and/or used to generate an interrupt request. A zero-to-one transition of this flag sets the
interrupt request bit AOUTPFIR.

Bit 4:

AOUTEF

A-OUT FIFO Empty Flag

AOUTEF=1 when the A-OUT FIFO is empty; otherwise, AOUTEF=0. The flag goes valid after
external logic reads the last byte in the A-OUT FIFO. This bit may be tested by the 8051, and/
or used to generate an interrupt request. A zero-to-one transition of this flag sets the interrupt
request bit AOUTEFIR.

Bit 3:

AOUTFF

A-OUT FIFO Full Flag

AOUTFF=1 when the A-OUT FIFO is full; otherwise, AOUTFF=0. The flag goes valid after the
8051/DMA writes the 64th byte into the A-OUT FIFO. A zero-to-one transition of this flag sets
the interrupt request bit AOUTFFIR.

Bit 2:

BOUTPF

B-OUT FIFO Programmable Flag

BOUTPF=1 when the number of bytes in the B-OUT FIFO satisfies the requirements programmed into the BOUTPF Register; otherwise, BOUTPF=0. A zero-to-one transition of this
flag sets the interrupt request bit BOUTPFIR.

Bit 1:

BOUTEF

B-OUT FIFO Empty Flag

BOUTEF=1 when the B-OUT FIFO is empty; otherwise, BOUTEF=0. The flag goes valid after
external logic reads the last byte in the B-OUT FIFO. A zero-to-one transition of this flag sets
the interrupt request bit BOUTEFIR.

Bit 0:

BOUTFF

B-OUT FIFO Full Flag

BOUTFF=1 when the B-OUT FIFO is full; otherwise, BOUTFF=0. The flag goes valid after the
8051/DMA writes the 64th byte into the B-OUT FIFO. A zero-to-one transition of this flag sets
the interrupt request bit BOUTFFIR.

7.2.19 Output FIFOs A/B Interrupt Enables

ABOUTIE

Input FIFOs A/B Interrupt Enables

b5

b4

b3

b2

7819

b7

b6

b1

b0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

AOUTPFIE AOUTEFIE AOUTFFIE BOUTPFIE BOUTEFIE BOUTFFIE

Figure 7-42. Output FIFOs A/B Interrupt Enables

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Bit 5:

AOUTPFIE

A-OUT FIFO Programmable Flag Interrupt Enable

The 8051 sets AOUTPFIE=1 to enable an INT4 interrupt when the AOUTPFIR interrupt
request bit makes a zero-to-one transition. This transition indicates that the A-OUT FIFO byte
count has satisfied the fullness level programmed into the programmable FIFO flag register
AOUTPF.

Bit 4:

AOUTEFIE

A-OUT FIFO Empty Interrupt Enable

The 8051 sets AOUTEFIE=1 to enable an INT4 interrupt when the AOUTEFIR interrupt
request bit makes a zero-to-one transition. This indicates an A-OUT FIFO byte count of zero
(FIFO empty).

Bit 3:

AOUTFFIE

A-OUT FIFO Bull Interrupt Enable

The 8051 sets AOUTFFIE=1 to enable an INT4 interrupt when the AOUTFFIR interrupt
request bit makes a zero-to-one transition. This indicates an A-OUT FIFO byte count of 64
(FIFO full).

Bit 2:

BOUTPFIE

B-OUT FIFO Programmable Flag Interrupt Enable

The 8051 sets BOUTPFIE=1 to enable an INT4 interrupt when the BOUTPFIR interrupt
request bit makes a zero-to-one transition. This indicates a B-OUT FIFO byte count has satisfied the fullness level programmed into the programmable FIFO flag register BOUTPF.

Bit 1:

BOUTEFIE

B-OUT FIFO Empty Interrupt Enable

The 8051 sets BOUTEFIE=1 to enable an INT4 interrupt when the BOUTEFIR interrupt
request bit makes a zero-to-one transition. This indicates a B-OUT FIFO byte count of zero
(FIFO empty).

Bit 0:

BOUTFFIE

B-OUT FIFO Full Interrupt Enable

The 8051 sets BOUTFFIE=1 to enable an INT4 interrupt when the BOUTFFIR interrupt
request bit makes a zero-to-one transition. This indicates a B-OUT FIFO byte count of 64
(FIFO full).

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7.2.20 Output FIFOs A/B Interrupt Requests

ABOUTIRQ

Output FIFOs A/B Interrupt Requests

b5

b4

b3

b2

781A

b7

b6

b1

b0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

AOUTPFIR AOUTEFIR AOUTFFIR BOUTPFIR BOUTEFIR BOUTFFIR

Figure 7-43. Output FIFOs A/B Interrupt Requests

Bit 5:

AOUTPFIR

A-OUT FIFO Programmable Flag Interrupt Request

AOUTPFIR makes a zero-to-one transition when the A-OUT FIFO byte count satisfies the
required condition programmed into the programmable FIFO flag register AOUTPF. If enabled
by the AOUTPFIE Bit, this transition causes an INT4 interrupt request.
The 8051 writes a 1 to this bit to clear the interrupt request. The 8051 should clear the 8051
INT4 Bit (EXIF.6) before clearing the AOUTPFIR Bit in the interrupt service routine to guarantee that pending INT4 interrupts will be recognized.

Bit 4:

AOUTEFIR

A-OUT FIFO Empty Interrupt Request

AOUTEFIR makes a zero-to-one transition when the A-OUT FIFO byte count reaches zero
(FIFO empty). If enabled by the AOUTEFIE Bit, this transition causes an INT4 interrupt
request.
The 8051 writes 1 to this bit to clear the interrupt request. The 8051 should clear the 8051
INT4 Bit (EXIF.6) before clearing the AOUTEFIR Bit in the interrupt service routine to guarantee that pending INT4 interrupts will be recognized.

Bit 3:

AOUTFFIR

A-OUT FIFO Full Interrupt Request

AOUTFFIR makes a zero-to-one transition when the A-OUT FIFO byte count reaches 64
(FIFO full). If enabled by the AOUTFFIE Bit, this transition causes an INT4 interrupt request.
The 8051 writes a 1 to this bit to clear the interrupt request. The 8051 should clear the 8051
INT4 Bit (EXIF.6) before clearing the AOUTFFIR Bit in the interrupt service routine to guarantee that pending INT4 interrupts will be recognized.

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Bit 2:

BOUTPFIR

B-OUT FIFO Programmable Flag Interrupt Request

BOUTPFIR makes a zero-to-one transition when the B-OUT FIFO byte count satisfies the
required condition programmed into the programmable FIFO flag register BOUTPF. If enabled
by the BOUTPFIE Bit, this transition causes an INT4 interrupt request.
The 8051 writes a 1 to this bit to clear the interrupt request. The 8051 should clear the 8051
INT4 Bit (EXIF.6) before clearing the BOUTPFIR Bit in the interrupt service routine to guarantee that pending INT4 interrupts will be recognized.

Bit 1:

BOUTEFIR

B-OUT FIFO Empty Interrupt Request

BOUTEFIR makes a zero-to-one transition when the B-OUT FIFO byte count reaches zero
(FIFO empty). If enabled by the BOUTEFIE Bit, this transition causes an INT4 interrupt
request.
The 8051 writes a 1 to this bit to clear the interrupt request. The 8051 should clear the 8051
INT4 Bit (EXIF.6) before clearing the BOUTEFIR Bit in the interrupt service routine to guarantee that pending INT4 interrupts will be recognized.

Bit 0:

BOUTFFIR

B-OUT FIFO Full Interrupt Request

BOUTFFIR makes a zero-to-one transition when the B-OUT FIFO byte count reaches 64 (FIFO
full). If enabled by the BOUTFFIE Bit, this transition causes an INT4 interrupt request.
The 8051 writes a 1 to this bit to clear the interrupt request. The 8051 should clear the 8051 INT4
Bit (EXIF.6) before clearing the BOUTFFIR Bit in the interrupt service routine to guarantee that
pending INT4 interrupts will be recognized.

7.2.21 FIFO A/B Setup

ABSETUP

FIFO A/B Setup

781C

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

ASYNC

DBLIN

OUTDLY

DBLOUT

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 7-44. FIFO A/B Setup

Bit 5:

ASYNC

Select SYNC/ASYNC Slave FIFO Clocking

The ASYNC Bit controls how external logic synchronizes accesses to the A and B FIFOs.

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When the 8051 sets ASYNC=1, the A and B FIFOs operate asynchronously, whereby the
SLRD (Slave FIFO-READ) and SLWR (Slave FIFO-WRITE) pins are used as direct read and
write strobes.
When the 8051 sets ASYNC=0, the A and B FIFOs operate synchronously, whereby the SLRD
and SLWR pins are used as enable signals for the externally supplied FIFO clock XCLK. The
polarity of the enables, active-high or active-low, is controlled by the ABPOLAR Register (Section 7.2.22. "FIFO A/B Control Signal Polarities").

ASEL=1
AOE=LO
AFI [7..0] (PORTB pins)
Ain

CS
M

BFI[7..0] (PORTD pins)

BOE=LO
BSEL

LO
XCLK
SLW R

Figure 7-45. A-IN FIFO Double-Byte Mode

Bit 4:

DBLIN

Enable IN Double-Byte Mode

The 8051 sets DBLIN=1 to turn on the IN-FIFO double-byte mode. Figure 7-45 illustrates the
double-byte mode for the A-IN FIFO. The B-IN FIFO may also use this mode, in which case
the outside logic sets ASEL=0 and BSEL=1. For this illustration, signals ASEL, BSEL, AOE,
and BOE are programmed to be active high polarity.
In double-byte mode, external logic writes 16 bits of data into the A-IN or B-IN FIFO each time
it asserts the SLWR signal. The double-byte mode automatically writes two bytes for every
SLWR pulse in ASYNC mode or two bytes for every clock pulse in SYNC mode. The bytes are
taken from PORTD and PORTB, in that order. This provides a very efficient mechanism for
transferring 16-bit data into the 8-bit slave FIFOs.
If synchronous clocking is used in double-byte mode, consecutive writes must be separated by
at least one XCLK period to give the internal logic time to write both bytes into the FIFO. This
clocking restriction applies only to the double-byte mode. In normal operation, one byte per
clock can be loaded into a slave IN-FIFO.

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

OUTDLY=0

OUTDLY=1

XCLK
ASEL
SLRD
AOE
D[7..0]

N+1

N+2

Figure 7-46. A-OUT FIFO Delay Synchronous Reads

Bit 2:

OUTDLY

Delay Synchronous Reads

The OUTDLY Bit affects only synchronous reads of a slave FIFO. When OUTDLY=0, output
data is valid on the clock edge that corresponds to the SLRD signal being valid. When OUTDLY=1, the output data is valid one clock later.
Figure 7-46 shows two synchronous reads of the A-OUT FIFO, with the OUTDLY Bit first
equal to 0, then equal to 1. For this example, the SLRD, AOE, and ASEL signals are programmed to be active low.

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Bout

CS

BSEL=HI
AFI[7..0] (PORTB pins)
AOE=HI

L
ASEL

LO
BFI[7..0] (PORTD pins)

BOE=HI
XCLK
SLRD
Figure 7-47. B-OUT FIFO Double-Byte Mode

Bit 0:

DBLOUT

Enable FIFO-OUT Double-Byte Mode

The 8051 sets DBLOUT=1 to turn on the OUT-FIFO double-byte mode. Figure 7-47 illustrates the
double-byte mode for the B-OUT FIFO. The A-OUT FIFO may also use this mode, in which case
the outside logic sets ASEL=1 and BSEL=0. For this illustration, signals ASEL, BSEL, AOE, and
BOE are programmed to be active high polarity.
The double-byte mode automatically provides two FIFO bytes on PORTDand PORTB, in that
order, for every SLRD pulse in ASYNC mode or two bytes for every clock pulse in SYNC mode.
This provides a very efficient mechanism for transferring 16-bit data out of the 8-bit slave FIFOs.
In SYNC mode, consecutive reads must be separated by at least one XCLK period, to give the
internal logic time to retrieve both bytes from the FIFO.

7.2.22 FIFO A/B Control Signal Polarities

ABPOLAR

FIFO A/B Control Signal Polarities

781D

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

BOE

AOE

SLRD

SLWR

ASEL

BSEL

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 7-48. FIFO A/B Control Signal Polarities

Chapter 7. EZ-USB FX Slave FIFOs

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

These bits define the pin polarities for the indicated signals. The 8051 sets a bit LOW for active
low, and HI for active high. The default setting for all FIFO A/B control signals is active low polarity.

7.2.23 FIFO Flag Reset

ABFLUSH

Reset All FIFO Flags

781E

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

Figure 7-49. FIFO Flag Reset

The 8051 writes any value to this register to reset the FIFO byte counts to zero, effectively flushing
the FIFOs. Consequently, the byte counts are set to zero, the empty flags are set, and the full
flags are cleared.
Reading this register returns indeterminate data.

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7.3

FIFO Timing

Synchronous Write
XCLK
ASEL#
SLWR#
OEA#
AFI[7..0]*

2 x

3 x

4 x

AINFULL
* Data 4 is the 64th byte; data 5 is not written

Synchronous Read (OUTDLY = 0)

XCLK
ASEL#
SLRD#
OEA#
AFI[7..0]

AOUTEMTY

Figure 7-50. Synchronous Write/Read Timing

Chapter 7. EZ-USB FX Slave FIFOs

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Synchronous Double-byte Write

XCLK
ASEL
SLWR
OEA#
AFI[7..0]

L
x

BFI[7..0]

x
H

Synchronous Double-byte Read

XCLK
ASEL
SLRD
OEA#
AFI[7..0]
BFI[7..0]

L
X

L
H

Figure 7-51. Synchronous Double-byte Write/Read

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

Chapter 8. General Programmable Interface (GPIF)

8.1

What is GPIF?

The General Programmable InterFace (GPIF) is an extremely flexible 8- or 16-bit parallel interface
that allows designers to reduce system costs by providing a glueless interface between the EZUSB FX and many different types of external peripherals.
The GPIF allows the EZ-USB FX to perform local bus mastering to external peripherals using a
wide variety of protocols. For example, EIDE/ATAPI, printer parallel port (IEEE P1284), Utopia,
and other interfaces can be supported using the GPIF block of the EZ-USB FX.
To support a wide range of applications, the GPIF implements an extensive feature set that can be
modified to suit the design. As with other highly configurable chips, some initialization steps are
required. To support a range of interface styles, the GPIF provides multiple programmable I/O pins
and multiple registers to configure those pins.
This chapter provides an overview of GPIF, discusses external connections, and explains the operation of the GPIF engine.
Figure 8-1 presents a block diagram illustrating GPIFs place in the FX System.

Chapter 8. General Programmable Interface (GPIF)

Page 8-1

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

7900

GPIFADRL

GPIF

Counter

Program

GPIF

ADR
RDY
CTL

797F

USB
Data

Data
UIA
DMA
EP Buffers

Clock
Flags
AFI
BFI

FIFOs

8051

SGLDAT
R/W

Figure 8-1. GPIFs Place in the FX System

8.2

Applicable Documents and Tools

EZ-USB FX Data Sheet

EPP Reference Design

Mass Storage Reference Design

GPIF Tool A Windows application that assists GPIF firmware development. The GPIF
Tool can be found on the EZ-USB FX Developers Kit CD.

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8.3

Typical GPIF Interface

The GPIF allows the EZ-USB FX connect directly to external peripherals such as ASICs, DSPs, or
other digital logic that uses an 8- or 16-bit parallel interface.
The GPIF provides external pins that can operate as outputs (CTL0 to CTL5), inputs (RDY0 to
RDY5), Data bus (GDA[7..0] and GDB[7..0]), and Address Lines (ADR0 to ADR5).
A Waveform Descriptor in internal RAM describes the behavior of each of the GPIF signals. The
Waveform Descriptor is loaded into the GPIF registers by the 8051 firmware during initialization,
and it is then used throughout the execution of the 8051 code to perform transactions over the
GPIF interface.
Figure 8-2 shows a block diagram of a typical interface between the EZ-USB FX and a peripheral
function.

EZ-USB FX
Control Outputs
Ready Inputs

GPIF

Peripheral

Addresses
Data Bus

Figure 8-2. EZ-USB FX Interfacing to a Peripheral

The following sections detail the features available and steps needed to create an efficient GPIF
design. This includes definition of the external GPIF connections and the internal register settings,
along with 8051 firmware needed to execute data transactions over the interface.

Chapter 8. General Programmable Interface (GPIF)

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

8.4

External GPIF Connections

8.4.1 The External GPIF Interface

The GPIF provides many general input and output signals with which to interface your external
peripherals gluelessly to the EZ-USB FX.
The GPIF interface signals are shown in Table 8-1.
Table 8-1. GPIF Pin Descriptions
PIN

IN/OUT

Description

ADR[5:0]

Address outputs

GDA[7:0]

I/O

Bidirectional A-FIFO data bus

GDB[7..0]

I/O

Bidirectional B-FIFO data bus

CTL[5:0]

Programmable control outputs

RDY[5:0]

Sampleable ready inputs

Refer to the figure EZ-USB FX 128-pin Package on p. 13 of the CY7C64603/613 Data Sheet.
The Control Outputs (CTL0 to CTL5) are intended to be strobes, read/write lines, and other nonbused outputs.
The Ready Inputs (RDY0 to RDY5) sample a signal to allow a transaction to wait (inserting wait
states), continue, or repeat until the signal is at the appropriate level.
The GPIF Data Bus is a collection of the GDA[7..0] and GDB[7..0] pins.

A GPIF interface 8 bits wide uses pins GDA[7..0].

A GPIF interface 16 bits wide uses pins GDA[7..0] and GDB[7..0].

The GPIF Address lines (ADR0 to ADR5) can generate an automatically incrementing address
during a burst transaction. For non-burst transactions, these address lines remain static. For
higher-order address lines that may be needed, other non-GPIF I/O signals should be used.
The GPIF Clock can be either an internal 48MHz clock, or an externally-supplied clock from the
XCLK pin. If the XCLK_SEL pin is tied high, the GPIF clock is the XCLK pin. Otherwise, the GPIF
clock is the 48 MHz internal clock.

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8.4.2 Connecting GPIF Signal Pins to Hardware

The first step in creating the interface between the EZ-USB FX GPIF and your peripheral is to
define the hardware interconnects. This physical connection of GPIF signals to your interface signals determines the configurations that are necessary by your 8051 firmware.
1. Determine the proper GPIF Data Bus size. If your interface's data bus is 8 bits wide, use the
GDA[7..0] pins. If your interface's data bus is 16 bits wide, use GDA[7..0] and GDB[7..0].
2. Assign the CTL signals to your interface. Make a list of all interface signals to be driven by
your peripheral (outputs of the GPIF), and assign them to the CTL0 to CTL5 Outputs. If there
are more output signals than available CTL outputs, you need to use other, non-GPIF I/O signals and sample them manually using 8051 firmware. In this case, you should choose the CTL
outputs only for signals that must be sampled in the middle of a data transaction.
3. Assign the RDY signals to your interface. Make a list of all interface signals to be driven by
your peripheral (inputs to the GPIF), and assign them to the RDY0 through RDY5 Inputs. If
there are more input signals than available RDY inputs, you will need to use other non-GPIF I/
O signals and sample them manually using 8051 firmware. In this case, you should choose to
use the RDY inputs only for signals that must be sampled in the middle of a data transaction.
4. Determine the proper GPIF Address connections. If your interface uses an Address Bus,
use the ADR0 through ADR5 signals for the least significant bits, and other non-GPIF I/O signals for the most significant bits. You may leave these signals unconnected if you do not use
address signals, as with a FIFO.

8.4.3 Example GPIF Hardware Interconnect

The following example illustrates the hardware connections that can be made for a standard interface: a 27C256 EPROM.
Table 8-2. Example GPIF Hardware Interconnect
Step

Result

Connection Made

1. Determine the proper GPIF

Data Bus size.

8 bits.

Connect GDA[7..0] to
D0..D7 of the EPROM.

2. Assign the CTL signals to

your interface.

CS# and OE# are inputs to the

EPROM.

Connect CTL0 to CS#

and CTL1 to OE#.

3. Assign the RDY signals to

your interface.

There are no output ready/wait

signals from a 27C256 EPROM.

No connection.

4. Determine the proper GPIF

Address connections.

16 bits of address.

Connect ADR0..ADR5 to
A0..A5 and other I/O
ports to A6..A15.

The process is the same for larger and more complicated interfaces.

Chapter 8. General Programmable Interface (GPIF)

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

8.5

Internal GPIF Operation

8.5.1 The Internal GPIF Engine

The GPIF Engine is controlled by two blocks of registers in 8051 XDATA space:

GPIF Configuration Registers These registers configure the general settings and
report the status of the interface to the 8051, a total of 18 registers from 0x7824 to
0x783C. See the EZ-USB FX Register Summary and the remainder of this chapter for
details.

Waveform Memories A block of registers loaded by the 8051 with the Waveform
Descriptors that program the GPIF interface, a total of 128 bytes from 0x7900 to 0x797F.

The GPIF has 4 Waveform Memories. Each Waveform Memory holds a GPIF program containing up to 7 programmed Intervals. Each Interval is a 32-bit instruction for the GPIF Engine.
The 8051 must load these registers before initiating GPIF operation.

8.5.2 Global GPIF Configuration

The GPIF configuration registers allow for various modes of operation. These modes control the
global operation of the GPIF for all waveforms.

8.5.2.1 Data Bus Width

The GPIF can have an 8-bit or 16-bit wide data bus. It is selected by the BUS16 Bit (Bit 2) of the
IFCONFIG Register:

If BUS16 is 1, the data bus is 16 bits wide.

If BUS16 is 0, the data bus is 8 bits wide.

Refer to the figure EZ-USB FX 128-pin Package on p. 13 of the CY7C64603/613 Data Sheet.

8.5.2.2 Control Output Modes

The GPIF Control pins (CTL0 to CTL5) have several output modes:

CTL0 to CTL3 can actively drive CMOS levels 1 and 0, be open-drain, or tristate.

CTL4 and CTL5 can actively drive CMOS levels 1 and 0, or be open-drain.
If CTL0 to CTL3 are configured to be tristate-able, CTL4 and CTL5 are not available.

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Table 8-3. CTL Output Modes

TRICTL
(CTLOUTCFG.7)

CTLOUTCFG[6..0]

CTL0[3..0]

CTL[5..4]

0, 1, or tristate

Not Available

0 or open-drain

Open-drain

0, 1, or tri-stateable

Not Available

0 or 1

CMOS

Important: The TRICTL Bit controls the meaning of the OUTPUT field in all currently loaded
Waveform Programs.

8.5.2.3 Synchronous/Asynchronous Mode

The GPIF interface can be operated in Asynchronous or Synchronous mode:

In Asynchronous mode, the RDY inputs are double-sampled.

In Synchronous mode, the RDY inputs are single-sampled, improving performance.

The synchronous/asynchronous mode is selected via the SAS Bit (Bit 6) of the READY Register:
If SAS = 1, the RDY[5..0] Inputs are synchronous to the GPIF Clock, sampled at only one
rising edge of the GPIF Clock.
If SAS = 0, the RDY[5..0] Inputs are sampled at two rising edges of the GPIF Clock before the
appropriate GPIF Branch is taken.

8.5.3 Programming GPIF Waveforms

GPIF Waveforms are programmed by the programmer coding Waveform Descriptors.
Subsequently, the 8051 stores these descriptors into the Waveform Memories. The Waveform
Descriptors are the instructions to the GPIF engine what to do when that Waveform is
triggered. There are 4 Waveform Memories in the EZ-USB FX, one for each of the following types
of waveforms:

Single Write Waveform

Single Read Waveform

FIFO Write Waveform

FIFO Read Waveform

Chapter 8. General Programmable Interface (GPIF)

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

(See the WF_SELECT Register in Section 8.5.5.5. "Waveform Selector".)
Each Waveform Descriptor consists of up to seven 32-bit instructions that program key transition
points for all GPIF interface signals. These instructions are called Intervals because they have a
one-to-one correspondence to intervals of time in an actual waveform. For that portion of the
Waveform, an Interval defines, the

state of the CTL outputs

state of GDA[7..0] and GDB[7..0] (GPIF Data Bus)

use of the RDY inputs

behavior of the GPIF address bus.

Intervals always begin at the rising edge of the GPIF Clock.

8.5.3.1 The GPIF IDLE State

A Waveform consists of up to seven programmable Intervals (I0 to I6). Every Waveform terminates when the GPIF program branches to a special IDLE interval or IDLE state, which is by
convention Interval 7 (I7).
To complete a GPIF transaction, the GPIF program always branches to the IDLE state, regardless of the interval that the GPIF program is currently executing. For example, it is possible to
have a GPIF Waveform that has 3 Intervals: I0, I1 and I7. The GPIF program branches from I1 (or
I0) to I7 when it wishes to terminate.
The IDLE state is the time between two active GPIF transactions.
The state of the GPIF signals during the IDLE state is determined by the contents of the IDLE_CS
and IDLE_CTLOUT Registers.
The 8051 programmer must make sure the GPIF is IDLE before starting the next Waveform. The
8051 senses completion of a Waveform (the Waveform Program branching to the GPIF IDLE
state) by reading the DONE Bit (Bit 7) in the IDLE_CS Register.

If DONE is 0, the GPIF is Busy generating a Waveform.

If DONE is 1, the GPIF is Done (GPIF is in the IDLE state), ready for the 8051 to start the
next GPIF transaction.

Important: It is illegal to initiate any operation (except aborting the current transaction) when the
GPIF is Busy. Doing so yields indeterminate behavior, likely to cause data corruption.

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8.5.3.1.1

GPIF Data Bus During IDLE

During the IDLE state, the GPIF Data Bus (GDA[7..0] and GDB[7..0]) can be either driven or
tristated, depending on how the 8051 program has set the IDLEDRV bit (bit 0) of the IDLE_CS
Register.

If IDLEDRV is 0, the GPIF Data Bus tristates during IDLE.

If IDLEDRV is 1, the GPIF Data Bus is actively driven during IDLE. The value driven is the
last value driven by any GPIF Waveform program.

8.5.3.1.2 CTL Outputs During IDLE

During the IDLE state, the state of CTL[5..0] depends on the following register bits

TRICTL Bit (Bit 7) in the CTLOUTCFG Register (as described in the previous Control Output Modes.

IDLE_CTLOUT[5..0] Register bits.

The combination of TRICTL and IDLE_CTLOUT[5..0] define CTL[5..0] during IDLE as follows:

If TRICTL is 0, IDLE_CTLOUT[5..0] is the output state of CTL[5..0] during the IDLE state.

If TRICTL is 1, IDLE_CTLOUT[7..4] are the Output Enables for the CTL0 to CTL3 signals,
and IDLE_CTLOUT[3..0] are the Output values for CTL0 to CTL3.

Table 8-4 below illustrates this relationship.

Table 8-4. Control Outputs (CTLn) During the IDLE State

Control Output

CTLOUTCFG.7
TRICTL

IDLE_CTLOUT Output Enable

IDLE_CTLOUT
Output Bit

CTL0

Not Available

Bit 0 (CTL0)

Bit 4 (OE0)

CTL1

Not Available

Bit 5 (OE1)

CTL2

Not Available

Bit 6 (OE2)

CTL3

Not Available

Bit 7 (OE3)

CTL4

Not Available

Not Available

Not Available

CTL5

Not Available

Bit 5 (CTL5)

Not Available

Not Available

Chapter 8. General Programmable Interface (GPIF)

Bit 1 (CTL1)
Bit 2 (CTL2)
Bit 3 (CTL3)
Bit 4 (CTL4)

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

The CTL[5..0] lines are also affected by the corresponding bit in the CTLOUTCFG Register.

If the IDLE_CTLOUT Register and TRICTL Bit indicate that a 1 is to be driven, then a 1 in
the corresponding bit in the CTLOUTCFG Register makes the output an open-drain.

If the IDLE_CTLOUT Register and TRICTL Bit indicate that a 0 is to be driven, then a 0 in
the corresponding bit in the CTLOUTCFG Register makes the output actively drive a
CMOS high level.

8.5.3.2 Defining Intervals

Each Waveform is made up of a number of Intervals. A single Interval is defined by a 4-byte Waveform Descriptor, and it is defined as one of two basic types. Each Interval is programmed as either:

Non-Decision Point (NDP) Interval

Decision Point (DP) Interval.

It is possible to change only selected bytes of a Waveform Program. It is not necessary to reload
the entire program if only a few bytes change. Hence, the 8051 can quickly reconfigure the GPIF
when it is not Busy.
8.5.3.2.1 Non-Decision Point (NDP) Intervals
For NDP intervals, the control outputs (CTLn) are defined by the GPIF instruction to be either 1, 0,
or tristated during the entire interval. These types of intervals have a programmable fixed duration
in units of XCLK cycles.
For write waveforms, the data bus is either driven or tristated during the interval.
For read waveforms, the data bus is either sampled and stored as the read data or not sampled
during the interval.
Figure 8-3 below illustrates the basic concept for NDP intervals. A write waveform is shown, and
for simplicity all the intervals are shown with equal spacing. There are a total of six programmable
outputs, but only one (CTL 0) is shown in the Figure 8-3.
Remember that the 4-byte Waveform Descriptor defines the characteristics of each interval. For a
detailed definition of the 4-byte Waveform Descriptor, see Section 8.5.5.5. "Waveform Selector".

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I0

I1

I2

I3

I4

I5

I6

ADR[5..0]

GDA[7..0]
'Z'

VALID

'Z'

CTL0

Figure 8-3. Non-Decision Point (NDP) Intervals

The following paragraphs describe Figure 8-3,
In interval I0:
GDA[7..0] is programmed to be tri-stated
CTL0 is programmed to be driven to a logic 1.
In interval I1:
GDA[7..0] is programmed to be driven.
CTL0 is still programmed to be driven to a logic 1.
In interval I2:
GDA[7..0] is programmed to be driven.
CTL0 is programmed to be driven to a logic 0.
In interval I3:
GDA[7..0] is programmed to be driven.
CTL0 is still programmed to be driven to a logic 0.
In interval I4:
GDA[7..0] is programmed to be driven.
CTL0 is programmed to be driven to a logic 1.
In interval I5:
GDA[7..0] is programmed to be tri-stated
CTL0 is still programmed to be driven to a logic 1.
In interval I6:
GDA[7..0] is programmed to be tri-stated
CTL0 is still programmed to be driven to a logic 1.

Chapter 8. General Programmable Interface (GPIF)

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Since all intervals in this example are coded as NDP intervals, the GPIF automatically branches
from the last interval (I6) to interval 7, the IDLE state. This is the state in which the GPIF waits until
the next GPIF waveform is started by the 8051.
8.5.3.2.2 Decision Point (DP) Intervals
The second type of interval is the Decision Point Interval. Any interval can be designated as a DP
interval. A DP interval allows the GPIF engine to sample one or more of the RDY inputs (or other
internal signals) and branch to other intervals based on the current value.
With a decision point interval, the GPIF can perform simple tasks such as wait until a RDY line is
low before continuing to the next interval. Decision point intervals can also be more complex by
branching to one interval if the sampled signals result in a logic 1, and a different interval if they
result in a logic 0.
In a DP interval, the user specifies which two signals to sample. The two signals can be selected
from any of:

six external RDY signals

programmable FIFO flags
or the INTERNAL_READY Bit in the READY Register.

The user then specifies a logic function (AND, OR, or XOR) to apply to the two selected signals.
To select only one signal, simply select the same signal twice and specify the logic function as
AND.
In the Waveform Descriptor for the DP interval, the user then specifies which interval to branch to
if the resultant logic expression is a 0, and which interval to branch to if the resultant logic expression is a 1.
Below is an example waveform created using one decision point interval (I1) and non-decision
point intervals for the rest of the waveform.

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I0

I1

I2

I3

I4

I5

I6

ADR[5..0]

GDA[7..0]
'Z'

'Z'

VALID

CTL0

RDY0

Figure 8-4. One Decision Point: Wait States Inserted Until RDY0 Goes Low

I1
I0

I2

I3

I4

I5

I6

ADR[5..0]

GDA[7..0]
'Z'

VALID

'Z'

CTL0

RDY0

Figure 8-5. One Decision Point: No Wait States Inserted:

RDY0 is Already Low at Decision Point I1
In Figure 8-4 and Figure 8-5, there is a single decision point defined as interval I1. In this example,
the input ready signal is assumed to be connected to RDY0, and the Waveform Descriptor for I1 is

Chapter 8. General Programmable Interface (GPIF)

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

configured to branch to interval I2 if RDY0 is a logic 0 or to branch to interval I1 (wait indefinitely) if
RDY0 is a logic 1.
In Figure 8-4, the interface remains in I1 until the RDY0 signal is asserted.
In Figure 8-5, the RDY0 signal is 0 when I1 is reached, so the GPIF branches to I2.

8.5.3.3 Interval Waveform Descriptor

Each interval must be defined to perform your desired interface. To do this, each GPIF Interval has
a Waveform Descriptor made up of a 4-byte word that defines the intervals characteristics.
The four bytes that make up a single intervals Waveform Descriptor are:

LENGTH/BRANCH

OPCODE

LOGIC FUNCTION

OUTPUT.

Notice that there are 2 definitions for the Waveform Descriptors depending on whether the interval
is a decision point (DP = 1) or a non-decision point (DP = 0).
8.5.3.3.1 Non-Decision Point Waveform Descriptor
LENGTH/BRANCH
Bit 7

Bit 6

Bit 5

Bit 4

Bit 3

Bit 2

Bit 1

Bit 0

Number of XCLK cycles to stay in this interval (0 means 256 cycles)

OPCODE
7

GINT

INCAD

NEXT

DATA

DP = 0

LOGIC FUNCTION
7

Not Used

OUTPUT (if TRICTL Bit = 1)

7

OE3

OE2

OE1

OE0

CTL3

CTL2

CTL1

CTL0

OUTPUT (if TRICTL Bit = 0)

7

CTL5

CTL4

CTL3

CTL2

CTL1

CTL0

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8.5.3.3.2 Decision Point Waveform Descriptor

LENGTH/BRANCH
Bit 7

Bit 6

Bit 5

1BRANCH

Bit 4

Bit 3

Bit 2

Bit 1

Bit 0

0BRANCH

OPCODE
7

GINT

INCAD

NEXT

DATA

DP = 1

LOGIC FUNCTION
7

LFUNC

TERMA

TERMB

OUTPUT (if TRICTL Bit = 1)

7

OE3

OE2

OE1

OE0

CTL3

CTL2

CTL1

CTL0

OUTPUT (if TRICTL Bit = 0)

7

CTL5

CTL4

CTL3

CTL2

CTL1

CTL0

Chapter 8. General Programmable Interface (GPIF)

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

The following paragraphs describe each of the Waveform Descriptor registers and the fields within
each register.
OPCODE Register: This register sets a number of interval characteristics.
DP Bit: indicates whether the interval is a:
1 = Decision Point interval.
0 = Non-Decision Point interval.
DATA Bit: specifies what is to be done with the data bus during this interval.
During a write:
1 = drive the bus with the output data.
0 = tri-state (dont drive the bus).
During a read:
1 = sample the data bus and store the data.
0 = dont sample the data bus.
NEXT Bit: at the beginning of this interval, change the output data to the next byte from the
outputs FIFO.
1 = move the next data in the output FIFO to the top
0 = do not advance the FIFO
INCAD Bit: specifies whether to increment the GPIF Address lines ADR0..5.
1 = increment the ADR0..ADR5 bus at the beginning of this interval.
0 = do not increment the ADR0..ADR5 signals.
GINT Bit: specifies whether or not to generate a GPIF interrupt to the 8051 during this interval.
1 = generate 8051 GPIF interrupt when this interval is reached.
0 = do not generate interrupt.

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OUTPUT Register: This register controls the state of the 6 control outputs (CTL5-0) during the
entire interval corresponding to this Waveform Descriptor. For the following example, refer to
8.5.10 "CTLOUTCFG Register".
OEn Bit: specifies if the corresponding CTL output signal is tristated.
1 = drive CTLn:

If the CTLn Bit in the CTLOUTCFG Register is set to 1, the output driver will be
and open-drain.

If the CTLn Bit in the CTLOUTCFG Register is set to 0, the output driver will be
driven to CMOS levels.

0 = Tri-state CTLn.
CTLn Bit: specifies the state to set each CTL signal to during this entire interval.
1 = high level
0 = low level

LOGIC FUNCTION Register: This register is used only for decision point Waveform Descriptors. It
specifies the inputs (TERMA and TERMB) and the Logic Function (LFUN) to apply to those inputs.
Together these define which Branch to take in the LENGTH/BRANCH Register.
TERMA and TERMB Bits:
= 000 : RDY0
= 001 : RDY1
= 010 : RDY2
= 011 : RDY3
= 100 : RDY4
= 101 : RDY5
= 110 : Internal programmable FIFO flag
= 111 : INTERNAL_READY (Bit 7 of the READY Register)
LFUN:
= 00 : perform logical AND on selected inputs
= 01 : perform logical OR on selected inputs
= 10 : perform logical XOR on selected inputs
= 11 : perform logical XOR on selected inputs
The Inputs are sampled at each rising edge of the GPIF Clock (XCLK).

Chapter 8. General Programmable Interface (GPIF)

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

The resultant logic function (R_LFUN) is then tested by the GPIF engine to determine which
instruction to branch to (see the /LENGTH/BRANCH Register below) before the next rising
edge of the GPIF Clock.
This register is meaningful only for DP Instructions, that is, when the DP Bit of the OPCODE
Register = 1. (When DP = 0, this register is a dont care.)
LENGTH / BRANCH: This register has two different meanings depending on whether the instruction is a decision point or a non-decision point Interval:

For DP = 0 this is a LENGTH field the fixed duration of this Interval in units of XCLK
(48MHz for internal clocking, XCLK if externally clocked). A value of 0 means an interval
length of 256 clocks.

For DP = 1 this is a BRANCH field - determines the next interval to branch to.
1BRANCH: specifies which interval to branch to if the logic expression equates to a 1. 0 to
6, or 7 (IDLE)
0BRANCH: specifies which interval to branch to if the logic expression equates to a 0. 0 to
6, or 7 (IDLE)

Decision Point Example

To make the GPIF insert wait states (wait for a RDY signal), a reasonable practice is to code a
Waveform Descriptor that branches to itself if R_LFUN = 0, and to branch to the next instruction if
R_LFUN = 1. This has the effect of extending the Interval (inserting wait states) indefinitely, until
the R_LFUN that is programmed is 1.

8.5.3.4 Physical Structure of the Waveform Memories

Up to four different Waveforms can be defined at one time. Each Waveform is made up of up to 7
Waveform Descriptors and loaded into the Waveform Memory as defined in this section. Each
Waveform Memory is 32 bytes long, so the 4 Waveform Memories together are 128 bytes long.
Table 8-5. Waveform Memory Types
Waveform
Memory

8051
Base XDATA Address

0x7900

0x7920

0x7940

0x7960

Within each Waveform Memory, the Waveform Descriptors are packed as described in Table 8-6,
Waveform Memory Descriptors". Waveform Memory 0 is shown as an example. The other Waveform Memories follow exactly the same structure but at higher XDATA addresses.

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

Table 8-6. Waveform Memory Descriptors

XDATA
Address

Contents

0x7900

LENGTH/BRANCH[0] (LENGTH/BRANCH field of Instruction 0 of Waveform Program 0)

0x7901

LENGTH/BRANCH[1] (LENGTH/BRANCH field of Instruction 1 of Waveform Program 0, etc.)

0x7902

LENGTH/BRANCH[2]

0x7903

LENGTH/BRANCH[3]

0x7904

LENGTH/BRANCH[4]

0x7905

LENGTH/BRANCH[5]

0x7906

LENGTH/BRANCH[6]

0x7907

Unused (the Idle state)

0x7908

OPCODE[0] (OPCODE field of Instruction 0 of Waveform Program 0)

0x7909

OPCODE[1] (OPCODE field of Instruction 1 of Waveform Program 0, etc.)

0x790A

OPCODE[2]

0x790B

OPCODE[3]

0x790C

OPCODE[4]

0x790D

OPCODE[5]

0x790E

OPCODE[6]

0x790F

Unused (the Idle state)

0x7910

OUTPUT[0] (OUTPUT field of Instruction 0 of Waveform Program 0)

0x7911

OUTPUT[1] (OUTPUT field of Instruction 1 of Waveform Program 0, etc.)

0x7912

OUTPUT[2]

0x7913

OUTPUT[3]

0x7914

OUTPUT[4]

0x7915

OUTPUT[5]

0x7916

OUTPUT[6]

0x7917

Unused (the Idle state)

0x7918

LOGIC FUNCTION[0] (LOGIC FUNCTION field of Instruction 0 of Waveform Program 0)

0x7919

LOGIC FUNCTION[1] (LOGIC FUNCTION field of Instruction 1 of Waveform Program 0, etc.)

0x791A

LOGIC FUNCTION[2]

0x791B

LOGIC FUNCTION[3]

0x791C

LOGIC FUNCTION[4]

0x791D

LOGIC FUNCTION[5]

0x791E

LOGIC FUNCTION[6]

0x791F

Unused (the Idle state)

Chapter 8. General Programmable Interface (GPIF)

Page 8-19

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

8.5.4 Starting GPIF Waveform Transactions

Important: The following sections are critical to understanding how the GPIF works.
The 8051 can trigger four types of GPIF Transactions:

Single Read Transactions

Single Write Transactions

FIFO Read Transactions

FIFO Write Transactions.

Single Transactions produce a single data transfer using one of the GPIF Waveforms you have
designed. Single Transactions are typically used to access a control register of a device connected to the GPIF.
FIFO Transactions involve the A and B FIFOs. Multiple bytes of data can be written to a FIFO and
a transaction can be started that transfers all of the data using the GPIF Waveforms you have
designed. FIFO Transactions are typically used to move bursts of data to or from a device connected to the GPIF.

8.5.4.1 Performing a Single Read Transaction

To perform a Single Read Transaction, follow these steps:
1. Program the 8051 to initialize the GPIF registers and Waveform Descriptors.
2. Program the 8051 to read the SGLDATLTRIG Register to start a single transaction (using the
movx instruction).
3. Program the 8051 to wait for the GPIF to indicate that the transaction is complete.
A Transaction is complete when either DONE = 1 (in the IDLE_CS Register), or a GPIF Complete interrupt is generated.
4. Depending on the Bus Width Mode and the programmers desire to start another Transaction,
the 8051 can retrieve the data from the SGLDATH, SGLDATLTRIG, and/or the SGLDATLNTRIG Register.
In 16-bit mode only, the 8051 reads the most significant byte of data from the SGLDATH Register.
In 8- and 16-bit modes, the 8051 reads the least significant byte of data by either:

reading SGLDATLTRIG, which reads the least significant byte and starts another Single
Read Transaction.

reading SGLDATLNTRIG, which reads the least significant byte but does not start
another Read Transaction.

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

The following C program fragment illustrates how to perform a single Read transaction in 8-bit
mode:
// Declare some byte-wide variables.
unsigned char dummy, inDataLow, inDataHigh ;
// Initiate a (previously set up) GPIF Read transaction by reading
// the SGLDATLTRIG Register (into the variable dummy).
dummy = SGLDATLTRIG;
// Note: we are not yet ready to get the data; this register read
// merely initiates the Read transaction by starting a GPIF
// microcode routine.

//
//
//
//

If the GPIF microcode can take longer than one 8051 instruction,
we must wait for it to complete.
Otherwise, when reading the data below, we would be reading it
prematurely, and it would probably be garbage.

while (IDLE_CS & 0x80)

;

// Spin until the 0x80 bit of

// the IDLE_CS Register is
// cleared.

// Get the LS data byte, but do not start a new Read transaction.
inDataLow = SGLDATLNTRIG;

// For 16-bit mode, we would need to add the following line to

// get the MS data byte.
inDataHigh = SGLDATH;

Chapter 8. General Programmable Interface (GPIF)

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

8.5.4.2 Performing a Single Write Transaction

Single Write Transactions are simpler than Single Read Transactions. To run a Single Write Transaction perform the following steps:
1. Program the 8051 to initialize the GPIF registers and Waveform Descriptors.
2. Program the 8051 to write the SGLDATLTRIG Register to start a single transaction (using the
movx instruction).

In 16-bit mode, the most significant byte of the data is first written to the SGLDATH Register.

In both 8- and 16-bit modes, the 8051 starts a Single Write Transaction by writing to the
SGLDATLTRIG Register.

3. Program the 8051 to wait for the GPIF to indicate the transaction is complete.
A Transaction is complete when either DONE = 1 (in the IDLE_CS Register) or a GPIF Complete interrupt is generated.

8.5.5 GPIF FIFO Transactions

GPIF FIFO transactions allow single or burst accesses to the slave FIFOs. (See Chapter 7. "EZUSB FX Slave FIFOs").

Important: For GPIF transactions only, the GPIF is master to the slave FIFOs.

From the FIFOs point of view, the GPIF is the master that an external FIFO master circuit
would have been.

From the point of view of the GPIF, the GPIF is the master of the slave FIFOs.

8.5.5.1 The GPIF_PF Flag

The slave FIFOs have four Programmable Flags:

AINPFPIN

AOUTPFPIN

BINPFPIN

BOUTPFPIN

One of these flags is selected to control a given GPIF transaction. The selected flag is called the
GPIF_PF flag.

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The GPIF_PF flag is selected by the context of the trigger for the GPIF transaction.
Table 8-7. Selecting the GPIF_PF Flag
If the GPIF transaction is triggered by . . .

. . . then the GPIF_PF flag is the

Reading ATRIG

AINPF flag

Writing ATRIG

AOUTPF flag

Reading BTRIG

BINPF flag

Writing BTRIG

BOUTPF flag

8.5.5.2 Performing a FIFO Read Transaction

To perform a FIFO Read Transaction, do the following:
1. Program the 8051 to either read the ATRIG or the BTRIG Register, depending on which FIFO
is to receive the data.
2. Program the 8051 to detect completion of the Transaction. As with all GPIF Transactions, Bit 7
of the IDLE_STATE Register (the DONE bit) signals the completeness of the Transaction.
(See Step 2 of Section 8.5.4.1. "Performing a Single Read Transaction".)
3. Program the 8051 to move the data from the FIFO to an endpoint (or other 8051-accessible
memory) by doing either:

direct I/O

setting up and starting a DMA transfer.

8.5.5.3 Performing a FIFO Write Transaction

To perform a FIFO Write Transaction, do the following:
1. Program the 8051 to move the data from an endpoint (or other 8051-accessible memory) to
the desired FIFO (A or B) by doing either:

direct I/O

setting up and starting a DMA transfer.

2. Program the 8051 to either write the ATRIG or the BTRIG Register, depending on which FIFO
has received the data in Step 1.
3. Program the 8051 to detect completion of the Transaction. As with all GPIF Transactions, Bit 7
of the IDLE_STATE Register (the DONE bit) signals the completeness of the Transaction (See
Step 2 of Section 8.5.4.1. "Performing a Single Read Transaction".)

Chapter 8. General Programmable Interface (GPIF)

Page 8-23

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

8.5.5.4 Burst FIFO Transactions

There are two methods to set up the GPIF to automatically start the next transaction when the previous transaction has finished, repeatedly running Transactions that fetch (in 8-bit mode) a byte at
a time. The two methods for controlling and terminating Burst Transactions (always involving
FIFOs) are:

using a FIFOs GPIF_PF flag

using a Transaction Count.

Bit 7 of the transaction count registers determine which method to use for the appropriate operation.
There are four Burst Transaction types:

AIN

AOUT

BIN

BOUT.

Each FIFO Transaction Type is controlled by its own _TC Register.

For example, to perform a burst of reads from a device into the AFIFO using the GPIF_PF flag:
1. Program the 8051 to poll the GPIF_PF flag for the doneness of the Burst of Transactions.
2. Set AIN_TC.7 (FITC Bit) to 1. This tells the GPIF to continue executing read transactions
involving the AFIFO until the GPIF_PF flag is set.
3. To start the series of Transactions, read the GPIF_FIFOA_EXEC Register. The Transaction
runs. The GPIF runs repeated Transactions. The AFIFO fills with data.
4. As with all GPIF Transactions, the IDLE_CS.7 Bit (the DONE Bit) signals the completion of the
Transaction. (See Step 2 of Section 8.5.4.1. "Performing a Single Read Transaction".) In this
case the DONE Bit is set by the GPIF Engine when the AFIFO fills the waterline measured by
the GPIF_PF flag.

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

8.5.5.5 Waveform Selector

Waveform Selector

WF_SELECTOR
b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

7824
b2

b1

SNGL_WR_WF

SNGL_RD_WF

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Bits 7-6:

SNGL_WR_WF

FIWR_WF

b0

FIRD_WF

Single Write Waveform Index

Index to the Waveform Program to run when a Single Write is triggered by the 8051.

Bits 5-4:

SNGL_RD_WF

Single Read Waveform Index

Index to the Waveform Program to run when a Single Read is triggered by the 8051.

Bits 3-2:

FIWR_WF

FIFO Write Waveform Index

Index to the Waveform Program to run when a FIFO Write is triggered by the 8051.

Bits 1-0:

FIRD_WF

FIFO Read Waveform Index

Index to the Waveform Program to run when a FIFO Read is triggered by the 8051.
The default for this register is 11 10 01 00, which points each waveform index to the next Waveform Memory. In most applications, it is unnecessary to ever access the WF_SELECTOR Register,
provided the Waveform Memories are loaded with Waveform Programs in a logical way. (0 is
loaded with FIFO Read, 1 is loaded with FIFO Write, etc.).
Here is an example:
If: the 0th Waveform Memory is loaded with a Waveform Program (Waveform0) and the
WF_SELECTOR Register is never accessed (all fields set to their defaults)
Then Waveform0 runs when FIFO Read is triggered by the 8051.

Chapter 8. General Programmable Interface (GPIF)

Page 8-25

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

8.5.6 Data/Trigger Registers

GPIF Data H (16-Bit Mode Only)

SGLDATH
b7

7834

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

D14

D13

D12

D11

D10

D9

D8

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

D15

Bits 7-0:

Data To/From GDB[7..0]

16-bit mode: contains the data that gets written to the GDB]7..0] pins
8-bit mode: not used

Triggers GPIF Waveform

SGLDATLTRIG
b7

7835

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

D7

Bits 7-0:

Data To/From GDA[7..0]

Execute the single transaction in Waveform Memory.

Writing to this register causes a Single Write transaction to occur. The data sent to the peripheral is the data written to this register.
Reading this register causes a Single Read transaction to occur. The data appears in this register after the read. To avoid triggering an additional transaction, use the SGLDATLNTRIG
Register instead of this one.
To avoid triggering an additional read transaction, use the SGLDATLTRIG Register instead of
this one.

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NO GPIF Waveform Trigger

SGLDATLNTRIG
b7

7836

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

D7

Bits 7-0:

Data To/From GDA[7..0]

This register contains the data that was read, and mirrors the data in the SGLDATLTRIG Register.
Using this register does Not cause additional read transactions to take place, unlike the SGLDATLTRIG Register.

Chapter 8. General Programmable Interface (GPIF)

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

8.5.7 FIFO Operation Trigger Registers

There are two registers that initiate execution of the GPIF state machine using the FIFOs: ATRIG
and BTRIG.
Writing to the ATRIG Register causes a write transaction involving A- FIFO. Reading the ATRIG
Register causes a read transaction involving A-FIFO.
Similarly, write and read operations involving B-FIFO are initiated by write and read operations to
the BTRIG Register.
For information on how the GPIF_PF flag is determined by the FIFO trigger Register, which starts
the transactions(s), see Section 8.5.5.1. "The GPIF_PF Flag".
.
Single Write Transaction of A FIFO

ATRIG
b7

Reserved

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

782E
b1

b0

Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved

Single Write Transaction of B FIFO

BTRIG

b7

Reserved

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

7832

b1

b0

Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved

Bits 7-0:

Page 8-28

Single Read/Write FIFO

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

8.5.8 Transaction Count Registers

Four registers contain the Transaction Counts for FIFO Transactions:
Table 8-8. Addresses of Transaction Count Registers
XDATA
Address

Register
Name

Description

0x782C

AIN_TC

AIN FIFO Transaction Count

0x782D

AOUT_TC

AOUT FIFO Transaction Count

0x7830

BIN_TC

BIN FIFO Transaction Count

0x7831

BOUT_TC

BOUT FIFO Transaction Count

Each Transaction Count Register has two bit fields:

AIN_TC, AOUT_TC,
BIN_TC, BOUT_TC
b7

782C, 782D,
7830, 7831

Bit Fields of Transaction Count Registers

b6

b5

FITC

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

FIFO A in Transaction Count

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Bits 7:

FITC

FIFO T.C.

1 = Use FIFO GPIF_PF flag.

0 = Use Transaction Count

Bits 6-0:

Transaction Count

Transaction Count Number

For information on how the GPIF_PF flag is determined by the FIFO trigger Register, which
starts the transactions(s), see Section 8.5.5.1. "The GPIF_PF Flag".

Chapter 8. General Programmable Interface (GPIF)

Page 8-29

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

8.5.9 READY Register

Internal RDY, Sync/

Async, RDY Pin
States

READY
b7

7838

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

SAS

RDY5

RDY4

RDY3

RDY2

RDY1

INTRDY

b0

RDY0

Figure 8-6. Ready Register

Bits 7:

INTERNAL_RDY

Force Ready Condition

Bit to allow the 8051 to force a RDY condition to control a Waveform Instruction.
This bit is writable by the 8051. It is one of the bits that can be selected by a DP Instruction to
feed TERM_A or TERM_B of a DP Instructions LOGIC FUNCTION.

Bits 6:

SAS

Bypass Double Sampling of RDY

To achieve improved performance, use this bit to bypass double-sampling of synchronous

RDY inputs.
1 = Assume RDY[5:0] inputs are synchronous to the GPIF Clock, hence are sampled at only
one rising edge of the GPIF Clock.
0 = Re-synch RDY[5:0] inputs by double-sampling at two rising edges of the GPIF Clock.

Bits 5-0:

RDY_IN[5:0]

Current State RDY Pins

The current state of the RDY[5:0] pins, sampled at each rising edge of the GPIF Clock.

Page 8-30

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

8.5.10 CTLOUTCFG Register

CTL_OUT_CFG is a semi-static register (normally set it and forget it) that controls the configuration of the CTL[5:0] outputs.

CTL Out Pin Drive

CTLOUTCFG
b7

7827

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

CTL5

CTL4

CTL3

CTL2

CTL1

CT0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

TRICTL

Bits 7:

TRICTL

Number active outputs/tristating

This bit controls how many of the CTL[5:0] outputs are active (4 or 6), and whether those outputs can be tristated. (Tri-stating is only available only if using 4 CTL outputs).
This bit controls the meaning of the OUTPUT field in all currently loaded Waveform Programs.
If this bit is 1, Use only the four CTL[3:0] pins, where each of the four Outputs can be either
driven or tri-stated.
OUTPUT[7:4] of each Waveform Instruction:

if a bit is 1, tri-state the corresponding CTL[3:0] output.

if a bit is 0, drive the corresponding CTL[3:0] output.

OUTPUT[3:0] of each Waveform Instruction. Contains the value of the corresponding four
CTL[3:0] output.
If this bit is 0: Use all six CTL_OUTx signals, none tri-stateable.
See the discussion of the OUTPUT field in Section 8.5.10. "CTLOUTCFG Register".

Bits 6:

Reserved

Reserved

Bits 5-0:

CTL 5-0

Active CTL bits

Configuration of the 6 programmable CTL[5:0] pins.

Chapter 8. General Programmable Interface (GPIF)

Page 8-31

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

8.5.11 IDLE State Registers

The IDLE_CTLOUT and IDLE_CS Registers define the control and data signals during the IDLE
state, i.e., when the GPIF is not currently involved in a bus transaction, between transactions.

GPIF Done, GPIF

IDLE drive mode

IDLE_CS

7825

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

DONE

IDLEDRV

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Bits 7:

DONE

GPIF Idle State

0 = Transaction in progress.
1 = Transaction Done (GPIF is idle, hence GPIF is ready for next Transaction). Fires IRQ4 if
enabled.

Bits 6-1:

Reserved

Reserved

Bits 0:

IDLEDRV

Set Data Bus when GPIF Idle

When the GPIF is idle:

0 = Tri-state the Data Bus.
1 = Drive the Data Bus.

Inactive Bus, CTL States

IDLE_CTLOUT
b7

7826

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

CTL5

CTL4

CTL3

CTL2

CTL1

CTL0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 8-7. IDLE_CTLOUT 0x7826 Register

Bits 7-6:

Page 8-32

Reserved

Reserved

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

Bits 5-0:

CTL[5..0]

States of CTLOUT signals

Meaning depends on CTL_OUT_CFG[7]:

If CTL_OUT_CFG[7] == 1
IDLE_CTLOUT[7:4] controls whether to drive or tri-state outputs defined in
IDLE_CTLOUT[3:0] during the bus IDLE state.
If CTL_CTLOUT[7] == 0:
IDLE_CTLOUT[7:6] = RESERVED = 00
IDLE_CTLOUT[5:0] : Contains the values 0 or 1 for the 6 programmable outputs during the
bus IDLE state.
The IDLE_CTLOUT and IDLE_CS Registers define the control and data signals during the
IDLE state, i.e., when the GPIF is not currently involved in a bus transaction, between transactions.

Important: the IDLE_OUT_CTL Register contains the default states of the CTL_OUTx signals.
The IDLE_CS Register contains the done indication that tells the user that it is OK to go ahead
with another bus transaction. It also knows whether the data bus is tri-stated or driven when the
bus is not currently in use.

Note well: It is illegal to initiate any operation (except aborting the current transaction) when the
done Bit (IDLE_CS[7]) is 0. Doing so yields indeterminate behavior, likely to cause data corruption.

Chapter 8. General Programmable Interface (GPIF)

Page 8-33

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

8.5.12 Address Register GPIFADRL

GPIF Address Bus PIns

GPIFADRL
b7

782A

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

Reserved

ADR5

ADR4

ADR3

ADR2

ADR1

ADR0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Reserved

Bits 7-6:

Reserved

Reserved

Bits 5-0:

ADR[5..0]

GPIF Address Bus

Data written to the Register appears as the bus address on the ADR[5:0] pins during a GPIF
transaction.
This address does not change until a GPIF program is running. Specifically, the new value
does not appear on the Address Bus pins until one of the following is written:

SGLDATLTRIG Register

ATRIG Register

BTRIG Register.

Page 8-34

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

8.5.13 GPIF_ABORT Register

Abort GPIF Cycles

GPIF_ABORT
b7

Reserved

b6

b5

b4

b3

7839
b2

b1

b0

Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved

Figure 8-8. GPIF Abort Register

Bits 7-0:

D7-D0

Go GPIF IDLE state. Data is D.C.

Writing to the GPIF_ABORT Register aborts the current transaction on the bus, returns the
DONE Bit to 1, and causes the outputs to go to the state as defined in the IDLE_STATE Register. This is useful in debugging, and in systems that have a bus time-out or watchdog timer.

Chapter 8. General Programmable Interface (GPIF)

Page 8-35

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Page 8-36

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

Chapter 9. EZ-USB FX Endpoint Zero

9.1

Introduction

Endpoint Zero has special significance in a USB system. It is a CONTROL endpoint, and it is
required by every USB device. Only CONTROL endpoints accept special SETUP tokens that the
host uses to signal transfers that deal with device control. The USB host sends a suite of standard
device requests over endpoint zero. These standard requests are fully defined in Chapter 9 of the
USB Specification. This chapter describes how the EZ-USB FX chip handles endpoint zero
requests.
Because EZ-USB FX must enumerate without firmware (see Chapter 5. "EZ-USB FX Enumeration
& ReNumeration"), the USB core contains logic to perform enumeration on its own. This hardware assist of endpoint zero operations is made available to the 8051, simplifying the code
required to service device requests. This chapter deals with 8051 control of endpoint zero
(RENUM=1, Chapter 5. "EZ-USB FX Enumeration & ReNumeration"), and describes EZ-USB
FX resources, such as the Setup Data Pointer, that simplify 8051 code handling endpoint zero
requests.
Endpoint zero is the only CONTROL endpoint in EZ-USB FX. Although CONTROL endpoints are
bi-directional, the EZ-USB FX chip provides separate 64-byte buffers, IN0BUF and OUT0BUF,
which the 8051 handles exactly like bulk endpoint buffers for the data stages of a CONTROL transfer. A second 8-byte buffer, SETUPDAT, which is unique to endpoint zero, holds data that arrives in
the SETUP stage of a CONTROL transfer. This relieves the 8051 programmer of tracking of the
three CONTROL transfer phasesSETUP, DATA, and STATUS. The USB core also generates
separate interrupt requests for the various transfer phases, further simplifying code.
The IN0BUF and OUT0BUF Buffers have two special properties that result from being used by
CONTROL endpoint zero:

Endpoints 0-IN and 0-OUT are always valid. The valid bits (LSB of IN07VAL and
OUT07VAL Registers) are permanently set to 1. Writing any value to these two bits has no
effect. Reading these bits always returns a 1.

Endpoint 0 cannot be paired with endpoint 1, so there is no pairing bit in the USBPAIR
Register for endpoint 0 or 1.

Chapter 9. EZ-USB FX Endpoint Zero

Page 9-1

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

9.2

Control Endpoint EP0

SETUP Stage
S
A E C
E
D N R
T
D D C
U
R P 5
P
Token Packet

D
A
T
A
0

C
R
C
1
6

8 bytes
Setup
Data
Data Packet

A
C
K
H/S Pkt

SUTOK Interrupt
Core sets HSNAK=1

SUDAV Interrupt

DATA Stage
A E
I D N
N D D
R P

C
R
C
5

D
A
T
A
1

C
R
C
1
6

Payload
Data
Data Packet

Token Packet

A E
I D N
N D D
R P

A
C
K

C
R
C
5

D
A
T
A
0

Token Packet

H/S Pkt

Payload
Data
Data Packet

EP0-IN Interrupt

C
R
C
1
6

A
C
K
H/S Pkt

EP0-IN Interrupt

STATUS Stage
A E
O
D N
U
D D
T
R P

C
R
C
5

Token Packet

D
A
T
A
1
Data

C
R
C
1
6
Pkt

S
N
Y
A
N
K
C
H/S Pkt

....

A E
O
D N
U
D D
T
R P

C
R
C
5

Token Packet

D
A
T
A
1
Data

C
R
A
C
C
1
K
6
Pkt H/S Pkt

8051 clears HSNAK bit (writes 1 to it)

or sets the STALL bit.

Figure 9-1. A USB Control Transfer (With Data Stage)

Endpoint zero accepts a special SETUP packet, which contains an 8-byte data structure that provides host information about the CONTROL transaction. CONTROL transfers include a final STATUS phase, constructed from standard PIDs (IN/OUT, DATA1, and ACK/NAK).
Some CONTROL transactions include all required data in their 8-byte SETUP Data packet. Other
CONTROL transactions require more OUT data than will fit into the eight bytes, or require IN data
from the device. These transactions use standard bulk-like transfers to move the data. Note in Figure 9-1 that the DATA Stage looks exactly like a bulk transfer. As with BULK endpoints, the endpoint zero byte count registers must be loaded to ACK each data transfer stage of a CONTROL
transfer.

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The STATUS stage consists of an empty data packet with the opposite direction of the data stage,
or an IN if there was no data stage. This empty data packet gives the device a chance to ACK or
NAK the entire CONTROL transfer. The 8051 writes a 1 to a bit call HSNAK (Handshake NAK) to
clear it and instruct the USB core to ACK the STATUS stage.
The HSNAK Bit holds off completing the CONTROL transfer until the device has had time to
respond to a request. For example, if the host issues a Set_Interface Request, the 8051 performs
various housekeeping chores, such as adjusting internal modes and re-initializing endpoints. During this time, the host issues handshake (STATUS stage) packets to which the USB core responds
with NAKs, indicating busy. When the 8051 completes the desired operation, it sets HSNAK=1
(by writing a 1 to the bit) to terminate the CONTROL transfer. This handshake prevents the host
from attempting to use a partially configured interface.
To perform an endpoint stall for the DATA or STATUS stage of an endpoint zero transfer (the
SETUP stage can never stall), the 8051 must set both the STALL and HSNAK Bits for endpoint
zero.
Some CONTROL transfers do not have a DATA stage. Therefore, the 8051 code that processes
the SETUP data should check the length field in the SETUP data (in the 8-byte buffer at SETUPDAT) and arm endpoint zero for the DATA phase (by loading IN0BC or OUT0BC) only if the length
field is non-zero.
Two 8051 interrupts provide notification that a SETUP packet has arrived, as shown in Figure 9-2.

SETUP Stage
S
A E C
E
D N R
T
D D C
U
R P 5
P
Token Packet

SUTOK
Interrupt

D
A
T
A
0

8 bytes
Setup
Data
Data Packet

C
R
C
1
6

A
C
K

SETUPDAT
8 RAM
bytes

H/S Pkt

SUDAV
Interrupt

Figure 9-2. Two Interrupts Associated with EP0 CONTROL Transfers

The USB core sets the SUTOKIR Bit (SETUP Token Interrupt Request) when the USB core
detects the SETUP token at the beginning of a CONTROL transfer. This interrupt is normally used
for debug only.
The USB core sets the SUDAVIR Bit (Setup Data Available Interrupt Request) when the eight
bytes of SETUP data have been received error-free and transferred to eight EZ-USB FX Registers
starting at SETUPDAT. The USB core takes care of any re-tries if it finds any errors in the SETUP
data. These two interrupt request bits are set by the USB core, and must be cleared by firmware.
An 8051 program responds to the SUDAV interrupt request by either directly inspecting the eight
bytes at SETUPDAT or by transferring them to a local buffer for further processing. Servicing the

Chapter 9. EZ-USB FX Endpoint Zero

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

SETUP data should be a high 8051 priority, since the USB Specification stipulates that CONTROL
transfers must always be accepted and never NAKd. It is, therefore, possible that a CONTROL
transfer could arrive while the 8051 is still servicing a previous one. In this case the previous CONTROL transfer service should be aborted and the new one serviced. The SUTOK interrupt gives
advance warning that a new CONTROL transfer is about to over-write the eight SETUPDAT bytes.
If the 8051 stalls endpoint zero (by setting the EP0STALL and HSNAK Bits to 1), the USB core
automatically clears this stall bit when the next SETUP token arrives.
Like all EZ-USB FX interrupt requests, the SUTOKIR and SUDAVIR Bits can be directly tested and
reset by the CPU (reset by writing a 1). Thus, if the corresponding interrupt enable bits are set to
0, the interrupt request conditions can still be directly polled.
Figure 9-3 shows the EZ-USB FX registers that deal with CONTROL transactions over EP0.

Registers Associated with Endpoint Zero

For handling SETUP transactions
Initialization

Data transfer
SETUPDAT

USBIEN

8 Bytes of
SETUP Data

Global Enable:
T=Setup Token SUTOKIE
D=Setup Data SUDAVIE

Interrupt Control
USBIRQ

Interrupt Request:
T=Setup Token SUTOKIR
D=Setup Data SUDAVIR

SUDPTRH

15

14

13

12

11

10

SUDPTRL

Figure 9-3. Registers Associated with EP0 Control Transfers

These registers augment those associated with normal bulk transfers over endpoint zero, which
are described in Chapter 6. "EZ-USB FX Bulk Transfers".
Two bits in the USBIEN (USB Interrupt Enable) Register enable the SETUP Token (SUTOKIE)
and SETUP Data interrupts. The actual interrupt request bits are in the USBIRQ (USB Interrupt
Requests) Register. They are called STOKIR (SETUP Token Interrupt Request) and SUDAVIR
(SETUP Data Interrupt Request).
The USB core transfers the eight SETUP bytes into eight bytes of RAM at SETUPDAT. A 16-bit
pointer, SUDPTRH/L provides hardware assistance for handling CONTROL IN transfers, in particular the USB Get_Descriptor Requests, described later in this chapter.

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

9.3

USB Requests

The Universal Serial Bus Specification Version 1.1, Chapter 9, "USB Device Framework" defines a
set of Standard Device Requests. When the 8051 is in control (RENUM=1), the USB core handles
one of these requests (Set Address) directly, and relies on the 8051 to support all of the others.
The 8051 acts on device requests by decoding the eight bytes contained in the SETUP packet and
available at SETUPDAT (see Table 9-2). Table 9-1 defines these eight bytes.

Table 9-1. The Eight Bytes in a USB SETUP Packet

Byte
0

Field

Meaning

bmRequestType Request Type, Direction, and Recipient.

bRequest

The actual request (see Table 9-2).

wValueL

Word-size value, varies according to bRequest.

wValueH

wIndexL

wIndexH

wLengthL

wLengthH

Word-size field, varies according to bRequest.

Number of bytes to transfer if there is a data phase.

The Byte column in the previous table shows the byte offset from SETUPDAT. The Field column
shows the different bytes in the request, where the bm prefix means bit-map, b means byte, and
w means word (16 bits). Table 9-2 shows the different values defined for bRequest, and how the
8051 responds to each request. The remainder of this chapter describes each of the requests in
Table 9-2 in detail.

Table 9-2 applies when RENUM=1, signifying that the 8051, and not the USB core, handles device
requests. Table 9-2 shows how the core handles each of these device requests when RENUM=0,
for example when the chip is first powered and the 8051 is not running.

Chapter 9. EZ-USB FX Endpoint Zero

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Table 9-2. How the 8051 Handles USB Device Requests (RENUM=1)
bReques
Name
t
0x00
Get Status
0x01
Clear Feature
0x02
(reserved)
0x03
Set Feature
0x04
(reserved)
0x05
Set Address
0x06
Get Descriptor
0x07
Set Descriptor
0x08
Get Configuration
0x09
Set Configuration
0x0A
Get Interface
0x0B
Set Interface
0x0C
Sync Frame
Vendor Requests
0xA0 (Firmware Load)
0xA1 - 0xAF
All except 0xA0

Action

8051 Response

SUDAV Interrupt
SUDAV Interrupt
none
SUDAV Interrupt
none
Update FNADDR Register
SUDAV Interrupt
SUDAV Interrupt
SUDAV Interrupt
SUDAV Interrupt
SUDAV Interrupt
SUDAV Interrupt
SUDAV Interrupt

Supply RemWU, SelfPwr or Stall Bits

Clear RemWU, SelfPwr or Stall Bits
Stall EP0
Set RemWU, SelfPwr or Stall Bits
Stall EP0
none
Supply table data over EP0-IN
Application dependent
Send current configuration number
Change current configuration
Supply alternate setting No. from RAM
Change alternate setting No.
Supply a frame number over EP0-IN

Up/Download RAM
SUDAV Interrupt
SUDAV Interrupt

--Reserved by Cypress Semiconductor

Depends on application

In the ReNumerated condition (RENUM=1), the USB core passes all USB requests, except Set
Address, onto the 8051 via the SUDAV interrupt. This, in conjunction with the USB disconnect/
connect feature, allows a completely new and different USB device (yours) to be characterized by
the downloaded firmware.
The USB core implements one vendor-specific request, namely Firmware Load, 0xA0. (The
bRequest value of 0xA0 is valid only if byte 0 of the request, bmRequestType, is also x10xxxxx,
indicating a vendor-specific request.) The load request is valid at all times, so even after ReNumeration the load feature may be used. If your application implements vendor-specific USB
requests, and you do not wish to use the Firmware Load feature, be sure to refrain from using the
bRequest value 0xA0 for your custom requests. The Firmware Load feature is fully described in
Chapter 5. "EZ-USB FX Enumeration & ReNumeration".
To avoid future incompatibilities, vendor requests A0-AF (hex) are reserved by Cypress Semiconductor.

9.3.1 Get Status

The USB Specification defines three USB status requests. A fourth request, to an interface, is
declared in the spec as reserved. The four status requests are:

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

Remote Wakeup (Device request)

Self-Powered (Device request)

Stall (Endpoint request)

Interface request (reserved).

The USB core activates the SUDAV interrupt request to tell the 8051 to decode the SETUP packet
and supply the appropriate status information.

SETUP Stage
S
A E C
E
D N R
T
D D C
U
R P 5
P
Token Packet

D
A
T
A
0

C
R
C
1
6

8 bytes
Setup
Data
Data Packet

SUTOK
Interrupt

A
C
K

SETUPDAT
8 RAM
bytes

H/S Pkt

SUDAV
Interrupt

DATA Stage
A E
I D N
N D D
R P

C
R
C
5

Token Packet

D
C
A
R
2
T
C
Bytes
A
1
1
6
Data Packet

A
C
K
H/S Pkt

IN0BUF
64-byte
Buffer

STATUS Stage
A E
O
D N
U
D D
T
R P

C
R
C
5

Token Packet

D C
A R
T C
A 1
1 6
Data Pkt

A
C
K

IN0BC

H/S Pkt

Figure 9-4. Data Flow for a Get_Status Request

As Figure 9-4 illustrates, the 8051 responds to the SUDAV interrupt by decoding the eight bytes
the USB core has copied into RAM at SETUPDAT. The 8051 answers a Get_Status Request
(bRequest=0) by loading two bytes into the IN0BUF Buffer and loading the byte count register
IN0BC with the value 2. The USB core transmits these two bytes in response to an IN token.
Finally, the 8051 clears the HSNAK Bit (by writing 1 to it) to instruct the USB core to ACK the status stage of the transfer.

Chapter 9. EZ-USB FX Endpoint Zero

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

The following tables show the eight SETUP bytes for Get_Status Requests.

Table 9-3. Get Status-Device (Remote Wakeup and Self-Powered Bits)

Byte
0

Field

Value

Meaning

bmRequestType

0x80

IN, Device

bRequest

0x00

Get Status

wValueL

0x00

wValueH

0x00

wIndexL

0x00

wIndexH

0x00

wLengthL

0x02

wLengthH

0x00

8051 Response
Load two bytes into IN0BUF
Byte 0 : bit 0 = Self Powered Bit
: bit 1 = Remote Wakeup
Byte 1 : zero.

Two bytes requested

Get_Status-Device queries the state of two bits, Remote Wakeup and Self-Powered. The Remote
Wakeup Bit indicates whether or not the device is currently enabled to request remote wakeup.
Remote wakeup is explained in Chapter 14. "EZ-USB FX Power Management." The Self-Powered
Bit indicates whether or not the device is self-powered (as opposed to USB bus-powered).
The 8051 returns these two bits by loading two bytes into IN0BUF, and then loading a byte count
of two into IN0BC.
Table 9-4. Get Status-Endpoint (Stall Bits)
Byte

Field

Value

bmRequestType

0x82

IN, Endpoint

Load two bytes into IN0BUF

bRequest

0x00

Get Status

Byte 0 : bit 0 = Stall Bit for EP(n)

wValueL

0x00

wValueH

0x00

wIndexL

EP

wIndexH

0x00

wLengthL

0x02

wLengthH

0x00

Meaning

8051 Response

Byte 1 : zero
Endpoint Number

EP(n):
0x00-0x07: OUT0-OUT7

Two bytes requested 0x80-0x87: IN0-IN7.

Each bulk endpoint (IN or OUT) has a STALL Bit in its Control and Status Register (bit 0). If the
CPU sets this bit, any requests to the endpoint return a STALL handshake rather than ACK or
NAK. The Get Status-Endpoint Request returns the STALL state for the endpoint indicated in byte
4 of the request. Note that bit 7 of the endpoint number EP (byte 4) specifies direction.
Endpoint zero is a CONTROL endpoint, which by USB definition is bi-directional. Therefore, it has
only one stall bit.

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About STALL
The USB STALL handshake indicates that something unexpected has happened. For
instance, if the host requests an invalid, alternate setting or attempts to send data to a nonexistent endpoint, the device responds with a STALL handshake over endpoint zero instead
of ACK or NAK.
Stalls are defined for all endpoint types except ISOCHRONOUS, which do not employ handshakes. Every EZ-USB FX bulk endpoint has its own stall bit. The 8051 sets the stall condition for an endpoint by setting the stall bit in the endpoints CS Register. The host tells the
8051 to set or clear the stall condition for an endpoint using the Set_Feature/Stall and
Clear_Feature/Stall Requests.
An example of the 8051 setting a stall bit is a routine that handles endpoint zero device
requests. If an undefined or non-supported request is decoded, the 8051 should stall EP0.
(EP0 has a single stall bit because it is a bi-directional endpoint.)
Once the 8051 stalls an endpoint, it should not remove the stall until the host issues a
Clear_Feature/Stall Request. An exception to this rule is endpoint 0, which reports a stall
condition only for the current transaction, and then automatically clears the stall condition.
This prevents endpoint 0, the default CONTROL endpoint, from locking out device requests.

Chapter 9. EZ-USB FX Endpoint Zero

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Table 9-5. Get Status-Interface

Byte

Field

Value

Meaning

8051 Response

bmRequestType

0x81

IN, Endpoint

Load two bytes into IN0BUF

bRequest

0x00

Get Status

Byte 0 : zero

wValueL

0x00

wValueH

0x00

wIndexL

0x00

wIndexH

0x00

wLengthL

0x02

wLengthH

0x00

Byte 1 : zero

Two bytes requested

Get_Status/Interface is easy: the 8051 returns two zero bytes through IN0BUF and clears the
HSNAK Bit. The requested bytes are shown as Reserved (Reset to zero) in the USB Specification.

9.3.2 Set Feature

Set Feature is used to enable remote wakeup or stall an endpoint. No data stage is required.
Table 9-6. Set Feature-Device (Set Remote Wakeup Bit)
Byte

Field

Value

Meaning

bmRequestType

0x00

OUT, Device

bRequest

0x03

Set Feature

wValueL

0x01

Feature Selector:
Remote Wakeup

wValueH

0x00

wIndexL

0x00

wIndexH

0x00

wLengthL

0x00

wLengthH

0x00

8051 Response
Set the Remote Wakeup Bit

The only Set_Feature/Device Request presently defined in the USB Specification is to set the
remote wakeup bit. This is the same bit reported back to the host as a result of a Get StatusDevice Request (Table 9-3). The host uses this bit to enable or disable remote wakeup by the
device.

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Table 9-7. Set Feature-Endpoint (Stall)

Byte
Field
0
bmRequestType
1
bRequest
2
wValueL
3
4
5
6
7

wValueH
wIndexL
wIndexH
wLengthL
wLengthH

Value
Meaning
0x02 OUT, Endpoint
0x03 Set Feature
0x00 Feature Selector:
STALL
0x00
EP
0x00
0x00
0x00

8051 Response
Set the STALL Bit for the
indicated endpoint:.

EP(n):
0x00-0x07: OUT0-OUT7
0x80-0x87: IN0-IN7

The only Set_Feature/Endpoint Request presently defined in the USB Specification is to stall an
endpoint. The 8051 should respond to this request by setting the stall bit in the Control and Status
Register for the indicated endpoint EP (byte 4 of the request). The 8051 can either stall an endpoint on its own or in response to the device request. Endpoint stalls are cleared by the host
Clear_Feature/Stall Request.
The 8051 should respond to the Set_Feature/Stall Request by performing the following tasks:
1. Set the stall bit in the indicated endpoints CS Register.
2. Reset the data toggle for the indicated endpoint.
3. For an IN endpoint, clear the busy bit in the indicated endpoints CS Register.
4. For an OUT endpoint, load any value into the endpoints byte count register.
5. Clear the HSNAK Bit in the EP0CS Register (by writing 1 to it) to terminate the Set_Feature/
Stall CONTROL transfer.
Steps 3 and 4 restore the stalled endpoint to its default condition, ready to send or accept data
after the stall condition is removed by the host (using a Clear_Feature/Stall Request). These steps
are also required when the host sends a Set_Interface Request.

Data Toggles
The USB core automatically maintains the endpoint toggle bits to ensure data integrity for
USB transfers. The 8051 should directly manipulate these bits only for a very limited set of
circumstances:

Set_Feature/Stall

Set_Configuration

Set_Interface

Chapter 9. EZ-USB FX Endpoint Zero

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

9.3.3 Clear Feature

Clear Feature is used to disable remote wakeup or to clear a stalled endpoint.
Table 9-8. Clear Feature-Device (Clear Remote Wakeup Bit)
Byte
0

Field
bmRequestType

Value

Meaning

0x00

OUT, Device

bRequest

0x01

Clear Feature

wValueL

0x01

Feature Selector:
Remote Wakeup

wValueH

0x00

wIndexL

0x00

wIndexH

0x00

wLengthL

0x00

wLengthH

0x00

8051 Response
Clear the remote wakeup bit.

Table 9-9. Clear Feature-Endpoint (Clear Stall)

Byte
0

Field

Value

Meaning

8051 Response

OUT, Endpoint

Clear the STALL Bit for the

0x01

Clear Feature

indicated endpoint:.

0x00

Feature Selector:
STALL

bmRequestType

0x02

bRequest

wValueL

wValueH

0x00

wIndexL

EP

wIndexH

0x00

0x00-0x07: OUT0-OUT7

wLengthL

0x00

0x80-0x87: IN0-IN7

wLengthH

0x00

EP(n):

If the USB device supports remote wakeup (reported in its descriptor table when the device enumerates), the Clear_Feature/Remote Wakeup Request disables the wakeup capability.
The Clear_Feature/Stall removes the stall condition from an endpoint. The 8051 should respond
by clearing the stall bit in the indicated endpoints CS Register.

9.3.4 Get Descriptor

During enumeration, the host queries a USB device to learn its capabilities and requirements
using Get_Descriptor Requests. Using tables of descriptors, the device sends back (over EP0-IN)

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

such information as what device driver to load, how many endpoints it has, its different configurations, alternate settings it may use, and informative text strings about the device.
The USB core provides a special Setup Data Pointer to simplify 8051 service for Get_Descriptor
Requests. The 8051 loads this 16-bit pointer with the beginning address of the requested descriptor, clears the HSNAK Bit (by writing 1 to it), and the USB core does the rest.

SETUP Stage
S
A E C
E
D N R
T
D D C
U
R P 5
P
Token Packet

D
A
T
A
0

8 bytes
Setup
Data

C
R
C
1
6

Data Packet

A
C
K

SETUPDAT
8 RAM
bytes

H/S Pkt

SUDAV Interrupt

DATA Stage
A E
I D N
N D D
R P

C
R
C
5

Token Packet

D
A
T
A
1

Payload
Data
Data Packet

C
R
C
1
6

A
C
K
H/S Pkt

A E
I D N
N D D
R P

C
R
C
5

Token Packet

EP0IN
Interrupt

STATUS Stage
A E
O
D N
U
D D
T
R P

C
R
C
5

Token Packet

D C
A R
A
T C
C
A 1
K
1 6
Data Pkt H/S Pkt

D
A
T
A
0

C
R
C
1
6

Payload
Data
Data Packet

A
C
K
H/S Pkt

EP0IN
Interrupt

SUDPTRH/L
64 bytes

27 bytes

Figure 9-5. Using Setup Data Pointer (SUDPTR) for Get_Descriptor Requests
Figure 9-5 illustrates use of the Setup Data Pointer. This pointer is implemented as two registers,
SUDPTRH and SUDPTRL. Most Get_Descriptor Requests involve transferring more data than fits
into one packet. In the Figure 9-5 example, the descriptor data consists of 91 bytes.
The CONTROL transaction starts in the usual way, with the USB core transferring the eight bytes
in the SETUP packet into RAM at SETUPDAT and activating the SUDAV interrupt request. The
8051 decodes the Get_Descriptor Request, and responds by clearing the HSNAK Bit (by writing
1 to it), and then loading the SUDPTR Registers with the address of the requested descriptor.
Loading the SUDPTRL Register causes the USB core to automatically respond to two IN transfers

Chapter 9. EZ-USB FX Endpoint Zero

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

with 64 bytes and 27 bytes of data using SUDPTR as a base address, and then to respond to
(ACK) the STATUS stage.
The usual endpoint zero interrupts, SUDAV and EP0IN, remain active during this automated transfer. The 8051 normally disables these interrupts because the transfer requires no 8051 intervention.
Three types of descriptors are defined: Device, Configuration, and String.

9.3.4.1 Get Descriptor-Device

Table 9-10. Get Descriptor-Device
Byte

Field

Value

Meaning

8051 Response
Set SUDPTR H-L to start of

bmRequestType

0x80

IN, Device

bRequest

0x06

Get_Descriptor Device Descriptor table in RAM.

wValueL

0x00

wValueH

0x01

wIndexL

0x00

wIndexH

0x00

wLengthL

LenL

wLengthH

LenH

Descriptor Type:
Device

As illustrated in Figure 9-5, the 8051 loads the 2-byte SUDPTR with the starting address of the
Device Descriptor table. When SUDPTRL is loaded, the USB core performs the following operations:
1. Reads the requested number of bytes for the transfer from bytes 6 and 7 of the SETUP packet
(LenL and LenH in Table 9-10).
2. Reads the requested descriptors length field to determine the actual descriptor length.
3. Sends the smaller of (a) the requested number of bytes or (b) the actual number of bytes in
the descriptor, over IN0BUF using the Setup Data Pointer as a data table index. This constitutes the second phase of the three-phase CONTROL transfer. The core packetizes the data
into multiple data transfers, as necessary.
4. Automatically checks for errors and re-transmits data packets if necessary.
5. Responds to the third (handshake) phase of the CONTROL transfer to terminate the operation.
The Setup Data Pointer can be used for any Get_Descriptor Request; for example,
Get_Descriptor-String. It can also be used for vendor-specific requests (you define), as long as
bytes 6-7 contain the number of bytes in the transfer (Step 1).
It is possible for the 8051 to do manual CONTROL transfers, directly loading the IN0BUF Buffer
with the various packets and keeping track of which SETUP phase is in effect. This is a good USB

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training exercise, but not necessary due to the hardware support built into the USB core for CONTROL transfers.
For DATA stage transfers of fewer than 64 bytes, moving the data into the IN0BUF Buffer and then
loading the EP0INBC Register with the byte count would be equivalent to loading the Setup Data
Pointer. However, this would waste 8051 overhead because the Setup Data Pointer requires no
byte transfers into the IN0BUF Buffer.

9.3.4.2 Get Descriptor-Configuration

Table 9-11. Get Descriptor-Configuration
Byte

Field

Value

Meaning

8051 Response
Set SUDPTR H-L to start of

bmRequestType

0x80

IN, Device

bRequest

0x06

Get_Descriptor requested Configuration Descriptor

wValueL

CFG

Config Number

wValueH

0x02

Descriptor Type:
Configuration

wIndexL

0x00

wIndexH

0x00

wLengthL

LenL

wLengthH

LenH

table in RAM

9.3.4.3 Get Descriptor-String

Table 9-12. Get Descriptor-String
Byte
0

Field

Value

Meaning

8051 Response
Set SUDPTR H-L to start of

bmRequestType

0x80

IN, Device

bRequest

0x06

Get_Descriptor requested string Descriptor table

wValueL

STR

String Number

wValueH

0x03

Descriptor Type:
String

wIndexL

0x00

(Language ID L)

wIndexH

0x00

(Language ID H)

wLengthL

LenL

wLengthH

LenH

in RAM.

Configuration and string descriptors are handled similarly to device descriptors. The 8051 firmware
reads byte 2 of the SETUP data to determine which configuration or string is being requested, then
loads the corresponding table pointer into SUDPTRH-L. The USB core does the rest.

Chapter 9. EZ-USB FX Endpoint Zero

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

9.3.5 Set Descriptor

Table 9-13. Set Descriptor-Device
Byte
0

Value

Meaning

bmRequestType

Field

0x00

OUT, Device

Read device descriptor data over

Set_Descriptor

OUT0BUF.

bRequest

0x07

wValueL

0x00

wValueH

0x01

wIndexL

0x00

wIndexH

0x00

wLengthL

LenL

wLengthH

LenH

8051 Response

Descriptor Type:
Device

Table 9-14. Set Descriptor-Configuration

Byte

Page 9-16

Field

Value

Meaning

8051 Response

bmRequestType

0x00

OUT, Device

Read configuration descriptor

bRequest

0x07

Set_Descriptor

data over OUT0BUF.

wValueL

0x00

wValueH

0x02

wIndexL

0x00

wIndexH

0x00

wLengthL

LenL

wLengthH

LenH

Descriptor Type:
Configuration

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

Table 9-15. Set Descriptor-String

Byte
0

Field

Value

Meaning
IN, Device

8051 Response
Read string descriptor data over

bmRequestType

0x00

bRequest

0x07

Get_Descriptor OUT0BUF.

wValueL

0x00

Config Number

wValueH

0x03

Descriptor Type:
String

wIndexL

0x00

(Language ID L)

wIndexH

0x00

(Language ID H)

wLengthL

LenL

wLengthH

LenH

The 8051 handles Set_Descriptor Requests by clearing the HSNAK Bit (by writing 1 to it), then
reading descriptor data directly from the OUT0BUF Buffer. The USB core keeps track of the number of byes transferred from the host into OUT0BUF, and compares this number with the length
field in bytes 6 and 7. When the proper number of bytes has been transferred, the USB core automatically responds to the status phase, which is the third and final stage of the CONTROL transfer.

The 8051 controls the flow of data in the Data Stage of a Control Transfer. After the 8051 processes each OUT packet, it loads any value into the OUT endpoints byte count register to re-arm
the endpoint.

Chapter 9. EZ-USB FX Endpoint Zero

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Configurations, Interfaces, and Alternate Settings

A USB device has one or more configurations. Only one configuration is active
at any time.
A configuration has one or more interfaces, all of which are concurrently
active. Multiple interfaces allow different
host-side device drivers to be associated
with different portions of a USB device.

Each interface has one or more alternate

settings. Each alternate setting has a
collection of one or more endpoints.

Device

Config 1
High Power

Interface 0
CDROM
control

Alt Setting
0

Interface 1
audio

Config 2
Low Power

Interface 3
data
storage

Interface 2
video

Alt Setting
1

Alt Setting
3

ep

ep

O ne at a tim e

Concurrent

O ne at a tim e

ep

This structure is a software model; the USB core takes no action when these settings
change. However, the 8051 must re-initialize endpoints when the host changes configurations or interfaces alternate settings.
As far as 8051 firmware is concerned, a configuration is simply a byte variable that indicates
the current setting.
The host issues a Set_Coniguration Request to select a configuration, and a
Get_Configuration Request to determine the current configuration.

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9.3.5.1 Set Configuration

Table 9-16. Set Configuration
Byte

Field

Value

Meaning

8051 Response
Read and stash byte 2, change

bmRequestType

0x00

OUT, Device

bRequest

0x09

Set_Configuration configurations in firmware.

wValueL

CFG

Config Number

wValueH

0x00

wIndexL

0x00

wIndexH

0x00

wLengthL

0x00

wLengthH

0x00

When the host issues the Set_Configuration Request, the 8051 saves the configuration number
(byte 2 in Table 9-16), performs any internal operations necessary to support the configuration,
and finally clears the HSNAK Bit (by writing 1 to it) to terminate the Set_Configuration CONTROL
transfer.

After setting a configuration, the host issues Set_Interface commands to set up the various interfaces contained in the configuration.

9.3.6 Get Configuration

Table 9-17. Get Configuration
Byte

Field

Value

Meaning

8051 Response

bmRequestType

0x80

IN, Device

Send CFG over IN0BUF after

bRequest

0x08

Get_Configuration

re-configuring.

wValueL

0x00

wValueH

0x00

wIndexL

0x00

wIndexH

0x00

wLengthL

LenL

wLengthH

LenH

The 8051 returns the current configuration number. It loads the configuration number into EP0IN,
loads a byte count of one into EP0INBC, and finally clears the HSHAK Bit (by writing 1 to it) to
terminate the Set_Configuration CONTROL transfer.

Chapter 9. EZ-USB FX Endpoint Zero

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

9.3.7 Set Interface

This confusingly named USB command actually sets alternate settings for a specified interface.
USB devices can have multiple concurrent interfaces. For example, a device may have an audio
system that supports different sample rates, and a graphic control panel that supports different
languages. Each interface has a collection of endpoints. Except for endpoint 0, which each interface uses for device control, endpoints may not be shared between interfaces.
Interfaces may report alternate settings in their descriptors. For example, the audio interface may
have setting 0, 1, and 2 for 8-KHz, 22-KHz, and 44-KHz sample rates. The panel interface may
have settings 0 and 1 for English and Spanish. The Set/Get_Interface Requests select between
the various alternate settings in an interface.

Table 9-18. Set Interface (Actually, Set Alternate Setting AS for Interface IF)
Byte
0

Field

Value

bmRequestType

0x00

bRequest

0x0B

wValueL

AS

wValueH

0x00

wIndexL

IF

wIndexH

0x00

wLengthL

0x00

wLengthH

0x00

Meaning

8051 Response

OUT, Device

Read and stash byte 2 (AS) for

Set_Interface

Interface IF, change setting for

Alt Setting Number

Interface IF in firmware.

For this interface

The 8051 should respond to a Set_Interface Request by performing the following steps:
1. Perform the internal operation requested (such as adjusting a sampling rate).
2. Reset the data toggles for every endpoint in the interface.
3. For an IN endpoint, clear the busy bit for every endpoint in the interface.
4. For an OUT endpoint, load any value into the byte count register for every endpoint in the
interface.
5. Clear the HSNAK Bit (by writing 1 to it) to terminate the Set_Feature/Stall CONTROL transfer.

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

9.3.8 Get Interface

Table 9-19. Get Interface (Actually, Get Alternate Setting AS for interface IF)
Byte

Field

Value

Meaning

8051 Response

bmRequestType

0x81

IN, Device

Send AS for Interface IF over

bRequest

0x0A

Get_Interface

OUT0BUF (1 byte).

wValueL

0x00

wValueH

0x00

wIndexL

IF

wIndexH

0x00

wLengthL

LenL

wLengthH

LenH

For this interface

The 8051 simply returns the alternate setting for the requested interface IF, and clears the HSNAK
Bit by writing 1 to it.

9.3.9 Set Address

When a USB device is first plugged in, it responds to device address 0 until the host assigns it a
unique address using the Set_Address Request. The USB core copies this device address into the
FNADDR (Function Address) Register, and subsequently responds only to requests to this
address. This address is in effect until the USB device is unplugged, the host issues a USB Reset,
or the host powers down.
The FNADDR Register can be read, but not written by the 8051. Whenever the USB core ReNumerates, it automatically resets the FNADDR to zero, allowing the device to come back as new.
An 8051 program does not need to know the device address, because the USB core automatically
responds only to the host-assigned FNADDR value. The USB core makes it readable by the 8051
for debug/diagnostic purposes.

Chapter 9. EZ-USB FX Endpoint Zero

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

9.3.10 Sync Frame

Table 9-20. Sync Frame
Byte
0

Field

Value

Meaning

8051 Response

bmRequestType

0x82

IN, Endpoint

Send a frame number over

Sync_Frame

IN0BUF to synchronize endpoint.

bRequest

0x0C

wValueL

0x00

wValueH

0x00

wIndexL

EP

EP
Endpoint number

wIndexH

0x00

wLengthL

LenL

EP(n):
0x08-0x0F: OUT8-OUT15

wLengthH

LenH

0x88-0x8F: IN8-IN15

The Sync_Frame Request is used to establish a marker in time so the host and USB device can
synchronize multi-frame transfers over isochronous endpoints.
Suppose an isochronous transmission consists of a repeating sequence of five 300 byte packets
transmitted from host to device over EP8-OUT. Both host and device maintain sequence counters
that count repeatedly from 1 to 5 to keep track of the packets inside a transmission. To start up in
sync, both host and device need to reset their counts to 0 at the same time (in the same frame).
To get in sync, the host issues the Sync_Frame Request with EP=EP-OUT (byte 4). The 8051
firmware responds by loading IN0BUF with a two-byte frame count for some future time; for example, the current frame plus 20. This marks frame current+20 as the sync frame, during which
both sides initialize their sequence counters to 0. The 8051 reads the current frame count in the
USBFRAMEL and USBFRAMEH Registers.
Multiple isochronous endpoints can be synchronized in this manner. The 8051 would keep separate internal sequence counts for each endpoint.

About USB Frames

The USB host issues a SOF (Start Of Frame) packet once every millisecond. Every SOF
packet contains an 11-bit (mod-2048) frame number. The 8051 services all isochronous
transfers at SOF time, using a single SOF interrupt request and vector. If the USB core
detects a missing SOF packet, it uses an internal counter to generate the SOF interrupt.

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9.3.11 Firmware Load

The USB endpoint zero protocol provides a mechanism for mixing vendor-specific requests with
standard device requests. Bits 6:5 of the bmRequestType field are set to 00 for a standard device
request, and to 10 for a vendor request.
Table 9-21. Firmware Download
Byte
0

Field
bmRequestType

Value

Meaning

0x40

Vendor Request, OUT

bRequest

0xA0

Firmware Load

wValueL

AddrL

Starting address

wValueH

AddrH

wIndexL

0x00

wIndexH

0x00

wLengthL

LenL

wLengthH

LenH

8051 Response
None required.

Number of bytes

Table 9-22. Firmware Upload

Byte

Field

Value

Meaning

8051 Response

bmRequestType

0xC0

Vendor Request, IN None Required.

bRequest

0xA0

Firmware Load

wValueL

AddrL

Starting address

wValueH

AddrH

wIndexL

0x00

wIndexH

0x00

wLengthL

LenL

wLengthH

LenH

Number of Bytes

The USB core responds to two endpoint zero vendor requests, RAM Download and RAM Upload.
These requests are active in all modes (RENUM=0 or 1).
Because bit 7 of the first byte of the SETUP packet specifies direction, only one bRequest value
(0xA0) is required for the upload and download requests. These RAM load commands are available to any USB device that uses the EZ-USB FX chip.
A host loader program typically writes 0x01 to the CPUCS Register to put the 8051 into RESET,
loads all or part of the EZ-USB FX internal RAM with 8051 code, and finally reloads the CPUCS
Register with 0 to take the 8051 out of RESET. The CPUCS Register is the only USB register that
can be written using the Firmware Download command.

Chapter 9. EZ-USB FX Endpoint Zero

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

Chapter 10. EZ-USB FX Isochronous Transfers

10.1 Introduction
Isochronous endpoints typically handle time-critical, streamed data delivered or consumed in bytesequential order. Examples are audio data sent to a DAC over USB or teleconferencing video data
sent from a camera to the host. Due to the byte-sequential nature of this data, the EZ-USB FX chip
makes isochronous data available as a single byte that represents the head or tail of an endpoint
FIFO.
The EZ-USB FX chips that support isochronous transfers implement sixteen isochronous endpoints, IN8-IN15 and OUT8-OUT15. 1,024 bytes of FIFO memory can be distributed over the 16
endpoint addresses. FIFO sizes for the isochronous endpoints are programmable.

OUTnDATA Register
(n=8-15)

8051 FIFO

SOF
USB FIFO

INnDATA Register
(n=8-15)

USB
OUT
Data

8051 FIFO

SOF
USB FIFO

USB
IN
Data

Figure 10-1. EZ-USB FX Isochronous Endpoints 8-15

The 8051 reads or writes isochronous data using sixteen FIFO data registers, one per endpoint.
These FIFO registers are shown in Figure 10-1 as INnDATA (Endpoint n IN Data) and OUTnDATA
(Endpoint n OUT Data).

Chapter 10. EZ-USB FX Isochronous Transfers

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

The USB core provides a total of 2,048 bytes of FIFO memory (1,024 bytes, double-buffered) for
ISO endpoints. This memory is in addition to the 8051 program/data memory, and normally exists
outside of the 8051 memory space. The 1,024 FIFO bytes may be divided among the sixteen isochronous endpoints. The 8051 writes sixteen EZ-USB FX registers to allocate the FIFO buffer
space to the isochronous endpoints. The 8051 also sets endpoint valid bits to enable isochronous
endpoints.

10.2 Isochronous IN Transfers

IN transfers travel from device to host. Figure 10-2 shows the EZ-USB FX registers and bits associated with isochronous IN transfers.

Registers Associated with an ISO IN endpoint

(EP8IN shown as example)

Initialization
INISOVAL

15

14

13

12

Data transfer

11

10

IN8DATA

Endpoint Valid (1=valid)

IN8ADDR

A9

A8

A7

A6

A5

A4

Data to USB
0

FIFO Start Address (see text)

USBPAIR

USBIRQ

SOFIR (1=clear request)

0

ISOSEND0 (see text)

USBIEN

SOFIE (1=enabled)

Figure 10-2. Isochronous IN Endpoint Registers

10.2.1 Initialization
To initialize an isochronous IN endpoint, the 8051 performs the following:
1. Sets the endpoint valid bit for the endpoint.
2. Sets the endpoints FIFO size by loading a starting address (Section 10.4. "Setting Isochronous FIFO Sizes").
3. Sets the ISOSEND0 Bit in the USBPAIR Register for the desired response.

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

4. Enables the SOF Interrupt. All isochronous endpoints are serviced in response to the SOF
Interrupt.
5. Sets the INT2SFR Bit in USBBAV to enable INT 2 clearing via the INT2CLR SFR Register.
The USB core uses the ISOSEND0 Bit to determine what to do if:

The 8051 does not load any bytes to an INnDATA Register during the previous frame, and

An IN token for that endpoint arrives from the host.

If ISOSEND0=0 (the default value), the USB core does not respond to the IN token. If
ISOSEND0=1, the USB core sends a zero-length data packet in response to the IN token. The
action to take depends on the overall system design. The ISOSEND0 Bit applies to all of the isochronous IN endpoints, EP8IN through EP15IN.

10.2.2 IN Data Transfers

When an SOF Interrupt occurs, the 8051 is presented with empty IN FIFOs that it fills with data to
be transferred to the host during the next frame. The 8051 has 1 ms to transfer data into these
FIFOs before the next SOF Interrupt arrives.
To respond to the SOF Interrupt, the 8051 clears the USB Interrupt (8051 INT2) by clearing EXIF.4,
and clears the SOFIR (Start Of Frame Interrupt Request) Bit by writing any value to the INT2CLR
Register. Then, the 8051 loads data into the appropriate isochronous INnDATA FIFO Register(s).
The USB core keeps track of the number of bytes the 8051 loads to each INnDATA Register, and
subsequently transfers the correct number of bytes in response to the USB IN token during the
next frame.
The isochronous FIFO swap occurs every SOF, even if during the previous frame the host did not
issue an IN token to read the isochronous FIFO data, or if the host encountered an error in the
data. USB isochronous data has no re-try mechanism, like bulk data.

10.3 Isochronous OUT Transfers

OUT transfers travel from host to device. Figure 10-3 shows the EZ-USB FX registers and bits
associated with isochronous OUT transfers.

Chapter 10. EZ-USB FX Isochronous Transfers

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Registers Associated with an ISO OUT endpoint

(EP15OUT shown as example)

Data transfer

Initialization
OUTISOVAL

14

15

13

12

11

10

OUT15DATA

A9

A8

A7

A6

A5

A4

FIFO Start Address (see text)

USBIEN

Data from USB

Endpoint Valid (1=valid)

OUT15ADDR

USBIRQ

SOFIR (1=clear request)

SOFIE (1=enabled)

OUT15BCH

OUT15BCL

Received Byte Count (H)

6

Received Byte Count (L)

ISOERR

15

14

13

12

11

10

OUT15 CRC Error (1=error)

Figure 10-3. Isochronous OUT Registers

10.3.1 Initialization
To initialize an isochronous OUT endpoint, the 8051:

Sets the endpoint valid bit for the endpoint.

Sets the endpoints FIFO size by loading a starting address (Section 10.4. "Setting Isochronous FIFO Sizes").

Enables the SOF Interrupt. All isochronous endpoints are serviced in response to the SOF
Interrupt.

Sets the INT2SFR Bit in USBBAV to enable INT 2 clearing via the INT2CLR SFR.

10.3.2 OUT Data Transfer

When an SOF Interrupt occurs, the 8051 is presented with FIFOs containing OUT data sent from
the host in the previous frame, along with 10-bit byte counts, indicating how many bytes are in the
FIFOs. The 8051 has 1 ms to transfer data out of these FIFOs before the next SOF Interrupt
arrives.

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

To respond to the SOF Interrupt, the 8051 clears the USB Interrupt (8051 INT2), and clears the
SOFIR Bit by writing 1 to it. Then, the 8051 reads data from the appropriate OUTnDATA FIFO
Register(s). The 8051 can check an error bit in the ISOERR Register to determine if a CRC error
occurred for the endpoint data. Isochronous data is never re-sent, so the firmware must decide
what to do with bad-CRC data.

10.4 Setting Isochronous FIFO Sizes

Up to sixteen EZ-USB FX isochronous endpoints share an EZ-USB FX 1,024-byte RAM, which
can be configured as one to sixteen FIFOs. The 8051 initializes the endpoint FIFO sizes by specifying the starting address for each FIFO within the 1,024 bytes, starting at address zero. The isochronous FIFOs can exist anywhere in the 1,024 bytes, but the user must take care to ensure that
there is sufficient space between start addresses to accommodate the endpoint FIFO size.
Sixteen start address registers set the isochronous FIFO sizes (Table 10-1). The USB core constructs the address writing the 1,024 byte range from the register value as shown in Figure 10-4.

Address
A9

A8

A7

A6

A5

A4

Register
Figure 10-4. FIFO Start Address Format

Chapter 10. EZ-USB FX Isochronous Transfers

Page 10-5

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Table 10-1. Isochronous Endpoint FIFO Starting Address Registers

Register

Function

OUT8ADDR

Endpoint 8 OUT Start Address

OUT9ADDR

Endpoint 9 OUT Start Address

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

A9

A8

A7

A6

A5

A4

A9

A8

A7

A6

A5

A4

OUT10ADDR Endpoint 10 OUT Start Address

A9

A8

A7

A6

A5

A4

OUT11ADDR Endpoint 11 OUT Start Address

A9

A8

A7

A6

A5

A4

OUT12ADDR Endpoint 12 OUT Start Address

A9

A8

A7

A6

A5

A4

OUT13ADDR Endpoint 13 OUT Start Address

A9

A8

A7

A6

A5

A4

OUT14ADDR Endpoint 14 OUT Start Address

A9

A8

A7

A6

A5

A4

OUT15ADDR Endpoint 15 OUT Start Address

A9

A8

A7

A6

A5

A4

IN8ADDR

A9

A8

A7

A6

A5

A4

Endpoint 8 IN Start Address

IN9ADDR

Endpoint 9 IN Start Address

A9

A8

A7

A6

A5

A4

IN10ADDR

Endpoint 10 IN Start Address

A9

A8

A7

A6

A5

A4

IN11ADDR

Endpoint 11 IN Start Address

A9

A8

A7

A6

A5

A4

IN12ADDR

Endpoint 12 IN Start Address

A9

A8

A7

A6

A5

A4

IN13ADDR

Endpoint 13 IN Start Address

A9

A8

A7

A6

A5

A4

IN14ADDR

Endpoint 14 IN Start Address

A9

A8

A7

A6

A5

A4

IN15ADDR

Endpoint 15 IN Start Address

A9

A8

A7

A6

A5

A4

The size of an isochronous endpoint FIFO is determined by subtracting consecutive addresses in

Table 10-1, and multiplying by four. Values written to these registers must have the two LSBs set
to zero. The last endpoint, EP15IN, has a size of 1,024 minus IN15ADDR times four
[(1024-IN15ADDR)4]. Because the 10-bit effective address has the four LSBs set to zero (Figure
10-4), the FIFO sizes are allocated in increments of 16 bytes. For example, if OUT8ADDR=0x00
and OUT9ADDR=0x04, EP8OUT has a FIFO size of the difference multiplied by four or 16 bytes.
An 8051 assembler or C compiler may be used to translate FIFO sizes into starting addresses.
The assembler example in Figure 10-5 shows a block of equates for the 16 isochronous FIFO
sizes, followed by assembler equations to compute the corresponding FIFO relative address values. To initialize all sixteen FIFO sizes, the 8051 merely copies the table starting at 8OUTAD to the
sixteen EZ-USB FX registers starting at OUT8ADDR.

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

0100
0100
0010
0010
0010
0010
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
;
0000
0040
0044
0048
0048
0048
0048
0048
0048
0088
008C
0090
0090
0090
0090
0090

EP8INSZ
EP8OUTSZ
EP9INSZ
EP9OUTSZ
EP10INSZ
EP10OUTSZ
EP11INSZ
EP11OUTSZ
EP12INSZ
EP12OUTSZ
EP13INSZ
EP13OUTSZ
EP14INSZ
EP14OUTSZ
EP15INSZ
EP15OUTSZ

equ
equ
equ
equ
equ
equ
equ
equ
equ
equ
equ
equ
equ
equ
equ
equ

256
256
16
16
16
16
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

; Iso FIFO sizes in bytes

8OUTAD
9OUTAD
10OUTAD
11OUTAD
12OUTAD
13OUTAD
14OUTAD
15OUTAD
8INAD
9INAD
10INAD
11INAD
12INAD
13INAD
14INAD
15INAD

equ
equ
equ
equ
equ
equ
equ
equ
equ
equ
equ
equ
equ
equ
equ
equ

0
8OUTAD
9OUTAD
10OUTAD
11OUTAD
12OUTAD
13OUTAD
14OUTAD
15OUTAD
8INAD
9INAD
10INAD
11INAD
12INAD
13INAD
14INAD

; Load these 16 bytes into ADDR regs starting OUT8ADDR

+ Low(EP8OUTSZ/4)
+ Low(EP9OUTSZ/4)
+ Low(EP10OUTSZ/4)
+ Low(EP11OUTSZ/4)
+ Low(EP12OUTSZ/4)
+ Low(EP13OUTSZ/4)
+ Low(EP14OUTSZ/4)
+ Low(EP15OUTSZ/4)
+ Low(EP8INSZ/4)
+ Low(EP9INSZ/4)
+ Low(EP10INSZ/4)
+ Low(EP11INSZ/4)
+ Low(EP12INSZ/4)
+ Low(EP13INSZ/4)
+ Low(EP14INSZ/4)

Figure 10-5. Using Assembler to Translate the FIFO Sizes to Addresses

The assembler computes starting addresses (Figure 10-5) by adding the previous endpoints
address to the desired size shifted right twice. This aligns A9 with bit 7 as shown in Table 10-1. The
LOW operator takes the low byte of the resulting 16-bit expression
The user of this code must ensure that the sizes given in the first equate block are all multiples of
16. This is easy to tell by inspectionthe least significant digit of the hex values in the first column
should be zero.

10.5 Isochronous Transfer Speed

The amount of data USB can transfer during a 1-ms frame is slightly more than 1,000 bytes per
frame (1,500 bytes theoretical, without accounting for USB overhead and bus utilization). A

Chapter 10. EZ-USB FX Isochronous Transfers

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

devices actual isochronous transfer bandwidth is usually determined by how fast the CPU can
move data in and out of its isochronous endpoint FIFOs.
The 8051 code example in Figure 10-6 shows a typical transfer loop for moving external FIFO
data into an IN endpoint FIFO. This code assumes that the 8051 is moving data from an external
FIFO attached to the EZ-USB FX data bus and strobed by the RD signal, into an internal isochronous IN FIFO.

mov
mov
movx
mov
clr
movx
mov
mov
movx
mov
mov
movx
mov

dptr, #DMASRCH
a, #080h
@dptr, a
dptr, #DMASRCL
a
@dptr, a
dptr, #DMADESTH
a, #low(IN8DATA)
@dptr, a
dptr, #DMADESTL
a, #hi(IN8DATA)
@dptr, a
dptr, #DMALEN

mov
movx
mov

a, #nbytes
@dptr, a
dptr, #DMAGO

movx

@dptr, a

;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;

(3) Set up the DMA source to be 0x8000 in external memory

(2)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(3) Set up the DMA destination to be the IN8DATA fifo
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3) Load the length register. Note that this code
will only support up to 0xff bytes.
(2)
(2)
(3) Start the DMA. It will run in parallel with the
8051 code for nbytes/4 8051 cyclesexternal
Note that this code must be running in internal memory and
that memory cannot be used during the DMA (Maximum 64 8051
clocks long)
(2)

Figure 10-6. 8051 Data Transfer to Isochronous FIFO (IN8DATA) w/DMA

This code sets up a transfer in thirty-five 8051 cycles and then completes the transfer via DMA in
64 clocks for 256 bytes. Using 99 cycles for 256 bytes provides a net ISO transfer rate of
31Mbytes/second (with a 48Mhz 8051). In other words, performing the ISO transfer only uses
3.3% of the processor MIPS, leaving the entire 8051 available for other processing.

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10.6 Other Isochronous Registers

Two additional registers, ISOCTL and ZBCOUT, provide additional isochronous endpoint features.

10.6.1 Disable ISO

ISOCTL

Isochronous Control

7FA1

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

PPSTAT

MBZ

MBZ

ISODISAB

Figure 10-7. ISOCTL Register

Bit zero of the ISOCTL Register is called ISODISAB. When the 8051 sets ISODISAB=1, all sixteen
of EZ-USB FX endpoints are disabled. If ISODISAB=1, EP8IN-EP15IN and EP8OUT-EP15OUT
should not be used. ISODISAB is cleared at power-on.
When ISODISAB=1, the 2,048 bytes of RAM normally used for isochronous buffers is available to
the 8051 as XDATA RAM (not program memory), from 0x2000 to 0x27FF in internal memory.
When ISODISAB=1, the behavior of the RD# and WR# strobe signals changes to reflect the additional 2 KB of memory inside the EZ-USB FX chip. This is shown in Table 10-2.
Table 10-2. Addresses for RD# and WR# vs. ISODISAB Bit
ISODISAB

RD#, WR#

0
(default)

20007B40,
8000-FFFF

28007B40,
8000-FFFF

ISOCTL Register bits listed as MBZ (must be zero) in Figure 10-7 must be written with zeros. The
PPSTAT Bit toggles every SOF, and may be written with any value (no effect). Therefore, to disable
the isochronous endpoints, the 8051 should write the value 0x01 to the ISOCTL Register.

Caution! If you use this option, be absolutely certain that the host never sends isochronous
data to your device. Isochronous data directed to a disabled isochronous endpoint system causes
unpredictable operation.

Chapter 10. EZ-USB FX Isochronous Transfers

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

The Autopointer is not usable from 0x2000-0x27FF (the reclaimed ISO buffer RAM) when ISODISAB=1.

10.6.2 Zero Byte Count Bits

ZBCOUT

Zero Byte Count OUT

7FA2

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

EP15

EP14

EP13

EP12

EP11

EP10

EP9

EP8

Figure 10-8. ZBCOUT Register

When the SOF Interrupt is asserted, the 8051 normally checks the isochronous OUT endpoint
FIFOs for data. Before reading the byte count registers and unloading an isochronous FIFO, the
firmware may wish to check for a zero byte count. In this case, the 8051 can check bits in the
ZBCOUT Register. Any endpoint bit set to 1 indicates that no OUT bytes were received for that
endpoint during the previous frame. Figure 10-8 shows this register.
The USB core updates these bits every SOF.

10.7 ISO IN Response with No Data

USBPAIR

USB Endpoint Pairing

7FDD

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

ISOEND0

PR6OUT

PR4OUT

PR2OUT

PR6IN

PR4IN

PR2IN

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 10-9. ISOIN Register

The ISOSEND0 Bit (bit 7 in the USBPAIR Register) is used when the EZ-USB FX chip receives an
isochronous IN token while the IN FIFO is empty. If ISOSEND0=0 (the default value), the USB
core does not respond to the IN token. If ISOSEND0=1, the USB core sends a zero-length data
packet in response to the IN token. The action to take depends on the overall system design. The
ISOSEND0 Bit applies to all of the isochronous IN endpoints, IN-8 through IN-15.

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10.8 Restrictions Near SOF

The EZ-USB FX does not restrict FIFO accesses near SOF events.

Chapter 10. EZ-USB FX Isochronous Transfers

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

Chapter 11. EZ-USB FX DMA System

11.1 Introduction
The EZ-USB FX incorporates a Direct Memory Access (DMA) system that transfers byte data
between on-chip or off-chip resources without 8051 intervention. Data can be transferred very
quickly (as fast as one byte per 48-MHz clock) using the following sources and destinations:

Isochronous endpoint buffers

Bulk endpoint buffers

Internal Slave FIFOs (A and B)

External FIFOs

Internal RAM

External RAM.

The 8051 sets up a DMA transfer by initializing registers with a source address, a destination
address, and a byte transfer count. Up to 256 bytes can be programmed per transfer. Then the
8051 writes a control register to initiate the DMA transfer. The DMA unit signals end-of-transfer
with a vectored DMADONE Interrupt request through 8051 INT4.
Most source-destination pairs are supported. The exceptions are explained in this chapter.
Normally a RAM or ROM is connected to the EZ-USB FX address and data bus, which uses the
RD# and WR# pins for strobes. It is also possible to connect an external FIFO to the data bus and
use a second set of strobe signals, FRD# (Fast Read) and FWR# (Fast Write).

Chapter 11. EZ-USB FX DMA System

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11.2 DMA Register Descriptions

11.2.1 Source, Destination, Transfer Length Address Registers
DMASRCH

DMA Source Address (H)

784F

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

A15

A14

A13

A12

A11

A10

A9

A8

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 11-1. Upper Byte of the DMA Source Address

DMASRCL

DMA Source Address (L)

7850

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

A7

A6

A5

A4

A3

A2

A1

A0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 11-2. Lower Byte of the DMA Source Address

DMADESTH

DMA Destination Address (H)

7851

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

A15

A14

A13

A12

A11

A10

A9

A8

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 11-3. Upper Byte of the DMA Destination Address

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DMADESTL

DMA Destination Address (L)

7852

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

A7

A6

A5

A4

A3

A2

A1

A0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 11-4. Lower Byte of the DMA Destination Address

DMALEN

DMA Transfer Length

7854

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

D7

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 11-5. DMA Transfer Length (0=256 Bytes, 1=1 Byte, ... 255=255 Bytes)
There are some restrictions on DMA source-destination pairs. Table 11-1 shows all possible
sources and destinations, and which transfers are permitted. The main restriction is that transfers
may not occur in the same 2-KB RAM block in which the 8051 code is running.
To elaborate, the internal 8-KB RAM is divided into four 2-KB blocks, as follows:
Block0

0000-07FF

Block1

0800-0FFF

Block2

1000-17FF

Block3

1800-1FFF

Because the internal RAM combines 8051 program and data RAM, the 8051 is normally running in
(fetching code from) one of these RAM blocks. The RAM block in which the 8051 code is running
during a DMA transfer may not be used simultaneously as a DMA source or destination.
Block 3 has some special considerations. While doing DMA transfers in or out of Block 3 (a common case, because Block 3 contains the endpoint buffers), you may not simultaneously run code
in this block, or access the following resources:

Bulk Endpoint buffer memory

Bulk Endpoint byte count registers.

Chapter 11. EZ-USB FX DMA System

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

When doing DMA transfers in Block 3, you may simultaneously access:

Block 3 RAM

Any of the other USB control/status registers.

Some care should be exercised to observe the rule that you cant run 8051 code in RAM that is
simultaneously involved in a DMA transfer. For example, if the 8051 is running code in Block 1 and
doing a DMA transfer to/from Block 0, an 8051 interrupt would skip to Block 0 to fetch the interrupt
vector, and violate the rule.
The safest way to do internal RAM DMA transfers is to put your data buffer into Block 2 or Block 3,
and the background code (which runs during the DMA transfer) in Block 0 or Block 1.

This restriction applies only when internal RAM is used as a DMA source or destination.
Table 11-1. DMA Sources and Destinations
RAM
0

RAM RAM
1
2

RAM3/
WF
Bulk
Desc
Buffers

ISO
IN

EXT
MEM

Recl
ISO

AOUT
FIFO

BOUT
FIFO

EXT
FIFO

RAM1

RAM2

RAM3/Bulk
Buffers

ISO OUT

EXT MEM

Reclaimed ISO

AIN FIFO

BIN FIFO

EXT FIFO

DMA Source

RAM0

A cell with an asterisk is permitted as long as the 8051 is not executing code in either the
source or destination memory block.
N A shaded cell with an N is not permitted. The results are unpredictable.
*

DMA transfers involving mixed internal and external access are not permitted. For example, transferring across the 0x2800 boundary with ISODISAB=1 is illegal. So is transferring across the
0xFFFF (external) to 0x00 (internal) boundary and crossing the 7FFF to 8000 boundary.

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Table 11-1 shows all DMA source and destinations, and indicates which DMA transfers are permitted. Table 11-2 explains the legends used in Table 11-1.

A blank cell indicates a legal source and destination under all conditions.

RAM3 contains the bulk buffers. Executing code RAM3 precludes DMA access to the bulk
buffers. The bulk buffer area may not be used as program space.

Table 11-2. Legends Used in Table 11-1

Source/
Destination

Description

RAM0

RAM Block 0 from 0000-07FF.

RAM1

RAM Block 0 from 0800-0FFF.

RAM2

RAM Block 0 from 1000-17FF.

RAM3

RAM Block 0 from 1800-1FFF.

Bulk Buffers

XDATA Registers at 7B40-7FFF. In the 8-KB part, these registers also

appear at 1B40-1FFF.

WF Descriptors Destination only. GPIF waveform descriptors at 7900-797F.*

ISO OUT
ISO IN

Source only. Endpoint 8OUT-15OUT FIFO Registers, which are

XDATA Registers at 7F60-7F67.
Destination only. Endpoint 8IN-15IN Registers, which are XDATA Registers at 7F68-7F6F.

EXT MEM

If isochronous endpoints are disabled, 2000-FFFF (ISODISAB = 1).

If any isochronous endpoints are used, 2800-FFFF (ISODISAB = 0).

Reclaimed ISO

RAM at 2000-27FF is available as XDATA memory if ISODISAB=1.

AIN FIFO

Source only. Slave FIFO A-IN. FIFO register is at XDATA 7800 (AINDATA).

AOUT FIFO

Destination only. Slave FIFO A-OUT. FIFO register is at XDATA 780E

(AOUTDATA).

BIN FIFO

Source only. Slave FIFO B-IN. FIFO register is at XDATA 7805 (BINDATA).

BOUT FIFO

Destination only. Slave FIFO B-OUT. FIFO register is at XDATA 7813

(BOUTDATA).

EXT FIFO

XDATA location 7858, used to access external RAM as a FIFO.

* Accessible only if IFCONFIG[1..0]=10.

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11.2.2 DMA Start and Status Register

DMAGO

DMA Start and Status

7855

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

DONE

R/W

Figure 11-6. DMA Start and Status Register

The 8051 writes any value to this register to initiate a DMA transfer.
Bit 7:

DONE

DMA Transfer Done

This read-only bit indicates that the DMA transfer specified by the source and destination
addresses and byte count has completed. DONE=0 indicates DMA is in progress; DONE=1
indicates completion. If enabled, a vectored INT4 Interrupt request is generated on a zero-toone transition of the DONE Bit.

11.2.3 DMA Synchronous Burst Enables Register

FASTXFR

Fast Transfer Control*

7FE2

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

FISO

FBLK

RPOL

RMOD1

RMOD0

WPOL

WMOD1

WMOD0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

* This register is shown only for reference.

Figure 11-7. Fast Transfer Control Register

DMABURST

Synchronous Burst Enables

7857

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

DSTR2

DSTR1

DSTR0

RB

WB

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 11-8. Synchronous Burst Enables

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This register enables synchronous burst reads and writes on the 8051 address/data bus (RB and
WB), and selects cycle stretch values for the read and write strobes (DSTR[2..0]). Refer to Section
11.4.1. "DMA External Writes" and Section 11.4.2. "DMA External Reads" for more information on
DMA Stretch.
Bit 4-2:

DSTR[2..0]

DMA Stretch

The read and write strobes used in external DMA transfers are controlled by the following bits:
For DMA Reads:

One of four read strobe waveforms (synonymous with modes) is selected by the
RMOD[1..0] Bits in the FASTXFR Register.

Read strobe polarity is set by the RPOL Bit in the FASTXFR Register.

Read strobe duration is set by the DMA Stretch Bits (DSTR[2..0]) in the DMABURST Register. This overrides the 8051 stretch bits in PCON that set RD/WR pulse widths (DMA
only).

For DMA Writes:

One of four write strobe waveforms is selected by the WMOD[1..0] Bits in the FASTXFR
Register.

Write strobe polarity is set by the WPOL Bit in the FASTXFR Register.

Write strobe duration is set by the DSTR[2..0] Bits in the DMABURST Register.

The external DMA read and write stretch values are the same, as set by the DSTR[2..0] Bits.
Bit 1:

RB

DMA Burst Read

When RB=1, a burst read DMA transfer is performed over the EZ-USB FX data bus. The term
burst means that the read strobe stays low during multiple-byte transfers, and the CLKOUT
signal (CLK24/48 in Figure 11-8. and Figure 11-9.) synchronizes the data. DMA burst reads
work only for two read waveforms, Mode 0 and Mode 1. The stretch value DSTR[2..0] has no
effect in burst read mode.

Chapter 11. EZ-USB FX DMA System

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

tCL
41.66 ns
or 20.83 ns

CLK24/48

In

D[7..0]

In

FRD/RD
(RB=0)

In

D[7..0]

In

In

FRD/RD
(RB=1)

Figure 11-9. Effect of the RB Bit on DMA Mode 0 Reads

tCL
41.66 ns
or 20.83 ns

CLK24/48

In

D[7..0]

In

FRD/RD
(RB=0)

In

D[7..0]

In

In

FRD/RD
(RB=1)

Figure 11-10. Effect of the RB Bit on DMA Mode 1 Reads

In non-burst mode (RB=0), the DMA read transfers occur every other clock, and a read strobe is
generated for each byte. In burst mode (RB=1), the read strobe remains low for the entire multibyte transfer, and a byte is transferred every clock. The only difference between Mode 0 and Mode
1 is that the data is sampled one clock later in Mode 1.
Bit 0:

WB

DMA Burst Write

When WB=1, a burst write DMA transfer is performed over the EZ-USB FX data bus. The term
burst means that the write strobe stays low during multiply-byte transfers, and the CLKOUT
signal (shown as CLK24/48 in Figure 11-10.) synchronizes the output data. DMA burst writes

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work only for the Mode 0 waveform (WMOD[1..0] must be programmed to 00). The DMA
stretch value DSTR[2..0] has no effect in burst write.

CLK24/48
D[7..0]

Output

Output

Output

WR/FWR
(WB=0)
(DMAWB=0)

CLK24/48
D[7..0]

out

out

out

out

out

out

out

WR/FWR
(WB=1)
(DMAWB=1)

Figure 11-11. Effect of the WB Bit on DMA Mode 0 Writes

In non-burst mode (DMAWR=0), the DMA write transfers occur every third clock, and a write
strobe is generated for every byte. In burst mode (DMAWR=1), the write strobe remains low for
the entire multi-byte transfer, and a byte is transferred every clock.

11.2.4 Dummy Register

DMAEXTFIFO

Use A/D Buses as External FIFO

7858

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

Figure 11-12. DMAEXTFIFO Register. Data is Dont Care.

This is a dummy register, containing no data bits. Programming the DMAEXTFIFO address into
the DMA source or destination address causes the EZ-USB FX data bus to be used in the following way for DMA cycles:

Chapter 11. EZ-USB FX DMA System

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

The FRD# or FWR# pins are used as strobes instead of the RD# and WR# pins.

The address bus follows the 8051 program counter rather than incrementing.

The typical use for this transfer type is to connect a FIFO to the EZ-USB FX data bus.

11.3 External DMA Transfers - Strobes

11.3.1 Selection of RD/FRD and WR/FWR DMA Strobes
The preceding section explains how to select waveforms and timing for read and write strobes to
external memory. These strobes can correspond with two different sets of read-write signals, RD#/
WR#, the normal 8051 external bus strobes, or FRD#/FWR#, the EZ-USB FX fast transfer
strobes. Which of the read and write strobes is active is controlled by the DMA address loaded into
a DMA source or destination register, according to Table 11-3. The table also shows what the
address bus does for the two strobe types.
Table 11-3. DMA External RAM Control
DMA Source/Destination

Active
Strobes

Address Bus

Any external memory address

RD#, WR#

Increments

DMAEXTFIFO (0x7858)

FRD#, FWR#

Follows 8051 PC

For external DMA transfers, the timing of the DMA strobe signals is governed by two registers,
FASTXFR and DMABURST, as previously described. Internal DMA transfers (both source and
destination inside the EZ-USB FX), occur at one byte per clock, independent of stretch value or
settings of the FASTXFR or DMABURST Registers.
For normal (non-DMA) 8051 external transfers (these use the MOVX instruction), the timing of the
RD# and WR# strobes is governed by the stretch value programmed into the 8051 CKCON Register CKCON[2..0].

11.4 Interaction of DMA Strobe Waveforms and Stretch Bits

Figure 11-13 and Figure 11-14 illustrate how the DMA read and write strobes are lengthened using
the DSTR[2..0] Bits in the DMABURST Register, for each of the four waveforms that can be
selected by the read and write mode bits in the FASTXFR Register.

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11.4.1 DMA External Writes

tCL
41.66 ns
or 20.83 ns

CLK24/48
Note

D[7..0]

Output
Note

Mode 00
Note

Mode 01
Note

Mode 10
Note

Mode 11
Note: These edges extend in time for stretch values greater than 000

Figure 11-13. DMA Write Strobe Timing: 4 Modes Selected by FASTXFR[4..3]

The DMA Write strobes (WR# or FWR#) exhibit the four basic waveforms shown in Figure 11-13.
for the four modes selected by FASTXFR[1..0]. The waveforms in Figure 11-13. apply for a stretch
value of 000, with one exception: Mode 3 requires a stretch value of 001 or higher. When DMA
burst writes are enabled (WB=1), the stretch values DSTR[2..0] and waveform select values
(WMOD[1.0]) have no effect.
The timing relationship between the onset of output data and the leading edges of the write strobe
(Figure 11-11.) are independent of stretch value. The effect of stretch values greater than zero is to
lengthen the data valid time and the trailing edges of the write strobes, as shown in Table 11-4.

Chapter 11. EZ-USB FX DMA System

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Table 11-4. Effect of Stretch Values on a Write Strobe

DSTR[2..0]

Data Valid Time

Write Strobe Width

000

3 clocks

(Figure 11-13.) [only modes 0-2 apply]

001

6 clocks

Add 2 clocks

010

10 clocks

Add 6 clocks

011

14 clocks

Add 10 clocks

100

18 clocks

Add 14 clocks

101

22 clocks

Add 18 clocks

110

26 clocks

Add 22 clocks

111

30 clocks

Add 26 clocks

11.4.2 DMA External Reads

tCL
41.66 ns
or 20.83 ns

CLK24/48
D[7..0]

In

Mode 0
D[7..0]

In

Mode 1

Note

D[7..0]

In
Note

Mode 2
Note

D[7..0]

In
Note

Mode 3
Note: These edges extend in time for stretch values greater than 000

Figure 11-14. DMA Read Strobe Timing: 4 Modes Selected by FASTXFR[4..3]

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The DMA Read strobes (RD# or FRD#) exhibit the four basic waveforms shown in Figure 11-14.
for the four modes selected by FASTXFR[4..3].

11.4.2.1 Modes 0 and 1

Mode 0 and Mode 1 read strobes are intended for synchronous memories, and are unaffected by
the programmed stretch value. Note that the only difference between Mode 0 and Mode 1 is that
Mode 1 captures the data one clock later than Mode 0.

11.4.2.2 Modes 2 and 3

Mode 2 and Mode 3 read strobes are intended for asynchronous memories. The strobe widths are
affected by the stretch values programmed into the DSTR[2..0]. Stretch values greater than zero
have the effect of lengthening the data sampling time and the trailing edge of the read strobe, as
shown in Table 11-5. In Mode 2, the data is always captured on the same clock edge on which the
read strobe goes inactive. In Mode 3, the data is always captured one clock earlier than in Mode 2.
Table 11-5. Effect of Stretch Values on a Write Strobe
DSTR[2..0]

Mode 2 Read
Strobe Width

Mode 3 Read
Strobe Width

000

2 clocks

3 clocks

001

4 clocks

5 clocks

010

8 clocks

9 clocks

011

12 clocks

13 clocks

100

16 clocks

17 clocks

101

20 clocks

21 clocks

110

24 clocks

25 clocks

111

28 clocks

29 clocks

Chapter 11. EZ-USB FX DMA System

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Chapter 12. EZ-USB FX Interrupts

12.1 Introduction
The EZ-USB FX enhanced 8051 responds to the interrupts shown in Table 12-1. Interrupt sources
that are not present in the standard 8051 are marked with an X in the New column of the table.
The three interrupts used by the USB core are shown in bold type.

Table 12-1. EZ-USB FX Interrupts

New

8051 Interrupt (IRQ name)

Source

Vector
(hex)

Natural
Priority

IE0

INT0# Pin

03

TF0

Timer 0 Overflow

0B

IE1

INT1# Pin

13

TF1

Timer 1 Overflow

1B

RI_0 & TI_0

UART0 Rx & Tx

23

TF2

Timer 2 Overflow

2B

Resume (WAKEUP)

WAKEUP# Pin or USB Core

33

RI_1 & TI_1

UART1 Rx & Tx

3B

USB (INT2)

USB Core

43

I2C-compatible (INT3)

USB Core

4B

IE4 (FIFOs)

Slave FIFOs/INT4 pin

53

10

IE5

INT5# Pin

5B

11

IE6

INT6 Pin

63

12

The Natural Priority column in Table 12-1 shows the 8051 interrupt priorities. As explained in
Chapter 18. "8051 Hardware Description", the 8051 can assign each interrupt to a high or low priority group. The 8051 resolves priorities within the groups using the natural priorities.

Chapter 12. EZ-USB FX Interrupts

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12.2 USB Core Interrupts

The USB core provides four interrupt groups types, which are described in the following sections:

Wakeup After the EZ-USB FX chip detects USB suspend and the 8051 has entered its
idle state, the USB core responds to an external signal on its WAKEUP# pin or resumption
of USB bus activity by re-starting the EZ-USB FX oscillator and resuming 8051 operation.

USB Signaling These include 16 bulk endpoint interrupts, three interrupts not specific
to a particular endpoint (SOF, Suspend, USB Reset), and two interrupts for CONTROL
transfers (SUTOK, SUDAV). These interrupts share the USB interrupt (INT2). Also
included is an interrupt indicating that a bulk packet was NAKd.

I2C-compatible Transfers (INT3).

Slave FIFO Flags (INT4)

12.3 Resume Interrupt

Chapter 14. "EZ-USB FX Power Management" describes suspend-resume signaling in detail, and
presents a code example that uses the Wakeup Interrupt.

12.4 USB Signaling Interrupts

Figure 12-1. shows the 21 USB requests that share the 8051 USB (INT2) Interrupt. The bottom
IRQ, EP7-OUT, is expanded in the diagram to show the logic associated with each USB interrupt
request.

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EZ-USB
00

SUDAV

01

SOF

02

SUTOK

03

SUSP

04

URES

05

IBN

06

EP0-IN

07

EP0-OUT

08

EP1-IN

09

EP1-OUT

0A

EP2-IN

0B

EP2-OUT

0C

EP3-IN

0D

EP3-OUT

0E

EP4-IN

0F

EP4-OUT

10

EP5-IN

11

EP5-OUT

12

EP6-IN

13

EP6-OUT

14

EP7-IN

8051

EIE.0

8051 "USB"
Interrupt

S
R

EXIF.4(rd)

EXIF.4(0)

OUT07IEN.7
15

EP7-OUT

IN07IRQ.7(1)

IN07IRQ.7 (rd)

Interrupt Request Latch

AVEC

IV4

IV3

IV2

IV1

IV0

Figure 12-1. USB Interrupts

Referring to the logic inside the dotted lines, each USB interrupt source has an interrupt request
latch. The USB core sets an IRQ Bit, and the 8051 clears an IRQ Bit by writing a 1 to it. The output of each latch is ANDed with an IEN (Interrupt Enable) Bit and then ORed with all the other USB
interrupt request sources.
The USB core prioritizes the USB interrupts and constructs an Autovector, which appears in the
IVEC register. The interrupt vector values IV[4..0] are shown to the left of the interrupt sources
(shaded boxes). 00 is the highest priority, 15 is the lowest. If two USB interrupts occur simultaneously, the prioritization affects which one is first indicated in the IVEC register. If the 8051 has
enabled Autovectoring, the IVEC Byte replaces byte 0x45 in 8051 program memory. This causes

Chapter 12. EZ-USB FX Interrupts

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

the USB interrupt to automatically vector to different addresses for each USB interrupt source.
This mechanism is explained in detail in Section 12.10 "USB Autovectors".
Due to the OR gate in Figure 12-1., any of the USB interrupt sources sets the 8051 USB interrupt
request latch, whose state appears as an interrupt request in the 8051 SFR Bit EXIF.4. The 8051
enables the USB interrupt by setting SFR Bit EIE.0. To clear the USB interrupt request the 8051
writes a zero to the EXIF.4 Bit. Note that this is the opposite of clearing any of the individual USB
interrupt sources, which the 8051 does by writing a 1 to the IRQ Bit.
When a USB resource requires service (for example, a SOF token arrives or an OUT token arrives
on a BULK endpoint), two things happen. First, the corresponding Interrupt Request Latch is set.
Second, a pulse is generated, ORd with the other USB interrupt logic, and routed to the 8051 INT2
input. The pulse is required because INT2 is edge triggered.
When the 8051 finishes servicing a USB interrupt, it clears the particular IRQ Bit by writing a 1 to
it. If any other USB interrupts are pending, the act of clearing the IRQ causes the USB core logic
to generate another pulse for the highest-priority pending interrupt. If more that one is pending,
they are serviced in the priority order shown in Figure 12-1., starting with SUDAV (priority 00) as
the highest priority, and ending with EP7-OUT (priority 15) as the lowest.

Important
It is important in any USB Interrupt Service Routine (ISR) to clear the 8051 INT2 Interrupt
before clearing the particular USB interrupt request latch. This is because as soon as the
USB interrupt is cleared, any pending USB interrupt will pulse the 8051 INT2 Input. If the
INT2 Interrupt Request latch has not been previously cleared the pending interrupt is lost.

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Figure 12-2. illustrates a typical USB ISR for endpoint 2-IN.

USB_ISR:

push
push
push
push
push
push

dps
dpl
dph
dpl1
dph1
acc

mov
clr
mov

a,EXIF
acc.4
EXIF,a

; FIRST clear the USB (INT2) interrupt request

mov
mov
movx

dptr,#IN07IRQ
a,#00000100b
@dptr,a

; now clear the USB interrupt request

; use IN2 as example

; Note:

EXIF reg is not 8051 bit-addressable

;
; (perform interrupt routine stuff)
;
pop
acc
pop
dph1
pop
dpl1
pop
dph
pop
dpl
pop
dps
;
reti

Figure 12-2. The Order of Clearing Interrupt Requests is Important

IN07IRQ

Endpoints 0-7 IN Interrupt Requests

7FA9

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

IN7IR

IN6IR

IN5IR

IN4IR

IN3IR

IN2IR

IN1IR

IN0IR

OUT07IRQ

Endpoints 0-7 OUT Interrupt Requests

7FAA

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

OUT7IR

OUT6IR

OUT5IR

OUT4IR

OUT3IR

OUT2IR

OUT1IR

OUT0IR

Chapter 12. EZ-USB FX Interrupts

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

USBIRQ

USB Interrupt Request

7FAB

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

IBNIR

URESIR

SUSPIR

SUTOKIR

SOFIR

SUDAVIR

IN07IEN

Endpoints 0-7 IN Interrupt Enables

7FAC

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

IN7IEN

IN6IEN

IN5IEN

IN4IEN

IN3IEN

IN2IEN

IN1IEN

IN0IEN

OUT07IEN

Endpoints 0-7 OUT Interrupt Enables

7FAD

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

OUT7IEN

OUT6IEN

OUT5IEN

OUT4IEN

OUT3IEN

OUT2IEN

OUT1IEN

OUT0IEN

USBIEN

USB Interrupt Enables

7FAE

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

IBNIE

URESIE

SUSPIE

SUTOKIE

SOFIE

SUDAVIE

Figure 12-3. EZ-USB FX Interrupt Registers

Figure 12-3. shows the registers associated with the USB interrupts. Each interrupt source has an
enable (IEN) and a request (IRQ) Bit. The 8051 sets the IEN Bit to enable the interrupt. The USB
core sets an IRQ Bit high to request an interrupt, and the 8051 clears an IRQ Bit by writing a 1 to
it.
The USBIEN and USBIRQ registers control the first five interrupts shown in Figure 12-3.. The
IN07IEN and OUT07 registers control the remaining 16 USB interrupts, which correspond to the
16 bulk endpoints IN0-IN7 and OUT0-OUT7.
The following sections describe the USB interrupts in detail.

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12.5 SUTOK, SUDAV Interrupts

SETUP Stage
S
A E C
E
D N R
T
D D C
U
R P 5
P
Token Packet

D
A
T
A
0

8 bytes
Setup
Data

C
R
C
1
6

Data Packet

SUTOK
Interrupt

A
C
K
H/S Pkt

SUDAV
Interrupt

Figure 12-4. SUTOK and SUDAV Interrupts

SUTOK and SUDAV are supplied to the 8051 by EZ-USB FX CONTROL endpoint zero. The first
portion of a USB CONTROL transfer is the SETUP stage shown in Figure 12-4.. (A full CONTROL
transfer is shown in Figure 9-1..) When the USB core decodes a SETUP packet, it asserts the
SUTOK (SETUP Token) Interrupt Request. After the USB core has received the eight bytes errorfree and copied them into eight internal registers at SETUPDAT, it asserts the SUDAV Interrupt
Request.
The 8051 program responds to the SUDAV Interrupt by reading the eight SETUP data bytes in
order to decode the USB request (Chapter 9. "EZ-USB FX Endpoint Zero").
The SUTOK Interrupt is provided to give advance warning that the eight register bytes at SETUPDAT are about to be over-written. It is useful for debug and diagnostic purposes.

12.6 SOF Interrupt

F C
S
R R
O
N C
F
O 5
Token Pkt

Figure 12-5. A Start Of Frame (SOF) Packet

USB Start of Frame Interrupt Requests occur every millisecond. When the USB core receives an
SOF packet, it copies the eleven-bit frame number (FRNO in Figure 12-5.) into the USBFRAMEH
and USBFRAMEL registers, and activates the SOF Interrupt Request. The 8051 services all isochronous endpoint data as a result of the SOF Interrupt.

Chapter 12. EZ-USB FX Interrupts

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

12.7 Suspend Interrupt

If the EZ-USB FX detects 3 ms of no bus activity, it activates the SUSP (Suspend) Interrupt
Request. A full description of Suspend-Resume signaling appears in Chapter 14. "EZ-USB FX
Power Management".

12.8 USB RESET Interrupt

The USB signals a bus reset by driving both D+ and D- low for at least 10 ms. When the USB core
detects the onset of USB bus reset, it activates the URES Interrupt Request.

12.9 Bulk Endpoint Interrupts

The remaining 16 USB interrupt requests are indexed to the 16 EZ-USB FX bulk endpoints. The
USB core activates a bulk interrupt request when the endpoint buffer requires service. For an OUT
endpoint, the interrupt request signifies that OUT data has been sent from the host, validated by
the USB core, and is sitting in the endpoint buffer memory. For an IN endpoint, the interrupt
request signifies that the data previously loaded by the 8051 into the IN endpoint buffer has been
read and validated by the host, making the IN endpoint buffer ready to accept new data.
The USB core sets an endpoints interrupt request bit when the endpoints busy bit (in the endpoint
CS register) goes low, indicating that the endpoint buffer is available to the 8051. For example,
when endpoint 4-OUT receives a data packet, the busy bit in the OUT4CS register goes low, and
OUT07IRQ.4 goes high, requesting the endpoint 4-OUT Interrupt.

12.10 USB Autovectors

The USB interrupt is shared by 22 interrupt sources. To save the code and processing time
required to sort out which USB interrupt occurred, the USB core provides a second level of interrupt vectoring, called Autovectoring. When the 8051 takes a USB interrupt, it pushes the program
counter onto its stack, and then executes a jump to address 43, where it expects to find a jump
instruction to the INT2 service routine. The 8051 jump instruction is encoded as follows:

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Table 12-2. 8051 JUMP Instruction

Address Op-Code Hex Value
0043

Jump

0x02

0044

AddrH

0xHH

0045

AddrL

0xLL

If Autovectoring is enabled (AVEN=1 in the USBBAV register), the USB core substitutes its IVEC
Byte for the byte at address 0x0045. Therefore, if the programmer pre-loads the high byte (page)
of a jump table address at location 0x0044, the core-inserted byte at 0x45 will automatically direct
the JUMP to one of 21 addresses within the page. In the jump table, the programmer then puts a
series of jump instructions to each particular ISR.

Chapter 12. EZ-USB FX Interrupts

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Table 12-3. A Typical USB Jump Table

Table
Offset

Instruction

00

JMP SUDAV_ISR

04

JMP SOF_ISR

08

JMP SUTOK_ISR

0C

JMP SUSPEND_ISR

10

JMP USBRESET_ISR

14

JMP IBN_ISR

18

JMP EP0IN _ISR

1C

JMP EP0OUT_ISR

20

JMP IN1BUF_ISR

24

JMP EP1OUT_ISR

28

JMP EP2IN_ISR

2C

JMP EP2OUT_ISR

30

JMP EP3IN_ISR

34

JMP EP3OUT_ISR

38

JMP EP4IN_ISR

3C

JMP EP4OUT_ISR

40

JMP EP5IN_ISR

44

JMP EP5OUT_ISR

48

JMP EP6IN_ISR

4C

JMP EP6OUT_ISR

50

JMP EP7IN_ISR

54

JMP EP7OUT_ISR

12.11 Autovector Coding

A detailed example of a program that uses Autovectoring is presented in Section 6.14 "Interrupt
Bulk Transfer Example". The coding steps are summarized here. To employ EZ-USB FX Autovectoring:
1. Insert a jump instruction at 0x43 to a table of jump instructions to the various USB interrupt
service routines. Make sure the jump table starts on a 0x100 byte page boundary.
2. Code the jump table with jump instructions to each individual USB interrupt service routine.
This table has two important requirements, arising from the format of the IVEC Byte (zerobased, with 2 LSBs set to 0):

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It must begin on a page boundary (address 0xNN00).

The jump instructions must be four bytes apart.

3. The interrupt service routines can be placed anywhere in memory.

4. Write initialization code to enable the USB interrupt (INT2) and Autovectoring.

8051 USB
Interrupt
Vector
0043

LJMP

0044
0045

(00)2C

USB_Jmp_Table:
0400

04

USB core

AVEC

2C

042C
042D
042E

LJMP EP2OUT_ISR
01

EP2OUT_ISR:

19

0119

Figure 12-6. The Autovector Mechanism in Action

Figure 12-6. illustrates an ISR that services endpoint 2-OUT. When endpoint 2-OUT requires service, the USB core activates the USB interrupt request, vectoring the 8051 to location 0x43. The
jump instruction at this location, which was originally coded as LJMP 04-00 becomes LJMP 042C due to the USB core substituting 2C as the Autovector byte for Endpoint 2-OUT (Table 12-3).
The 8051 jumps to 042C, where it executes the jump instruction to the endpoint 2-OUT ISR,
shown in this example at address 0119. Once the 8051 takes the vector at 0043, initiation of the
endpoint-specific ISR takes only eight 8051 cycles.

Chapter 12. EZ-USB FX Interrupts

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

12.12 I2C-Compatible Interrupt

EZ-USB

8051
EIE.1

DONE

RD or WR
I2DAT register

I2C Interrupt
Request

I2CS
I2DAT

8051 I 2C
Interrupt
(INT3)
EXIF.5(rd)

EXIF.5(0)

START

STOP

LASTRD

ID1

ID0

BERR

ACK

DONE

D7

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

Figure 12-7. I2C-Compatible Interrupt Enable Bits and Registers

Chapter 4. "EZ-USB FX Input/Output" describes the 8051 interface to the EZ-USB FX I2C-compatible controller. The 8051 uses two registers, I2CS (I2C-compatible Control and Status) and
I2DAT (I2C-compatible Data) to transfer data over the I2C-compatible bus. The USB core signals
completion of a byte transfer by setting the DONE Bit (I2CS.0) high, which also sets an I2C-compatible Interrupt Request latch (Figure 12-7.). This interrupt request is routed to the 8051 INT3
Interrupt.
The 8051 enables the I2C-compatible interrupt by setting EIE.1=1. The 8051 determines the state
of the interrupt request flag by reading EXIF.5, and resets the INT3 Interrupt Request by writing a
zero to EXIF.5. Any 8051 read or write to the I2DAT or I2CS register automatically clears the I2Ccompatible Interrupt Request.

12.13 In Bulk NAK Interrupt

The EZ-USB FX family responds to an IN token from the host by transmitting bytes that the 8051
has loaded into an IN endpoint buffer, and armed by loading the IN endpoints byte count register.
After the host successfully receives the IN data, the 8051 receives an EP-IN Interrupt, signifying
that the IN endpoint buffer is once again ready to accept data.
In some situations, the host may send IN tokens before the 8051 has loaded and armed an IN
endpoint. To alert the 8051 that an IN endpoint is being pinged, a set of interrupts, one per IN end-

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point, indicates that an IN endpoint just sent a NAK to the host. This happens when the host sends
an IN token and the IN endpoint does not have data (yet) for the host. This set of interrupts is
called IBN (IN Bulk NAK). Its INT2 Autovector is 05, which was previously reserved in the EZUSB family.
The IBN Interrupt Requests and enables are controlled by two registers:
IBNIRQ

IN Bulk NAK Interrupt Requests

7FB0

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

EP7IR

EP6IR

EP5IR

EP4IR

EP3IR

EP2IR

EP1IR

EP0IR

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 12-8. IN Bulk NAK Interrupt Request Register

IBNEN

IN Bulk NAK Interrupt Enables

7FB1

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

EP7IE

EP6IE

EP5IE

EP4IE

EP3IE

EP2IE

EP1IE

EP0IE

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 12-9. IN Bulk NAK Interrupt Enable Register

As with all other EZ-USB FX interrupt requests, the 8051 clears an IBNIRQ Bit by writing a 1 to it.
Each of the individual IN endpoints may be enabled for an IBN Interrupt using the IBNEN register.

12.14 I2C-Compatible STOP Complete Interrupt

I2CMODE

7FA7

I2C-Compatible Mode

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

STOPIE

400KHZ

R/W

R/W

Figure 12-10. I2C-Compatible Mode Register

Chapter 12. EZ-USB FX Interrupts

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

The I2C-compatible interrupt includes one additional interrupt source, a 1-0 transition of the STOP
Bit. To enable this interrupt, set the STOPIE Bit in the I2CMODE register. The 8051 determines the
interrupt source by checking the DONE and STOP Bits in the I2CS register.

I2CS

7FA5

I2C-Compatible Control and Status

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

START

STOP

LASTRD

ID1

ID0

BERR

ACK

DONE

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 12-11. I2C-Compatible Control and Status Register

I2DAT

7FA6

I2C-Compatible Data

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

D7

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 12-12. I2C-Compatible Data

The two registers that the 8051 uses to control I2C-compatible transfers are shown above. In the
EZ-USB family, an I2C-compatible Interrupt Request occurs on INT3 whenever:

The DONE Bit (I2CS.0) makes a zero-to-one transition, or

(This interrupt signals the 8051 that the I2C-compatible controller is ready for another
command.)

The STOP Bit (I2CS.6) makes a one-to-zero transition.

The 8051 concludes I2C-compatible transfers by setting the STOP Bit (I2CS.6). When the STOP
condition has been sent over the I2C-compatible bus, the I2C-compatible controller resets I2CS.6
to zero. During the time the I2C-compatible controller is generating the stop condition, it ignores
accesses to the I2CS and I2DAT registers. The 8051 code should therefore check the STOP Bit
for zero before writing new data to I2CS or I2DAT.
The STOP Bit completion interrupt is enabled by setting I2CMODE.1 to 1.

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12.15 Slave FIFO Interrupt (INT4)

INT4IVEC

Interrupt 4 Autovector

785D

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

I4V3

I4V2

I4V1

I4V0

Figure 12-13. Interrupt 4 Autovector

The EZ-USB FX slave FIFOs contain various flags to alert the 8051 when a FIFO needs attention.
These flags are encoded into the INT4 autovector, which the 8051 can read in the INT4IVEC register. The encoded values for each INT4 source are shown in Table 12-4.

INT4SETUP

Interrupt 4 Setup

785E

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

INT4SFR

INTRNL

AV4EN

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 12-14. Interrupt 4 Setup

Bit 0:

AV4EN

Enable INT4 Autovector

To streamline the 8051 code that deals with the FIFO interrupts, the 8051 INT4 vector locations use the same autovectoring mechanism as the USB (INT2) Interrupt when the AV4EN Bit
(INT4SETUP.0) is set. Referring to Table 12-4, when a FIFO flag interrupt occurs with
AV4EN=1, internal logic replaces the third byte of the jump instruction at location 0x53 with a
different address for each FIFO interrupt source.
Table 12-4. Autovector for INT4*
8051
Addr

Instruction

Notes

0x53

LJMP

Loc 53-55 are the INT4 Interrupt Vector

0x54

AddrH

0x55

AddrL

EZ-USB FX logic replaces this byte when AV4EN=1

*Table 12-5 shows bytes inserted at Address 55H

Chapter 12. EZ-USB FX Interrupts

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

To set up autovectoring, the user places an LJMP instruction at location 0x53, which jumps to a
table of instructions, which jump to the various FIFO ISRs. Then, every FIFO interrupt automatically vectors to the individual interrupt service routine for the particular FIFO flag. The autovector
mechanism saves the 8051 from having to check for the source of each interrupt shared on INT4.
Table 12-4 shows the IVEC4 values for the various FIFO interrupts. The last three interrupt vectors
in Table 12-4 are not FIFO related, and are described in other chapters. The bytes inserted by the
EZ-USB FX logic (the low-address byte of the LJMP instruction) are separated by four to allow
four bytes per LJMP instruction in the jump table. (An 8051 LJMP instruction requires 3 bytes).
Table 12-5. INT4 Autovectors
IVEC4
Value

Byte
Inserted
at 0x55

0x40

0x80

AINPF

A-IN FIFO Programmable Flag

0x44

0x84

BINPF

B-IN FIFO Programmable Flag

0x48

0x88

AOUTPF

A-OUT FIFO Programmable Flag

0x4C

0x8C

BOUTPF

B-OUT FIFO Programmable Flag

0x50

0x90

AINEF

A-IN FIFO Empty Flag

0x54

0x94

BINEF

B-IN FIFO Empty Flag

0x58

0x98

AOUTEF

A-OUT FIFO Empty Flag

0x5C

0x9C

AINEF

B-OUT FIFO Empty Flag

0x60

0xA0

AINFF

A-IN FIFO Full Flag

0x64

0xA4

BINFF

B-IN FIFO Full Flag

0x68

0xA8

AOUTFF

AOUT FIFO Full Flag

0x6C

0xAC

BOUTFF

B-OUT FIFO Full Flag

0x70

0xB0

GPIFDONE

(See Chapter 8. "General Programmable Interface

(GPIF)")

0x74

0xB4

GPIFWR

(See Chapter 8. "General Programmable Interface

(GPIF)"

0x78

0xB8

DMADONE

(See Chapter 8. "General Programmable Interface

(GPIF)")

Source

Meaning

Note that the bytes inserted for the INT4 autovector start at0x80, rather that 0x00. This is because
another EZ-USB FX autovector, for INT2 (used for all USB interrupts), uses jump table offsets
from 0x00 to 0x57. The autovector jump table must start on a page boundary (8051 address
XX00). Therefore, separating the two groups of jumps allows a single page of 8051 memory to be
used for both INT2 and INT4 jump tables. The INT2 jump table can start at 0x00, and the INT4
jump table can start at 0x80, sharing the same page.
If two or more INT4 Interrupt Requests occur simultaneously, they are serviced in the order shown
in Table 12-5, with AINPF having the highest priority and DMADONE the lowest. Pending interrupt
requests remain pending while a higher level interrupt is serviced.

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As with the USB (INT2) Interrupts, the INT4 Interrupt Request must be cleared in the ISR (Interrupt
Service Routine) before clearing the individual slave FIFO interrupt request bit.
Bit 1:

INTRNL

INT4 Source

This bit selects the interrupt source for 8051 INT4. If INTRNL=0, INT4 is supplied from the EZUSB FX INT4 pin. If INTRNL=1, INT4 is supplied from the slave FIFO interrupt unit, with the
interrupt sources shown in Table 12-5.

To enable the INT4 pin instead of PB4, set PORTBCFG.4=1.

Bit 2:

INT4SFR

Enable SFR clearing of INT4

The 8051 sets INT4SFR=1 to enable clearing of the pending INT4 Interrupt Request currently
being serviced by writing any value to INT4CLR (SFR at 0xA2).

Chapter 12. EZ-USB FX Interrupts

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

Chapter 13. EZ-USB FX Resets

13.1 Introduction
The EZ-USB FX chip has three resets:

A Power-On Reset (POR), which turns on the EZ-USB FX chip in a known state.

An 8051 reset, controlled by the USB core.

A USB bus reset, sent by the host to reset a device.

This chapter describes the effects of these three resets.

13.2 EZ-USB FX Power-On Reset (POR)

RES
8051

Vcc
CPUCS.0
(1 at PW R ON)
RES

RESET

EZ-USB FX Core

24 MHz

USB Bus
Reset

48 MHz

XIN

12
MHz

O s c illa to r

PLL

XOUT

2
CLKOUT

Figure 13-1. EZ-USB FX Resets

Chapter 13. EZ-USB FX Resets

Page 13-1

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

When power is first applied to the EZ-USB FX chip, the external R-C circuit holds the USB core in
reset until the on-chip PLL stabilizes. The CLKOUT pin is active as soon as power is applied. The
8051 may clear an EZ-USB FX control bit, CLKOUTOE (CPUCS.1), to inhibit the CLKOUT output
pin for EMI-sensitive applications that do not need this signal. External logic can force a chip reset
by pulling the active-low RESET pin LO. The RESET pin is normally connected to GND through a
1 F capacitor and to Vcc through a 10-K resistor (Figure 13-1). The oscillator and PLL are unaffected by the state of the RESET pin.
The CLKOUT signal is active while RESET = LO. When RESET returns HI, the activity on the
CLKOUT pin depends on whether or not the EZ-USB FX chip is in suspend state. If in suspend,
CLKOUT stops. Resumption of USB bus activity or asserting the WAKEUP# pin LO re-starts the
CLKOUT signal.
Power-on default values for all EZ-USB FX register bits are shown in Chapter 15. "EZ-USB FX
Registers". Table 13-1 summarizes reset states that affect USB device operation. Note that the
term Power-On Reset refers to a reset initiated by application of power, or by assertion of the
RESET pin.
Table 13-1. EZ-USB FX States After Power-On Reset (POR)
Register

Default
Value

Endpoint Data

xxxxxxxx

Byte Counts

xxxxxxxx

CPUCS

rrrr0011

rrrr=rev number, b1 =CLKOUTOE, b0=8051RES

PORT Configs

00000000

IO, not alternate functions

PORT Registers

xxxxxxxx

PORT OEs

00000000

Inputs

Interrupt Enables

00000000

Disabled

Interrupt Reqs

00000000

Cleared

Item

Comment

Bulk IN C/S

00000000

Bulk IN endpoints not busy (unarmed)

10

Bulk OUT C/S*

00000000

Bulk OUT endpoints busy (armed)

11

Toggle Bits

00000000

Data toggles = 0

12

USBCS

00000100

RENUM=0, DISCOE=1 (Discon pin drives)

13

FNADDR

00000000

USB Function Address

14

IN07VAL

01010111

EP0,1,2,4,6 IN valid

15

OUT07VAL

01010101

EP0,2,4,6 OUT valid

16

INISOVAL

00000111

EP8,9,10 IN valid

17

OUTISOVAL

00000111

EP8,9,10 OUT valid

18

USBPAIR

0x000000

ISOsend0 (b7) = 0, no pairing

19

USBBAV

00000000

Break condition cleared, no Autovector

20

Configuration

00000000

Internal USB core value

21

Alternate Setting

00000000

Internal USB core value

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

* In this state (8051 reset) an OUT endpoint ACKs all OUT requests.
* When the 8051 is released from reset, the EZ-USB FX automatically
arms the Bulk OUT endpoints by setting their CS Registers to
000000010b. This causes the next OUT request to be ACKd and subsequent OUT transfers to be NAKd until the 8051 loads the endpoint byte
count register.
Table 13-1 documents the following summary list of states at power on.

Endpoint data buffers and byte counts are un-initialized (1,2).

The 8051 is held in reset, and the CLKOUT pin is enabled (3).

All port pins are configured as input ports (4-6).

USB interrupts are disabled, and USB interrupt requests are cleared (7-8).

Bulk IN and OUT endpoints are unarmed, and their stall bits are cleared (9). The USB
core will NAK IN tokens and ACK OUT tokens while the 8051 is reset. OUT endpoints are
enabled for one OUT transfer when the 8051 is released from reset.

Endpoint toggle bits are cleared (11).

The RENUM Bit is cleared. This means that the USB core, and not the 8051, initially
responds to USB device requests (12).

The USB function address register is set to zero (13).

The endpoint valid bits are set to match the endpoints used by the default USB device (1417).

Endpoint pairing is disabled. Also, ISOSend0=0, meaning that if an Isochronous endpoint

receives an IN token without being loaded by the 8051 in the previous frame, the USB
core does not generate any response (18).

The breakpoint condition is cleared, and autovectoring is turned off (19).

Configuration Zero, Alternate Setting Zero is in effect (20-21).

13.3 Releasing the 8051 Reset

The EZ-USB FX register bit CPUCS.0 resets the 8051. This bit is LO at power-on, initially holding
the 8051 in reset. There are three ways to release the 8051 from reset:

By the host, as the final step of a RAM download.

Chapter 13. EZ-USB FX Resets

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Automatically, at the end of an EEPROM load (assuming the EEPROM is correctly programmed).

Automatically, when external ROM is used (EA=1).

13.3.1 RAM Download

Once enumerated, the host can download code into the EZ-USB FX RAM using the Firmware
Load vendor request (Chapter 9. "EZ-USB FX Endpoint Zero"). The last packet loaded writes 0 to
the CPUCS Register, which clears the 8051 RESET Bit.

The other bit in the CPUCS Register, CLKOUTOE, is writable only by the 8051. The host writing a
zero byte to this register does not turn off the CLKOUT signal.

13.3.2 EEPROM Load

Chapter 5 describes the EEPROM boot loads in detail. Briefly, at power-on, the USB core checks
for the presence of an EEPROM on its I 2C-compatible bus. If found, it reads the first EEPROM
Byte. If it reads 0xB6 as the first byte, the USB core downloads 8051 code from the EEPROM into
internal RAM. The last operation in a B6 load writes 0x00 to the CPUCS Register (at 0x7F92),
which releases the 8051 from reset.

13.3.3 External ROM

EZ-USB FX systems can use external program memory containing 8051 code and USB device
descriptors, which include the VID/DID/PID Bytes. Because these systems do not require an I 2Ccompatible EEPROM to supply the VID/DID/PID, the USB core automatically releases 8051 reset
when:

EA=1 (External code memory), and

No B4/B6 EEPROM is detected on the I 2C-compatible bus.

Under these conditions, the USB core also sets the RENUM Bit to 1, giving USB control to the
8051.

13.4 8051 Reset Effects

Once the 8051 is running, the USB host may reset the 8051 by downloading the value 0x01 to the
CPUCS Register. The host might do this in preparation for loading code overlays, effectively magnifying the size of the internal EZ-USB FX RAM. For such applications it is important to know the
state of the EZ-USB FX chip during and after an 8051 reset. In this section, this particular reset is

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called an 8051 Reset, and should not be confused with the POR described in Section 13.2. "EZUSB FX Power-On Reset (POR)". This discussion applies only to the condition where the EZ-USB
FX chip is powered, and the 8051 is reset by the host setting the CPUCS Register to 0.
The basic USB device configuration remains intact through an 8051 reset. Valid endpoints remain
valid, the USB function address remains the same, and the I/O ports retain their configurations and
values. Stalled endpoints remain stalled, and data toggles dont change. The only effects of an
8051 reset are as follows:

USB (INT2) interrupts are disabled, but pending interrupt requests remain pending.
When the 8051 comes out of reset, pending interrupts are kept pending, but disabled. This
gives the firmware writer the choice of acting on pre-8051-reset USB events, or ignoring
them by clearing the pending interrupt(s) before enabling INT2.

During the 8051 Reset, all bulk IN endpoints are unarmed, causing the USB core to NAK
IN tokens; OUT tokens are ACKd.

After the 8051 Reset is removed, the OUT bulk endpoints are automatically armed. OUT
endpoints are thus ready to accept one OUT packet before 8051 intervention is required.

The breakpoint condition is cleared.

USBBAV.3, the breakpoint BREAK Bit, is cleared.

The other bits in the USBBAV Register are unaffected. The RENUM Bit is not affected by an 8051
reset.

13.5 USB Bus Reset

The host signals a USB Bus Reset by driving an SE0 state (both D+ and D- data lines low) for a
minimum of 10 ms. The USB core senses this condition, requests the 8051 USB Interrupt (INT2),
and supplies the interrupt vector for a USB Reset. A USB reset affects the EZ-USB FX resources
as shown in Table 13-2.

Chapter 13. EZ-USB FX Resets

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Table 13-2. EZ-USB FX States After a USB Bus Reset

Item

Register

Default
Value

Endpt Data

uuuuuuuu

Byte Counts

uuuuuuuu

CPUCS

uuuuuuuu

PORT Configs

uuuuuuuu

PORT Registers

uuuuuuuu

PORT OEs

uuuuuuuu

Interrupt Enables

uuuuuuuu

Interrupt Reqs

uuuuuuuu

Comment
u = unchanged

Bulk IN C/S

00000000

unarm

10

Bulk OUT C/S

uuuuuuuu

retain armed/unarmed state

11

Toggle Bits

00000000

12

USBCS

uuuuuuuu

RENUM Bit unchanged

13

FNADDR

00000000

USB Function Address

14

IN07VAL

uuuuuuuu

15

OUT07VAL

uuuuuuuu

16

INISOVAL

uuuuuuuu

17

OUTISOVAL

uuuuuuuu

18

USBPAIR

uuuuuuuu

19

Configuration

00000000

20

Alternate Setting

00000000

A USB bus reset leaves most EZ-USB FX resources unchanged. From Table 13-2, after USB bus
reset:

The USB core unarms all Bulk IN endpoints (9). Data loaded by the 8051 into an IN endpoint buffer remains there, and the 8051 firmware can either re-send it by loading the endpoint byte count register to re-arm the transfer, or send new data by re-loading the IN
buffer before re-arming the endpoint.

Bulk OUT endpoints retain their busy states (10). Data sent by the host to an OUT endpoint buffer remains in the buffer, and the 8051 firmware can either read the data or reject
it as stale simply by not reading it. In either case, the 8051 loads a dummy value to the
endpoint byte count Register to re-arm OUT transfers.

Toggle bits are cleared (11).

The device address is reset to zero (13).

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Note from item 12 of Table 13-2 that the RENUM Bit is unchanged after a USB bus reset. Therefore, if a device has ReNumerated and loaded a new personality, it retains the new personality
through a USB bus reset.

13.6 EZ-USB FX Disconnect

Table 13-3. Effects of an EZ-USB FX Disconnect and Re-connect
Item

Register

Default Value

Comment

Endpt Data

uuuuuuuu

u = unchanged

Byte Counts

uuuuuuuu

CPUCS

uuuuuuuu

PORT Configs

uuuuuuuu

PORT Registers

uuuuuuuu

PORT OEs

uuuuuuuu

Interrupt Enables

uuuuuuuu

Interrupt Reqs

uuuuuuuu

Bulk IN C/S

00000000

unarm, clear stall bit

10

Bulk OUT C/S

00000010

Arm, clear stall bit

11

Toggle Bits

00000000

reset

12

USBCS

uuuuuuuu

RENUM Bit unchanged

13

FNADDR

00000000

USB Function Address

14

IN07VAL

uuuuuuuu

15

OUT07VAL

uuuuuuuu

16

INISOVAL

uuuuuuuu

17

OUTISOVAL

uuuuuuuu

18

USBPAIR

uuuuuuuu

19

Configuration

00000000

20

Alternate Setting

00000000

Although not strictly a reset, when the EZ-USB FX simulates a disconnect-reconnect to ReNumerate, there are effects on the USB core:

Bulk IN endpoints are unarmed, and bulk OUT endpoints are armed (9-10).

Endpoint STALL Bits are cleared (9-10).

Data toggles are reset (11).

The function address is reset to zero (13).

Chapter 13. EZ-USB FX Resets

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

The configuration is reset to zero (19).

Alternate settings are reset to zero (20).

13.7 Reset Summary

Table 13-4. Effects of Various EZ-USB FX Resets (U Means Unaffected)

RESET
pin

USB Bus
Reset

Disconnect

8051 Reset

8051 Reset

reset

N/A

EP0-7 IN EPs

unarm

unarm

unarm

unarm

Resource

EP0-7 OUT EPs

arm

arm

arm all /arm one

Breakpoint

reset

reset

Stall Bits

reset

reset

Interrupt Enables

reset

reset

Interrupt Reqs

reset

run

Data Toggles

reset

reset

reset

Function Address

reset

reset

reset

CLKOUT

Configuration

ReNum

Table 13-4 summarizes the effects of the four EZ-USB FX resets.

The I 2C-compatible controller is not reset for any of the conditions laid out in Table 13-4. Only the
EZ-USB FX RESET pin resets it.

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

Chapter 14. EZ-USB FX Power Management

14.1 Introduction
The USB host can suspend a device to put it into power-down mode. When the USB signals a
SUSPEND operation, the EZ-USB FX chip goes through a sequence of steps to allow the 8051 to
first turn off external power-consuming subsystems, and then enter an ultra-low-power mode by
turning off its oscillator, its D+ and D- drivers, and other SIE circuits. Once suspended, the EZ-USB
FX chip is awakened either by resumption of USB bus activity or by assertion of its WAKEUP# pin.
This chapter describes the suspend-resume mechanism.
12 MHz

WAKEUP# pin
USB RESUME

START
STOP

Oscillator

PLL

48 MHz

Restart
Delay

div by
2
CLK24
PCON.0
"RESUME" INT

No USB activity
for 3 msec.

8051

Signal
Resume
(USBCS.0)

USB
"SUSPEND"
Interrupt

Figure 14-1. Suspend-Resume Control

Chapter 14. EZ-USB FX Power Management

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Figure 14-1 illustrates the EZ-USB FX logic that implements USB suspend and resume. These
operations are explained in the next sections.

14.2 Suspend

12 MHz

STOP

Oscillator

PLL
48 MHz
div by 2

Mux
CLKOUT
PCON.0

8051
INT2
No USB activity
for 3 msec.

USB
"SUSPEND"
Interrupt

Figure 14-2. EZ-USB FX Suspend Sequence

A USB device recognizes SUSPEND as 3 ms of a bus idle (J) state. The USB core alerts the
8051 by asserting the USB (INT2) Interrupt and the SUSPEND Interrupt vector. This gives the
8051 code a chance to perform power conservation housekeeping before shutting down the oscillator (by setting PCON.0=1).

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

For bus-powered devices, the 8051 code must respond to the SUSPEND Interrupt by taking the
following steps:
1. Perform any necessary housekeeping, such as shutting off external power-consuming
devices.
2. Set bit 0 of the PCON SFR (Special Function Register). This has two effects:

The 8051 enters its idle mode.

The 8051 sends an internal signal to the USB core, causing it to turn off the oscillator and
PLL.

These actions put the EZ-USB FX chip into a low-power mode, as required by the USB Specification.
Self-powered devices may perform the above power saving steps, but it is not required by the USB
Specification.

14.3 Resume

12 MHz

WAKEUP# pin
USB Resume

START

Oscillator

PLL
48 MHz
Restart
Delay

div by 2

Mux
CLKOUT

Resume INT

8051

Signal
Resume
(USBCS.0)

Figure 14-3. EZ-USB FX Resume Sequence

Chapter 14. EZ-USB FX Power Management

Page 14-3

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

When the 8051 sets PCON.0, it enters an idle state. 8051 execution is resumed by activation of its
RESUME Interrupt (Vector 33). When external logic pulls WAKEUP# low (for example, when a
keyboard key is pressed or a modem receives a ring signal) or USB bus activity resumes, the USB
core re-starts the 12-MHz oscillator, allowing the 8051 to recognize the RESUME Interrupt and
continue executing instructions.

Resume IRQ Bit

EICON.5

From "RESTART
DELAY"

Enable RESUME INT

8051
"RESUME"
Interrupt

S
R
EICON.4(0)

Read RESUME IRQ Bit

EICON.4(rd)

Clear RESUME IRQ Bit

Figure 14-4. EZ-USB FX RESUME Interrupt

Figure 14-4 shows the two 8051 EICON SFR Bits associated with the RESUME Interrupt. The
USB core asserts the resume signal when the USB core senses a USB Global Resume, or when
the EZ-USB FX WAKEUP# pin is pulled low.
The 8051 enables the RESUME Interrupt by setting EICON.5.
setb

EICON.5

; enable Resume Int

The 8051 can read the RESUME Interrupt request bit in EICON.4.
The 8051 clears the interrupt request bit by writing a zero to EICON.4.

Resume_isr:

clr

EICON.4

; clear the RESUME

; Interrupt Request Bit

reti

The EZ-USB FX oscillator re-starts when:

USB bus activity resumes (labelled USB Resume in Figure 14-3), or

External logic asserts the EZ-USB FX WAKEUP# pin low.

After an oscillator stabilization time, the USB core asserts the 8051 Resume Interrupt. (See Figure
12-1). This causes the 8051 to exit its idle mode. The Resume Interrupt is the highest priority 8051

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

interrupt. It is always enabled, unaffected by the EA Bit. However, it is affected by the EICON.5 Bit
(ERESI).
The resume ISR clears the interrupt request flag, and executes a reti (return from interrupt)
instruction. This causes the 8051 to continue program execution at the instruction following the
one that set PCON.0 to initiate the suspend operation.

About the Resume Interrupt

The 8051 enters the idle mode when PCON.0 is set to 1. Although the 8051 exits its idle
state when any interrupt occurs, the EZ-USB FX logic supports only the RESUME Interrupt
for the USB resume operation. This is because the USB core asserts this particular interrupt
after restarting the 8051 clock.

14.4 Remote Wakeup

USBCS

USB Control and Status

7FD6

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

WAKESRC

DISCON

DISCOE

RENUM

SIGRSUME

Figure 14-5. USB Control and Status Register

Any device can ask to be enabled by the host to wakeup the host. (Additional information is provided in the section "Remote Wakeup: The Big Picture", later in this chapter.
Two bits in the USBCS Register are used for remote wakeup, WAKESRC and SIGRSUME.
After exiting the idle state, the 8051 reads the WAKESRC Bit in the USBCS Register to discover
how the wakeup was initiated. WAKESRC=1 indicates assertion of the WAKEUP# pin, and
WAKESRC=0 indicates a resumption of USB bus activity. The 8051 clears the WAKESRC Bit by
writing a 1 to it.

Chapter 14. EZ-USB FX Power Management

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

More about Wakeup

If your design does not assert remote wakeup (that is your device is not one of the preenabled devices that can wakeup the host), tie the WAKEUP# pin high.
Holding the WAKEUP# pin low inhibits the EZ-USB FX chip from suspending.
Suspend Flop. There is a flip flop in the FX that is set when the FX has seen the 3 ms of no
SOFs on the USB. Its called Suspend Flop.
The WAKEUP# pin is tied to the clear of the Suspend Flop. Then the WAKEUP#pin is driven
low:
The Suspend Flop clears, and the oscillator and Restart Delay start.
When the Suspend Flop is set (among other FX-local power saving steps), the D+ and Ddrivers are powered down. Hence, until the Suspend Flop is cleared, the FX cannot signal
the host.
When the FX wants to signal a Remote Wakeup Pulse to the host, the Suspend Flop must be
cleared (or never allowed to set) to allow the D+ and D- drivers to be powered up before
asserting the Remote Wakeup Pulse on the USB. In other words:

Holding WAKEUP# low prevents the Suspend Flop from ever setting. (As it says
above, Holding the WAKEUP#pin low inhibits the FX chip from suspending.)

Pulsing WAKEUP# low clears the Suspend Flop.

This applies especially to self-powered devices where the designer elects to not save power
during suspend, devices such as those powered from a wall transformer (as opposed to a
battery.) You should tie the WAKEUP#pin low for these power-rich devices that will signal a
remote wakeup.
In summary, for all devices that wish to assert a K-state wakeup pulse to the host (Remote
Wakeup), the Suspend Flop must be cleared before asserting the K-state wakep pulse.

When a USB device is suspended, the upstream driver is tri-stated, and the bus pullup and pulldown resistors cause the bus to assume the J, or idle state. A suspended device signals a
remote wakeup by asserting the K state for 1-15 ms. The 8051 controls this using the SIGRSUME Bit in the USBCS Register.
If the 8051 finds WAKESRC=1 after exiting the idle mode, it must drive the K state for 1-15 ms to
signal the USB remote wakeup. It does this by setting SIGRSUME=1, waiting 10-15 ms, and then
setting SIGRSUME=0. The resume routine should also write a 1 to the WAKESRC Bit to clear it.

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

J and K States
The USB Specification uses differential data signals D+ and D-. Instead of defining a logical
1 and 0, it defines the J and K states. For a high speed device, the J state means
(D+ > D-).

The USB Default device does not support remote wakeup. This fact is reported at enumeration
time in byte 7 of the built-in Configuration Descriptor (Table 5-10).

Remote Wakeup: The Big Picture

Additional factors besides the EZ-USB FX suspend-resume mechanism described in this
section determine whether remote wakeup is possible. These are:

The device must report that it is capable of signaling a remote wakeup in the bAttributes field of its Configuration Descriptor. For an example of this description, see
Table 5-10.

The host must issue a Set_Feature/Device request with the feature selector field
set to 0x01 to enable remote wakeup. For a detailed request, see Table 9-6.

Chapter 14. EZ-USB FX Power Management

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

Chapter 15. EZ-USB FX Registers

15.1 Introduction
This section describes the EZ-USB FX registers in the order they appear in the EZ-USB FX memory map. The registers are named according to the following conventions.
Most registers deal with endpoints. The general register format is DDDnFFF, where:
DDD

is endpoint direction, IN or OUT with respect to the USB host.

is the endpoint number, where:

FFF

07 refers to endpoints 0-7 as a group.

0-7 refers to each individual BULK/INTERRUPT/CONTROL endpoint.

ISO indicates isochronous endpoints as a group.

is the function, where:

CS is a control and status register

IRQ is an Interrupt Request Bit

IE is an Interrupt Enable Bit

BC, BCL, and BCH are byte count registers. BC is used for single byte counts, and
BCL/H are used as the low and high bytes of 16-bit byte counts.

DATA is a single-register access to a FIFO.

BUF is the start address of a buffer.

15.1.1 Example Register Formats

IN7BC is the Endpoint 7 IN byte count.

Chapter 15. EZ-USB FX Registers

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

OUT07IRQ is the register containing interrupt request bits for OUT endpoints 0-7.

INISOVAL contains valid bits for the isochronous IN endpoints (EP8IN-EP15IN).

15.1.2 Other Conventions

USB

Indicates a global (not endpoint-specific) USB function.

ADDR

Is an address.

VAL

Means valid.

FRAME Is a frame count.

PTR

Is an address pointer.

Register Name

Register Function

Address

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

bitname

bitname

bitname

bitname

bitname

bitname

bitname

bitname

R, W access

R, W access

R, W access

R, W access

R, W access

R, W access

R, W access

R, W access

Default val

Default val

Default val

Default val

Default val

Default val

Default val

Default val

Figure 15-1. Register Description Format

Figure 15-1. illustrates the register description format used in this chapter.

The top line shows the register name, functional description, and address in the EZ-USB
FX memory.

The second line shows the bit position in the register.

The third line shows the name of each bit in the register.

The fourth line shows 8051 accessibility: R(ead), W(rite), or R/W.

The fifth line shows the default value. These values apply after a Power-On-Reset (POR).

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15.2 Slave FIFO Registers

15.2.1 FIFO A Read Data
AINDATA

FIFO A Read Data

7800

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

D7

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

Figure 15-2. FIFO A Read Data

Each time the 8051 reads a byte from this register, the A-IN FIFO advances to the next byte in the
FIFO and the AINBC (byte count) decrements. Reading this register when there is one byte
remaining in the A-IN FIFO sets the A-IN FIFO Empty Flag (AINEF, in ABINCS.4), which causes
an interrupt request on INT4 (Table 2). Reading this register when the A-IN FIFO is empty returns
indeterminate data and has no effect on the FIFO flags byte counts. For more information, see
Section 7.2.1, "FIFO A Read Data".

15.2.2 A-IN FIFO Byte Count

AINBC

A-IN FIFO Byte Count

7801

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

Figure 15-3. A-IN FIFO Byte Count

This count reflects the number of bytes remaining in the A-IN FIFO. Valid byte counts are 0-64.
When non-zero, every byte written by outside logic increments this count, and every 8051 read of
AINDATA decrements this count. If AINBC is zero, an 8051 read of AINDATA returns indeterminate
data and results in the byte count in AINBC remaining at zero. Data bytes should never be written
to the FIFO from outside logic when the AINFULL flag is HI. For more information, see Section
7.2.2, "A-IN FIFO Byte Count".

Chapter 15. EZ-USB FX Registers

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

15.2.3 A-IN FIFO Programmable Flag

AINPF

A-IN FIFO Programmable Flag

7802

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

LTGT

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-4. A-IN FIFO Programmable Flag

This register controls the sense and value for the internal A-IN FIFO programmable flag. This flag
is testable by the 8051. For more information including a list of bit definitions for this register, see
Section 7.2.3, "A-IN FIFO Programmable Flag".

15.2.4 A-IN FIFO Pin Programmable Flag

AINPFPIN

A-IN FIFO Pin Programmable Flag

7803

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

LTGT

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-5. A-IN FIFO Pin Programmable Flag

This register controls the sense and value for the A-IN FIFO Programmable Flag that appears on
the AINFLAG pin. This pin is used by external logic to regulate external writes to the A-IN FIFO.
The AINPFPIN Register is programmed with the same data format as the previous register,
AINPF. The only operational difference is that the flag drives a hardware pin rather than existing as
an internal register bit. For more information, see Section 7.2.3.3, "A-IN FIFO Pin Programmable
Flag".

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15.2.5 B-IN FIFO Read Data

BINDATA

B-IN FIFO Read Data

7805

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

D7

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

Figure 15-6. B-IN FIFO Read Data

Each time the 8051 reads a byte from this register, the B-IN FIFO advances to the next byte in the
FIFO and the BINBC (byte count) decrements. Reading this register when there is one byte
remaining in the FIFO sets the B-IN FIFO Empty Flag (BINEF, in ABINCS.1), which causes an
INT4 Request. Reading this register when the B-IN FIFO is empty returns indeterminate data and
has no effect on the FIFO flags or byte count. For more information, see Section 7.2.4, "B-IN FIFO
Read Data".

15.2.6 B-IN FIFO Byte Count

BINBC

B-IN FIFO Byte Count

7806

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

Figure 15-7. B-IN FIFO Byte Count

This count reflects the number of bytes remaining in the B-IN FIFO. Valid byte counts are 0-64.
When non-zero, every byte written by outside logic increments this count, and every 8051 read of
BINDATA decrements this count. If BINBC is zero, an 8051 read of BINDATA returns indeterminate
data and results in the byte count in BINBC remaining at zero. Data bytes should never be written
to the FIFO from outside logic when the BINFULL flag is HI. For more information, see Section
7.2.5. "B-IN FIFO Byte Count."

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15.2.7 B-IN FIFO Programmable Flag

BINPF

B-IN FIFO Programmable Flag

7807

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

LTGT

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-8. B-IN FIFO Programmable Flag

This register controls the sense and value for the internal B-IN FIFO programmable flag. For more
information including a list of bit descriptions, see Section 7.2.6. "B-IN FIFO Programmable Flag."

15.2.8 B-IN FIFO Pin Programmable Flag

BINPFPIN

B-IN FIFO Pin Programmable Flag

7808

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

LTGT

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-9. B-IN FIFO Pin Programmable Flag

This register controls the sense and value for the B-IN FIFO Programmable Flag that appears on
the BINFLAG pin. This pin is used by external logic to regulate external writes to the B-IN FIFO.
The BINPFPIN Register is programmed with the same data format as the previous register,
BINPF. The only operational difference is that the flag drives a hardware pin rather than existing as
an internal register bit. For more information see Section 7.2.7. "B-IN FIFO Pin Programmable
Flag."

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15.2.9 Input FIFOs A/B Toggle CTL and Flags

ABINTCS

Input FIFOs A/B Toggle CTL and Flags

780A

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

INTOG

INSEL

AINPF

AINEF

AINFF

BINPF

BINEF

BINFF

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-10. Input FIFOs A/B Toggle CTL and Flags

For information about this register, including a list of bit descriptions, see Section 7.2.8. "Input
FIFOs A/B Toggle CTL and Flags."

15.2.10 Input FIFOs A/B Interrupt Enables

ABINIE

Input FIFOs A/B Interrupt Enables

780B

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

AINPFIE

AINEFIE

AINFFIE

BINPFIE

BINEFIE

BINFFIE

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-11. Input FIFOs A/B Interrupt Enables

For information about this register, including a list of bit descriptions, see Section 7.2.9. "Input
FIFOs A/B Interrupt Enables."

15.2.11 Input FIFOs A/B Interrupt Requests

ABINIRQ

Input FIFOs A/B Interrupt Enables

780C

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

AINPFIR

AINEFIR

AINFFIR

BINPFIR

BINEFIR

BINFFIR

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-12. Input FIFOs A/B Interrupt Requests

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For information about the ABINIRQ Register, including a list of bit descriptions, see Section 7.2.10.
"Input FIFOs A/B Interrupt Requests."

15.2.12 FIFO A Write Data

AOUTDATA

FIFO A Write Data

780E

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

D7

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

Figure 15-13. FIFO A Write Data

A-OUT FIFO Write Data. Each time the 8051/DMA writes a byte to this register, the A-OUT FIFO
advances to the next open position in the FIFO and the AOUTBC (byte count) increments. Writing
this register when there are 63 bytes remaining in the A-OUT FIFO sets the A-FIFO Full Flag
(AOUTFF, in ABOUTCS.3), which causes an INT4 Request. Writing this register when the A-OUT
FIFO is full (64 bytes) does not update the FIFO or byte count, and has no effect on the FIFO flags
or byte count. For more information, see Section 7.2.11. "FIFO A Write Data."

15.2.13 A-OUT FIFO Byte Count

AOUTBC

A-OUT FIFO Byte Count

780F

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

D7

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

Figure 15-14. Input FIFOs A/B Interrupt Requests

This count reflects the number of bytes remaining in the A-OUT FIFO. Valid byte counts are 0-64.
When non-zero, every byte read by outside logic decrements this count, and every 8051 write of
AOUTDATA increments this count. If AOUTBC is zero, reading a data byte by outside logic returns
indeterminate data and results in the byte count in AOUTBC remaining at zero. For more information, see Section 7.2.11.1. "A-OUT FIFO Byte Count."

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15.2.14 A-OUT FIFO Programmable Flag

AOUTPF

A-OUT FIFO Programmable Flag

7810

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

LTGT

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-15. Input FIFOs A/B Interrupt Requests

This register controls the sense and value for the internal A-OUT FIFO Programmable Flag. The
internal flag may be tested by the 8051, and/or enabled to cause an INT4 Interrupt Request. The
8051 tests the internal FIFO programmable flag by reading the AOUTPF Bit in ABOUTCS.5 (register at 0x7818). For more information including a list of bit descriptions, see Section 7.2.12. "A-OUT
FIFO Programmable Flag."

15.2.15 A-OUT FIFO Pin Programmable Flag

AOUTPFPIN

A-OUT FIFO Pin Programmable Flag

7811

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

LTGT

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-16. A-OUT FIFO Pin Programmable Flag

This register controls the sense and value for the A-OUT FIFO Programmable Flag that appears
on the AOUTFLAG pin. This pin is used by external logic to regulate external reads from the AOUT FIFO. The AOUTPFPIN Register is programmed with the same data format as the previous
register, AOUTPF. The only operational difference is that the flag drives a hardware pin rather than
existing as an internal register bit. For more information, see Section 7.2.13. "A-OUT FIFO Pin
Programmable Flag."

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15.2.16 B-OUT FIFO Write Data

BOUTDATA

B-OUT FIFO Write Data

7813

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

D7

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

Figure 15-17. B-OUT FIFO Write Data

Each time the 8051/DMA writes a byte to this register, the B-OUT FIFO advances to the next open
position in the FIFO and the BOUTBC (Byte count) increments. Writing this register when there
are 63 bytes remaining in the B-OUT FIFO sets the B-FIFO Full Flag (BOUTFF, in ABOUTCS.0),
which causes an INT4 Interrupt Request. Writing this register when the B-OUT FIFO is full (64
bytes) does not update the FIFO or byte count, and has no effect on the FIFO flags or byte count.
For more information, see Section 7.2.14. "B-OUT FIFO Write Data."

15.2.17 B-OUT FIFO Byte Count

BOUTBC

B-OUT FIFO Byte Count

7814

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

D7

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

Figure 15-18. B-OUT FIFO Byte Count

This count reflects the number of bytes remaining in the B-OUT FIFO. Valid byte counts are 0-64.
When non-zero, every byte read by outside logic decrements this count, and every 8051 write of
BOUTDATA increments this count. If BOUTBC is zero, reading a data byte by outside logic returns
indeterminate data and results in the byte count in BOUTBC remaining at zero. For more information, see Section 7.2.15. "B-OUT FIFO Byte Count."

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15.2.18 B-OUT FIFO Programmable Flag

BOUTPF

B-OUT FIFO Programmable Flag

7815

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

LTGT

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-19. B-OUT FIFO Programmable Flag

This register controls the sense and value for the internal B-OUT FIFO Programmable Flag. The
internal flag may be tested by the 8051, and/or enabled to cause an INT4 Interrupt Request. For
more information including a list of bit descriptions, see Section 7.2.16. "B-OUT FIFO Programmable Flag."

15.2.19 B-OUT FIFO Pin Programmable Flag

BOUTPFPIN

B-OUT FIFO Pin Programmable Flag

7816

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

LTGT

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-20. B-OUTFIFO Pin Programmable Flag

This register controls the sense and value for the B-OUT FIFO Programmable Flag that appears
on the BOUTFLAG pin. This pin is used by external logic to regulate external reads from the BOUT FIFO. The BOUTPFPIN Register is programmed with the same data format as the previous
register, BOUTPF. The only operational difference is that the flag drives a hardware pin rather than
existing as an internal register bit. For more information including a list of bit descriptions, see Section 7.2.17. "B-OUT FIFO Pin Programmable Flag."

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15.2.20 Output FIFOs A/B Toggle CTL and Flags

ABOUTCS

Output FIFOs A/B Toggle CTL and Flags

7818

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

OUTINTOG

OUTSEL

AOUTPF

AOUTEF

AOUTFF

BOUTPF

BOUTEF

BOUTFF

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-21. Output FIFOs A/B Toggle CTL and Flags

For information about this register, including a list of bit descriptions, see Section 7.2.18. "Output
FIFOs A/B Toggle CTL and Flags."

15.2.21 Output FIFOs A/B Interrupt Enables

ABOUTIE

Output FIFOs A/B Interrupt Enables

b5

b4

b3

b2

7819

b7

b6

b1

b0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

AOUTPFIE AOUTEFIE AOUTFFIE BOUTPFIE BOUTEFIE BOUTFFIE

Figure 15-22. Output FIFOs A/B Interrupt Enables

For information about this register, including a list of bit descriptions, see Section 7.2.19. "Output
FIFOs A/B Interrupt Enables."

15.2.22 Output FIFOs A/B Interrupt Requests

ABOUTIRQ

Output FIFOs A/B Interrupt Requests

b5

b4

b3

b2

781A

b7

b6

b1

b0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

AOUTPFIR AOUTEFIR AOUTFFIR BOUTPFIR BOUTEFIR BOUTFFIR

Figure 15-23. Output FIFOs A/B Interrupt Requests

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For information about this register, including a list of bit descriptions, see Section 7.2.20. "Output
FIFOs A/B Interrupt Requests."

15.2.23 FIFO A/B Setup

ABSETUP

FIFO A/B Setup

781C

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

ASYNC

DBLIN

OUTDLY

DBLOUT

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-24. FIFO A/B Setup

For information about this register, including a list of bit descriptions, see Section 7.2.21. "FIFO A/
B Setup."

15.2.24 FIFO A/B Control Signal Polarities

ABPOLAR

FIFO A/B Control Signal Polarities

781D

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

BOE

AOE

SLRD

SLWR

ASEL

BSEL

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-25. FIFO A/B Control Signal Polarities

These bits define the pin polarities for the indicated signals. The 8051 sets a bit LOW for active
low, and HI for active high. For more information including a list of bit descriptions, see Section
7.2.22. "FIFO A/B Control Signal Polarities."

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15.2.25 FIFO Flag Reset

ABFLUSH

Reset All FIFO Flags

781E

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

Figure 15-26. FIFO Flag Reset

The 8051 writes any value to this register to reset the FIFO byte counts to zero, effectively flushing
the FIFOs. Consequently, the byte counts are set to zero, the empty flags are set, and the full flags
are cleared. Reading this register returns indeterminate data. For more information including a list
of bit descriptions, see Section 7.2.23. "FIFO Flag Reset."

15.3 Waveform Selector

WFSELECT
b7

Waveform Selector
b6

b5

b4

7824

b3

b2

b1

FIFOWR0-3

b0

SINGLEWR0-3

SINGLERD0-3

FIFORD0-3

Figure 15-27. Waveform Selector

For detailed information, see Chapter 8. "General Programmable Interface (GPIF)".

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15.4 GPIF Done, GPIF IDLE Drive Mode

IDLECS

GPIF Done, GPIF IDLE Drive Mode

7825

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

DONE

IDLEDRV

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-28. GPIF Done, GPIF IDLE Drive Mode

For detailed information, see Chapter 8. "General Programmable Interface (GPIF)".

15.5 Inactive Bus, CTL States

IDLECTLOUT

Inactive Bus, CTL States

b7

b6

b5

b4

IOE3

IOE2

R/W

R/W

R/W

7826

b3

b2

b1

b0

CTL3

CTL2

CTL1

CTL0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

IOE1/CTL5 IOE0/CTL4

Figure 15-29. Inactive Bus, CTL States

CTLOUTCFG

CTLOUT Pin Drive

7827

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

TRICTL

CTL5

CTL4

CTL3

CTL2

CTL1

CTL0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-30. CTLOUT Pin Drive

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15.6 GPIF Address LSB

GPIFADRL

GPIF Address Low

782A

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

A5

A4

A3

A2

A1

A0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-31. GPIF Address Low

15.7 FIFO A IN Transaction Count

AINTC

FIFO A IN Transaction Count

782C

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

FITC

AINTC6

AINTC5

AINTC4

AINTC3

AINTC2

AINTC1

AINTC0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-32. FIFO A IN Transaction Count

For detailed information, see Chapter 8. "General Programmable Interface (GPIF)".

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15.8 FIFO A OUT Transaction Count

AOUTTC

FIFO A OUT Transaction Count

782D

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

FITC

AOUTTC6

AOUTTC5

AOUTTC4

AOUTTC3

AOUTTC2

AOUTTC1

AOUTTC0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-33. FIFO A OUT Transaction Count

See Chapter 8. "General Programmable Interface (GPIF)" for detailed information.

15.9 FIFO A Transaction Trigger

ATRIG

FIFO A Transaction Trigger

782E

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-34. FIFO A Transaction Trigger

See Chapter 8. "General Programmable Interface (GPIF)" for detailed information.

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15.10 FIFO B IN Transaction Count

BINTC

FIFO B IN Transaction Count

7830

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

BINTC7

BINTC6

BINTC5

BINTC4

BINTC3

BINTC2

BINTC1

BINTC0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-35. FIFO B IN Transaction Count

For detailed information, see Chapter 8. "General Programmable Interface (GPIF)".

15.11 FIFO B OUT Transaction Count

BOUTTC

FIFO B OUT Transaction Count

7831

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

BOUTTC7

BOUTTC6

BOUTTC5

BOUTTC4

BOUTTC3

BOUTTC2

BOUTTC1

BOUTTC0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-36. FIFO B OUT Transaction Count

For detailed information, see Chapter 8. "General Programmable Interface (GPIF)".

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15.12 FIFO B Transaction Trigger

BTRIG

FIFO B Transaction Trigger

7832

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-37. FIFO B Transaction

For detailed information, see Chapter 8. "General Programmable Interface (GPIF)".

15.13 GPIF Data H (16-bit mode only)

SGLDATH

GPIF Data H (16-bit mode only)

7834

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

D15

D14

D13

D12

D11

D10

D9

D8

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-38. GPIF Data H (16-bit mode only)

15.14 Read or Write GPIF Data L and Trigger Read Transaction

SGLDATLTRIG

R/W GPIF DataL/Trig Rd Transaction

7835

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

D7

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-39. Read or Write GPIF Data L and Trigger Read Transaction

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15.15 Read GPIF Data L, No Read Transaction Trigger

SGLDATLNTRIG

Rd GPIF Data L/No Trig Rd Transaction

7836

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

D7

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

Figure 15-40. Read GPIF Data L, No Read Transaction Trigger

15.16 Internal READY, Sync/Async, READY Pin States

READY

Internal Rdy, Sync/Async, Rdy Pin States

7838

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

INTRDY

SAS

RDY5

RDY4

RDY3

RDY2

RDY1

RDY0

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-41. Internal READY, Sync/Async, READY Pin States

15.17 Abort GPIF Cycles

ABORT

Abort GPIF Cycles

7839

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

Figure 15-42. Abort GPIF Cycles

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15.18 General Purpose I/F Interrupt Enable

GENIE

General Purpose I/F Interrupt Enable

783B

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

DMADONE

GPIFWF

GPIFDONE

Figure 15-43. Generic Interrupt Enable

15.19 Generic Interrupt Request

GENIRQ

Generic Interrupt Request

783C

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

DMADONE

GPIFWF

GPIFDONE

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-44. Generic Interrupt Request

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15.20 Input/Output Port Registers D and E

For more information, see Section 4.3, "Input/Output Port Registers".

15.20.1 Port D Outputs

OUTD

Port D Outputs

7841

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

OUTD7

OUTD6

OUTD5

OUTD4

OUTD3

OUTD2

OUTD1

OUTD0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-45. Port D Outputs

15.20.2 Input Port D Pins

PINSD

Port D Pins

7842

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

PIND7

PIND6

PIND5

PIND4

PIND3

PIND2

PIND1

PIND0

Figure 15-46. Input Port D Pins

15.20.3 Port D Output Enable

OED

Port D Output Enable

7843

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

OED7

OED6

OED5

OED4

OED3

OED2

OED1

OED0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-47. Port D Output Enable Register

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15.20.4 Port E Outputs

OUTE

Port E Outputs

7845

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

OUTE7

OUTE6

OUTE5

OUTE4

OUTE3

OUTE2

OUTE1

OUTE0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-48. Port E Outputs

15.20.5 Input Port E Pins

PINSE

Port E Pins

7846

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

PINE7

PINE6

PINE5

PINE4

PINE3

PINE2

PINE1

PINE0

Figure 15-49. Input Port E Pins

15.20.6 Port E Output Enable

OEE

Port E Output Enable

7847

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

OEE7

OEE6

OEE5

OEE4

OEE3

OEE2

OEE1

OEE0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-50. Port E Output Enable Register

Chapter 15. EZ-USB FX Registers

Page 15-23

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

15.21 PORTSETUP

PORTSETUP

Timer0 Clock Source, Port to SFR Mapping

7849

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

TOCLK

SFRPORT

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-51. PORTSETUP

15.22 Interface Configuration

IFCONFIG

Interface Configuration

784A

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

52ONE

GSTATE

BUS16

IF1

IF0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-52. Interface Configuration

Bit 7:

52ONE

Set to 1 for the 52-pin package

This bit must be set to 1 for the 52-pin versions of EZ-USB FX. This ensures that certain signals that are driven properly for EZ-USB FX low power operation.

Bit 6-4:

Reserved

Reserved bits, read as 0

Bit 3:

GSTATE

Output GSTATE

When GSTATE=1, three bits in Port A take on the signals shown in Table 15-1. The GSTATE
bits, which indicate GPIF states, are used for diagnostic purposes.

Page 15-24

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

Table 15-1. Port A Alternate Functions When GSTATE=1.

Bit 2:

IO
Pin

Alternate
Function

PA0

GSTATE[0]

PA1

GSTATE[1]

PA2

GSTATE[2]

BUS16

8- or 16-Bit Slave FIFO Operation

This bit selects 8-bit (BUS16=0) or 16-bit (BUS16=1) operation for slave FIFOs A and B. See
Chapter 7. "EZ-USB FX Slave FIFOs" for full details.

Bit 1-0:

Interface Select

Reconfigure I/O ports

These bits, along with the BUS16 bit, select different groups of signals for various EZ-USB FX
pins. Table 15-2 shows the selections.

Chapter 15. EZ-USB FX Registers

Page 15-25

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Table 15-2. Pin Configurations Based on IFCONFIG[1..0]

IFCONFIG[1..0]
00

01

10

11

BUS16=1

BUS16=0

BUS16=1

BUS16-=0

PE0

PE0

adr0

adr0

BOUTFLAG

BOUTFLAG

PE1

PE1

adr1

adr1

AINFULL

AINFULL

PE2

PE2

adr2

adr2

BINFULL

BINFULL

PE3

PE3

adr3

adr3

AOUTEMTY

AOUTEMTY

PE4

PE4

adr4

adr4

BOUTEMTY

BOUTEMTY

PE5

PE5

CTL3

CTL3

PE5

PE5

PE6

PE6

CTL4

CTL4

PE6

PE6

PE7

PE7

CTL5

CTL5

PE7

PE7

NC

NC

CTL0

CTL0

AINFLAG

AINFLAG

NC

NC

CTL1

CTL1

BINFLAG

BINFLAG

NC

NC

CTL2

CTL2

AOUTFLAG

AOUTFLAG

Strap

Strap

RDY0

RDY0

ASEL

ASEL

Strap

Strap

RDY1

RDY1

BSEL

BSEL

Strap

Strap

RDY2

RDY2

AOE

AOE

Strap

Strap

RDY3

RDY3

BOE

BOE

Strap

Strap

RDY4

RDY4

SLWR

SLWR

Strap

Strap

RDY5

RDY5

SLRD

SLRD

Strap

Strap

adr5

adr5

Strap

Strap

XCLK

XCLK

XCLK

XCLK

PORTB

D[7..0]

GDA[7..0]

GDA7..0]

AFI[7..0]

AFI[7..0]

PORTD

PORTD

GDB[7..0]

PORTD

BFI[7..0]

PORTD

NC -Package pin must be left unconnected.

Strap -Package pin must be either pulled-up to VDD or pulled-down to GND.

Page 15-26

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

15.23 PORTA and PORTC Alternate Configurations

15.23.1 Port A Alternate Configuration #2
PORTACF2

PORTA Alternate Configuration #2

784B

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

SLRD

SLWR

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-53. Port A Alternate Configuration #2

Bit 5:

SLRD

Select SLRD/RDY5 signal on PA5 pin

This bit, in conjunction with the PORTACFG.5 Bit and the IFCONFIG[1..0] bits, determines the
function of PA5, as shown in Table 15-3.
Table 15-3. Port A Bit 5
PORTA Bit 5
PORTACFG.5=1

PORTACFG.5=0

PORTACF2.5=0
Port pin PA5

Bit 4:

FRD#

SLWR

PORTACF2.5=1
IFCONFIG[1..0]=10 IFCONFIG[1..0]=11
RDY5
SLRD

Select SLWR/RDY4 signal on PA4 pin

This bit, in conjunction with the PORTACFG.4 Bit and the IFCONFIG[1..0] bits, determines the
function of PA4, as shown in Table 15-4.
Table 15-4. Port A Bit 4
PORTA Bit 4
PORTACFG.4=1

PORTACFG.4=0

PORTACF2.4=0
Port pin PA4

Chapter 15. EZ-USB FX Registers

FWR#

PORTACF2.4=1
IFCONFIG[1..0]=10 IFCONFIG[1..0]=11
RDY4
SLWR

Page 15-27

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

15.23.2 Port C Alternate Configuration #2

PORTCCF2

PORTC Alternate Configuration #2

784C

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

CTL5

CTL4

CTL3

CTL1

RDY3

RDY1

RDY0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-54. Port C Alternate Configuration #2

Bit 7:

CTL5

Select CTL5 on PC7 pin

This bit, in conjunction with the PORTCCFG.7 Bit, determines the function of PC7, as shown
in Table 15-5.
Table 15-5. Port C Bit 7
PORTCCFG.7=0

Port pin PC7

Bit 6:

CTL4

PORTC Bit 7
PORTCCFG.7=1
PORTCCF2.7=0
PORTCCF2.7=1
IFCONFIG[1..0]=10 00, 01, 11 not valid
RD#
CTL5
X

Select CTL4 on PC6 pin

This bit, in conjunction with the PORTCCFG.6 Bit, determines the function of PC6, as shown
in Table 15-6.
Table 15-6. Port C Bit 6
PORTCCFG.6=0

Port pin PC6

Page 15-28

PORTC Bit 6
PORTCCFG.6=1
PORTCCF2.6=0
PORTCCF2.6=1
IFCONFIG[1..0]=10 00, 01, 11 not valid
WR#
CTL4
X

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

Bit 5:

CTL3

Select CTL3 on PC5 pin

This bit, in conjunction with the PORTCCFG.5 Bit, determines the function of PC5, as shown in
Table 15-7.
Table 15-7. Port C Bit 5
PORTCCFG.5=0

Port pin PC5

Bit 4:

CTL1

PORTC Bit 5
PORTCCFG.5=1
PORTCCF2.5=0
PORTCCF2.5=1
IFCONFIG[1..0]=10 00, 01, 11 not valid
T1
CTL3
X

Select CTL1 on PC4 pin

This bit, in conjunction with the PORTCCFG.4 Bit, determines the function of PC4, as shown in
Table 15-8.
Table 15-8. Port C Bit 4
PORTCCFG.4=0

Port pin PC4

Bit 3:

RDY3

PORTC Bit 4
PORTCCFG.4=1
PORTCCF2.4=0
PORTCCF2.4=1
IFCONFIG[1..0]=10 00, 01, 11 not valid
T0
CTL1
X

Select RDY3 on PC3 pin

This bit, in conjunction with the PORTCCFG.3 Bit, determines the function of PC3, as shown in
Table 15-9.
Table 15-9. Port C Bit 3
PORTCCFG.3=0

Port pin PC3

Chapter 15. EZ-USB FX Registers

PORTC Bit 3
PORTCCFG.3=1
PORTCCF2.3=0
PORTCCF2.3=1
IFCONFIG[1..0]=10 00, 01, 11 not valid
INT1
RDY3
X

Page 15-29

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Bit 2:

Reserved

Reads as 0

Bit 1:

RDY1

Select RDY1 on PC1 pin

This bit, in conjunction with the PORTCCFG.1 Bit, determines the function of PC1, as shown
in Table 15-10.
Table 15-10. Port C Bit 1
PORTCCFG.1=0

Port pin PC1

Bit 0:

CTL5

PORTC Bit 1
PORTCCFG.1=1
PORTCCF2.1=0
PORTCCF2.1=1
IFCONFIG[1..0]=10 00, 01, 11 not valid
TxD0
RDY1
X

Select CTL5 on PC0 pin

This bit, in conjunction with the PORTCCFG.0 Bit, determines the function of PC0, as shown
in Table 15-11.
Table 15-11. Port C Bit 0
PORTCCFG.0=0

Port pin PC0

Page 15-30

PORTC Bit 0
PORTCCFG.0=1
PORTCCF2.0=0
PORTCCF2.0=1
IFCONFIG[1..0]=10 00, 01, 11 not valid
RxD0
RDY0
X

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

15.24 DMA Registers

For more information on these DMA registers, see Section 11.2, "DMA Register Descriptions".

15.24.1 Source, Destination, Transfer Length Address Registers

DMASRCH

DMA Source Address (H)

784F

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

A15

A14

A13

A12

A11

A10

A9

A8

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-55. Upper Byte of the DMA Source Address

DMASRCL

DMA Source Address (L)

7850

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

A7

A6

A5

A4

A3

A2

A1

A0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-56. Lower Byte of the DMA Source Address

DMADESTH

DMA Destination Address (H)

7851

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

A15

A14

A13

A12

A11

A10

A9

A8

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-57. Upper Byte of the DMA Destination Address

Chapter 15. EZ-USB FX Registers

Page 15-31

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

DMADESTL

DMA Destination Address (L)

7852

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

A7

A6

A5

A4

A3

A2

A1

A0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-58. Lower Byte of the DMA Destination Address

DMALEN

DMA Transfer Length

7854

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

D7

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-59. DMA Transfer Length (0=256 Bytes, 1=1 Byte, ... 255=255 Bytes)

15.24.2 DMA Start and Status Register

For further information on DMA Registers, see Section 11.2, "DMA Register Descriptions".

DMAGO

DMA Start and Status

7855

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

DONE

R/W

Figure 15-60. DMA Start and Status Register

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

15.24.3 DMA Synchronous Burst Enables Register

DMABURST

Synchronous Burst Enables

7857

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

DSTR2

DSTR1

DSTR0

BR

BW

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-61. Synchronous Burst Enables

15.24.4 Select 8051 A/D busses as External FIFO

DMAEXTFIFO

Use A/D Buses as External FIFO

7858

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

Figure 15-62. Dummy Register

Chapter 15. EZ-USB FX Registers

Page 15-33

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

15.25 Slave FIFO Interrupt (INT4)

The EZ-USB FX slave FIFOs contain various flags to alert the 8051 when a FIFO needs attention.
These flags are encoded into the INT4 Autovector, which the 8051 can read in the INT4IVEC Register. The encoded values for each INT4 source are shown in Table 12-4. For more information
including bit descriptions, see Section 12.15, "Slave FIFO Interrupt (INT4)".

15.25.1 Interrupt 4 Autovector

INT4IVEC

Interrupt 4 Autovector

785D

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

I4V3

I4V2

I4V1

I4V0

Figure 15-63. Interrupt 4 Autovector

15.25.2 Interrupt 4 Autovector

INT4SETUP

Interrupt 4 Setup

785E

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

INT4FC

INTRNL

AV4EN

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-64. Interrupt 4 Setup

Page 15-34

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

15.26 Waveform Descriptors

WFDESC

Waveform Descriptors

7900

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

Figure 15-65. Waveform Descriptors

For detailed information, see Section 8.1, "What is GPIF?".

15.27 Bulk Data Buffers

INnBUF,OUTnBUF

Endpoint 0-7 IN/OUT Data Buffers

7B40-7F3F*

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

D7

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

See Table 15-12 for individual endpoint buffer addresses.

Figure 15-66. Bulk Data Buffers

Chapter 15. EZ-USB FX Registers

Page 15-35

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Table 15-12. Bulk Endpoint Buffer Memory Addresses

Address

Address

Name

Size

1F00-1F3F

7F00-7F3F

IN0BUF

64

1EC0-1EFF

7EC0-7EFF

OUT0BUF

64

1E80-1EBF

7E80-7EBF

IN1BUF

64

1E40-1E7F

7E40-7E7F

OUT1BUF

64

1E00-1E3F

7E00-7E3F

IN2BUF

64

1DC0-1DFF

7DC0-7DFF

OUT2BUF

64

1D80-1DBF

7D80-7DBF

IN3BUF

64

1D40-1D7F

7D40-7D7F

OUT3BUF

64

1D00-1D3F

7D00-7D3F

IN4BUF

64

1CC0-1CFF

7CC0-7CFF

OUT4BUF

64

1C80-1CBF

7C80-7CBF

IN5BUF

64

1C40-1C7F

7C40-7C7F

OUT5BUF

64

1C00-1C3F

7C00-7C3F

IN6BUF

64

1BC0-1BFF

7BC0-7BFF

OUT6BUF

64

1B80-1BBF

7B80-7BBF

IN7BUF

64

1B40-1B7F

7B40-7B7F

OUT7BUF

64

Sixteen 64-byte bulk data buffers appear at 0x1B40 and 0x7B40 in the 8K version of EZ-USB FX.
The endpoints are ordered to permit the reuse of the buffer space as contiguous RAM when the
higher numbered endpoints are not used. These registers default to unknown states.

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

15.28 Isochronous Data FIFOs

OUTnDATA

EP8OUT-EP15OUT FIFO Registers

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

D7

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

INnDATA

7F60-7F67*

EP8IN-EP15IN FIFO Registers

7F68-7F6F*

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

D7

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

See Table 15-13 for individual endpoint buffer addresses.

Figure 15-67. Isochronous Data FIFOs

Chapter 15. EZ-USB FX Registers

Page 15-37

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Table 15-13. Isochronous Endpoint FIFO Register Addresses

Address

Isochronous Data

Name

7F60

Endpoint 8 OUT Data

OUT8DATA

7F61

Endpoint 9 OUT Data

OUT9DATA

7F62

Endpoint 10 OUT Data

OUT10DATA

7F63

Endpoint 11 OUT Data

OUT11DATA

7F64

Endpoint 12 OUT Data

OUT12DATA

7F65

Endpoint 13 OUT Data

OUT13DATA

7F66

Endpoint 14 OUT Data

OUT14DATA

7F67

Endpoint 15 OUT Data

OUT15DATA

7F68

Endpoint 8 IN Data

IN8DATA

7F69

Endpoint 9 IN Data

IN9DATA

7F6A

Endpoint 10 IN Data

IN10DATA

7F6B

Endpoint 11 IN Data

IN11DATA

7F6C

Endpoint 12 IN Data

IN12DATA

7F6D

Endpoint 13 IN Data

IN13DATA

7F6E

Endpoint 14 IN Data

IN14DATA

7F6F

Endpoint 15 IN Data

IN15DATA

Sixteen addressable data registers hold data from the eight isochronous IN endpoints and the
eight isochronous OUT endpoints. Reading a data register reads a FIFO byte (USB OUT data);
writing a Data Register loads a FIFO byte (USB IN data).

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

15.29 Isochronous Byte Counts

OUTnBCH

OUT(8-15) Byte Count High

7F70-7F7F*

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

BC9

BC8

INnBCL

OUT(8-15) Byte Count Low

7F70-7F7F*

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

BC7

BC6

BC5

BC4

BC3

BC2

BC1

BC0

See Table 15-14 for individual endpoint buffer addresses.

Figure 15-68. Isochronous Byte Counts

Chapter 15. EZ-USB FX Registers

Page 15-39

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Table 15-14. Isochronous Endpoint Byte Count Register Addresses

Address

Isochronous Data

Name

7F70

Endpoint 8 Byte Count High

OUT8BCH

7F71

Endpoint 8 Byte Count Low

OUT8BCL

7F72

Endpoint 9 Byte Count High

OUT9BCH

7F73

Endpoint 9 Byte Count Low

OUT9BCL

7F74

Endpoint 10 Byte Count High

OUT10BCH

7F75

Endpoint 10 Byte Count Low

OUT10BCL

7F76

Endpoint 11 Byte Count High

OUT11BCH

7F77

Endpoint 11 Byte Count Low

OUT11BCL

7F78

Endpoint 12 Byte Count High

OUT12BCH

7F79

Endpoint 12 Byte Count Low

OUT12BCL

7F7A

Endpoint 13 Byte Count High

OUT13BCH

7F7B

Endpoint 13 Byte Count Low

OUT13BCL

7F7C

Endpoint 14 Byte Count High

OUT14BCH

7F7D

Endpoint 14 Byte Count Low

OUT14BCL

7F7E

Endpoint 15 Byte Count High

OUT15BCH

7F7F

Endpoint 15 Byte Count Low

OUT15BCL

The USB core uses the byte count registers to report isochronous data payload sizes for OUT
data transferred from the host to the USB core. Ten bits of byte count data allow payload size up to
1,023 bytes. A byte count of zero is valid, meaning that the host sent no isochronous data during
the previous frame. The default values of these registers are unknown.
Byte counts are valid only for OUT endpoints. The byte counts indicate the number of bytes
remaining in the endpoints OUT FIFO. Every time the 8051 reads a byte from the ISODATA Register, the byte count decrements by one.
To read USB OUT data, the 8051 first reads byte count registers OUTnBCL and OUTnBCH to
determine how many bytes to transfer out of the OUT FIFO. (The 8051 can also quickly test ISO
output endpoints for zero byte counts using the ZBCOUT Register.) Then, the CPU reads that
number of bytes from the ISODATA Register. Separate byte counts are maintained for each endpoint, so the CPU can read the FIFOs in a discontinuous manner. For example, if EP8 indicates a
byte count of 100, and EP9 indicates a byte count of 50, the CPU could read 50 bytes from EP8,
then read 10 bytes from EP9, and resume reading EP8.
There are no byte count registers for the IN endpoints. The USB core automatically tracks the
number of bytes loaded by the 8051.
If the 8051 does not load an IN isochronous endpoint FIFO during a 1-ms frame, and the host
requests data from that endpoint during the next frame (IN token), the USB core responds according to the setting of the ISOSEND0 Bit (USBPAIR.7). If ISOSEND0=1, the core returns a zero-

Page 15-40

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

length data packet in response to the host IN token. If ISOSEND=0, the core does not respond to
the IN token.
It is the responsibility of the 8051 programmer to ensure that the number of bytes written to the IN
FIFO does not exceed the maximum packet size as reported during enumeration.

15.30 CPU Registers

CPUCS

CPU Control and Status

7F92

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

RV3

RV2

RV1

RV0

24/48

CLKINV

CLKOE

8051RES

R/W

RV3

RV2

RV1

RV0

Figure 15-69. CPU Control and Status Register

This register enables the CLKOE output and permits the host to reset the 8051 using a firmware
download.

Bit 7-4:

RV[3..0]

Silicon Revision

These register bits define the silicon revision. Consult individual Cypress Semiconductor data
sheets for values.

Bit 3:

24/48

8051 Clock Frequency

This read-only bit indicates that the 8051 clock rate is 24 or 48 MHz. This bit is set at power-on
according to a bit in the EEPROM connected to the EZ-USB FX I 2C-compatible bus. If no
EEPROM is connected, the EZ-USB FX defaults to a 24-MHz 8051 clock. Once running (after
boot), the 8051 cannot change the clock rate.

Bit 2:

CLKINV

Invert the CLKOUT signal

This read-only bit indicates that the CLKOUT signal is inverted. This bit is set at power-on
according to a bit in the EEPROM connected to the EZ-USB FX I 2C-compatible bus. If no
EEPROM is connected, the EZ-USB FX defaults to a non-inverted 24-MHz 8051 clock.
When CLKINV=0, the clock has the polarity shown in all the timing diagrams in this manual.
When CLKINV=1, the clock is inverted.

Chapter 15. EZ-USB FX Registers

Page 15-41

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Bit 1:

CLKOE

CLKOUT pin output enable

The CLKOUT signal may be disabled by floating the CLKOUT pin. The 8051 does this by
clearing CLKOE. This is a good idea if the CLKOUT pin is not used since it reduces EMI.

Bit 0:

8051RES

8051 reset

The USB host writes 1 to this bit to reset the 8051, and 0 to run the 8051. Only the USB
host can write this bit.

15.31 Port Configuration

PORTACFG

I/O Port A Configuration

7F93

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

RxD1OUT

RxD0OUT

FRD

FWR

CS

OE

T1OUT

T0OUT

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

PORTBCFG

I/O Port B Configuration

7F94

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

T2OUT

INT6

INT5

INT4

TXD1

RXD1

T2EX

T2

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

PORTCCFG

I/O Port C Configuration

7F95

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

RD

WR

T1

T0

INT1

INT0

TXD0

RXD0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-70. I/O Port Configuration Registers

These three registers select between I/O ports and various alternate functions for I/O ports
PORTA, PORTB, and PORTC. They are read/write by the 8051.
When PORTnCFG=0, the port pin functions as I/O, using the OUT, PINS, and OE control bits.
Data written to an OUTn Registers appears on an I/O Port pin if the corresponding output enable
bit (OEn) is HI.

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When PORTnCFG=1, the pin assumes the alternate function shown in Table 15-15 on the following page.
For more information, see Section 4.3, "Input/Output Port Registers".

These registers are used in conjunction with the IFCONFIG PORTACF2 Registers to define the pin
functions.
Table 15-15. I/O Pin Alternate Functions
I/O

Name

Alternate Functions

PA0

T0OUT

Timer 0 Output

PA1

T1OUT

Timer 1 Output

PA2

OE#

External Memory Output Enable

PA3

CS#

External Memory Chip Select

PA4

FWR#

Fast Access Write Strobe

PA5

FRD#

Fast Access Read Strobe

PA6

RXD0OUT

Mode 0: UART0 Synchronous Data Output

PA7

RXD1OUT

Mode 0: UART1 Synchronous Data Output

PB0

T2

Timer/Counter 2 Clock Input

PB1

T2EX

Timer/Counter 2 Capture/Reload Input

PB2

RxD1

Serial Port 1 Input

PB3

TxD1

Mode 0: Clock Output

Modes 1-3: Serial Port 1 Data Output

PB4

INT4

INT4 Interrupt Request

PB5

INT5#

INT5 Interrupt Request

PB6

INT6

INT6 Interrupt Request

PB7

T2OUT

Timer/Counter 2 Overflow Indication

PC0

RxD0

Serial Port 0 Input

PC1

TxD0

Mode 0: Clock Output

Modes 1-3: Serial Port 0 Data Output

PC2

INT0#

INT0 Interrupt Request

PC3

INT1#

INT1 Interrupt Request

PC4

T0

Timer/Counter 0 External Input

PC5

T1

Timer/Counter 1 External Input

PC6

WR#

External Memory Write Strobe

PC7

RD#

External Memory Read Strobe

Chapter 15. EZ-USB FX Registers

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

15.32 Input/Output Port Registers A - C

For more information, see Section 4.3. "Input/Output Port Registers."

15.32.1 Outputs
The OUTn Registers provide the data that drives the port pin when OE=1 and the pin is configured
for port output. If the port pin is selected as an input (OE=0), the value stored in the corresponding
OUTn Bit is stored in an output latch but not used.

OUTA

Port A Outputs

7F96

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

OUTA7

OUTA6

OUTA5

OUTA4

OUTA3

OUTA2

OUTA1

OUTA0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-71. Port A Outputs

OUTB

Port B Outputs

7F97

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

OUTB7

OUTB6

OUTB5

OUTB4

OUTB3

OUTB2

OUTB1

OUTB0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-72. Port B Outputs

OUTC

Port C Outputs

7F98

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

OUTC7

OUTC6

OUTC5

OUTC4

OUTC3

OUTC2

OUTC1

OUTC0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-73. Port C Outputs

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15.32.2 Pins
The PINSn Registers contain the current value of the port pins, whether they are selected as I/O
ports or as alternate functions.

PINSA

Port A Pins

7F99

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

PINA7

PINA6

PINA5

PINA4

PINA3

PINA2

PINA1

PINA0

Figure 15-74. Port A Pins

PINSB

Port B Pins

7F9A

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

PINB7

PINB6

PINB5

PINB4

PINB3

PINB2

PINB1

PINB0

Figure 15-75. Port B Pins

OUTC

Port C Pins

7F98

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

PINC7

PINC6

PINC5

PINC4

PINC3

PINC2

PINC1

PINC0

Figure 15-76. Port C Pins

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

15.32.3 Output Enables

The OE Registers control the output enables on the tri-state drivers connected to the port pins.
When these bits are 1, the port is an output, unless the corresponding PORTnCFG Bit is set to a
1.

OEA

Port A Output Enable

7F9C

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

OEA7

OEA6

OEA5

OEA4

OEA3

OEA2

OEA1

OEA0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-77. Port A Output Enable

OEB

Port B Output Enable

7F9D

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

OEB7

OEB6

OEB5

OEB4

OEB3

OEB2

OEB1

OEB0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-78. Port B Output Enable

OEC

Port C Output Enable

7F9E

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

OEC7

OEC6

OEC5

OEC4

OEC3

OEC2

OEC1

OEC0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-79. Port C Output Enable

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15.33 Isochronous Control/Status Registers

ISOERR

Isochronous OUT EP Error

7FA0

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

ISO15ERR

ISO14ERR

ISO13ERR

ISO12ERR

ISO11ERR

ISO10ERR

ISO9ERR

ISO8ERR

Figure 15-80. Isochronous OUT Endpoint Error Register

The ISOERR bits are updated at every SOF. They indicate that a CRC error was received on a
data packet for the current frame. The ISOERR Bit status refers to the USB data received in the
previous frame, and which is currently in the endpoints OUT FIFO. If the ISOERR Bit = 1, indicating a bad CRC check, the data is still available in the OUTnDATA Register.

ISOCTL

Isochronous Control

7FA1

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

PPSTAT

MBZ

MBZ

ISODISAB

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-81. Isochronous Control Register

Bit 3:

PPSTAT

Ping-Pong Status

This bit indicates the isochronous buffer currently in use by the USB core. It is used only for
diagnostic purposes.

Bits 2,1:

MBZ

Must be zero

These bits must always be written with zeros.

Bit 0:

ISODISAB

ISO Endpoints Disable

ISODISAB=0 enables all 16 isochronous endpoints

ISODISAB=1 disables all 16 isochronous endpoints, making the 2,048 bytes of isochronous
FIFO memory available as 8051 data memory at 0x2000-0x27FF.

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

ZBCOUT

Zero Byte Count Bits

7FA2

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

EP15

EP14

EP13

EP12

EP11

EP10

EP9

EP8

Figure 15-82. Zero Byte Count Register

Bits 0-7:

EP(n)

Zero Byte Count for ISO OUT Endpoints

The 8051 can check these bits as a fast way to check all of the OUT isochronous endpoints at
once for no data received during the previous frame. A 1 in any bit position means that a
zero byte Isochronous OUT packet was received for the indicated endpoint.

15.34 I 2C-Compatible Registers

Read/write latency note: These registers need the equivalent of 2 instruction clock cycles of
time between performing the following instructions back-to-back: (1) write-write (2) write-read.

I2CS

7FA5

I 2C-Compatible Control and Status

Read/write latency applies

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

START

STOP

LASTRD

ID1

ID0

BERR

ACK

DONE

R/W

R/W

R/W

I2DAT

7FA6

I 2C-Compatible Data

Read/write latency applies

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

D7

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-83. I 2C-Compatible Transfer Registers

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The 8051 uses these registers to transfer data over the EZ-USB FX I 2C-compatible bus. For I 2Ccompatible peripherals that support it, the EZ-USB FX I 2C-compatible bus can run at 400 KHz. For
compatibility, the EZ-USB FX powers-up at the 100-KHz frequency.
In the EZ-USB FX family, an I 2C-compatible Interrupt Request occurs on INT3 whenever the
DONE Bit (I2CS.0) makes a zero-to-one transition. This interrupt signals the 8051 that the I 2Ccompatible controller is ready for another command. For more information on the I 2C-compatible
interrupt, see Section 12.14. "I2C-Compatible STOP Complete Interrupt."

Bit 7:

START

Signal START condition

The 8051 sets the START Bit to 1 to prepare an I 2C-compatible bus transfer. If START=1, the
next 8051 load to I2DAT will generate the start condition followed by the serialized byte of data
in I2DAT. The 8051 loads byte data into I2DAT after setting the START Bit. The I 2C-compatible
controller clears the START Bit during the ACK interval.

Bit 6:

STOP

Signal STOP condition

The 8051 sets STOP=1 to terminate an I 2C-compatible bus transfer. The I 2C-compatible controller clears the STOP Bit after completing the STOP condition. If the 8051 sets the STOP Bit
during a byte transfer, the STOP condition will be generated immediately following the ACK
phase of the byte transfer. If no byte transfer is occurring when the STOP Bit is set, the STOP
condition will be carried out immediately on the bus. Data should not be written to I2CS or
I2DAT until the STOP Bit returns low.

Bit 5:

LASTRD

Last Data Read

To read data over the I 2C-compatible bus, an I 2C-compatible master floats the SDA line and
issues clock pulses on the SCL line. After every eight bits, the master drives SDA low for one
clock to indicate ACK. To signal the last byte of the read transfer, the master floats SDA at
ACK time to instruct the slave to stop sending. This is controlled by the 8051 by setting LastRD=1 before reading the last byte of a read transfer. The I 2C-compatible controller clears the
LastRD Bit at the end of the transfer (at ACK time).

Setting LastRD does not automatically generate a STOP condition. The 8051 should also set the
STOP Bit at the end of a read transfer.

Bit 4-3:

ID1,ID0

Boot EEPROM ID

These bits are set by the boot loader to indicate whether an 8-bit address or 16-bit address
EEPROM at slave address 000 or 001 was detected at power-on. Normally, they are used for
debug purposes only.

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Bit 2:

BERR

Bus Error

This bit indicates an I 2C-compatible bus error. BERR=1 indicates that there was bus contention, which results when an outside device drives the bus LO when it shouldnt, or when
another bus master wins arbitration, taking control of the bus. BERR is cleared when 8051
reads or writes the IDATA Register.

Bit 1:

ACK

Acknowledge Bit

Every ninth SCL or a write transfer the slave indicates reception of the byte by asserting ACK.
The EZ-USB FX controller floats SDA during this time, samples the SDA line, and updates the
ACK Bit with the complement of the detected value. ACK=1 indicates acknowledge, and
ACK=0 indicates not-acknowledge. The USB core updates the ACK Bit at the same time it
sets DONE=1. The ACK Bit should be ignored for read transfers on the bus.

Bit 0:

I 2C-CompatibleTransfer DONE

DONE

The I 2C-compatible controller sets this bit whenever it completes a byte transfer, right after the
ACK stage. The controller also generates an I 2C-compatible Interrupt Request (8051 INT3)
when it sets the DONE Bit. The I 2C-compatible controller automatically clears the DONE Bit
and the I 2C-compatible Interrupt Request bit whenever the 8051 reads or writes the I2DAT
Register.

I2CMODE

7FA7

I 2C-Compatible Mode

Read/write latency applies

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

STOPIE

400KHZ

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-84. I 2C-Compatible Mode Register

Bit 1:

STOPIE

I2C-compatible Stop Bit Interrupt Enable

The I 2C-compatible STOP Bit Interrupt Request is activated when the STOP Bit makes a 1-0
transition. To enable this interrupt, set the STOPIE Bit in the I2CMODE Register. The 8051
determines the interrupt source by checking the DONE and STOP bits in the I2CS Register.

Bit 0:

400KHZ

I2C-compatible Speed

If this bit is set to 1, the I 2C-compatible bus operates at 400KHZ. If set to 0, the I 2C-compatible bus operates at 100KHZ. This bit can be set by an external EEPROM on power-up and
can be changed subsequently by the 8051.

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15.35 Interrupts
Read/write

latency note: These registers need the equivalent of 2 instruction clock cycles of
time between performing the following instructions back-to-back: (1) write-write (2) write-read.

IVEC

Interrupt Vector

7FA8

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

IV4

IV3

IV2

IV1

IV0

Figure 15-85. Interrupt Vector Register

IVEC indicates the source of an interrupt from the USB Core. When the USB core generates an
INT2 (USB) Interrupt Request, it updates IVEC to indicate the source of the interrupt. The interrupt
sources are encoded on IV[4..0] as shown in Figure 12-1.

IN07IRQ

Endpoint 0-7 IN Interrupt Request

7FA9
Read/write latency applies

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

IN7IR

IN6IR

IN5IR

IN4IR

IN3IR

IN2IR

IN1IR

IN0IR

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

OUT07IRQ

Endpoint 0-7 OUT Interrupt Requests

7FAA
Read/write latency applies

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

OUT7IR

OUT6IR

OUT5IR

OUT4IR

OUT3IR

OUT2IR

OUT1IR

OUT0IR

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-86. IN/OUT Interrupt Request (IRQ) Registers

These interrupt request (IRQ) registers indicate the pending interrupts for each bulk endpoint. An
interrupt request (IR) Bit becomes active when the BSY Bit for an endpoint makes a transition from
one to zero (when the endpoint becomes un-busy, giving access to the 8051). The IR bits function

Chapter 15. EZ-USB FX Registers

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

independently of the Interrupt Enable (IE) bits, so interrupt requests are held whether or not the
interrupts are enabled.
The 8051 clears an interrupt request bit by writing a 1 to it. (See the following Note).

Do not clear an IRQ Bit by reading an IRQ Register, ORing its contents with a bit mask, and writing back the IRQ Register. This will clear ALL pending interrupts. Instead, simply write the bit mask
value (with a 1 in the bit position of the IRQ you want to clear) directly to the IRQ Register.

USBIRQ

USB Interrupt Request

7FAB
Read/write latency applies

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

IBNIR

USESIR

SUSPIR

SUTOKIR

SOFIR

SUDAVIR

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-87. USB Interrupt Request (IRQ) Registers

USBIRQ indicates the interrupt request status of the USB reset, suspend, setup token, start of
frame, and setup data available interrupts.

Bit 5:

IBNIR

IN Bulk NAK Interrupt Request

The USB core sets this bit when any of the IN bulk endpoints responds to an IN token with a
NAK. This interrupt occurs when the host sends an IN token to a bulk IN endpoint which has
not been armed by the 8051 writing its byte count register. Individual enables and requests
(per endpoint) are controlled by the IBNIRQ and IBNIEN Registers (7FB0, 7FB1). Write a 1
to this bit to clear the interrupt request.

Bit 4:

URESIR

USB Reset Interrupt Request

The USB core sets this bit to 1 when it detects a USB bus reset.
Because this bit can change state while the 8051 is in reset, it may be active when the 8051
comes out of reset, although it is reset to 0 by a power-on reset. Write a 1 to this bit to clear
the interrupt request. See Chapter 13. "EZ-USB FX Resets" for more information about this
bit.

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Bit 3:

SUSPIR

USB Suspend Interrupt Request

The USB core sets this bit to 1 when it detects USB SUSPEND signaling (no bus activity for
3 ms). Write a 1 to this bit to clear the interrupt request.
Because this bit can change state while the 8051 is in reset, it may be active when the 8051
comes out of reset, although it is reset to 0 by a power-on reset. See Chapter 14. "EZ-USB
FX Power Management" for more information about this bit.

Bit 2:

SUTOKIR

SETUP Token Interrupt Request

The USB core sets this bit to 1 when it receives a SETUP token. Write a 1 to this bit to clear
the interrupt request. See Chapter 9. "EZ-USB FX Endpoint Zero" for more information on the
handling of SETUP tokens.
Because this bit can change state while the 8051 is in reset, it may be active when the 8051
comes out of reset, although it is reset to 0 by a power-on reset.

Bit 1:

SOFIR

Start of frame Interrupt Request

The USB core sets this bit to 1 when it receives a SOF packet. Write a 1 to this bit to clear
the interrupt request.
Because this bit can change state while the 8051 is in reset, it may be active when the 8051
comes out of reset, although it is reset to 0 by a power-on reset.

Bit 0:

SUDAVIR

SETUP data available Interrupt Request

The USB core sets this bit to 1 when it has transferred the eight data bytes from an endpoint
zero SETUP packet into internal registers (at SETUPDAT). Write a 1 to this bit to clear the
interrupt request.
Because this bit can change state while the 8051 is in reset, it may be active when the 8051
comes out of reset, although it is reset to 0 by a power-on reset.

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

IN07EN

Endpoint 0-7 IN Interrupt Enables

7FAC
Read/write latency applies

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

IN7IEN

IN6IEN

IN5IEN

IN4IEN

IN3IEN

IN2IEN

IN1IEN

IN0IEN

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

OUT07IEN

Endpoint 0-7 OUT Interrupt Enables

7FAD
Read/write latency applies

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

OUT7IEN

OUT6IEN

OUT5IEN

OUT4IEN

OUT3IEN

OUT2IEN

OUT1IEN

OUT0IEN

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-88. IN/OUT Interrupt Enable Registers

The Endpoint Interrupt Enable individually enable the BULK endpoint interrupts. They do not affect
the endpoint action, only the generation of an interrupt in response to endpoint events.
When the IEN Bit for an endpoint is 0, the interrupt request bit for that endpoint is ignored, but
saved. When the IEN Bit for an endpoint is 1, any IRQ Bit equal to 1 generates an 8051 INT2
Request.

The INT2 interrupt (EIE.0) and the 8051 global interrupt enable (EA) must be enabled for the endpoint interrupts to propagate to the 8051. Once the INT2 interrupt is active, it must be cleared by
software.
USBIEN

USB Interrupt Enable

7FAE
Read/write latency applies

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

IBNIE*

URESIE

SUSPIE

SUTOKIE

SOFIE

SUDAVIE

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-89. USB Interrupt Enable Register

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USBIEN bits gate the interrupt request to the 8051 for USB reset, suspend, SETUP token, start of
frame, and SETUP data available.

Bit 5:

IBNIE

IN bulk NAK Interrupt Enable

The 8051 sets this bit to enable the IN-bulk-NAK interrupt. This interrupt occurs when the host
sends an IN token to a bulk IN endpoint which has not been armed by the 8051 writing its byte
count register. Individual enables and requests (per endpoint) are controlled by the IBNIRQ
and IBNIEN Registers (7FB0, 7FB1).

Bit 4:

URESIE

USB Reset Interrupt Enable

This bit is the interrupt mask for the URESIR Bit. When this bit is 1, the interrupt is enabled,
when it is 0, the interrupt is disabled.

Bit 3:

SUSPIE

USB Suspend Interrupt Enable

This bit is the interrupt mask for the SUSPIR Bit. When this bit is 1, the interrupt is enabled,
when it is 0, the interrupt is disabled.

Bit 2:

SUTOKIE

SETUP Token Interrupt Enable

This bit is the interrupt mask for the SUTOKIR Bit. When this bit is 1, the interrupt is enabled,
when it is 0, the interrupt is disabled.

Bit 1:

SOFIE

Start of frame Interrupt Enable

This bit is the interrupt mask for the SOFIE Bit. When this bit is 1, the interrupt is enabled,
when it is 0, the interrupt is disabled.

Bit 0:

SUDAVIE

SETUP data available Interrupt Enable

This bit is the interrupt mask for the SUDAVIE Bit. When this bit is 1, the interrupt is enabled,
when it is 0, the interrupt is disabled.

USBBAV

Breakpoint and Autovector

7FAF

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

INT2SFC

BREAK

BPPULSE

BPEN

AVEN

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-90. Breakpoint and Autovector Register

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Bit 4:

INT2SFC

Interrupt 2 cleared by SFR

If INT2SFC=1, the IRQ2 flag can be quickly cleared by writing any value to the INT2CLR SFR
(see Section 4.12, "SFR Addressing").

Bit 3:

BREAK

Breakpoint enable

The BREAK Bit is set when the 8051 address bus matches the address held in the bit breakpoint address registers (7FB2, 7FB3). The BKPT pin reflects the state of this bit. The 8051
writes a 1 to the BREAK Bit to clear it. It is not necessary to clear the BREAK Bit if the pulse
mode bit (BPPULSE) is set.

Bit 2:

BPPULSE

Breakpoint pulse mode

The 8051 sets this bit to 1 to pulse the BREAK Bit (and BKPT pin) high for 8 CLKOUT cycles
when the 8051 address bus matches the address held in the breakpoint address registers.
When this bit is set to 0, the BREAK Bit (and BKPT pin) remains high until it is cleared by the
8051.

Bit 1:

BPEN

Breakpoint enable

If this bit is 1, a BREAK signal is generated whenever the 16-bit address lines match the
value in the Breakpoint Address Registers (BPADDRH/L). The behavior of the BREAK Bit and
associated BKPT pin signal is either latched or pulsed, depending on the state of the
BPPULSE Bit.

Bit 0:

AVEN

Auto-vector enable

If this bit is 1, the EZ-USB FX Auto-vector feature is enabled for USB (INT2) interrupts. If it is
0, the auto-vector feature is disabled. See Chapter 12. "EZ-USB FX Interrupts" for more information on the auto-vector feature. Note: a separate bit, AV4EN in the INT4SETUP (785E)
enables the INT4 autovector.

IBNIRQ

IN Bulk NAK Interrupt Requests

7FB0
Read/write latency applies

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

EP6IR

EP5IR

EP4IR

EP3IR

EP2IR

EP1IR

EP0IR

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-91. IN Bulk NAK Interrupt Request Register

These bits are set when a bulk IN endpoint (0-6) received an IN token while the endpoint was not
armed for data transfer. In this case the SIE automatically sends a NAK response, and sets the
corresponding IBNIRQ Bit. If the IBN interrupt is enabled (USBIEN.5=1), and the endpoint interrupt is enabled in the IBNIEN Register, an interrupt is request generated. The 8051 can test the

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IBNIRQ Register to determine which of the endpoints caused the interrupt. The 8051 clears an
IBNIRQ Bit by writing a 1 to it.

IBNIEN

IN Bulk NAK Interrupt Enables

7FB1
Read/write latency applies

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

EP6IE

EP5IE

EP4IE

EP3IE

EP2IE

EP1IE

EP0IE

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-92. IN Bulk NAK Interrupt Enable Register

Each of the individual IN endpoints may be enabled for an IBN interrupt using the IBNEN Register.
The 8051 sets an interrupt enable bit to 1 to enable the corresponding interrupt.

BPADDRH

Breakpoint Address High

7FB2

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

A15

A14

A13

A12

A11

A10

A9

A8

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

BPADDRL

Breakpoint Address Low

7FB3

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

A7

A6

A5

A4

A3

A2

A1

A0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-93. IN/OUT Interrupt Enable Registers

When the current 16-bit address (code or XDATA) matches the BPADDRH/BPADDRL address, a
breakpoint event occurs. The BPPULSE and BPEN bits in the USBBAV Register control the action
taken on a breakpoint event.
If the BPEN Bit is 0, address breakpoints are ignored. If BPEN is 1 and BPPULSE is 1, an 8
CLKOUT wide pulse appears on the BKPT pin. If BPEN is 1 and BPPULSE is 0, the BKPT pin
remains active until the 8051 clears the BREAK Bit by writing 1 to it.

Chapter 15. EZ-USB FX Registers

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

15.36 Endpoint 0 Control and Status Registers

Read/write

latency note: These registers need the equivalent of 2 instruction clock cycles of
time between performing the following instructions back-to-back: (1) write-write (2) write-read.

EP0CS

Endpoint Zero Control and Status

7FB4
Read/write latency applies

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

OUTBSY

INBSY

HSNAK

EP0STALL

R/W

R/W

IN0BC

Endpoint Zero IN Byte Count

7FB5
Read/write latency applies

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

BC6

BC5

BC4

BC3

BC2

BC1

BC0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

OUT0BC

Endpoint Zero OUT Byte Count

7FC5
Read/write latency applies

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

BC6

BC5

BC4

BC3

BC2

BC1

BC0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-94. Port Configuration Registers

These registers control EZ-USB FX CONTROL endpoint zero. Because endpoint zero is a bidirectional endpoint, the IN and OUT functionality is controlled by a single control and status (CS)
register, unlike endpoints 1-7, which have separate INCS and OUTCS Registers.

Bit 3:

OUTBSY

OUT Endpoint Busy

OUTBSY is a read-only bit that is automatically cleared when a SETUP token arrives. The
8051 sets the OUTBSY Bit by writing a byte count to EPOUTBC.

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If the CONTROL transfer uses an OUT data phase, the 8051 must load a dummy byte count
into OUT0BC to arm the OUT endpoint buffer. Until it does, the USB core will NAK the OUT
tokens.

Bit 2:

INBSY

IN Endpoint Busy

INBSY is a read-only bit that is automatically cleared when a SETUP token arrives. The 8051
sets the INBSY Bit by writing a byte count to IN0BC.
If the CONTROL transfer uses an IN data phase, the 8051 loads the requested data into the
IN0BUF buffer, and then loads the byte count into IN0BC to arm the data phase of the CONTROL transfer. Alternatively, the 8051 can arm the data transfer by loading an address into
the Setup Data Pointer Registers SUDPTRH/L. Until armed, the USB core will NAK the IN
tokens.

Bit 1:

HSNAK

Handshake NAK

HSNAK (Handshake NAK) is a read/write bit that is automatically set when a SETUP token
arrives. The 8051 clears HSNAK by writing a 1 to the register bit.
While HSNAK=1, the USB core NAKs the handshake (status) phase of the CONTROL transfer. When HSNAK=0, it ACKs the handshake phase. The 8051 can clear HSNAK at any time
during a CONTROL transfer.

Bit 0:

EP0STALL

Endpoint Zero Stall

EP0STALL is a read/write bit that is automatically cleared when a SETUP token arrives. The
8051 sets EP0STALL by writing a 1 to the register bit.
While EP0STALL=1, the USB core sends the STALL PID for any IN or OUT token. This can
occur in either the data or handshake phase of the CONTROL transfer.

To indicate an endpoint stall on endpoint zero, set both EP0STALL and HSNAK bits. Setting the
EP0STALL Bit alone causes endpoint zero to NAK forever because the host keeps the control
transfer pending.

Chapter 15. EZ-USB FX Registers

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15.37 Endpoint 1-7 Control and Status Registers

Read/write

latency note: These registers need the equivalent of 2 instruction clock cycles of
time between performing the following instructions back-to-back: (1) write-write (2) write-read.

Endpoints 1-7 IN and OUT are used for bulk or interrupt data. Table 15-16 shows the addresses
for the control/status and byte count registers associated with these endpoints. The bi-directional
CONTROL endpoint zero registers are described in Section 15.36. "Endpoint 0 Control and Status
Registers."
Table 15-16. Control and Status Register Addresses for Endpoints 0-7
Address
7FB4
7FB5
7FB6
7FB7
7FB8
7FB9
7FBA
7FBB
7FBC
7FBD
7FBE
7FBF
7FC0
7FC1
7FC2
7FC3
7FC4
7FC5
7FC6
7FC7
7FC8
7FC9
7FCA
7FCB
7FCC
7FCD
7FCE
7FCF
7FD0
7FD1
7FD2
7FD3

Page 15-60

Function
Control and Status - Endpoint IN0
Byte Count - Endpoint IN0
Control and Status - Endpoint IN1
Byte Count - Endpoint IN1
Control and Status - Endpoint IN2
Byte Count - Endpoint IN2
Control and Status - Endpoint IN3
Byte Count - Endpoint IN3
Control and Status - Endpoint IN4
Byte Count - Endpoint IN4
Control and Status - Endpoint IN5
Byte Count - Endpoint IN5
Control and Status - Endpoint IN6
Byte Count - Endpoint IN6
Control and Status - Endpoint IN7
Byte Count - Endpoint IN7
Reserved
Byte Count - Endpoint OUT0
Control and Status - Endpoint OUT1
Byte Count - Endpoint OUT1
Control and Status - Endpoint OUT2
Byte Count - Endpoint OUT2
Control and Status - Endpoint OUT3
Byte Count - Endpoint OUT3
Control and Status - Endpoint OUT4
Byte Count - Endpoint OUT4
Control and Status - Endpoint OUT5
Byte Count - Endpoint OUT5
Control and Status - Endpoint OUT6
Byte Count - Endpoint OUT6
Control and Status - Endpoint OUT7
Byte Count - Endpoint OUT7

Name
EP0CS
IN0BC
IN1CS
IN1BC
IN2CS
IN2BC
IN3CS
IN3BC
IN4CS
IN4BC
IN5CS
IN5BC
IN6CS
IN6BC
IN7CS
IN7BC
OUT0BC
OUT1CS
OUT1BC
OUT2CS
OUT2BC
OU37CS
OUT3BC
OUT4CS
OUT4BC
OUT5CS
OUT5BC
OUT6CS
OUT6BC
OUT7CS
OUT7BC

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

INnCS

Endpoint (1-7) IN Control and Status

7FB6-7FC2*
Read/write latency applies

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

INnBSY

INnSTL

R/W

R/W

See Table 15-16 for individual control/status register addresses.

Figure 15-95. IN Control and Status Registers

Bit 1:

INnBSY

IN Endpoint (1-7) Busy

The BSY Bit indicates the status of the endpoints IN Buffer INnBUF. The USB core sets
BSY=0 when the endpoints IN buffer is empty and ready for loading by the 8051. The 8051
causes BSY=1 by loading the endpoints byte count register.
When BSY=1, the 8051 should not write data to an IN endpoint buffer, because the endpoint
FIFO could be in the act of transferring data to the host over the USB. BSY=0 when the USB
IN transfer is complete and endpoint RAM data is available for 8051 access. USB IN tokens
for the endpoint are NAKd while BSY=0 (the 8051 is still loading data into the endpoint buffer).
A 1-to-0 transition of BSY (indicating that the 8051 can access the buffer) generates an interrupt request for the IN endpoint. After the 8051 writes the data to be transferred to the IN endpoint buffer, it loads the endpoints byte count register with the number of bytes to transfer,
which automatically sets BSY=1. This enables the IN transfer of data to the host in response
to the next IN token. Again, the CPU should never load endpoint data while BSY=1.
The 8051 writes a 1 to an IN endpoint busy bit to disarm a previously armed endpoint. (This
sets BSY=0.) The 8051 program should do this only after a USB bus reset, or when the host
selects a new interface or alternate setting that uses the endpoint. This prevents stale data
from a previous setting from being accepted by the hosts first IN transfer that uses the new
setting.

Even though the register description shows bit 1 as R/W, the 8051 can only clear this bit by writing a 1 to it. The 8051 can not directly set this bit.
To disarm a paired IN endpoint, write a 1 to the busy bit for both endpoints in the pair.

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Bit 0:

INnSTL

IN Endpoint (1-7) Stall

The 8051 sets this bit to 1 to stall an endpoint, and to 0 to clear a stall.
When the stall bit is 1, the USB core returns a STALL Handshake for all requests to the endpoint. This notifies the host that something unexpected has happened.
The 8051 sets an endpoints stall bit under two circumstances:
1. The host sends a Set_FeatureEndpoint Stall Request to the specific endpoint.
2. The 8051 encounters any show stopper error on the endpoint, and sets the stall bit to tell
the host to halt traffic to the endpoint.
The 8051 clears an endpoints stall bit under two circumstances:
1. The host sends a Clear_FeatureEndpoint Stall Request to the specific endpoint.
2. The 8051 receives some other indication from the host that the stall should be cleared
(this is referred to as host intervention in the USB Specification). This indication could
be a USB bus reset.
All stall bits are automatically cleared when the EZ-USB FX chip ReNumerates by pulsing
the DISCON Bit HI.

INnBC

Endpoint (1-7) IN Byte Count

7FB7-7FC3*
Read/write latency applies

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

See Table 15-16 for individual byte count register addresses.

Figure 15-96. IN Byte Count Registers

The 8051 writes this register with the number of bytes it loaded into the IN endpoint buffer INnBUF. Writing this register also arms the endpoint by setting the endpoint BSY Bit to 1.
Legal values for these registers are 0-64. A zero transfer size is used to terminate a transfer
that is an integral multiple of MaxPacketSize. For example, a 256-byte transfer with maxPacketSize = 64, would require four packets of 64 bytes each plus one packet of 0 bytes.
The IN byte count should never be written while the endpoints BUSY Bit is set.
When the register pairing feature is used (Chapter 6. "EZ-USB FX Bulk Transfers") IN2BC is
used for the EP2/EP3 pair, IN4BC is used for the EP4/EP5 pair, and IN6BC is used for the
EP6/EP7 pair. In the paired (double-buffered) mode, after the first write to the even-numbered

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byte count register, the endpoint BSY Bit remains at 0, indicating that only one of the buffers is
full, and the other is still empty. The odd numbered byte count register is not used when endpoints are paired.

OUTnCS

Endpoint (1-7) OUT Control and Status

7FC6-7FD2*
Read/write latency applies

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

OUTnBSY

OUTnSTL

R/W

See Table 15-16 for individual control/status register addresses.

Figure 15-97. OUT Control and Status Registers

Bit 1:

OUTnBSY

OUT Endpoint (1-7) Busy

The BSY Bit indicates the status of the endpoints OUT Buffer OUTnBUF. The USB core sets
BSY=0 when the host data is available in the OUT buffer. The 8051 sets BSY=1 by loading
the endpoints byte count register.
When BSY=1, endpoint RAM data is invalid--the endpoint buffer has been emptied by the
8051 and is waiting for new OUT data from the host, or it is the process of being loaded over
the USB. BSY=0 when the USB OUT transfer is complete and endpoint RAM data in OUTnBUF is available for the 8051 to read. USB OUT tokens for the endpoint are NAKd while
BSY=1 (the 8051 is still reading data from the OUT endpoint).
A 1-to-0 transition of BSY (indicating that the 8051 can access the buffer) generates an interrupt request for the OUT endpoint. After the 8051 reads the data from the OUT endpoint
buffer, it loads the endpoints byte count register with any value to re-arm the endpoint, which
automatically sets BSY=1. This enables the OUT transfer of data from the host in response to
the next OUT token. The CPU should never read endpoint data while BSY=1.

Bit 0:

OUTnSTL

OUT Endpoint (1-7) Stall

The 8051 sets this bit to 1 to stall an endpoint, and to 0 to clear a stall.
When the stall bit is 1, the USB core returns a STALL Handshake for all requests to the endpoint. This notifies the host that something unexpected has happened.
The 8051 sets an endpoints stall bit under two circumstances:
1.The host sends a Set_FeatureEndpoint Stall Request to the specific endpoint.
2.The 8051 encounters any show stopper error on the endpoint, and sets the stall bit to tell the
host to halt traffic to the endpoint.

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

The 8051 clears an endpoints stall bit under two circumstances:
1.The host sends a Clear_FeatureEndpoint Stall Request to the specific endpoint.
2.The 8051 receives some other indication from the host that the stall should be cleared (this
is referred to as host intervention in the USB Specification).
All stall bits are automatically cleared when the EZ-USB FX chip ReNumerates.

OUTnBC

Endpoint (1-7) OUT Byte Count

7FC7-7FD3*
Read/write latency applies

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

R/W

See Table 15-16 for individual control/status register addresses.

Figure 15-98. OUT Byte Count Registers

The 8051 reads this register to determine the number of bytes sent to an OUT endpoint.
Legal sizes are 0 - 64 bytes.
Each EZ-USB FX bulk OUT endpoint has a byte count register, which serves two purposes.
The 8051 reads the byte count register to determine how many bytes were received during the
last OUT transfer from the host. The 8051 writes the byte count register (with any value) to tell
the USB core that it has finished reading bytes from the buffer, making the buffer available to
accept the next OUT transfer. Writing the byte count register sets the endpoints BSY Bit to
1.
When the register-pairing feature is used, OUT2BC is used for the EP2/EP3 pair, OUT4BC is
used for the EP4/EP5 pair, and OUT6BC is used for the EP6/EP7 pair. The odd-numbered
byte count registers should not be used. When the 8051 writes a byte to the even numbered
byte count register, the USB core switches buffers. If the other buffer already contains data to
be read by the 8051, the OUTnBSY Bit remains at 0.
All OUT tokens are NAKd until the 8051 is released from RESET, whereupon the ACK/NAK
behavior is based on pairing.

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15.38 Global USB Registers

Read/write

latency note: These registers need the equivalent of 2 instruction clock cycles of
time between performing the following instructions back-to-back: (1) write-write (2) write-read.

SUDPTRH

Setup Data Pointer High

7FD4
Read/write latency applies

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

A15

A14

A13

A12

A11

A10

A9

A8

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

SUDPTRL

Setup Data Pointer Low

7FD5
Read/write latency applies

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

A7

A6

A5

A4

A3

A2

A1

A0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-99. Setup Data Pointer High/Low Registers

When the EZ-USB FX chip receives a Get_Descriptor Request on endpoint zero, it can instruct
the USB core to handle the multi-packet IN transfer by loading these registers with the address of
an internal table containing the descriptor data. The descriptor data tables may be placed in internal program/data RAM or in unused Endpoint 0-7 RAM. The SUDPTR does not operate with
external memory. The SUDPTR Registers should be loaded in HIGH/LOW order.
In addition to loading SUDPTRL, the 8051 must also clear the HSNAK Bit in the EP0CS Register
(by writing a 1 to it) to complete the CONTROL transfer.

Any host request that uses the EZ-USB FX Setup Data Pointer to transfer IN data must indicate
the number of bytes to transfer in bytes 6 (wLenghthL) and 7 (wLengthH) of the SETUP packet.
These bytes are pre-assigned in the USB Specification to be length bytes in all standard device
requests such as Get_Descriptor. If vendor-specific requests are used to transfer large blocks of
data using the Setup Data Pointer, they must include this pre-defined length field in bytes 6-7 to tell
the USB core how many bytes to transfer using the Setup Data Pointer.

Chapter 15. EZ-USB FX Registers

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

The USB core transfers the lesser of (a) the bytes requested in the SETUP packet, and (b) the
bytes in the length field of the descriptor pointed to by the Setup Data Pointer.

USBCS

USB Control and Status

7FD6
Read/write latency applies

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

WAKESRC

DISCON

DISCOE

RENUM

SIGRSUME

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-100. USB Control and Status Registers

Bit 7:

WAKESRC

Wakeup source

This bit indicates that a high to low transaction was detected on the WAKEUP# pin. Writing a
1 to this bit resets it to 0.

Bit 3:

DISCON

Signal a Disconnect on the DISCON# pin

The EZ-USB FX DISCON# pin reflects the complement of this bit. This bit is normally set to 0.

Bit 2:

DISCOE

Disconnect Output Enable

DISCOE controls the output buffer on the DISCON# pin. When DISCOE=0, the pin floats, and
when DISCOE=1, it drives to the complement of the DISCON Bit (above).
DISCOE is used in conjunction with the RENUM Bit to perform ReNumeration, (Chapter 5.
"EZ-USB FX Enumeration & ReNumeration").

Bit 1:

RENUM

ReNumerate

This bit controls which entity, the USB core or the 8051, handles USB device requests. When
RENUM=0, the USB core handles all device requests. When RENUM=1, the 8051 handles all
device requests except Set_Address.
The 8051 sets RENUM=1 during a bus disconnect to transfer USB control to the 8051. The
USB core automatically sets RENUM=1 under two conditions:
1. Completion of a B6 boot load (Chapter 5. "EZ-USB FX Enumeration & ReNumeration".
2. When external memory is used (EA=1) and no boot I 2C-compatible EEPROM is used
(see Section 13.3.3, "External ROM").

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Bit 0:

SIGRSUME

Signal remote device resume

The 8051 sets SIGRSUME=1 to drive the K state onto the USB bus. This should be done
only by a device that is capable of remote wakeup, and then only during the SUSPEND state.
To signal RESUME, the 8051 sets SIGRSUME=1, waits 10-15 ms, then sets SIGRSUME=0.

TOGCTL

Data Toggle Control

7FD7
Read/write latency applies

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

IO

EP2

EP1

EP0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-101. Data Toggle Control Register

Bit 7:

Data Toggle Value

Q=0 indicates DATA0 and Q=1 indicates DATA1, for the endpoint selected by the I/O and
EP[2..0] bits. The 8051 writes the endpoint select bits (IO and EP[2..0]), before reading this
value.

Bit 6:

Set Data Toggle to DATA1

After selecting the desired endpoint by writing the endpoint select bits (IO and EP[2..0]) the
8051 sets S=1 to set the data toggle to DATA1. The endpoint selection bits should not be
changed while this bit is written.

At this writing there is no known reason to set an endpoint data toggle to 1. This bit is provided for
generality and testing only.

Bit 5:

Set Data Toggle to DATA0

After selecting the desired endpoint by writing the endpoint select bits (IO and EP[2..0]) the
8051 sets R=1 to set the data toggle to DATA0. The endpoint selection bits should not be
changed while this bit is written. For advice on when to reset the data toggle, see Chapter 9.
"EZ-USB FX Endpoint Zero".

Bit 4:

IO

Select IN or OUT endpoint

The 8051 sets this bit to select an endpoint direction prior to setting its R or S Bit. IO=0 selects
an OUT endpoint, IO=1 selects an IN endpoint.

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Bit 2-0:

EP

Select endpoint

The 8051 sets these bits to select an endpoint prior to setting its R or S Bit. Valid values are 07 to correspond to bulk endpoints IN0-IN7 and OUT0-OUT7.

USBFRAMEL

USB Frame Count Low

7FD8

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

FC7

FC6

FC5

FC4

FC3

FC2

FC1

FC0

USBFRAMEH

USB Frame Count High

7FD9

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

FC10

FC9

FC8

Figure 15-102. USB Frame Count High/Low Registers

Every millisecond the host sends a SOF token indicating Start Of Frame, along with an 11-bit
incrementing frame count. The EZ-USB FX copies the frame count into these registers at
every SOF. One use of the frame count is to respond to the USB SYNC_FRAME Request
(Chapter 9. "EZ-USB FX Endpoint Zero").
If the USB core detects a missing or garbled SOF, it generates an internal SOF and increments USBFRAMEL-USBRAMEH.

FNADDR

Function Address

7FDB

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

FA6

FA5

FA4

FA3

FA2

FA1

FA0

Figure 15-103. Function Address Register

During the USB enumeration process, the host sends a device a unique 7-bit address, which
the USB core copies into this register. There is normally no reason for the CPU to know its

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USB device address because the USB Core automatically responds only to its assigned
address.

During ReNumeration the USB Core sets register to 0 to allow the EZ-USB FX chip to respond
to the default address 0.

USBPAIR

USB Endpoint Pairing

7FDD
Read/write latency applies

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

ISOSEND0

PR6OUT

PR4OUT

PR2OUT

PR6IN

PR4IN

PR2IN

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-104. USB Endpoint Pairing Register

Bit 7:

ISOSEND0

Isochronous Send Zero Length Data Packet

The ISOSEND0 Bit is used when the EZ-USB FX chip receives an isochronous IN token while
the IN FIFO is empty. If ISOSEND0=0 (the default value), the USB core does not respond to
the IN token. If ISOSEND0=1, the USB core sends a zero-length data packet in response to
the IN token. Which action to take depends on the overall system design. The ISOSEND0 Bit
applies to all of the isochronous IN endpoints, IN8BUF through IN15BUF.

Bit 5-3:

PRnOUT

Pair Bulk OUT Endpoints

Set the endpoint pairing bits (PRxOUT) to 1 to enable double-buffering of the bulk OUT endpoint buffers. With double buffering enabled, the 8051 can operate on one buffer while
another is being transferred over USB. The endpoint busy and interrupt request bits function
identically, so the 8051 code requires no code modification to support double buffering.
When an endpoint is paired, the 8051 uses only the even-numbered endpoint of the pair. The
8051 should not use the paired odd endpoints IRQ, IEN, VALID bits or the buffer associated
with the odd numbered endpoint.

Bit 2-0:

PRnIN

Pair Bulk IN Endpoints

Set the endpoint pairing bits (PRxIN) to 1 to enable double-buffering of the bulk IN endpoint
buffers. With double buffering enabled, the 8051 can operate on one buffer while another is
being transferred over USB.
When an endpoint is paired, the 8051 should access only the even-numbered endpoint of the
pair. The 8051 should not use the IRQ, IEN, VALID bits or the buffer associated with the odd
numbered endpoint.

Chapter 15. EZ-USB FX Registers

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

IN07VAL

Endpoints 0-7 IN Valid Bits

7FDE
Read/write latency applies

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

IN7VAL

IN6VAL

IN5VAL

IN4VAL

IN3VAL

IN2VAL

IN1VAL

IN0VAL

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

OUT07VAL

Endpoints 0-7 OUT Valid Bits

7FDF
Read/write latency applies

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

OUT7VAL

OUT6VAL

OUT5VAL

OUT4VAL

OUT3VAL

OUT2VAL

OUT1VAL

OUT0VAL

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-105. IN/OUT Valid Bits Register

The 8051 sets VAL=1 for any active endpoints, and VAL=0 for inactive endpoints. These bits
instruct the USB core to return a no response if an invalid endpoint is addressed, instead of
a NAK.
The default values of these registers are set to support all endpoints that exist in the default
USB device (see Table 5-1).

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INISOVAL

Isochronous IN Endpoint Valid Bits

7FE0
Read/write latency applies

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

IN15VAL

IN14VAL

IN13VAL

IN12VAL

IN11VAL

IN10VAL

IN9VAL

IN8VAL

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

OUTISOVAL

Isochronous OUT Endpoint Valid Bits

7FE1
Read/write latency applies

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

OUT15VAL OUT14VAL OUT13VAL OUT12VAL OUT11VAL OUT10VAL

b1

b0

OUT9VAL

OUT8VAL

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-106. Isochronous IN/OUT Endpoint Valid Bits Register

The 8051 sets VAL=1 for active endpoints, and VAL=0 for inactive endpoints. These bits
instruct the USB core to return a no response if an invalid endpoint is addressed.
The default values of these registers are set to support all endpoints that exist in the default
USB device (Table 5-1).

15.39 Fast Transfers

FASTXFR

Fast Transfer Control

7FE2

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

FISO

FBLK

RPOL

RMOD1

RMOD0

WPOL

WMOD1

WMOD0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-107. Fast Transfer Control Register

The USB core provides a fast transfer mode designed for attaching external FIFOs to the isochronous and bulk endpoint buffers. The FASTXFR Register enables the modes for bulk and/or isochronous transfers, and selects the timing waveforms for the FRD# and FWR# signals.

Chapter 15. EZ-USB FX Registers

Page 15-71

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Bit 7:

FISO

Enable Fast ISO Transfers

The 8051 sets FISO=1 to enable fast isochronous transfers for all16 isochronous endpoint
FIFOs. When FISO=0, fast transfers are disabled for all 16 isochronous endpoints.

Bit 6:

FBLK

Enable Fast BULK Transfers

The 8051 sets FBLK=1 to enable fast bulk transfers using the Autopointer (see Section 15.40,
"SETUP Data") with BULK endpoints. When FBLK=0 fast transfers are disabled for BULK
endpoints.

Bit 5:

RPOL

FRD# Pulse Polarity

The 8051 sets RPOL=0 for active-low FRD# pulses, and RPOL=1 for active high FRD#
pulses.

Bit 4-3:

RMOD

FRD# Pulse Mode

These bits select the phasing and width of the FRD# pulse.

Bit 2:

WPOL

FWR# Pulse Polarity

The 8051 sets WPOL=0 for active-low FWR# pulses, and WPOL=1 for active high FWR#
pulses.

Bit 1-0:

WMOD

FWR# Pulse Mode

These bits select the phasing and width of the FWR# pulse.

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AUTOPTRH

Auto Pointer Address High

7FE3

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

A15

A14

A13

A12

A11

A10

A9

A8

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

AUTOPTRL

Auto Pointer Address Low

7FE4

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

A7

A6

A5

A4

A3

A2

A1

A0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

AUTODATA

Auto Pointer Data

7FE5

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

D7

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

Figure 15-108. Auto Pointer Registers

These registers control the EZ-USB FX Autopointer.

15.39.1 AUTOPTRH/L
The 8051 loads a 16-bit address into the AUTOPTRH/L Registers. Subsequent reads or writes to
the AUTODATA Register increment the 16-bit value in these registers. The loaded address must
be in internal EZ-USB FX RAM. The 8051 can read these registers to determine the address of the
next byte to be accessed via the AUTODATA Register.

15.39.2 AUTODATA
8051 data read or written to the AUTODATA Register accesses the memory addressed by the
AUTOPTRH/L Registers, and increments the address after the read or write.
These registers allow FIFO access to the bulk endpoint buffers, as well as being useful for internal
data movement. Chapter 6. "EZ-USB FX Bulk Transfers" and Chapter 10. "EZ-USB FX Isochronous Transfers" explain how to use the Autopointer for fast transfers to and from the EZ-USB FX
endpoint buffers.

Chapter 15. EZ-USB FX Registers

Page 15-73

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

15.40 SETUP Data

SETUPBUF

SETUP Data Buffer (8 Bytes)

7FE8-7FEF

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

D7

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

Figure 15-109. SETUP Data Buffer

This buffer contains the 8 bytes of SETUP packet data from the most recently received CONTROL
transfer.
The data in SETUPBUF is valid when the SUDAVIR (Setup Data Available Interrupt Request) Bit
is set.

15.41 Isochronous FIFO Sizes

OUTnADDR

ISO OUT Endpoint Start Address

7FF0-7FF7*

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

A9

A8

A7

A6

A5

A4

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

INnADDR

ISO IN Endpoint Start Address

7FF8-7FFF*

b7

b6

b5

b4

b3

b2

b1

b0

A9

A8

A7

A6

A5

A4

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

R/W

See Table 15-17 for individual start address register addresses.

Figure 15-110. SETUP Data Buffer

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

Table 15-17. Isochronous FIFO Start Address Registers

Address

Endpoint Start Address

7FF0

Endpoint 8 OUT Start Address

7FF1

Endpoint 9 OUT Start Address

7FF2

Endpoint 10 OUT Start Address

7FF3

Endpoint 11 OUT Start Address

7FF4

Endpoint 12 OUT Start Address

7FF5

Endpoint 13 OUT Start Address

7FF6

Endpoint 14 OUT Start Address

7FF7

Endpoint 15 OUT Start Address

7FF8

Endpoint 8 IN Start Address

7FF9

Endpoint 9 IN Start Address

7FFA

Endpoint 10 IN Start Address

7FFB

Endpoint 11 IN Start Address

7FFC

Endpoint 12 IN Start Address

7FFD

Endpoint 13 IN Start Address

7FFE

Endpoint 14 IN Start Address

7FFF

Endpoint 15 IN Start Address

EZ-USB FX Isochronous endpoints use a pool of 1,024 double-buffered FIFO bytes. The 1,024
FIFO bytes can be divided between any or all of the isochronous endpoints. The 8051 sets isochronous endpoint FIFO sizes by writing starting addresses to these registers, starting with address
0. Address bits A3-A0 are internally set to zero, so the minimum FIFO size is 16 bytes.

Chapter 15. EZ-USB FX Registers

Page 15-75

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

Chapter 16. 8051 Introduction

16.1 Introduction
The EZ-USB FX contains an 8051 core that is binary-compatible with the industry standard 8051
instruction set.

Crystal

Oscillator

8-bit CPU

Register
RAM
(256 bytes)

Serial Port1
Serial Port0

Timer2
Timer1
Timer0

Internal Bus

Bus Control

Interrupt
Control

I/O Ports*

* The EZ-USB family implements I/O ports differently than in the standard 8051
Figure 16-1. 8051 Features
This chapter provides an overview of the 8051 core features. The topics are:

Chapter 16. 8051 Introduction

Page 16-1

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

New 8051 Features

Performance Overview

Software Compatibility

803x/805x Feature Comparison

8051/DS80C320 Differences.

16.2 8051 Features

The 8051 core provides the following design features and enhancements to the standard 8051
micro-controller:

Compatible with industry standard 803x/805x:

-

Standard 8051 instruction set

Two full-duplex serial ports

Three timers

High-speed architecture:
-

4 clocks/instruction cycle

2.5X average improvement in instruction execution time over the standard 8051

Wasted bus cycles eliminated

Dual data pointers

256 Bytes internal data RAM

High-speed external memory interface with 16-bit address bus

Variable length MOVX to access fast/slow RAM peripherals

Supports industry standard compilers, assemblers, emulators, and ROM monitors

16.3 Performance Overview

The 8051 core has been designed to offer increased performance by executing instructions in a 4clock bus cycle, as opposed to the 12-clock bus cycle in the standard 8051. (See Figure 16-2).
The shortened bus timing improves the instruction execution rate for most instructions by a factor
of three over the standard 8051 architectures.

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Some instructions require a different number of instruction cycles on the 8051 core than they do on
the standard 8051. In the standard 8051, all instructions except for MUL and DIV take one or two
instruction cycles to complete. In the 8051 core, instructions can take between one and five
instruction cycles to complete. The average speed improvement for the entire instruction set is
approximately 2.5X. Table 16-1 catalogs the speed improvements.
Table 16-1. 8051/Standard 8051 Speed Comparison
Number of Opcodes Speed Improvement
150

3.0X

51

1.5X

43

2.0X

2.4X

Total: 255

Average: 2.5X

Note: Comparison is for 8051 and standard 8051

running at the same clock frequency.

8051 Timing
single byte single cycle instruction

ALE
PSEN#
AD0-AD7
PORT2
4

XTAL1
12

ALE
PSEN#
AD0-AD7
PORT2
single byte single cycle instruction

Standard 8051 Timing

Figure 16-2. 8051/Standard 8051 Timing Comparison

Chapter 16. 8051 Introduction

Page 16-3

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

16.4 Software Compatibility

The 8051 core is object code compatible with the industry standard 8051 micro-controller. That is,
object code compiled with an industry standard 8051 compiler or assembler executes on the 8051
core and is functionally equivalent. However, because the 8051 core uses a different instruction
timing than the standard 8051, existing code with timing loops may require modification.
The Instruction Set in Table 16-2 lists the number of instruction cycles required to perform each
instruction on the 8051 core. The 8051 instruction cycle timing and number of instruction cycles
required for each instruction are compatible with the Dallas Semiconductor DS80C320.

16.5 803x/805x Feature Comparison

Table 16-2 provides a feature-by-feature comparison of the 8051 core and several common 803x/
805x configurations.
Table 16-2. Features of 8051 Core & Common 803x/805x Configurations
Intel
8031

8051

80C32

80C52

Dallas
DS80C320

Anchor
8051

12
-

12
4 KB ROM

12
-

12
8 KB ROM

4
-

4
8 K RAM

Internal RAM
Data Pointers

128 bytes
1

128 bytes
1

256 bytes
1

256 bytes
1

256 bytes
2

256 bytes
2

Serial Ports
16-bit Timers

1
2

1
2

1
3

1
3

2
3

2
3

Interrupt sources (total of int.

and ext.)
Stretch memory cycles

13

13

no

no

no

no

yes

yes

Feature
Clocks per instruction cycle
Program / Data Memory

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16.6 8051 Core/DS80C320 Differences

The 8051 core is similar to the DS80C320 in terms of hardware features and instruction cycle timing. However, there are some important differences between the 8051 core and the DS80C320.

16.6.1 Serial Ports

The 8051 core does not implement serial port framing error detection and does not implement
slave address comparison for multiprocessor communications. Therefore, the 8051 core also does
not implement the following SFRs: SADDR0, SADDR1, SADEN0, and SADEN1.

16.6.2 Timer 2
The 8051 core does not implement Timer 2 downcounting mode or the downcount enable bit
(TMOD2, Bit 0). Also, the 8051 core does not implement Timer 2 output enable (T2OE) bit
(TMOD2, Bit 1). Therefore, the TMOD2 SFR is also not implemented in the 8051 core.
Also, the 8051 core Timer 2 overflow output is active for one clock cycle. In the DS80C320, the
Timer 2 overflow output is a square wave with a 50% duty cycle.

It is possible to float the T2OUT pin by setting OEB.7=0 and PORTBCFG.7=0. This selects the
PORTB (not T2OUT) signal, and turns off its output buffer.

16.6.3 Timed Access Protection

The 8051 core does not implement timed access protection and therefore, does not implement the
TA SFR.

16.6.4 Watchdog Timer

The EZ-USB FX/8051 does not implement a watchdog timer. It also does not implement I/O ports
0-3. Instead, it uses ports A-E.

Chapter 16. 8051 Introduction

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

Chapter 17. 8051 Architectural Overview

17.1 Introduction
This chapter provides a technical overview and description of the 8051 core architecture.

17.1.1 Memory Organization

Memory organization in the 8051 core is similar to that of the industry standard 8051. There are
three distinct memory areas: registers, program memory, and data memory.

17.1.1.1 Registers
Register memory is implemented inside the 8051 core. The 8051 accesses registers in two
regions using direct addressing, providing the fastest available 8051 data access. The two directly
addressable regions are 128 general purpose registers at addresses 00-7F, and 128 bytes of Special Function Registers (SFRs) at 80-FF. The SFR address space, which is not fully populated,
contains 8051 control and status registers, plus added EZ-USB FX control and status registers.

Chapter 17. 8051 Architectural Overview

Page 17-1

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Lower 128 bytes

Indirect addressing only

7Fh
FFh

Direct RAM

30h
...
2Fh 7F
78
Bank
.
Select
Bit-Addressable
.
(PSW
Registers
bits 4,3)
...

11
10
01
00

20h 07
1Fh
Bank 3
18h
17h
Bank 2
10h
0Fh
Bank 1
08h
07h
Bank 0
00

FFh
Upper 128
bytes
(optional)

SFR space

80h
7Fh

80h
Lower 128
bytes

00

Direct addressing
only

00h
Direct or indirect addressing

Figure 17-1. Internal RAM Organization

Some examples of direct addressing are:

MOV

A,22H

; load accumulator from register at address 22

MOV

A,IOE

; read the EZ-USB FX PORTE pins (added SFR)

MOV

IOD,A

; write the PORTD Bits (added SFR)

An additional 128 registers overlap the SFRs at addresses 80-FF. The 8051 keeps these separate from the SFRs by using a different addressing mode, 8-bit indirect, to access them. For
example, to read the register at location 90(hex):

MOV

R0,#90H

;point to register RAM at 90(hex)

MOV

A,@R0

;read it using 8-bit indirect addressing

The 8051 uses two registers, R0 and R1, to hold the 8-bit index. This addressing mode may also
access register memory from 0-127, although it is faster and more efficient to use the direct
addressing available in this lower region.

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Since the 8051 stack is internally accessed using indirect addressing, it is a good idea to put the
stack in the upper 128 bytes of register memory, which is addressable using indirect addressing
only. This frees the lower 128 register bytes for use by the more efficient direct addressing.

17.1.1.2 Program Memory

The 8051 has separate address spaces for program and data memory. Program memory can only
be read, not written. The read strobe for program memory is PSEN (Program Store Enable). The
8051 generates PSEN strobes for two conditions, instruction fetches and the MOVC (move code
memory into the accumulator) instruction.

17.1.1.3 Data Memory

Data memory occupies a separate address space from program memory. Data memory can be
read or written, using the RD and WR strobes. Up to 64 KB of data memory can be added to the
EZ-USB FX versions that bring out the 8051 address and data bus pins. As the next section
explains, a portion of this external data memory is actually implemented inside the FX chip.

17.1.1.4 EZ-USB FX Program/Data Memory

The EZ-USB FX family contains internal RAM, which in most systems provides all the memory for
a single-chip solution. Therefore, this internal RAM must serve both as 8051 program and data
memory. To accomplish this, the 8051 reads internal RAM using the logical OR of the PSEN and
RD strobes. It is the responsibility of the system designer to ensure that the program and data
memory spaces do not overlap. This is done using linker directives that place the code and data
modules.
It is possible to add external program and data memory to the EZ-USB FX parts that provide the
8051 address and data bus pins. To avoid conflict with the internal combined program/data memory, the EZ-USB FX logic gates the memory strobes to be inactive when the 8051 accesses internal memory. These strobes include the RD#, WR#, CS#, and OE# pins. Because of this internal
gating, a 64-KB memory (data and/or program) can be added without requiring external logic to
inhibit access to the bottom 8 KB that are inside the FX part. Note that the PSEN and RD signals
are available on separate pins, so the program and data spaces are not combined as they are
inside the FX part.
The EA (external access) pin allows all external memory to be program memory. When EA is tied
high, the 8051 reads the internal RAM using only the RD strobethe combining of RD and PSEN
is disabled. With EA=1, the internal RAM becomes data memory only, and program memory starts
at 0000 in external memory. The other effect of tying the EA pin high is that the 8051 powers up
running (not in RESET), ready to run the external code.

17.1.1.5 Accessing Data Memory

The 8051 reads and writes data memory using the MOVX instruction. Either an 8-bit or a 16-bit
index (address pointer) can be used. 8-bit addressing uses either R0 or R1 to supply the lower
address byte, and the MPAGE Register (SFR address 92H) to supply the high address byte. 16-bit
addressing uses the 16-bit data pointer (DPTR) to supply the full address.

Chapter 17. 8051 Architectural Overview

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

EZ-USB FX registers exist in the upper portion of internal memory. The 8051 accesses them
using the MOVX instruction. A limited set of EZ-USB FX registers are in the SFR address space
to provide fastest possible access.

17.1.2 Instruction Set

All 8051 instructions are binary code compatible and perform the same functions as they do with
the industry standard 8051. The effects of these instructions on bits, flags, and other status functions is identical to the industry standard 8051. However, the timing of the instructions is different,
both in terms of number of clock cycles per instruction cycle and timing within the instruction cycle.
Table 17-2 lists the 8051 instruction set and the number of instruction cycles required to complete
each instruction. Table 17-1 defines the symbols and mnemonics used in Table 17-2.
Table 17-1. Legend for Instruction Set Table
Symbol

Page 17-4

Function

Accumulator

Rn

Register R7R0

direct

Internal register address

@Ri

Internal register pointed to by R0 or R1

rel

Twos complement offset byte

bit

Direct bit address

#data

8-bit constant

#data 16

16-bit constant

addr 16

16-bit destination address

addr 11

11-bit destination address

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

Table 17-2. 8051 Instruction Set

Mnemonic

Description

ADD A, Rn

Add register to A

Byte

Instr.
Cycles

Hex
Code

28-2F

Arithmetic
ADD A, direct

Add direct byte to A

25

ADD A, @Ri

Add data memory to A

26-27

ADDC A, #data

Add immediate to A

24

ADDC A, Rn

Add register to A with carry

38-3F

ADDC A, direct

Add direct byte to A with carry

35

ADDC A, @Ri

Add data memory to A with carry

36-37

ADDC A, #data

Add immediate to A with carry

34

SUBB A, Rn

Subtract register from A with borrow

98-9F

SUBB A, direct

Subtract direct byte from A with borrow

95

SUBB A, @Ri

Subtract data memory from A with borrow

96-97

SUBB A, #data

Subtract immediate from A with borrow

94

INC A

increment A

04

INC Rn

Increment register

08-0F

INC direct

Increment direct byte

05

INC @ Ri

Increment data memory

06-07

DEC A

Decrement A

14

DEC Rn

Decrement Register

18-1F

DEC direct

Decrement direct byte

15

DEC @Ri

Decrement data memory

16-17

INC DPTR

Increment data pointer

A3

MUL AB

Multiply A by B

A4

DIV AB

Divide A by B

84

DA A

Decimal adjust A

D4

Logical
ANL, Rn

AND register to A

58-5F

ANL A, direct

AND direct byte to A

55

ANL A, @Ri

AND data memory to A

56-57

ANL A, #data

AND immediate to A

54

ANL direct, A

AND A to direct byte

52

ANL direct, #data

AND immediate data to direct byte

53

ORL A, Rn

OR register to A

48-4F

ORL A, direct

OR direct byte to A

45

ORL A, @Ri

OR data memory to A

46-47

ORL A, #data

OR immediate to A

44

ORL direct, A

OR A to direct byte

42

Chapter 17. 8051 Architectural Overview

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Table 17-2. 8051 Instruction Set
Mnemonic

Description

Byte

Instr.
Cycles

Hex
Code

ORL direct, #data

OR immediate data to direct byte

43

XORL A, Rn

Exclusive-OR register to A

68-6F

XORL A, direct

Exclusive-OR direct byte to A

65

XORL A, @Ri

Exclusive-OR data memory to A

66-67

XORL A, #data

Exclusive-OR immediate to A

64

XORL direct, A

Exclusive-OR A to direct byte

62

XORL direct, #data

Exclusive-OR immediate data to direct byte

63

CLR A

Clear A

E4

CPL A

Complement A

F4

SWAP A

Swap nibbles of a

C4

RL A

Rotate A left

23

RLC A

Rotate A left through carry

33

RRA

Rotate A right

03

RRC A

Rotate A right through carry

13

Data Transfer
MOV A, Rn

Move register to A

E8-EF

MOV A, direct

Move direct byte to A

E5

MOV A, @Ri

Move data memory to A

E6-E7

MOV A, #data

Move immediate to A

74

MOV Rn, A

Move A to register

F8-FF

MOV Rn, direct

Move direct byte to register

A8-AF

MOV Rn, #data

Move immediate to register

78-7F

MOV direct, A

Move A to direct byte

F5

MOV direct, Rn

Move register to direct byte

88-8F

MOV direct, direct

Move direct byte to direct byte

85

MOV direct, @Ri

Move data memory to direct byte

86-87

MOV direct, #data

Move immediate to direct byte

75

MOV @Ri, A

MOV A to data memory

F6-F7

MOV @Ri, direct

Move direct byte to data memory

A6-A7

MOV @Ri, #data

Move immediate to data memory

76-77

MOV DPTR, #data

Move immediate to data pointer

90

MOVC A, @A+DPTR

Move code byte relative DPTR to A

93

MOVC A, @A+PC

Move code byte relative PC to A

83

MOVX A, @Ri

Move external data (A8) to A

2-9*

E2-E3

MOVX A, @DPTR

Move external data (A16) to A

2-9*

E0

MOVX @Ri, A

Move A to external data (A8)

2-9*

F2-F3

MOVX @DPTR, A

Move A to external data (A16)

2-9*

F0

PUSH direct

Push direct byte onto stack

C0

Page 17-6

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

Table 17-2. 8051 Instruction Set

Byte

Instr.
Cycles

Hex
Code

Mnemonic

Description

POP direct

Pop direct byte from stack

D0

XCH A, Rn

Exchange A and register

C8-CF

XCH A, direct

Exchange A and direct byte

C5

XCH A, @Ri

Exchange A and data memory

C6-C7

XCHD A, @Ri

Exchange A and data memory nibble

D6-D7

* Number of cycles is user-selectable. See Section 17.1.5. "Stretch Memory Cycles (Wait States)".
Boolean
CLR C

Clear carry

C3

CLR bit

Clear direct bit

C2

SETB C

Set carry

D3

SETB bit

Set direct bit

D2

CPL C

Complement carry

B3

CPL bit

Complement direct bit

B2

ANL C, bit

AND direct bit to carry

82

ANL C, /bit

AND direct bit inverse to carry

B0

ORL C, bit

OR direct bit to carry

72

ORL C, /bit

OR direct bit inverse to carry

A0

MOV C, bit

Move direct bit to carry

A2

MOV bit, C

Move carry to direct bit

92

ACALL addr 11

Absolute call to subroutine

11-F1

LCALL addr 16

Long call to subroutine

12

RET

Return from subroutine

22

Branching

RETI

Return from interrupt

32

AJMP addr 11

Absolute jump unconditional

01-E1

LJMP addr 16

Long jump unconditional

02

SJMP rel

Short jump (relative address)

80

JC rel

Jump on carry = 1

40

JNC rel

Jump on carry = 0

50

JB bit, rel

Jump on direct bit = 1

20

JNB bit, rel

Jump on direct bit = 0

30

JBC bit, rel

Jump on direct bit = 1 and clear

10

JMP @ A+DPTR

Jump indirect relative DPTR

73

JZ rel

Jump on accumulator = 0

60

JNZ rel

Jump on accumulator /= 0

70

CJNE A, direct, rel

Compare A, direct JNE relative

B5

CJNE A, #d, rel

Compare A, immediate JNE relative

B4

CJNE Rn, #d, rel

Compare reg, immediate JNE relative

B8-BF

Chapter 17. 8051 Architectural Overview

Page 17-7

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Table 17-2. 8051 Instruction Set
Mnemonic

Description

Byte

Instr.
Cycles

Hex
Code

CJNE @ Ri, #d, rel

Compare Ind, immediate JNE relative

B6-B7

DJNZ Rn, rel

Decrement register, JNZ relative

D8-DF

DJNZ direct, rel

Decrement direct byte, JNZ relative

D5

NOP

No operation

00

Miscellaneous
There is an additional reserved opcode (A5) that performs the same function as NOP. All mnemonics are
copyrighted. Intel Corporation 1980.

17.1.3 Instruction Timing

Instruction cycles in the 8051 core are 4 clock cycles in length, as opposed to the 12 clock cycles
per instruction cycle in the standard 8051. This translates to a 3X improvement in execution time
for most instructions.
Some instructions require a different number of instruction cycles on the 8051 core than they do
on the standard 8051. In the standard 8051, all instructions except for MUL and DIV take one or
two instruction cycles to complete. In the 8051 core, instructions can take between one and five
instruction cycles to complete.
For example, in the standard 8051, the instructions MOVX A, @DPTR and MOV direct, direct
each take 2 instruction cycles (24 clock cycles) to execute. In the 8051 core, MOVX A, @DPTR
takes two instruction cycles (8 clock cycles) and MOV direct, direct takes three instruction
cycles (12 clock cycles). Both instructions execute faster on the 8051 core than they do on the
standard 8051, but require different numbers of clock cycles.
For timing of real-time events, use the numbers of instruction cycles from Table 17-2 to calculate
the timing of software loops. The bytes column indicates the number of memory accesses (bytes)
needed to execute the instruction. In most cases, the number of bytes is equal to the number of
instruction cycles required to complete the instruction. However, as indicated, there are some
instructions (for example, DIV and MUL) that require a greater number of instruction cycles than
memory accesses.
By default, the 8051 core timer/counters run at 12 clock cycles per increment so that timer-based
events have the same timing as with the standard 8051. The timers can also be configured to run
at 4 clock cycles per increment to take advantage of the higher speed of the 8051 core.

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17.1.4 CPU Timing

As previously stated, an 8051 core instruction cycle consists of 4 CLKOUT cycles. Each CLKOUT
cycle forms a CPU cycle. Therefore, an instruction cycle consists of 4 CPU cycles: C1, C2, C3,
and C4, as illustrated in Figure 17-2. Various events occur in each CPU cycle, depending on the
type of instruction being executed. The labels C1, C2, C3, and C4 in timing descriptions refer to
the 4 CPU cycles within a particular instruction cycle.
The execution for instruction n is performed during the fetch of instruction n+1. Data writes occur
during fetch of instruction n+2. The level sensitive interrupts are sampled with the rising edge of
CLKOUT at the end of C3.

CLK24
Instruction cycle
CPU cycle

n+1
C1

C2

C3

n+2
C4

C1

C2

C3

C4

C1

Figure 17-2. CPU Timing for Single-Cycle Instruction

17.1.5 Stretch Memory Cycles (Wait States)

The stretch memory cycle feature enables application software to adjust the speed of data memory
(not code memory) access. The 8051 core can execute the MOVX instruction in as few as 2
instruction cycles. However, it is sometimes desirable to stretch this value; for example to access
slow memory or slow memory-mapped peripherals such as UARTs or LCDs.
The three LSBs of the Clock Control Register (at SFR location 8Eh) control the stretch value. You
can use stretch values between zero and seven. A stretch value of zero adds zero instruction
cycles, resulting in MOVX instructions executing in two instruction cycles. A stretch value of seven
adds seven instruction cycles, resulting in MOVX instructions executing in nine instruction cycles.
The stretch value can be changed dynamically under program control.
By default, the stretch value resets to one (three cycle MOVX). For full-speed data memory access,
the software must set the stretch value to zero. The stretch value affects only data memory access
(not program memory).
The stretch value affects the width of the read/write strobe and all related timing. Using a higher
stretch value results in a wider read/write strobe, which allows the memory or peripheral more time
to respond.

Chapter 17. 8051 Architectural Overview

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Table 17-3 lists the data memory access speeds for stretch values zero through seven. MD20
are the three LSBs of the Clock Control Register (CKCON.20).
Table 17-3. Data Memory Stretch Values
MD2

MD1

MD0

Memory
Cycles

Read/Write
Strobe Width
(Clocks)

Strobe Width
@ 24MHz

Strobe Width
@ 48MHz

83.3 ns

41.65 ns

3 (default)

166.7 ns

83.35 ns

333.3 ns

166.66 ns

12

500 ns

250 ns

16

666.7 ns

333.35 ns

20

833.3 ns

416.65 ns

24

1000 ns

500 ns

28

1166.7 ns

583.35 ns

17.1.6 Dual Data Pointers

The 8051core employs dual data pointers to accelerate data memory block moves. The standard
8051 data pointer (DPTR) is a 16-bit value used to address external data RAM or peripherals. The
8051 maintains the standard data pointer as DPTR0 at SFR locations 82h (DPL0) and 83h
(DPH0). It is not necessary to modify existing code to use DPTR0.
The 8051 core adds a second data pointer (DPTR1) at SFR locations 84h (DPL1) and 85h
(DPH1). The SEL Bit in the DPTR Select Register, DPS (SFR 86h), selects the active pointer.
When SEL = 0, instructions that use the DPTR will use DPL0 and DPH0. When SEL = 1, instructions that use the DPTR will use DPL1 and DPH1. SEL is the bit 0 of SFR location 86h. No other
bits of SFR location 86h are used.
All DPTR-related instructions use the data pointer selected by the SEL Bit. To switch the active
pointer, toggle the SEL Bit. The fastest way to do so is to use the increment instruction (INC DPS).
This requires only one instruction to switch from a source address to a destination address, saving
application code from having to save source and destination addresses when doing a block move.
Using dual data pointers provides significantly increased efficiency when moving large blocks of
data.

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The SFR locations related to the dual data pointers are:

82h
83h
84h
85h
86h

DPL0
DPH0
DPL1
DPH1
DPS

DPTR0 low byte

DPTR0 high byte
DPTR1 low byte
DPTR1 high byte
DPTR Select (Bit 0)

17.1.7 Special Function Registers

The Special Function Registers (SFRs) control several of the features of the 8051 and EZ-USB
FX. Most of the 8051 core SFRs are identical to the standard 8051 SFRs. However, there are
additional SFRs that control features that are not available in the standard 8051, plus some EZUSB FX features.
Table 17-4 lists the 8051 core SFRs and indicates which SFRs are not included in the standard
8051 SFR space. See Section 4.12. "SFR Addressing" for the EZ-USB FX added SFRs.
In Table 17-5, SFR Bit positions that contain a 0 or a 1 cannot be written to and, when read, always
return the value shown (0 or 1). SFR Bit positions that contain - are available but not used. Table
17-5 lists the reset values for the SFRs.
The following SFRs are related to CPU operation and program execution:
81h
D0h
E0h
F0h

SP
PSW
ACC
B

Stack Pointer
Program Status Word ()
Accumulator Register
B Register

Table 17-6 lists the functions of the bits in the PSW SFR. Detailed descriptions of the remaining
SFRs appear with the associated hardware descriptions in Chapter 4. "EZ-USB FX Input/Output"
of this manual.

Chapter 17. 8051 Architectural Overview

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Table 17-4. Special Function Registers
Register

Bit 7

Bit 6

Bit 5

Bit 4

Bit 3

Bit 2

Bit 1

Bit 0

Addr

SP

81h

DPL0

82h

DPH0

83h

(1)

84h

DPH1(1)

85h

DPL1

(1)

DPS

SEL

86h

PCON

SMOD0

GF1

GF0

STOP

IDLE

87h

TCON

TF1

TR1

TF0

TR0

IE1

IT1

IE0

IT0

88h

TMOD

GATE

C/T

M1

M0

GATE

C/T

M1

M0

89h

TL0

8Ah

TL1

8Bh

TH0

8Ch

TH1

8Dh

CKCON(1)

T2M

T1M

T0M

MD2

MD1

MD0

8Eh

SPC_FNC(1)

WRS

8Fh

EXIF(1)

IE5

IE4

I2CINT

USBINT

91h
92h

MPAGE(1)
SCON0

SM0_0

SM1_0

SM2_0

REN_0

TB8_0

RB8_0

TI_0

RI_0

SBUF0
IE

98h
99h

EA

ES1

ET2

ES0

ET1

EX1

ET0

EX0

A8h

IP

PS1

PT2

PS0

PT1

PX1

PT0

PX0

B8h

SCON1(1)

SM0_1

SM1_1

SM2_1

REN_1

TB8_1

RB8_1

TI_1

RI_1

C0h
C1h

SBUF1(1)
T2CON

TF2

EXF2

RCLK

TCLK

EXEN2

TR2

C/T2

CP/RL2

C8h

RCAP2L

CAh

RCAP2H

CBh

TL2

CCh

TH2

CDh

PSW

CY

AC

F0

RS1

RS0

OV

F1

D0h

EICON(1)

SMOD1

ERESI

RESI

INT6

D8h

ACC
EIE(1)

E0H
1

EWDI

EX5

EX4

EI2C

EUSB

B
EIP(1)

F0h
1

1
(1)

Page 17-12

E8h

PX6

PX5

PX4

PI2C

PUSB

F8h

Not part of standard 8051 architecture.

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

Table 17-5. Special Function Register Reset Values

Register

Bit 7

Bit 6

Bit 5

Bit 4

Bit 3

Bit 2

Bit 1

Bit 0

Addr

SP

81h

DPL0

82h

DPH0

83h

DPL1(1)

84h

DPH1(1)

85h

(1)

DPS

86h

PCON

87h

TCON

88h

TMOD

89h

TL0

8Ah

TL1

8Bh

TH0

8Ch

8Dh

8Eh

SPC_FNC(1)

8Fh

EXIF(1)

91h

MPAGE(1)

92h

SCON0

98h

SBUF0

99h

IE

A8h

TH1
(1)

CKCON

IP

B8h

(1)

C0h

SBUF1(1)

C1h

T2CON

C8h

RCAP2L

CAh

RCAP2H

CBh

TL2

CCh

TH2

CDh

SCON1

PSW

D0h

EICON(1)

D8h

ACC

E0H

EIE(1)

E8h

F0h

F8h

(1)

EIP

(1)

Chapter 17. 8051 Architectural Overview

Not part of standard 8051 architecture.

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Table 17-6. PSW Register - SFR D0h

Bit

Function

PSW.7

CY - Carry flag. This is the unsigned carry bit. The CY flag is set when an arithmetic operation
results in a carry from bit 7 to bit 8, and cleared otherwise. In other words, it acts as a virtual bit
8. The CY flag is cleared on multiplication and division.

PSW.6

AC - Auxiliary carry flag. Set to 1 when the last arithmetic operation resulted in a carry into (during addition) or borrow from (during subtraction) the high order nibble, otherwise cleared to 0 by
all arithmetic operations.

PSW.5

F0 - User flag 0. Bit-addressable, general purpose flag for software control.

PSW.4

RS1 - Register bank select bit 1. used with RS0 to select a register bank in internal RAM.

PSW.3

RS0 - Register bank select bit 0, decoded as:

RS1RS0 Banks Selected
00 Register bank 0, addresses 00h-07h
01 Register bank 1, addresses 08h-0Fh
10 Register bank 2, addresses 10h-17h
11 Register bank 3, addresses 18h-1Fh

PSW.2

OV - Overflow flag. This is the signed carry bit. The OV flag is set when a positive sum exceeds
7fh, or a negative sum (in twos compliment notation) exceeds 80h. On a multiply, if OV = 1, the
result of the multiply is greater than FFh. On a divide, OV = 1 on a divide by 0.

PSW.1

F1 - User flag 1. Bit-addressable, general purpose flag for software control.

PSW.0

P - Parity flag. Set to 1 when the modulo-2 sum of the 8 bits in the accumulator is 1 (odd parity),
cleared to 0 on even parity.

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Chapter 18. 8051 Hardware Description

18.1 Introduction
This chapter provides technical data about the 8051 core hardware operation and timing. The topics are:

Timers/Counters

Serial Interface

Interrupts

8051 Reset

Power Saving Modes.

18.2 Timers/Counters
The 8051 core includes three timer/counters (Timer 0, Timer 1, and Timer 2). Each timer/counter
can operate as either a timer with a clock rate based on the CLKOUT pin or as an event counter
clocked by the T0 pin (Timer 0), T1 pin (Timer 1), or the T2 pin (Timer 2).
Each timer/counter consists of a 16-bit register that is accessible to software as two SFRs:

Timer 0 TL0 and TH0

Timer 1 TL1 and TH1

Timer 2 TL2 and TH2.

Chapter 18. 8051 Hardware Description

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18.2.1 803x/805x Compatibility

The implementation of the timers/counters is similar to that of the Dallas Semiconductor
DS80C320. Table 18-7 summarizes the differences in timer/counter implementation between the
Intel 8051, the Dallas Semiconductor DS80C320, and the 8051 core.
Table 18-7. Timer/Counter Implementation Comparison
Feature

Intel 8051

Dallas DS80C320

8051

Number of timers

Timer 0/1 overflow

available as output signals

not implemented

not implemented

T0OUT, T1OUT
(one CLKOUT pulse)

Timer 2 output enable

n/a

implemented

not directly implemented

Timer 2 downcount enable

n/a

implemented

not implemented

Timer 2 overflow
available as output signal

n/a

implemented

T2OUT
(one CLKOUT pulse)

18.2.2 Timers 0 and 1

Timers 0 and 1 each operate in four modes, as controlled through the TMOD SFR (Table 18-8)
and the TCON SFR (Table 18-9). The four modes are:

13-bit timer/counter (mode 0)

16-bit timer/counter (mode 1)

8-bit counter with auto-reload (mode 2)

Two 8-bit counters (mode 3, Timer 0 only)

18.2.2.1 Mode 0
Mode 0 operation, illustrated in Figure 18-3, is the same for Timer 0 and Timer 1. In mode 0, the
timer is configured as a 13-bit counter that uses bits 0-4 of TL0 (or TL1) and all 8 bits of TH0 (or
TH1). The timer enable bit (TR0/TR1) in the TCON SFR starts the timer. The C/T Bit selects the
timer/counter clock source, CLKOUT or the T0/T1 pins.
The timer counts transitions from the selected source as long as the GATE Bit is 0, or the GATE
Bit is 1 and the corresponding interrupt pin (INT0# or INT1#) is 1.
When the 13-bit count increments from 1FFFh (all ones), the counter rolls over to all zeros, the
TF0 (or TF1) Bit is set in the TCON SFR, and the T0OUT (or T1OUT) pin goes high for one clock
cycle.

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The upper 3 bits of TL0 (or TL1) are indeterminate in mode 0 and must be masked when the software evaluates the register.

Divide by 12
CLKOUT

T0M (or T1M)

0
1

CLK
C/ T

Divide by 4

TL0 (or TL1)

7
4

1
Mode 0

T0 (or T1) pin

Mode 1

TR0 (or TR1)

TH0 (or TH1) 7

GATE
INT0# pin
(or INT1#)

TF0 (or TF1)

INT

To Serial Port
(Timer 1 only)

Figure 18-3. Timer 0/1 - Modes 0 and 1

18.2.2.2 Mode 1
Mode 1 operation is the same for Timer 0 and Timer 1. In mode 1, the timer is configured as a 16bit counter. As illustrated in Figure 18-3, all 8 bits of the LSB Register (TL0 or TL1) are used. The
counter rolls over to all zeros when the count increments from FFFFh. Otherwise, mode 1 operation is the same as mode 0.

Chapter 18. 8051 Hardware Description

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Table 18-8. TMOD Register SFR 89h

Bit

Function

TMOD.7

GATE - Timer 1 gate control. When GATE = 1, Timer 1 will clock only when INT1# = 1 and
TR1 (TCON.6) = 1. When GATE = 0, Timer 1 will clock only when TR1 = 1, regardless of the
state of INT1#.

TMOD.6

C/T - Counter/Timer select. When C/T = 0, Timer 1 is clocked by CLKOUT/4 or CLKOUT/

12, depending on the state of T1M (CKCON.4). When C/T = 1, Timer 1 is clocked by the T1
pin.

TMOD.5

M1 - Timer 1 mode select bit 1.

TMOD.4

M0 - Timer 1 mode select bit 0, decoded as:

M0
Mode
M1
0
0
Mode 0 : 13-bit counter
0
1
Mode 1 : 16-bit counter
1
0
Mode 2 : 8-bit counter with auto-reload
1
1
Mode 3 : Timer 1 stopped

TMOD.3

GATE - Timer 0 gate control, When GATE = 1, Timer 0 will clock only when INT0 = 1 and
TR0 (TCON.4) = 1. When GATE = 0, Timer 0 will clock only when TR0 = 1, regardless of the
state of INT0.

TMOD.2

C/T - Counter/Timer select. When C/T = 0, Timer 0 is clocked by CLKOUT/4 or CLKOUT/

12, depending on the state of T0M (CKCON.3). When C/T = 1, Timer 0 is clocked by the T0
pin.

TMOD.1

M1 - Timer 0 mode select bit 1.

TMOD.0

M0 - Timer 0 mode select bit 0, decoded as:

M0
Mode
M1
0
0
Mode 0 : 13-bit counter
0
1
Mode 1 : 16-bit counter
1
0
Mode 2 : 8-bit counter with auto-reload
1
1
Mode 3 : Two 8-bit counters

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Table 18-9. TCON Register SRF 88h

Bit
TCON.7
TCON.6
TCON.5
TCON.4
TCON.3

TCON.2
TCON.1

TCON.0

Function
TF1 - Timer 1 overflow flag. Set to 1 when the Timer 1 count overflows and cleared when the
processor vectors to the interrupt service routine.
TR1 - Timer 1 run control. Set to 1 to enable counting on Timer 1.
TF0 - Timer 0 overflow flag. Set to 1 when the Timer 0 count overflows and cleared when the
processor vectors to the interrupt service routine.
TR0 - Timer 0 run control. Set to 1 to enable counting on Timer 0.
IE1 - Interrupt 1 edge detect. If external interrupt 1 is configured to be edge-sensitive (IT1 =
1), IE1 is set by hardware when a negative edge is detected on the INT1 pin and is automatically cleared when the CPU vectors to the corresponding interrupt service routine. In this
case, IE1 can also be cleared by software. If external interrupt 1 is configured to be levelsensitive (IT1 = 0), IE1 is set when the INT1# pin is 0 and cleared when the INT1# pin is 1. In
level-sensitive mode, software cannot write to IE1.
IT1 - Interrupt 1 type select. INT1 is detected on falling edge when IT1 = 1; INT1 is detected
as a low level when IT1 = 0.
IE0 - Interrupt 0 edge detect. If external interrupt 0 is configured to be edge-sensitive (IT0 =
1), IE0 is set by hardware when a negative edge is detected on the INT0 pin and is automatically cleared when the CPU vectors to the corresponding interrupt service routine. In this
case, IE0 can also be cleared by software. If external interrupt 0 is configured to be levelsensitive (IT0 = 0), IE0 is set when the INT0# pin is 0 and cleared when the INT0# pin is 1. In
level-sensitive mode, software cannot write to IE0.
IT0 - Interrupt 0 type select. INT0 is detected on falling edge when IT0 = 1; INT0 is detected
as a low level when IT0 = 0.

18.2.2.3 Mode 2
Mode 2 operation is the same for Timer 0 and Timer 1. In mode 2, the timer is configured as an 8bit counter, with automatic reload of the start value. The LSB Register (TL0 or TL1) is the counter
and the MSB Register (TH0 or TH1) stores the reload value.
As illustrated in Figure 18-4, mode 2 counter control is the same as for mode 0 and mode 1. However, in mode 2, when TLn increments from FFh, the value stored in THn is reloaded into TLn.

Chapter 18. 8051 Hardware Description

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Divide by 12
CLKOUT

T0M (or T1M)

0
1

Divide by 4

C/ T
0

TL0 (or TL1)

0

RELOAD

1
CLK

T0 (or T1) pin

TR0 (or TR1)

0 TH0 (or TH1) 7

GATE
TF0 (or TF1)

INT0# pin
(or INT1# pin)

INT

To Serial Port
(Timer 1 only)

Figure 18-4. Timer 0/1 - Mode 2

18.2.2.4 Mode 3
In mode 3, Timer 0 operates as two 8-bit counters and Timer 1 stops counting and holds its value.
As shown in Figure 18-5, TL0 is configured as an 8-bit counter controlled by the normal Timer 0
control bits. TL0 can either count CLKOUT cycles (divided by 4 or by 12) or high-to-low transitions
on T0, as determined by the C/T Bit. The GATE function can be used to give counter enable control to the INT0# pin.
TH0 functions as an independent 8-bit counter. However, TH0 can only count CLKOUT cycles
(divided by 4 or by 12). The Timer 1 control and flag bits (TR1 and TF1) are used as the control
and flag bits for TH0.
When Timer 0 is in mode 3, Timer 1 has limited usage because Timer 0 uses the Timer 1 control
bit (TR1) and interrupt flag (TF1). Timer 1 can still be used for baud rate generation and the Timer
1 count values are still available in the TL1 and TH1 Registers.
Control of Timer 1 when Timer 0 is in mode 3 is through the Timer 1 mode bits. To turn Timer 1 on,
set Timer 1 to mode 0, 1, or 2. To turn Timer 1 off, set it to mode 3. The Timer 1 C/T Bit and T1M
Bit are still available to Timer 1. Therefore, Timer 1 can count CLKOUT/4, CLKOUT/12, or high-tolow transitions on the T1 pin. The Timer 1 GATE function is also available when Timer 0 is in mode
3.

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T0M

Divide by 12

CLKOUT

1
Divide by 4

C/ T

CLK
7

TL0

T0 pin
TR0

TF0

INT

TF1

INT

GATE
INT0# pin

TH0

TR1

Figure 18-5. Timer 0 - Mode 3

18.2.3 Timer Rate Control

The default timer clock scheme for the 8051 timers is 12 CLKOUT cycles per increment, the same
as in the standard 8051. However, in the 8051, the instruction cycle is 4 CLKOUT cycles.
Using the default rate (12 clocks per timer increment) allows existing application code with realtime dependencies, such as baud rate, to operate properly. However, applications that require fast
timing can set the timers to increment every 4 CLKOUT cycles by setting bits in the Clock Control
Register (CKCON) at SFR location 8Eh. (See Table 18-10).
The CKCON Bits that control the timer clock rates are:
CKCON Bit

Counter/Timer

Timer 2

Timer 1

Timer 0

When a CKCON Register Bit is set to 1, the associated counter increments at 4-CLKOUT intervals. When a CKCON Bit is cleared, the associated counter increments at 12-CLKOUT intervals.
The timer controls are independent of each other. The default setting for all three timers is 0 (12CLKOUT intervals). These bits have no effect in counter mode.

Chapter 18. 8051 Hardware Description

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Table 18-10. CKCON Register SRF 8Eh

Bit

Function

CKCON.7,6

Reserved

CKCON.5

T2M - Timer 2 clock select. When T2M = 0, Timer 2 uses CLKOUT/12 (for compatibility with 80C32); when T2M = 1, Timer 2 uses CLKOUT/4. This bit has no effect
when Timer 2 is configured for baud rate generation.

CKCON.4

T1M - Timer 1 clock select. When T1M = 0, Timer 1 uses CLKOUT/12 (for compatibility with 80C32); when T1M = 1, Timer 1 uses CLKOUT/4.

CKCON.3

T0M - Timer 0 clock select. When T0M = 0, Timer 0 uses CLKOUT/12 (for compatibility with 80C32); when T0M = 1, Timer 0 uses CLKOUT/4.

CKCON.2-0

MD2, MD1, MD0 - Control the number of cycles to be used for external MOVX
instructions.

18.2.4 Timer 2
Timer 2 runs only in 16-bit mode and offers several capabilities not available with Timers 0 and 1.
The modes available with Timer 2 are:

16-bit timer/counter

16-bit timer with capture

16-bit auto-reload timer/counter

Baud rate generator.

The SFRs associated with Timer 2 are:

T2CON SFR C8h (Table 18-12)

RCAP2L SFR CAh - Used to capture the TL2 value when Timer 2 is configured for capture mode, or as the LSB of the 16-bit reload value when Timer 2 is configured for autoreload mode.

RCAP2H SFR CBh - Used to capture the TH2 value when Timer 2 is configured for
capture mode, or as the MSB of the 16-bit reload value when Timer 2 is configured for
auto-reload mode.

TL2 - SFR CCh Lower 8 bits of the 16-bit count.

TH2 - SFR CDh Upper 8 bits of the 16-bit count.

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18.2.4.1 Timer 2 Mode Control

Table 18-11 summarizes how the SFR Bits determine the Timer 2 mode.
Table 18-11. Timer 2 Mode Control Summary
RCLK

TCLK

CP/RL2

TR2

Mode

16-bit timer/counter with capture

16-bit timer/counter with auto-reload

Baud rate generator

Baud rate generator

Off

X = Dont care.

18.2.5 16-Bit Timer/Counter Mode

Figure 18-6 illustrates how Timer 2 operates in timer/counter mode with the optional capture feature. The C/T2 Bit determines whether the 16-bit counter counts CLKOUT cycles (divided by 4 or
12), or high-to-low transitions on the T2 pin. The TR2 Bit enables the counter. When the count
increments from FFFFh, the TF2 flag is set, and the T2OUT pin goes high for one CLKOUT cycle.

Chapter 18. 8051 Hardware Description

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Table 18-12. T2CON Register SFR C8h

Bit

Function

T2CON.7

TF2 - Timer 2 overflow flag. Hardware will set TF2 when the Timer 2 overflows from FFFFh.
TF2 must be cleared to 0 by the software. TF2 will only be set to a 1 if RCLK and TCLK are
both cleared to 0. Writing a 1 to TF2 forces a Timer 2 interrupt if enabled.

T2CON.6

EXF2 - Timer 2 external flag. Hardware will set EXF2 when a reload or capture is caused by
a high-to-low transition on the T2EX pin, and EXEN2 is set. EXF2 must be cleared to 0 by
the software. Writing a 1 to EXF2 forces a Timer 2 interrupt if enabled.

T2CON.5

RCLK - Receive clock flag. Determines whether Timer 1 or Timer 2 is used for Serial Port 0
timing of received data in serial mode 1 or 3. RCLK =1 selects Timer 2 overflow as the
receive clock. RCLK =0 selects Timer 1 overflow as the receive clock.

T2CON.4

TCLK - Transmit clock flag. Determines whether Timer 1 or Timer 2 is used for Serial Port 0
timing of transmit data in serial mode 1 or 3. RCLK =1 selects Timer 2 overflow as the transmit clock. RCLK =0 selects Timer 1 overflow as the transmit clock.

T2CON.3

EXEN2 - Timer 2 external enable. EXEN2 = 1 enables capture or reload to occur as a result
of a high-to-low transition on the T2EX pin, if Timer 2 is not generating baud rates for the
serial port. EXEN2 = 0 causes Timer 2 to ignore all external events on the T2EX pin.

T2CON.2

TR2 - Timer 2 run control flag. TR2 = 1 starts Timer 2. TR2 = 0 stops Timer 2.

T2CON.1

C/T2 - Counter/timer select. C/T2 = 0 selects a timer function for Timer 2. C/T2 = 1 selects a
counter of falling transitions on the T2 pin. When used as a timer, Timer 2 runs at 4 clocks
per tick or 12 clocks per tick as programmed by CKCON.5, in all modes except baud rate
generator mode. When used in baud rate generator mode, Timer 2 runs at 2 clocks per tick,
independent of the state of CKCON.5.

T2CON.0

CP/RL2 - Capture/reload flag. When CP/RL2 = 1, Timer 2 captures occur on high-to-low

transitions of the T2EX pin, if EXEN2 = 1. When CP/RL2 = 0, auto-reloads occur when Timer
2 overflows or when high-to-low transitions occur on the T2EX pin, if EXEN2 = 1. If either
RCLK or TCLK is set to 1, CP/RL2 will not function and Timer 2 will operate in auto-reload
mode following each overflow.

18.2.5.1 6-Bit Timer/Counter Mode with Capture

The Timer 2 capture mode (Figure 18-6) is the same as the 16-bit timer/counter mode, with the
addition of the capture registers and control signals.
The CP/RL2 Bit in the T2CON SFR enables the capture feature. When CP/RL2 = 1, a high-to-low
transition on the T2EX pin when EXEN2 = 1 causes the Timer 2 value to be loaded into the capture registers RCAP2L and RCAP2H.

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Divide by 12
CLKOUT

T2M
0
1

Divide by 4

C/ T2
CLK 0

7 8
TL2

15
TH2

T2 pin
RCAP2H

RCAP2L

TR2

78

15
TF2

EXEN2

CAPTURE
EXF2

T2EX pin

INT

Figure 18-6. Timer 2 - Timer/Counter with Capture

18.2.6 16-Bit Timer/Counter Mode with Auto-Reload

When CP/RL2 = 0, Timer 2 is configured for the auto-reload mode illustrated in Figure 18-7 Control
of counter input is the same as for the other 16-bit counter modes. When the count increments
from FFFFh, Timer 2 sets the TF2 flag and the starting value is reloaded into TL2 and TH2. The
software must preload the starting value into the RCAP2L and RCAP2H Registers.
When Timer 2 is in auto-reload mode, a reload can be forced by a high-to-low transition on the
T2EX pin, if enabled by EXEN2 = 1.

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Divide by 12
CLKOUT

T2M
0
1

Divide by 4

C/ T2

CLK

7 8

0
TL2

15
TH2

T2 pin
RCAP2L

TR2
0

RCAP2H
78

15

TF2

EXEN2
EXF2

T2EX pin

INT

Figure 18-7. Timer 2 - Timer/Counter with Auto Reload

18.2.7 Baud Rate Generator Mode

Setting either RCLK or TCLK to 1 configures Timer 2 to generate baud rates for Serial Port 0 in
serial mode 1 or 3. In baud rate generator mode, Timer 2 functions in auto-reload mode. However,
instead of setting the TF2 flag, the counter overflow is used to generate a shift clock for the serial
port function. As in normal auto-reload mode, the overflow also causes the pre-loaded start value
in the RCAP2L and RCAP2H Registers to be reloaded into the TL2 and TH2 Registers.
When either TCLK = 1 or RCLK = 1, Timer 2 is forced into auto-reload operation, regardless of the
state of the CP/RL2 Bit.
When operating as a baud rate generator, Timer 2 does not set the TF2 Bit. In this mode, a Timer
2 interrupt can only be generated by a high-to-low transition on the T2EX pin setting the EXF2 Bit,
and only if enabled by EXEN2 = 1.
The counter time base in baud rate generator mode is CLKOUT/2. To use an external clock
source, set C/T2 to 1 and apply the desired clock source to the T2 pin.

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TIMER 1 OVERFLOW
CLKOUT

Divide
by 2

C/ T2

Divide
by 2

CLK

SMOD1
0

T2 pin
7 8

TR2

TL2

15

RCLK

TH2
1

RX
CLOCK
Divide
by 16

TCLK
RCAP2L
0

EXEN2

EXF2

T2EX pin

RCAP2H
7 8

15

TIMER 2 INTERRUPT

Divide
by 16
TX
CLOCK

Figure 18-8. Timer 2 - Baud Rate Generator Mode

18.3 Serial Interface

The 8051 core provides two serial ports. Serial Port 0 is identical in operation to the standard 8051
serial port. Serial Port 1 is identical to Serial Port 0, except that Timer 2 cannot be used as the
baud rate generator for Serial Port 1.
Each serial port can operate in synchronous or asynchronous mode. In synchronous mode, 8051
generates the serial clock and the serial port operates in half-duplex mode. In asynchronous
mode, the serial port operates in full-duplex mode. In all modes, 8051 buffers received data in a
holding register, enabling the UART to receive an incoming byte before the software has read the
previous value.
Each serial port can operate in one of four modes, as outlined in Table 18-13.

Chapter 18. 8051 Hardware Description

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Table 18-13. Serial Port Modes

Sync/
Async

Baud Clock

Sync

CLKOUT/4 or CLKOUT/12

Async

Timer 1 or Timer 2

Async

CLKOUT/32 or CLKOUT/64

Async

Mode

Timer 1 or Timer 2
(1)

Data Bits

Start/Stop

9th Bit Function

None

None

1 start, 1 stop

None

1 start, 1 stop

0, 1, parity

1 start, 1 stop

0, 1, parity

Timer 2 available for Serial Port 0 only.

The SFRs associated with the serial ports are:

SCON0 - SFR 98h Serial Port 0 control (Table 18-14).

SBUF0 - SFR 99h Serial Port 0 buffer.

SCON1 - SFR C0h Serial Port 1 control (Table 18-15).

SBUF1 - SFR C1h Serial Port 1 buffer.

18.3.1 803x/805x Compatibility

The implementation of the serial interface is similar to that of the Intel 8052.

18.3.2 Mode 0
Serial mode 0 provides synchronous, half-duplex serial communication. For Serial Port 0, serial
data output occurs on the RXD0OUT pin, serial data is received on the RXD0 pin, and the TXD0
pin provides the shift clock for both transmit and receive. For Serial Port 1, the corresponding pins
are RXD1OUT, RXD1, and TXD1.
The serial mode 0 baud rate is either CLKOUT/12 or CLKOUT/4, depending on the state of the
SM2_0 Bit (or SM2_1 for Serial Port 1). When SM2_0 = 0, the baud rate is CLKOUT/12, when
SM2_0 = 1, the baud rate is CLKOUT/4.
Mode 0 operation is identical to the standard 8051. Data transmission begins when an instruction
writes to the SBUF0 (or SBUF1) SFR. The UART shifts the data, LSB first, at the selected baud
rate, until the 8-bit value has been shifted out.
Mode 0 data reception begins when the REN_0 (or REN_1) Bit is set and the RI_0 (or RI_1) Bit is
cleared in the corresponding SCON SFR. The shift clock is activated and the UART shifts data in
on each rising edge of the shift clock until 8 bits have been received. One machine cycle after the
8th bit is shifted in, the RI_0 (or RI_1) Bit is set and reception stops until the software clears the RI
Bit.

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Figure 18-9 through Figure 18-12 illustrate Serial Port Mode 0 transmit and receive timing for both
low-speed (CLKOUT/12) and high-speed (CLKOUT/4) operation.
Table 18-14. SCON0 Register SFR 98h
Bit

Function

SCON0.7

SM0_0 - Serial Port 0 mode bit 0.

SCON0.6

SM1_0 - Serial Port 0 mode bit 1, decoded as:

SM0_0 SM1_0 Mode

SCON0.5

SM2_0 - Multiprocessor communication enable. In modes 2 and 3, this bit enables the multiprocessor communication feature. If SM2_0 = 1 in mode 2 or 3, then RI_0 will not be activated
if the received 9th bit is 0.
If SM2_0=1 in mode 1, then RI_0 will only be activated if a valid stop is received. In mode 0,
SM2_0 establishes the baud rate: when SM2_0=0, the baud rate is CLKOUT/12; when
SM2_0=1, the baud rate is CLKOUT/4.

SCON0.4

REN_0 - Receive enable. When REN_0=1, reception is enabled.

SCON0.3

TB8_0 - Defines the state of the 9th data bit transmitted in modes 2 and 3.

SCON0.2

RB8_0 - In modes 2 and 3, RB8_0 indicates the state of the 9th bit received. In mode 1, RB8_0
indicates the state of the received stop bit. In mode 0, RB8_0 is not used.

SCON0.1

TI_0 - Transmit interrupt flag. indicates that the transmit data word has been shifted out. In
mode 0, TI_0 is set at the end of the 8th data bit. In all other modes, TI_0 is set when the stop
bit is placed on the TXD0 pin. TI_0 must be cleared by firmware.

SCON0.0

RI_0 - Receive interrupt flag. Indicates that serial data word has been received. In mode 0,
RI_0 is set at the end of the 8th data bit. In mode 1, RI_0 is set after the last sample of the
incoming stop bit, subject to the state of SM2_0. In modes 2 and 3, RI_0 is set at the end of the
last sample of RB8_0. RI_0 must be cleared by firmware.

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Table 18-15. SCON1 Register SFR C0h

Bit

Function

SCON1.7

SM0_1 - Serial Port 1 mode bit 0.

SCON1.6

SM1_1 - Serial Port 1 mode bit 1, decoded as:

SM0_1 SM1_1 Mode

SCON1.5

SM2_1 - Multiprocessor communication enable. In modes 2 and 3, this bit enables the
multiprocessor communication feature. If SM2_1 = 1 in mode 2 or 3, then RI_1 will not be
activated if the received 9th bit is 0.
If SM2_1=1 in mode 1, then RI_1 will only be activated if a valid stop is received. In mode
0, SM2_1 establishes the baud rate: when SM2_1=0, the baud rate is CLKOUT/12; when
SM2_1=1, the baud rate is CLKOUT/4.

SCON1.4

REN_1 - Receive enable. When REN_1=1, reception is enabled.

SCON1.3

TB8_1 - Defines the state of the 9th data bit transmitted in modes 2 and 3.

SCON1.2

RB8_1 - In modes 2 and 3, RB8_0 indicates the state of the 9th bit received. In mode 1,
RB8_1 indicates the state of the received stop bit. In mode 0, RB8_1 is not used.

SCON1.1

TI_1 - Transmit interrupt flag. indicates that the transmit data word has been shifted out. In
mode 0, TI_1 is set at the end of the 8th data bit. In all other modes, TI_1 is set when the
stop bit is placed on the TXD0 pin. TI_1 must be cleared by the software.

SCON1.0

RI_1 - Receive interrupt flag. Indicates that serial data word has been received. In mode 0,
RI_1 is set at the end of the 8th data bit. In mode 1, RI_1 is set after the last sample of the
incoming stop bit, subject to the state of SM2_1. In modes 2 and 3, RI_1 is set at the end
of the last sample of RB8_1. RI_1 must be cleared by the software.

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

CLKOUT
PSEN
D0

RXD0

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D6

D7

RXD0OUT
TXD0
TI
RI

Figure 18-9. Serial Port Mode 0 Receive Timing - Low Speed Operation

CLKOUT
PSEN
RXD0

D0

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D6

D7

RXD0OUT
TXD0
TI
RI

Figure 18-10. Serial Port Mode 0 Receive Timing - High Speed Operation

Chapter 18. 8051 Hardware Description

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

CLKOUT
PSEN
RXD0
RXD0OUT

D0

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D6

D7

TXD0
TI
RI

Figure 18-11. Serial Port Mode 0 Transmit Timing - Low Speed Operation

CLKOUT
PSEN
RXD0
RXD0OUT

D0

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D6

D7

TXD0
TI
RI

Figure 18-12. Serial Port Mode 0 Transmit Timing - High Speed Operation

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18.3.3 Mode 1
Mode 1 provides standard asynchronous, full-duplex communication, using a total of 10 bits: 1
start bit, 8 data bits, and 1 stop bit. For receive operations, the stop bit is stored in RB8_0 (or
RB8_1). Data bits are received and transmitted LSB first.

18.3.3.1 Mode 1 Baud Rate

The mode 1 baud rate is a function of timer overflow. Serial Port 0 can use either Timer 1 or Timer
2 to generate baud rates. Serial Port 1 can only use Timer 1. The two serial ports can run at the
same baud rate if they both use Timer 1, or different baud rates if Serial Port 0 uses Timer 2 and
Serial Port 1 uses Timer 1.
Each time the timer increments from its maximum count (FFh for Timer 1 or FFFFh for Timer 2), a
clock is sent to the baud rate circuit. The clock is then divided by 16 to generate the baud rate.
When using Timer 1, the SMOD0 (or SMOD1) Bit selects whether or not to divide the Timer 1 rollover rate by 2. Therefore, when using Timer 1, the baud rate is determined by the equation:
SMODx
2

Baud Rate =

x Timer 1 Overflow

32

SMOD0 is SFR Bit PCON.7; SMOD1 is SFR Bit EICON.7.

When using Timer 2, the baud rate is determined by the equation:

Baud Rate =

Timer 2 Overflow
16

To use Timer 1 as the baud rate generator, it is best to use Timer 1 mode 2 (8-bit counter with autoreload), although any counter mode can be used. The Timer 1 reload is stored in the TH1 Register,
which makes the complete formula for Timer 1:

Baud Rate =

2
32

SMODx
x

CLKOUT
12 x (256 - TH1)

The 12 in the denominator in the above equation can be changed to 4 by setting the T1M Bit in the
CKCON SFR. To derive the required TH1 value from a known baud rate (when TM1 = 0), use the
equation:

TH1 =

256 -

SMODx
2
x CLKOUT
384 x Baud Rate

Chapter 18. 8051 Hardware Description

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You can also achieve very low serial port baud rates from Timer 1 by enabling the Timer 1 interrupt, configuring Timer 1 to mode 1, and using the Timer 1 interrupt to initiate a 16-bit software
reload. Table 18-16 lists sample reload values for a variety of common serial port baud rates.

More accurate baud rates are achieved by using Timer 2 as the baud rate generator (next section).
Table 18-16. Timer 1 Reload Values for Common Serial Port Mode 1 Baud Rates
Nominal Rate

24 MHz
Divisor

Reload Value

Actual
Rate

Error

57600

FA

62500

8.5%

38400

10

F6

37500

-2.3%

28800

13

F3

28846

+0.16%

19200

20

EC

18750

-2.3%

9600

39

D9

9615

+0.16%

4800

78

B2

4807

+0.15%

2400

156

64

2403

+.13%

Settings: SMOD =1, C/T=0, Timer1 mode=2, TIM=1

Note: Using rates that are off by 2.3% or more will not work in all systems.

To use Timer 2 as the baud rate generator, configure Timer 2 in auto-reload mode and set the
TCLK and/or RCLK Bits in the T2CON SFR. TCLK selects Timer 2 as the baud rate generator for
the transmitter; RCLK selects Timer 2 as the baud rate generator for the receiver. The 16-bit
reload value for Timer 2 is stored in the RCAP2L and RCA2H SFRs, which makes the equation for
the Timer 2 baud rate:

Baud Rate =

CLKOUT
32 x (65536 - RCAP2H,RCAP2L)

where RCAP2H,RCAP2L is the content of RCAP2H and RCAP2L taken as a 16-bit unsigned
number.
The 32 in the denominator is the result of CLKOUT being divided by 2 and the Timer 2 overflow
being divided by 16. Setting TCLK or RCLK to 1 automatically causes CLKOUT to be divided by 2,
as shown in Figure 18-8, instead of the 4 or 12 as determined by the T2M Bit in the CKCON SFR.
To derive the required RCAP2H and RCAP2L values from a known baud rate, use the equation:

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RCAP2H,RCAP2L =

CLKOUT

65536 -

32 x Baud Rate

When either RCLK or TCLK is set, the TF2 flag is not set on a Timer 2 roll over, and the T2EX
reload trigger is disabled.
Table 18-17. Timer 2 Reload Values for Common Serial Port Mode 1 Baud Rates
Nominal Rate

C/T2

Divisor

Reload Val

Actual Rate

Error

57600

13

F3

57692.31

0.16%

38400

20

EC

37500

-2.34%

28800

26

E6

28846.15

0.16%

19200

39

D9

19230.77

0.16%

9600

78

B2

9615.385

0.16%

4800

156

64

4807.692

0.16%

2400

312

FEC8

2403.846

0.16%

Note: using rates that are off by 2.3% or more will not work in all systems.

18.3.3.2 Mode 1 Transmit

Figure 18-13 illustrates the mode 1 transmit timing. In mode 1, the UART begins transmitting after
the first roll over of the divide-by-16 counter after the software writes to the SBUF0 (or SBUF1)
Register. The UART transmits data on the TXD0 (or TXD1) pin in the following order: start bit, 8
data bits (LSB first), stop bit. The TI_0 (or TI_1) Bit is set 2 CLKOUT cycles after the stop bit is
transmitted.

18.3.4 Mode 1 Receive

Figure 18-14 illustrates the mode 1 receive timing. Reception begins at the falling edge of a start
bit received on the RXD0 (or RXD1) pin, when enabled by the REN_0 (or REN_1) Bit. For this purpose, the RXD0 (or RXD1) pin is sampled 16 times per bit for any baud rate. When a falling edge
of a start bit is detected, the divide-by-16 counter used to generate the receive clock is reset to
align the counter roll over to the bit boundaries.
For noise rejection, the serial port establishes the content of each received bit by a majority decision of 3 consecutive samples in the middle of each bit time. This is especially true for the start bit.
If the falling edge on the RXD0 (or RXD1) pin is not verified by a majority decision of 3 consecutive
samples (low), then the serial port stops reception and waits for another falling edge on the RXD0
(or RXD1) pin.

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At the middle of the stop bit time, the serial port checks for the following conditions:

RI_0 (or RI_1) = 0, and

If SM2_0 (or SM2_1) = 1, the state of the stop bit is 1.

(If SM2_0 (or SM2_1) = 0, the state of the stop bit doesnt matter.)

If the above conditions are met, the serial port then writes the received byte to the SBUF0 (or
SBUF1) Register, loads the stop bit into RB8_0 (or RB8_1), and sets the RI_0 (or RI_1) Bit. If the
above conditions are not met, the received data is lost, the SBUF Register and RB8 Bit are not
loaded, and the RI Bit is not set.
After the middle of the stop bit time, the serial port waits for another high-to-low transition on the
(RXD0 or RXD1) pin.
Mode 1 operation is identical to that of the standard 8051 when Timers 1 and 2 use CLKOUT/12
(the default).

Write to
SBUF0
TX CLK
SHIFT
TXD0

START

D0

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D6

D7

STOP

RXD0
RXD0OUT
TI_0
RI_0

Figure 18-13. Serial Port 0 Mode 1 Transmit Timing

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

RX CLK
RXD0

START D0

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D6

D7

STOP

Bit detector
sampling
SHIFT
RXD0OUT
TXD0
TI_0
RI_0

Figure 18-14. Serial Port 0 Mode 1 Receive Timing

18.3.5 Mode 2
Mode 2 provides asynchronous, full-duplex communication, using a total of 11 bits: 1 start bit, 8
data bits, a programmable 9th bit, and 1 stop bit. The data bits are transmitted and received LSB
first. For transmission, the 9th bit is determined by the value in TB8_0 (or TB8_1). To use the 9th
bit as a parity bit, move the value of the P Bit (SFR PSW.0) to TB8_0 (or TB8_1).
The mode 2 baud rate is either CLKOUT/32 or CLKOUT/64, as determined by the SMOD0 (or
SMOD1) Bit. The formula for the mode 2 baud rate is:

Baud Rate =

SMODx
x CLKOUT
64

Mode 2 operation is identical to the standard 8051.

18.3.5.1 Mode 2 Transmit

Figure 18-15 illustrates the mode 2 transmit timing. Transmission begins after the first roll over of
the divide-by-16 counter following a software write to SBUF0 (or SBUF1). The UART shifts data
out on the TXD0 (or TXD1) pin in the following order: start bit, data bits (LSB first), 9th bit, stop bit.
The TI_0 (or TI_1) Bit is set when the stop bit is placed on the TXD0 (or TXD1) pin.

Chapter 18. 8051 Hardware Description

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18.3.5.2 Mode 2 Receive

Figure 18-16 illustrates the mode 2 receive timing. Reception begins at the falling edge of a start
bit received on the RXD0 (or RXD1) pin, when enabled by the REN_0 (or REN_1) Bit. For this purpose, the RXD0 (or RXD1) pin is sampled 16 times per bit for any baud rate. When a falling edge
of a start bit is detected, the divide-by-16 counter used to generate the receive clock is reset to
align the counter roll over to the bit boundaries.
For noise rejection, the serial port establishes the content of each received bit by a majority decision of 3 consecutive samples in the middle of each bit time. This is especially true for the start bit.
If the falling edge on the RXD0 (or RXD1) pin is not verified by a majority decision of 3 consecutive
samples (low), then the serial port stops reception and waits for another falling edge on the RXD0
(or RXD1) pin.
At the middle of the stop bit time, the serial port checks for the following conditions:

RI_0 (or RI_1) = 0, and

If SM2_0 (or SM2_1) = 1, the state of the stop bit is 1.

(If SM2_0 (or SM2_1) = 0, the state of the stop bit doesnt matter.)

If the above conditions are met, the serial port then writes the received byte to the SBUF0 (or
SBUF1) Register, loads the stop bit into RB8_0 (or RB8_1), and sets the RI_0 (or RI_1) Bit. If the
above conditions are not met, the received data is lost, the SBUF Register and RB8 Bit are not
loaded, and the RI Bit is not set. After the middle of the stop bit time, the serial port waits for
another high-to-low transition on the RXD0 (or RXD1) pin.

Write to
SBUF0
TX CLK
SHIFT
TXD0

START D0

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D6

D7

TB8

STOP

RXD0
RXD0OUT
TI_0
RI_0

Figure 18-15. Serial Port 0 Mode 2 Transmit Timing

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

RX CLK
RXD0

START D0

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D6

D7

RB8

STOP

Bit detector
sampling
SHIFT
RXD0OUT
TXD0
TI_0
RI_0

Figure 18-16. Serial Port 0 Mode 2 Receive Timing

18.3.6 Mode 3
Mode 3 provides asynchronous, full-duplex communication, using a total of 11 bits: 1 start bit, 8
data bits, a programmable 9th bit, and 1 stop bit. The data bits are transmitted and received LSB
first.
The mode 3 transmit and operations are identical to mode 2. The mode 3 baud rate generation is
identical to mode 1. That is, mode 3 is a combination of mode 2 protocol and mode 1 baud rate.
Figure 18-17 illustrates the mode 3 transmit timing.
Mode 3 operation is identical to that of the standard 8051 when Timers 1 and 2 use CLKOUT/12
(the default).

Chapter 18. 8051 Hardware Description

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Write to
SBUF0
TX CLK
SHIFT
TXD0

START D0

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D6

D7

TB8

STOP

RXD0
RXD0OUT
TI_0
RI_0

Figure 18-17. Serial Port 0 Mode 3 Transmit Timing

RX CLK
RXD0

START D0

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D6

D7

RB8 STOP

Bit detector
sampling
SHIFT
RXD0OUT
TXD0
TI_0
RI_0

Figure 18-18. Serial Port 0 Mode 3 Receive Timing

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

18.3.7 Multiprocessor Communications

The multiprocessor communication feature is enabled in modes 2 and 3 when the SM2 Bit is set in
the SCON SFR for a serial port (SM2_0 for Serial Port 0, SM2_1 for Serial Port 1). In multiprocessor communication mode, the 9th bit received is stored in RB8_0 (or RB8_1) and, after the stop bit
is received, the serial port interrupt is activated only if RB8_0 (or RB8_1) = 1.
A typical use for the multiprocessor communication feature is when a master wants to send a block
of data to one of several slaves. The master first transmits an address byte that identifies the target
slave. When transmitting an address byte, the master sets the 9th bit to 1; for data bytes, the 9th
bit is 0.
With SM2_0 (or SM2_1) = 1, no slave will be interrupted by a data byte. However, an address byte
interrupts all slaves so that each slave can examine the received address byte to determine
whether that slave is being addressed. Address decoding must be done by software during the
interrupt service routine. The addressed slave clears its SM2_0 (or SM2_1) Bit and prepares to
receive the data bytes. The slaves that are not being addressed leave the SM2_0 (or SM2_1) Bit
set and ignore the incoming data bytes.

18.3.8 Interrupt SFRs

The following SFRs are associated with interrupt control:

IE - SFR A8h (Table 18-18)

IP - SFR B8h (Table 18-19)

EXIF - SFR 91h (Table 18-20)

EICON - SFR D8h (Table 18-21)

EIE - SFR E8h (Table 18-22)

EIP - SFR F8h (Table 18-23).

The IE and IP SFRs provide interrupt enable and priority control for the standard interrupt unit, as
with the standard 8051. Additionally, these SFRs provide control bits for the Serial Port 1 interrupt.
These bits (ES1 and PS1) are available only when the extended interrupt unit is implemented
(ext_intr=1). Otherwise, they are read as 0.
Bits ES0, ES1, ET2, PS0, PS1, and PT2 are present, but not used, when the corresponding module is not implemented.
The EXIF, EICON, EIE and EIP Registers provide flags, enable control, and priority control for the
optional extended interrupt unit.

Chapter 18. 8051 Hardware Description

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Table 18-18. IE Register SFR A8h

Bit

Function

IE.7

EA - Global interrupt enable. Controls masking of all interrupts except USB wakeup
(resume). EA = 0 disables all interrupts except USB wakeup. When EA = 1, interrupts are
enabled or masked by their individual enable bits.

IE.6

ES1 - Enable Serial Port 1 interrupt. ES1 = 0 disables Serial port 1 interrupts (TI_1 and
RI_1). ES1 = 1 enables interrupts generated by the TI_1 or TI_1 flag.

IE.5

ET2 - Enable Timer 2 interrupt. ET2 = 0 disables Timer 2 interrupt (TF2). ET2=1 enables
interrupts generated by the TF2 or EXF2 flag.

IE.4

ES0 - Enable Serial Port 0 interrupt. ES0 = 0 disables Serial Port 0 interrupts (TI_0 and
RI_0). ES0=1 enables interrupts generated by the TI_0 or RI_0 flag.

IE.3

ET1 - Enable Timer 1 interrupt. ET1 = 0 disables Timer 1 interrupt (TF1). ET1=1 enables
interrupts generated by the TF1 flag.

IE.2

EX1 - Enable external interrupt 1. EX1 = 0 disables external interrupt 1 (INT1). EX1=1
enables interrupts generated by the INT1# pin.

IE.1

ET0 - Enable Timer 0 interrupt. ET0 = 0 disables Timer 0 interrupt (TF0). ET0=1 enables
interrupts generated by the TF0 flag.

IE.0

EX0 - Enable external interrupt 0. EX0 = 0 disables external interrupt 0 (INT0). EX0=1
enables interrupts generated by the INT0# pin.

Table 18-19. IP Register SFR B8h

Bit

Page 18-28

Function

IP.7

Reserved. Read as 1.

IP.6

PS1 - Serial Port 1 interrupt priority control. PS1=0 sets Serial Port 1 interrupt
(TI_1 or RI_1) to low priority. PS1=1 sets Serial port 1 interrupt to high priority.

IP.5

PT2 - Timer 2 interrupt priority control. PT2=0 sets Timer 2 interrupt (TF2) to low
priority. PT2=1 sets Timer 2 interrupt to high priority.

IP.4

PS0 - Serial Port 0 interrupt priority control. PS0=0 sets Serial Port 0 interrupt
(TI_0 or RI_0) to low priority. PS0=1 sets Serial Port 0 interrupt to high priority.

IP.3

PT2 - Timer 1 interrupt priority control. PT1 = 0 sets Timer 1 interrupt (TF1) to low
priority. PT1=1 sets Timer 1 interrupt to high priority.

IP.2

PX1 - External interrupt 1 priority control. PX 1= 0 sets external interrupt 1 (INT1)

to low priority. PT1 = 1 sets external interrupt 1 to high priority.

IP.1

PT0 - Timer 0 interrupt priority control. PT0 = 0 sets Timer 0 interrupt (TF0) to low
priority. PT0=1 sets Timer 0 interrupt to high priority.

IP.0

PX0 - External interrupt 0 priority control. PX0 = 0 sets external interrupt 0 (INT0)
to low priority. PX0=1 sets external interrupt 0 to high priority.

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

Table 18-20. EXIF Register SFR 91h

Bit

Function

EXIF.7

IE5 - External interrupt 5 flag. IE 5= 1 indicates a falling edge was detected at

the INT5# pin. IE5 must be cleared by software. Setting IE5 in software generates an interrupt, if enabled.

EXIF.6

IE4 - External interrupt 4 flag. IE4 indicates a rising edge was detected at the
INT4 pin. IE4 must be cleared by software. Setting IE4 in software generates
an interrupt, if enabled.

EXIF.5

I2CINT - External interrupt 3 flag. The INT3 interrupt is internally connected

to the EZ-USB FX I 2C controller and renamed I2CINT. I2CINT = 1 indicates
an I 2C interrupt. I2CINT must be cleared by software. Setting I2CINT in software generates an interrupt, if enabled.

EXIF.4

USBINT - External interrupt 2 flag. The INT2 interrupt is internally connected to the EZ-USB FX interrupt and renamed USBINT. USBINT = 1 indicates an USB interrupt. USBINT must be cleared by software. Setting
USBINT in software generates an interrupt, if enabled.

EXIF.3

Reserved. Read as 1.

EXIF.2-0

Reserved. Read as 0.

Table 18-21. EICON Register SFR D8h

Bit

Function

EICON.7

SMOD1 - Serial Port 1 baud rate doubler enable. When SMOD1 = 1 the
baud rate for Serial Port is doubled.

EICON.6

Reserved. Read as 1.

EICON.5

ERESI - Enable resume interrupt. ERESI = 0 disables resume interrupt

(RESI). ERESI = 1 enables interrupts generated by the resume event.

EICON.4

RESI - Wakeup interrupt flag. EICON.4 = 1 indicates a negative transition

was detected at the WAKEUP# pin, or that USB has activity resumed from
the suspended state. EICON.4 = 1 must be cleared by software before exiting the interrupt service routine, otherwise the interrupt occurs again. Setting EICON.4=1 in software generates a wakeup interrupt, if enabled.

EICON.3

INT6 - External interrupt 6. When INT6 = 1, the INT6 pin has detected a low
to high transition. INT6 will remain active until cleared by writing a 0 to this
bit. Setting this bit in software generates an INT6 interrupt in enabled.

EICON.2-0

Reserved. Read as 0.

Chapter 18. 8051 Hardware Description

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Table 18-22. EIE Register SFR E8h

Bit
EIE.7-5

Function
Reserved. Read as 1.

EIE.4

EX6 - Enable external interrupt 6. EX6 = 0 disables external interrupt 6

(INT6). EX6 = 1 enables interrupts generated by the INT6 pin.

EIE.3

EX5 - Enable external interrupt 5. EX5 = 0 disables external interrupt 5

(INT5). EX5 = 1 enables interrupts generated by the INT5# pin.

EIE.2

EX4 - Enable external interrupt 4. EX4 = 0 disables external interrupt 4

(INT4). EX4 = 1 enables interrupts generated by the INT4 pin.

EIE.1

EI2C - Enable external interrupt 3. EI2C = 0 disables external interrupt 3

(INT3). EI2C = 1 enables interrupts generated by the I 2C interface.

EIE.0

EUSB - Enable USB interrupt. EUSB = 0 disables USB interrupts. EUSB = 1

enables interrupts generated by the USB Interface.

Table 18-23. EIP Register SFR F8h

Bit
EIP.7-5

Function
Reserved. Read as 1.

EIP.4

PX6 - External interrupt 6 priority control. PX6 = 0 sets external interrupt 6

(INT6) to low priority. PX6 = 1 sets external interrupt 6 to high priority.

EIP.3

PX5 - External interrupt 5 priority control. PX5 = 0 sets external interrupt 5

(INT5#) to low priority. PX5=1 sets external interrupt 5 to high priority.

EIP.2

PX4 - External interrupt 4 priority control. PX4 = 0 sets external interrupt 4

(INT4) to low priority. PX4=1 sets external interrupt 4 to high priority.

EIP.1

PI2C - External interrupt 3 priority control. PI2C = 0 sets I 2C interrupt to low

priority. PI2C=1 sets I 2C interrupt to high priority.

EIP.0

PUSB - External interrupt 2 priority control. PUSB = 0 sets USB interrupt to

low priority. PUSB=1 sets USB interrupt to high priority.

18.4 Interrupt Processing

When an enabled interrupt occurs, the 8051 core vectors to the address of the interrupt service
routine (ISR) associated with that interrupt, as listed in Table 18-24. The 8051 core executes the
ISR to completion unless another interrupt of higher priority occurs. Each ISR ends with a RETI
(return from interrupt) instruction. After executing the RETI, the CPU returns to the next instruction
that would have been executed if the interrupt had not occurred.
An ISR can only be interrupted by a higher priority interrupt. That is, an ISR for a low-level interrupt
can only be interrupted by high-level interrupt. An ISR for a high-level interrupt can only be interrupted by the resume interrupt.

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The 8051 core always completes the instruction in progress before servicing an interrupt. If the
instruction in progress is RETI, or a write access to any of the IP, IE, EIP, or EIE SFRs, the 8051
core completes one additional instruction before servicing the interrupt.

18.4.1 Interrupt Masking

The EA Bit in the IE SFR (IE.7) is a global enable for all interrupts except the USB wakeup
(resume) interrupt. When EA = 1, each interrupt is enabled or masked by its individual enable bit.
When EA = 0, all interrupts are masked, except the USB wakeup interrupt.
Table 18-25 provides a summary of interrupt sources, flags, enables, and priorities.
Table 18-24. Interrupt Natural Vectors and Priorities
Interrupt

Description

Natural Priority

Interrupt Vector

RESUME

USB Wakeup (resume) interrupt

33h

INT0

External interrupt 0

03h

TF0

Timer 0 interrupt

0Bh

INT1

External interrupt 1

13h

TF1

Timer 1 interrupt

1Bh

TI_0 or RI_0

Serial port 0 interrupt

23h

TF2 or EXF2

Timer 2 interrupt

2Bh

TI_1 or RI_1

Serial port 1 interrupt

3Bh

INT2

USB interrupt

INT3

I C interrupt

43h

4Bh

INT4

External interrupt 4

53h

INT5

External interrupt 5

11

5Bh

INT6

External interrupt 6

12

63H

18.4.1.1 Interrupt Priorities

There are two stages of interrupt priority assignment, interrupt level and natural priority. The interrupt level (highest, high, or low) takes precedence over natural priority. The USB wakeup interrupt,
if enabled, always has highest priority and is the only interrupt that can have highest priority. All
other interrupts can be assigned either high or low priority.
In addition to an assigned priority level (high or low), each interrupt also has a natural priority, as
listed in Table 18-24. Simultaneous interrupts with the same priority level (for example, both high)
are resolved according to their natural priority. For example, if INT0 and INT2 are both programmed as high priority, INT0 takes precedence due to its higher natural priority.

Chapter 18. 8051 Hardware Description

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

Once an interrupt is being serviced, only an interrupt of higher priority level can interrupt the service routine of the interrupt currently being serviced.
Table 18-25. Interrupt Flags, Enables, and Priority Control
Description

Flag

Enable

Priority
Control

RESUME

Resume interrupt

EICON.4

EICON.5

N/A

INT0

External interrupt 0

TCON.1

IE.0

IP.0

TF0

Timer 0 interrupt

TCON.5

IE.1

IP.1

INT1

External interrupt 1

TCON.3

IE.2

IP.2

Interrupt

TF1

Timer 1 interrupt

TCON.7

IE.3

IP.3

TI_0 or RI_0

Serial port 0 transmit or receive

SCON0.0 (RI.0), SCON0.1

(Ti_0)

IE.4

IP.4

TF2 or EXF2

Timer 2 interrupt

T2CON.7 (TF2), T2CON.6

(EXF2)

IE.5

IP.5

TI_1 or RI_1

Serial port 1 transmit or receive

SCON1.0 (RI_1),
SCON1.1 (TI_1)

IE.6

IP.6

USB (INT2)

USB interrupt

EXIF.4

EIE.0

EIP.0

I C (INT3)

I C interrupt

EXIT.5

EIE.1

EIP.1

INT4

External interrupt 4

EXIF.6

EIE.2

EIP.2

INT5

External interrupt 5

EXIF.7

EIE.3

EIP.3

INT6

External INT 6

EICON.3

EIE.4

EIP.4

18.4.2 Interrupt Sampling

The internal timers and serial ports generate interrupts by setting their respective SFR interrupt
flag bits. External interrupts are sampled once per instruction cycle.
INT0 and INT1 are both active low and can be programmed to be either edge-sensitive or levelsensitive, through the IT0 and IT1 Bits in the TCON SFR. For example, when IT0 = 0, INT0 is
level-sensitive and the 8051 core sets the IE0 flag when the INT0# pin is sampled low. When IT0
= 1, INT0 is edge-sensitive and the 8051 sets the IE0 flag when the INT0# pin is sampled high
then low on consecutive samples.
The remaining five interrupts (INT 4-6, USB & I 2C Interrupts) are edge-sensitive only. INT6 and
INT4 are active high and INT5 is active low.
To ensure that edge-sensitive interrupts are detected, the corresponding ports should be held high
for 4 CLKOUT cycles and then low for 4 CLKOUT cycles. Level-sensitive interrupts are not latched
and must remain active until serviced.

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18.4.3 Interrupt Latency

Interrupt response time depends on the current state of the 8051. The fastest response time is 5
instruction cycles: 1 to detect the interrupt, and 4 to perform the LCALL to the ISR.
The maximum latency (13 instruction cycles) occurs when the 8051 is currently executing a RETI
instruction followed by a MUL or DIV instruction. The 13 instruction cycles in this case are: 1 to
detect the interrupt, 3 to complete the RETI, 5 to execute the DIV or MUL, and 4 to execute the
LCALL to the ISR. For the maximum latency case, the response time is 13 x 4 = 52 CLKOUT
cycles.

18.4.4 Single-Step Operation

The 8051 interrupt structure provides a way to perform single-step program execution. When exiting an ISR with an RETI instruction, the 8051 will always execute at least one instruction of the
task program. Therefore, once an ISR is entered, it cannot be re-entered until at least one program
instruction is executed.
To perform single-step execution, program one of the external interrupts (for example,INT0) to be
level-sensitive and write an ISR for that interrupt the terminates as follows:

JNB TCON.1,$
JB
TCON.1,$
RETI

; wait for high on INT0# pin

; wait for low on INT0# pin
; return for ISR

The CPU enters the ISR when the INT0# pin goes low, then waits for a pulse on INT0#. Each time
INT0# is pulsed, the CPU exits the ISR, executes one program instruction, then re-enters the ISR.

18.5 Reset
The 8051 RESET pin is internally connected to an EZ-USB FX register bit that is controllable
through the USB host. See Chapter 13. "EZ-USB FX Resets" for details.

Chapter 18. 8051 Hardware Description

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EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

18.6 Power Saving Modes

18.6.1 Idle Mode

An instruction that sets the IDLE Bit (PCON.0) causes the 8051 to enter idle mode when that
instruction completes. In idle mode, CPU processing is suspended, and internal registers maintain
their current data. When the 8051 core is in idle, the USB core enters suspend mode and shuts
down the 24 MHz oscillator. See Chapter 14. "EZ-USB FX Power Management" for a full description of the Suspend/Resume process.
Table 18-26. PCON Register SFR 87h
Bit

Function

PCON.7

SMOD0 - Serial Port 0 baud rate double enable. When SMOD0 = 1, the
baud rate for Serial Port 0 is doubled.

PCON.6-4

Reserved.

PCON.3

GF1 - General purpose flag 1. Bit-addressable, general purpose flag for

software control.

PCON.2

GF0 - General purpose flag 0. Bit-addressable, general purpose flag for

software control.

PCON.1

This bit should always be set to 0.

PCON.0

IDLE - Idle mode select. Setting the IDLE Bit places the 8051 in idle
mode.

If the EZ-USB FX WAKEUP# pin is tied low, setting PCON.0 high does not put the 8051 into IDLE
state.

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EZ-USB FX Register Summary

The following table is a summary of all the EZ-USB FX Registers.

Register Summary

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

EZ-USB FX

Addr

Name

EZ-USB FX Register Summary

Description

D7

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

Default

Access

Notes

FIFO A-IN
7800

AINDATA

Read Data from FIFO A

D7

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

xxxxxxxx

7801

AINBC

Input FIFO A Byte Count

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

00000000

7802

AINPF

LTGT

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

00100000

RW

Default: half empty

7803

AINPFPIN

FIFO A-IN Programmable Flag (internal

bit)
FIFO A-IN Programmable Flag (external
pin)
(reserved)

LTGT

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

00000000

RW

LTGT = 0: Flag is true (1) if Bytes in FIFO <= BCNT

7804

R, r = read-only,

LTGT = 1: Flag is true (1) if Bytes in FIFO >= BCNT

FIFO B-IN

Default: empty

7805

BINDATA

Read Data from FIFO B

D7

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

xxxxxxxx

7806

BINBC

Input FIFO B Byte Count

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

00000000

7807

BINPF

LTGT

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

00100000

RW

Default: half empty

7808

BINPFPIN

FIFO B-IN Programmable Flag (internal

bit)
FIFO B-IN Programmable Flag (external
pin)
(reserved)

LTGT

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

00000000

RW

LTGT = 0: Flag is true (1) if Bytes in FIFO <= BCNT

7809

LTGT = 1: Flag is true (1) if Bytes in FIFO >= BCNT

FIFO A/B-IN Control

780A

ABINCS

Input FIFOS Toggle control and flags

780B

ABINIE

780C

ABINIRQ

780D

W, w = write-only

Default: empty
INTOG

INSEL

AINPF

AINEF

AINFF

BINPF

BINEF

BINFF

01110110 bbrrrrrr FF=Full Flag, EF=Empty Flag, PF=Programmable Flag

Input FIFO Interrupt Enables

AINPF

AINEF

AINFF

BINPF

BINEF

BINFF

00000000

RW

Input FIFO Interrupt Requests

AINPF

AINEF

AINFF

BINPF

BINEF

BINFF

xxxxxxxx

RW

D7

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

xxxxxxxx

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

00000000

LTGT

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

10100000

RW

"INT" suffix means internal, 8051-accessible bits. Default: half-full

LTGT

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

11000000

RW

Default: full

D7

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

xxxxxxxx

RW = Read or Write,

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

00000000

LTGT

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

10100000

RW

"PIN" suffix means external pin flags. Default: half-full

LTGT

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

11000000

RW

Default: full

PF=Programmable Flag,

INSEL: 1=A-FIFO, 0=B-FIFO

(reserved)

FIFO A-OUT
780E

AOUTDATA

Load Output FIFO A

780F

AOUTBC

Output FIFO A Byte Count

7810

AOUTPF

7811

AOUTPFPIN

FIFO A-OUT Programmable Flag

(internal bit)
FIFO A-OUT Programmable Flag
(external pin)
(reserved)

7812

FIFO B-OUT
7813

BOUTDATA

Load Output FIFO B

7814

BOUTBC

Output FIFO B Byte Count

7815

BOUTPF

7816

BOUTPFPIN

FIFO B-OUT Programmable Flag

(internal bit)
FIFO B-OUT Programmable Flag
(external pin)
(reserved)

7817

FIFO A/B OUT Control

7818

ABOUTCS

Output FIFOS Toggle control and flags

OUTTOG

OUTSEL

AOUTPF

AOUTEF

AOUTFF

BOUTPF

BOUTEF

BOUTFF

01010010

RW

7819

ABOUTIE

Output FIFO Interrupt Enables

AOUTPF

AOUTEF

AOUTFF

BOUTPF

BOUTEF

BOUTFF

00000000

RW

781A

ABOUTIRQ

Output FIFO Interrupt Requests

AOUTPF

AOUTEF

AOUTFF

BOUTPF

BOUTEF

BOUTFF

xxxxxxxx

RW

781B

(reserved)
FIFO A/B Global Control

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

RegSum - 1

EZ-USB FX

EZ-USB FX Register Summary

Addr

Name

Description

D7

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

Default

Access

781C

ABSETUP

FIFO Setup

ASYNC

DBLIN

OUTDLY

DBLOUT

00000000

RW

ASYNC=1: async FIFOS, DBL=1:double stuff,OUTDLY=1: clock delay

781D

ABPOLAR

FIFO Control Signals Polarity

BOE

AOE

SLRD

SLWR

ASEL

BSEL

00000000

RW

0=active LO, 1-active HI

781E

ABFLUSH

Write (data=x) to reset all flags

xxxxxxxx

Flag reset: Empty=1, Full=0, PF=?

781F

(reserved)

7820

(reserved)

7821

(reserved)

7822

(reserved)

7823

(reserved)

Notes

GPIF
7824

WFSELECT

Waveform Selector

7825

IDLE_CS

GPIF Done, GPIF IDLE drive mode

7826

IDLE_CTLOUT

Inactive Bus, CTL states

7827

CTLOUTCFG

CTL OUT pin drive

7828

SINGLEWR 0-3

RW

Select waveform 0[00], 1[01], 2[10] or 3[11]

SINGLERD 0-3
0

FIFOWR 0-3
0

FIFORD 0-3
IDLEDRV

10000000

RW

DONE=1: GPIF done (IRQ4). IDLEDRV=1:drive bus, 0:TS

CTL5

CTL4

CTL3

CTL2

CTL1

CTL0

11111111

RW

TRICTL

CTL5

CTL4

CTL3

CTL2

CTL1

CTL0

00000000

RW

A5

A4

A3

A2

A1

A0

00000000

RW

0=CMOS, 1=open drn.

(reserved)

7829
782A

11100100

DONE

(reserved)
GPIFADRL

782B

GPIF Address L
(reserved)

782C

AINTC

FIFO A IN T.C.

FITC

FIFO A IN Transaction Count [6:0]

00000001

RW

FITC=1: Use FIFO flags

782D

AOUTTC

FIFO A OUT T.C.

FITC

FIFO A OUT Transaction Count [6:0]

00000001

RW

FITC=0: Use Transac Count.

782E

ATRIG

Write: write FIFO A. Read: start RD

trans.
(reserved)

xxxxxxxx

RW

Note: read the data in ?

7830

BINTC

FIFO B IN T.C.

FITC

FIFO B IN Transaction Count [6:0]

00000001

RW

7831

BOUTTC

FIFO B OUT T.C.

FITC

FIFO B OUT Transaction Count [6:0]

00000001

RW

7832

BTRIG

Write: write FIFO B . Read: start RD

trans.
(reserved)

xxxxxxxx

RW

7834

SGLDATH

GPIF Data H (16-bit mode only)

7835

SGLDATLTRIG

782F

7833

7836

Read or Write GPIF Data L & trigger rd

transac
SGLDATLNTRIG Read GPIF Data L, no rd transac trigger

7837

D15

D14

D13

D12

D11

D10

D9

D8

xxxxxxxx

RW

D7

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

xxxxxxxx

RW

Triggers a GPIF Read Waveform

D7

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

xxxxxxxx

No GPIF Waveform

INTRDY

SAS

RDY5

RDY4

RDY3

RDY2

RDY1

RDY0

xxxxxxxx

(reserved)

7838

READY

7839

ABORT

783A

Internal RDY,Sync/Async, RDY pin

states
Abort GPIF cycles

00xxxxxx bbrrrrrr SAS=1: synchrnous, 0:asynchronous

Go To GPIF IDLE state. Data is D.C.

(reserved)

783B

GENIE

DMADN

GPWF

GPDONE

00000000

RW

783C

GENIRQ

DMADN

GPWF

GPDONE

00000xxx

RW

783D

(reserved)

783E

(reserved)

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

RegSum - 2

EZ-USB FX

Addr

Name

EZ-USB FX Register Summary

Description

783F

(reserved)

7840

(reserved)

D7

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

Default

Access

Notes

IO Ports D,E
7841

OUTD

Output Port D

OUTD7

OUTD6

OUTD5

OUTD4

OUTD3

OUTD2

OUTD1

OUTD0

xxxxxxxx

7842

PINSD

Input Port D pins

PIND7

PIND6

PIND5

PIND4

PIND3

PIND2

PIND1

PIND0

xxxxxxxx

7843

OED

Port D Output Enable

0ED7

0ED6

0ED5

0ED4

0ED3

0ED2

0ED1

0ED0

00000000

RW

7844

(reserved)

7845

OUTE

Output Port E

OUTE7

OUTE6

OUTE5

OUTE4

OUTE3

OUTE2

OUTE1

OUTE0

xxxxxxxx

7846

PINSE

Input Port E pins

PINE7

PINE6

PINE5

PINE4

PINE3

PINE2

PINE1

PINE0

xxxxxxxx

7847

OEE

Port E Output Enable

OEE7

OEE6

OEE5

OEE4

OEE3

OEE2

OEE1

OEE0

00000000

RW

00000000

RW

52ONE

7848

(reserved)

7849

PORTSETUP

784A

IFCONFIG

784B

PORTACF2

Timer0 Clock source, Port-to-SFR

mapping
Select 8/16 bit data bus, confugure
busses (IF)
Port A GPIF signals

784C

PORTCCF2

Port C GPIF signals

784D

T0CLK

SFRPORT

GSTATE

BUS16

IF1

IF0

T0CLK (0) Normal Timer0 clock; (1) CPU clock/13

00000000 brrrbbbb SFRPORT (1) IO Ports SFR mapped, (0) not

SLRD

SLWR

00000000

RW

CTL5

CTL4

CTL3

CTL1

RDY3

RDY1

RDY0

00000000

RW

52ONE: Set to 1 for 52-pin part (drive internal RDY signals HI)

(reserved)

784E

(reserved)
DMA Control

784F

DMASRCH

DMA SourceH

A15

A14

A13

A12

A11

A10

A9

A8

00000000

RW

7850

DMASRCL

DMA Source L

A7

A6

A5

A4

A3

A2

A1

A0

00000000

RW

7851

DMADESTH

DMA Destination H

A15

A14

A13

A12

A11

A10

A9

A8

00000000

RW

7852

DMADESTL

DMA Destination L

A7

A6

A5

A4

A3

A2

A1

A0

00000000

RW

00000001

RW

7853

(reserved)

7854

DMALEN

DMA Transfer Length

7855

DMAGO

Start DMA Transfer

7856

D7

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

DONE

DSTR2

DSTR1

DSTR0

RB

WB

00000100

RW

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

xxxxxxxx

N/A

(reserved)

7857

DMABURST

7858

DMAEXTFIFO

7859

(reserved)

785A

(reserved)

785B

(reserved)

785C

0=256, 1=1255=255

xxxxxxxx rxxxxxxx Write this register to start a DMA transfer

DSTR[2..0] set stretch values for external DMA transfers
RB/WB enable synchronous burst transfers on 8051 data bus
Use this DMA address to select 8051 A/D busses as external FIFO

Note: DSTRn are stretch values for DMA FRD# and FWR# signals

(reserved)
Interrupt 4 Vector Control

785D

INT4IVEC

Interrupt 4 Vector

I4V3

I4V2

I4V1

I4V0

01000000

See bottom of page 2 for vector coding

785E

INT4SETUP

Interrupt 4 Setup

INT4SFC

INTERNAL

AV4EN

00000000

RW

INTERNAL: 0-INT4 from pin, 1-INT4 from FIFO unit

785F78FF

(reserved)

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

RegSum - 3

EZ-USB FX

EZ-USB FX Register Summary

Addr

Name

Description

7900

WFDESC(0)

Waveform Descriptors (128 bytes)

797F

WFDESC(127)

(last wafeform descriptor byte)

79807B3F

D7

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

Default

Access

xxxxxxxx

RW

Notes

(reserved)

Endpoint 0-7 Data Buffers

R=RD, W=WR, RW or b=BOTH

7B40

OUT7BUF

(64 bytes)

d7

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

xxxxxxxx

RW

7B80

IN7BUF

(64 bytes)

d7

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

xxxxxxxx

RW

7BC0

OUT6BUF

(64 bytes)

d7

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

xxxxxxxx

RW

[6] EP6OUT and EP7OUT pairable for double buffering

7C00

IN6BUF

(64 bytes)

d7

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

xxxxxxxx

RW

[5] EP6IN and EP7IN pairable for double buffering

7C40

OUT5BUF

(64 bytes)

d7

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

xxxxxxxx

RW

7C80

IN5BUF

(64 bytes)

d7

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

xxxxxxxx

RW

7CC0

OUT4BUF

(64 bytes)

d7

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

xxxxxxxx

RW

[4] EP4OUT and EP5OUT pairable for double buffering

7D00

IN4BUF

(64 bytes)

d7

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

xxxxxxxx

RW

[3] EP4IN and EP5IN pairable for double buffering

7D40

OUT3BUF

(64 bytes)

d7

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

xxxxxxxx

RW

7D80

IN3BUF

(64 bytes)

d7

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

xxxxxxxx

RW

7DC0

OUT2BUF

(64 bytes)

d7

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

xxxxxxxx

RW

[2] EP2-IN and EP3IN pairable for double buffering

7E00

IN2BUF

(64 bytes)

d7

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

xxxxxxxx

RW

[1] EP2-IN and EP3IN pairable for double buffering

7E40

OUT1BUF

(64 bytes)

d7

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

xxxxxxxx

RW

7E80

IN1BUF

(64 bytes)

d7

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

xxxxxxxx

RW

7EC0

OUT0BUF

(64 bytes)

d7

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

xxxxxxxx

RW

7F00

IN0BUF

(64 bytes)

d7

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

xxxxxxxx

RW

7F407F5F

(reserved)
Isochronous Data

7F60

OUT8DATA

Endpoint 8 OUT Data

d7

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

xxxxxxxx

7F61

OUT9DATA

Endpoint 9 OUT Data

d7

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

xxxxxxxx

7F62

OUT10DATA

Endpoint 10 OUT Data

d7

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

xxxxxxxx

7F63

OUT11DATA

Endpoint 11 OUT Data

d7

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

xxxxxxxx

7F64

OUT12DATA

Endpoint 12 OUT Data

d7

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

xxxxxxxx

7F65

OUT13DATA

Endpoint 13 OUT Data

d7

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

xxxxxxxx

7F66

OUT14DATA

Endpoint 14 OUT Data

d7

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

xxxxxxxx

7F67

OUT15DATA

Endpoint 15 OUT Data

d7

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

xxxxxxxx

7F68

IN8DATA

Endpoint 8 IN Data

d7

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

xxxxxxxx

7F69

IN9DATA

Endpoint 9 IN Data

d7

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

xxxxxxxx

7F6A

IN10DATA

Endpoint 10 IN Data

d7

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

xxxxxxxx

7F6B

IN11DATA

Endpoint 11 IN Data

d7

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

xxxxxxxx

7F6C

IN12DATA

Endpoint 12 IN Data

d7

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

xxxxxxxx

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

RegSum - 4

EZ-USB FX

EZ-USB FX Register Summary

Addr

Name

Description

D7

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

Default

Access

7F6D

IN13DATA

Endpoint 13 IN Data

d7

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

xxxxxxxx

7F6E

IN14DATA

Endpoint 14 IN Data

d7

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

xxxxxxxx

7F6F

IN15DATA

Endpoint 15 IN Data

d7

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

xxxxxxxx

Notes

Isochronous Byte Counts

7F70

OUT8BCH

EP8 Out Byte Count H

d9

d8

xxxxxxxx

7F71

OUT8BCL

EP8 Out Byte Count L

d7

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

xxxxxxxx

7F72

OUT9BCH

EP9 Out Byte Count H

d9

d8

xxxxxxxx

7F73

OUT9BCL

EP9 Out Byte Count L

d7

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

xxxxxxxx

7F74

OUT10BCH

EP10 Out Byte Count H

d9

d8

xxxxxxxx

7F75

OUT10BCL

EP10 Out Byte Count L

d7

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

xxxxxxxx

7F76

OUT11BCH

EP11 Out Byte Count H

d9

d8

xxxxxxxx

7F77

OUT11BCL

EP11 Out Byte Count L

d7

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

xxxxxxxx

7F78

OUT12BCH

EP12 Out Byte Count H

d9

d8

xxxxxxxx

7F79

OUT12BCL

EP12 Out Byte Count L

d7

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

xxxxxxxx

7F7A

OUT13BCH

EP13 Out Byte Count H

d9

d8

xxxxxxxx

7F7B

OUT13BCL

EP13 Out Byte Count L

d7

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

xxxxxxxx

7F7C

OUT14BCH

EP14 Out Byte Count H

d9

d8

xxxxxxxx

7F7D

OUT14BCL

EP14 Out Byte Count L

d7

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

xxxxxxxx

7F7E

OUT15BCH

EP15 Out Byte Count H

d9

d8

xxxxxxxx

7F7F

OUT15BCL

EP15 Out Byte Count L

d7

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

xxxxxxxx

7F807F91

(reserved)
CPU Registers

7F92

CPUCS

Control & Status

rv3

rv2

rv1

rv0

24/48

CLKINV

CLKOE

8051RES

7F93

PORTACFG

Port A Configuration

RxD1out

RxD0out

FRD

FWR

CS

OE

T1out

T0out

00000010 rrrrrrbr Bits 7:2 are chip rev number

00000000

RW

7F94

PORTBCFG

Port B Configuration

T2OUT

INT6

INT5

INT4

TxD1

RxD1

T2EX

T2

00000000

RW

7F95

PORTCCFG

Port C Configuration

RD

WR

T1

T0

INT1

INT0

TxD0

RxD0

00000000

RW

CFG: 0=port (default), 1=alternate function

Input-Output Port Registers

7F96

OUTA

Output Register A

OUTA7

OUTA6

OUTA5

OUTA4

OUTA3

OUTA2

OUTA1

OUTA0

00000000

RW

7F97

OUTB

Output Register B

OUTB7

OUTB6

OUTB5

OUTB4

OUTB3

OUTB2

OUTB1

OUTB0

00000000

RW

7F98

OUTC

Output Register C

OUTC7

OUTC6

OUTC5

OUTC4

OUTC3

OUTC2

OUTC1

OUTC0

00000000

RW

7F99

PINSA

Port Pins A

PINA7

PINA6

PINA5

PINA4

PINA3

PINA2

PINA1

PINA0

xxxxxxxx

7F9A

PINSB

Port Pins B

PINB7

PINB6

PINB5

PINB4

PINB3

PINB2

PINB1

PINB0

xxxxxxxx

7F9B

PINSC

Port Pins C

PINC7

PINC6

PINC5

PINC4

PINC3

PINC2

PINC1

PINC0

xxxxxxxx

7F9C

OEA

Output Enable A

OEA7

OEA6

OEA5

OEA4

OEA3

OEA2

OEA1

OEA0

00000000

RW

7F9D

OEB

Output Enable B

OEB7

OEB6

OEB5

OEB4

OEB3

OEB2

OEB1

OEB0

00000000

RW

7F9E

OEC

Output Enable C

OEC7

OEC6

OEC5

OEC4

OEC3

OEC2

OEC1

OEC0

00000000

RW

7F9F

WR: output FF; RD: register outputs

WR: no effect; RD: pin states ( reg if OE=1, pin if OE=0)

1=output enabled

RW pins enabled

reserve

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

RegSum - 5

EZ-USB FX

Addr

Name

EZ-USB FX Register Summary

Description

D7

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

Default

Access

Notes

Isochronous Control/Status Registers

7FA0

ISOERR

ISO OUT Endpoint Error

ISO9ERR

ISO8ERR

xxxxxxxx

7FA1

ISOCTL

Isochronous Control

PPSTAT

MBZ

MBZ

ISODISAB

0000x000 rrrrrbbb

7FA2

ZBCOUT

Zero Byte Count bits

EP15

EP14

EP13

EP12

EP11

EP10

EP9

EP8

7FA3

ISO15ERR ISO14ERR ISO13ERR ISO12ERR ISO11ERR ISO10ERR

xxxxxxxx

CRC Error

(reserved)

7FA4

(reserved)
I2C Registers

7FA5

I2CS

Control & Status

START

STOP

LASTRD

ID1

ID0

BERR

ACK

DONE

7FA6

I2DAT

Data

d7

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

xxxxxxxx

RW

7FA7

I2CMODE

I2C STOP interrupt enable

STOPIE

400kHz

00000000

RW

000xx000 bbbrrrrr

Interrupts
7FA8

IVEC

Interrupt Vector

7FA9

IN07IRQ

EPIN Interrupt Request

IV4

IV3

IV2

IV1

IV0

00000000

IN7IR

IN6IR

IN5IR

IN4IR

IN3IR

IN2IR

IN1IR

IN0IR

00000000

RW

7FAA

OUT07IRQ

EPOUT Interrupt Request

1 = clear request, 0= no effect

OUT7IR

OUT6IR

OUT5IR

OUT4IR

OUT3IR

OUT2IR

OUT1IR

OUT0IR

xxxxxxxx

RW

7FAB

USBIRQ

USB Interrupt Request

1 = clear request, 0= no effect

IBNIR

URESIR

SUSPIR

SUTOKIR

SOFIR

SUDAVIR

xxxxxxxx

RW

7FAC

IN07IEN

EP0-7IN Int Enables

1 = clear request, 0= no effect

IN7IEN

IN6IEN

IN5IEN

IN4IEN

IN3IEN

IN2IEN

IN1IEN

IN0IEN

00000000

RW

7FAD

OUT07IEN

EP0-7OUT Int Enables

1=enabled, 0=disabled

OUT7IEN

OUT6IEN

OUT5IEN

OUT4IEN

OUT3IEN

OUT2IEN

OUT1IEN

OUT0IEN

00000000

RW

7FAE

USBIEN

1=enabled, 0=disabled

USB Int Enables

IBNIE

URESIE

SUSPIE

SUTOKIE

SOFIE

SUDAVIE

00000000

RW

7FAF

1=enabled, 0=disabled

USBBAV

Breakpoint & Autovector

INT2SFC

BREAK

BPPULSE

BPEN

AVEN

xxx0xx00

RW

Breakpoint and Autovector

7FB0

IBNIRQ

IBN Interrupt request

EP6IN

EP5IN

EP4IN

EP3IN

EP2IN

EP1IN

EP0IN

xxxxxxxx

RW

7FB1

IBNIE

IBN Interrupt Enable

EP6IN

EP5IN

EP4IN

EP3IN

EP2IN

EP1IN

EP0IN

00000000

RW

7FB2

BPADDRH

Breakpoint Address H

A15

A14

A13

A12

A11

A10

A9

A8

00000000

RW

7FB3

BPADDRL

Breakpoint Address L

A7

A6

A5

A4

A3

A2

A1

A0

00000000

RW

Bulk Endpoints 0-7

7FB4

EP0CS

Control & Status

OUTBSY

INBSY

HSNAK

7FB5

IN0BC

Byte Count

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

7FB6

IN1CS

Control & Status

in1bsy

in1stl

7FB7

IN1BC

Byte Count

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

7FB8

IN2CS

Control & Status

in2bsy

in2stl

7FB9

IN2BC

Byte Count

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

7FBA

IN3CS

Control & Status

in3bsy

in3stl

7FBB

IN3BC

Byte Count

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

7FBC

IN4CS

Control & Status

in4bsy

in4stl

7FBD

IN4BC

Byte Count

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

7FBE

IN5CS

Control & Status

in5bsy

in5stl

7FBF

IN5BC

Byte Count

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

EP0STALL 00001000 rrrrrrbb

xxxxxxxx

RW

00000000 rrrrrrbb
xxxxxxxx

RW

00000000 rrrrrrbb
xxxxxxxx

RW

00000000 rrrrrrbb
xxxxxxxx

RW

00000000 rrrrrrbb
xxxxxxxx

RW

00000000 rrrrrrbb
xxxxxxxx

RW

Read/write latency note: These registers need the equivalent of 2 instruction clock cycles of time between performing the following instructions back-to-back: (1) write-write (2) write-read.

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

RegSum - 6

EZ-USB FX

Addr

EZ-USB FX Register Summary

Name

Description

7FC0

IN6CS

7FC1
7FC2
7FC3

Default

Access

D7

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

Control & Status

in6bsy

in6stl

IN6BC

Byte Count

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

IN7CS

Control & Status

in7bsy

in7stl

IN7BC

Byte Count

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

xxxxxxxx

RW

xxxxxxxx

RW

7FC4

Notes

00000000 rrrrrrbb
xxxxxxxx

RW

00000000 rrrrrrbb

(reserved)

7FC5

OUT0BC

Byte Count

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

7FC6

OUT1CS

Control & Status

out1bsy

out1stl

7FC7

OUT1BC

Byte Count

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

7FC8

OUT2CS

Control & Status

out2bsy

out2stl

7FC9

OUT2BC

Byte Count

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

7FCA

OUT3CS

Control & Status

out3bsy

out3stl

7FCB

OUT3BC

Byte Count

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

7FCC

OUT4CS

Control & Status

out4bsy

out4stl

7FCD

OU4TBC

Byte Count

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

7FCE

OUT5CS

Control & Status

out5bsy

out5stl

7FCF

OUT5BC

Byte Count

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

7FD0

OUT6CS

Control & Status

out6bsy

out6stl

7FD1

OUT6BC

Byte Count

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

7FD2

OUT7CS

Control & Status

out7bsy

out7stl

7FD3

OUT7BC

Byte Count

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

xxxxxxxx

RW

00000010 rrrrrrrb
xxxxxxxx

RW

00000010 rrrrrrrb
xxxxxxxx

RW

00000010 rrrrrrrb
xxxxxxxx

RW

00000010 rrrrrrrb
xxxxxxxx

RW

00000010 rrrrrrrb
xxxxxxxx

RW

00000010 rrrrrrrb
xxxxxxxx

RW

00000010 rrrrrrrb

Global USB Registers

7FD4

SUDPTRH

Setup Data Ptr H

A15

A14

A13

A12

A11

A10

A9

A8

xxxxxxxx

RW

7FD5

SUDPTRL

Setup Data Ptr L

A7

A6

A5

A4

A3

A2

A1

A0

xxxxxxxx

RW

7FD6

USBCS

USB Control & Status

WakeSRC

DisCon

DiscOE

ReNum

7FD7

TOGCTL

Toggle Control

IO

EP2

EP1

EP0

xxxxxxxx rbbbbbbb Endpoint Toggle bits

7FD8

USBFRAMEL

Frame Number L

FC7

FC6

FC5

FC4

FC3

FC2

FC1

FC0

xxxxxxxx

7FD9

USBFRAMEH

Frame Number H

FC10

FC9

FC8

xxxxxxxx

FA6

FA5

FA4

FA3

FA2

FA1

FA0

xxxxxxxx

ISOsend0

PR6OUT

PR4OUT

PR2OUT

PR6IN

PR4IN

PR2IN

0x000000

RW

1 = Pair endpoint (double-buffer)

IN7VAL

IN6VAL

IN5VAL

IN4VAL

IN3VAL

IN2VAL

IN1VAL

01010111

RW

1=valid, 0=not valid

7FDA
7FDB

SIGRSUME 00000100 brrrbbbb

(reserved)
FNADDR

7FDC

Function Address
(reserved)

7FDD

USBPAIR

Endpoint Control

7FDE

IN07VAL

Input Endpoint 0-7 valid

7FDF

OUT07VAL

Output Endpoint 0-7 valid

OUT7VAL

OUT6VAL

OUT5VAL

OUT4VAL

OUT3VAL

OUT2VAL

OUT1VAL

01010101

RW

(a not-valid EP returns 'no response' instead of NAK)

7FE0

INISOVAL

Input EP 8-15 valid

IN15VAL

IN14VAL

IN13VAL

IN12VAL

IN11VAL

IN10VAL

IN9VAL

IN8VAL

00000111

RW

NOTE: EP0 is always valid

7FE1

OUTISOVAL

Output EP 8-15 valid

OUT9VAL

OUT8VAL

00000111

RW

7FE2

FASTXFR

Fast Transfer Mode

WMOD1

WMOD0

xxxxxxxx

RW

OUT15VAL OUT14VAL OUT13VAL OUT12VAL OUT11VAL OUT10VAL

FISO

FBLK

RPOL

RMOD1

RMOD0

WPOL

Read/write latency note: These registers need the equivalent of 2 instruction clock cycles of time between performing the following instructions back-to-back: (1) write-write (2) write-read.

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

RegSum - 7

EZ-USB FX

EZ-USB FX Register Summary

Addr

Name

Description

D7

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

Default

Access

7FE3

AUTOPTRH

Auto-Pointer H

A15

A14

A13

A12

A11

A10

A9

A8

xxxxxxxx

RW

7FE4

AUTOPTRL

Auto-Pointer L

A7

A6

A5

A4

A3

A2

A1

A0

xxxxxxxx

RW

7FE5

AUTODATA

Auto Pointer Data

D7

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

xxxxxxxx

RW

d7

d6

d5

d4

d3

d2

d1

d0

xxxxxxxx

7FE6

Notes

(reserved)

7FE7

(reserved)
Setup Data

7FE8

SETUPDAT

8 bytes of SETUP data

3 LSB's of address are 000

Isochronous FIFO Sizes

7FF0

OUT8ADDR

Endpt 8 OUT Start Addr

A9

A8

A7

A6

A5

A4

xxxxxxxx

RW

7FF1

OUT9ADDR

Endpt 9 OUT Start Addr

A9

A8

A7

A6

A5

A4

xxxxxxxx

RW

7FF2

OUT10ADDR

Endpt 10 OUT Start Addr

A9

A8

A7

A6

A5

A4

xxxxxxxx

RW

7FF3

OUT11ADDR

Endpt 11 OUT Start Addr

A9

A8

A7

A6

A5

A4

xxxxxxxx

RW

7FF4

OUT12ADDR

Endpt 12 OUT Start Addr

A9

A8

A7

A6

A5

A4

xxxxxxxx

RW

7FF5

OUT13ADDR

Endpt 13 OUT Start Addr

A9

A8

A7

A6

A5

A4

xxxxxxxx

RW

7FF6

OUT14ADDR

Endpt 14 OUT Start Addr

A9

A8

A7

A6

A5

A4

xxxxxxxx

RW

7FF7

OUT15ADDR

Endpt 15 OUT Start Addr

A9

A8

A7

A6

A5

A4

xxxxxxxx

RW

7FF8

IN8ADDR

Endpt 8 IN Start Addr

A9

A8

A7

A6

A5

A4

xxxxxxxx

RW

7FF9

IN9ADDR

Endpt 9 IN Start Addr

A9

A8

A7

A6

A5

A4

xxxxxxxx

RW

7FFA

IN19ADDR

Endpt 10 IN Start Addr

A9

A8

A7

A6

A5

A4

xxxxxxxx

RW

7FFB

IN11ADDR

Endpt 11 IN Start Addr

A9

A8

A7

A6

A5

A4

xxxxxxxx

RW

7FFC

IN12ADDR

Endpt 12 IN Start Addr

A9

A8

A7

A6

A5

A4

xxxxxxxx

RW

7FFD

IN13ADDR

Endpt 13 IN Start Addr

A9

A8

A7

A6

A5

A4

xxxxxxxx

RW

7FFE

IN14ADDR

Endpt 14 IN Start Addr

A9

A8

A7

A6

A5

A4

xxxxxxxx

RW

7FFF

IN15ADDR

Endpt 15 IN Start Addr

A9

A8

A7

A6

A5

A4

xxxxxxxx

RW

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

RegSum - 8

EZ-USB FX

EZ-USB FX Register Summary

Interrupt 4 Sources and INT4IVEC values

20

AINPF

21

BINPF

22

AOUTPF

23

BOUTPF

24

AINEF

25

BINEF

26

AOUTEF

27

BOUTEF

28

AINFF

29

BINFF

2A

AOUTFF

2B

BOUTFF

2C

GPIFDONE

2D

GPIFWF

2E

DMADONE

New Interrupt 2 source and vector

05

IBN

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

Bulk IN token arrived and was NAK'd

RegSum - 9

EZ-USB FX Technical Reference Manual v1.3

RegSum - 10