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Java Plums and Blown Castor Oil As Main Components of Oil

Sample Research Articles for Defense ****** Java Plum and Blown Castor Oil as Main Component of Oil-based Ballpen Inks. ****** An Elementary Research Study

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972 views

Java Plums and Blown Castor Oil As Main Components of Oil

Sample Research Articles for Defense ****** Java Plum and Blown Castor Oil as Main Component of Oil-based Ballpen Inks. ****** An Elementary Research Study

Uploaded by

Ionacer Viper
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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JAVA PLUMS AND BLOWN CASTOR OIL AS MAIN COMPONENTS OF OIL-BASED BALLPEN INKS

 Why use Java Plum?


Java Plums are commonly found in the Philippines which makes it an efficient
substitute to the main component of oil-based ballpen inks. Other research
studies used berries as their dye; but berries are seldom grown in Philippines –
and, Baguio strawberries are only grown in season.
Java Plum extract have stains that function similarly as dyes making it a good
colourant to the ink.

 When are the fruiting seasons of Java Plums?


Mid-may to mid-june

 Average production of Java Plums


700 fruits/tree

 What is Castor Oil?


Castor oil is a vegetable oil obtained by pressing the seeds of the castor plant.
Castor seeds can be collected year-round, but seeds are best collected from May
to August.

 Common Uses: Food and Preservatives


Medicine (Over-the-counter drugs as a laxative)
 Safety: Castor seed contains ricin, a toxic protein. Heating during
the oil extracting process denatures and deactivates the protein.
(for 2 hrs).

 Where do Castor Plants commonly found?


Castor plants are native in Africa, but can also be found in the Philippines. (Local
name: Tangan-tangan)

 Why use Castor Oil?


Castor oils contain Ricinoleic Acid (12-hydroxy-9-octadeceroic acid) , obtained by
hydrolysis of castor oil – is a light –colored liquid with a ricinoleic content of
approximately 90%. This product is most noted for its use in coatings, plastics,
personal items, inks and cosmetics.
 What type of Castor Oil should be used?
 Blown/Oxidized Castor Oil
Blown castor oils are prepared by bubbling air through the
oil at elevated temperatures. This process increases
viscosity and specific gravity. These oils are used primarily
as plasticizers for lacquers, inks, adhesives and leathers.

 How to oxidize Castor oil


Castor oil can be oxidized by blowing air/oxygen into it at
temperature of 80-1300°c, with or without catalyst to
obtain oils of varying viscosity. The process is called
Oxidative Polymerization. This increases the viscosity and
specific gravity of oil.

**Plasticizers – used to make the dried film of printing ink more flexible.

**Viscosity (in oil) - is an oil’s resistance to flow and shear. It is the single most critical
physical property of the oil as it affects both the wear rate and the fuel efficiency. Water is a low
viscosity fluid; syrup is a high viscosity fluid. With oil, like syrup, as you increase the
temperature, the viscosity lowers, meaning it flows faster, or more easily.

**Thixotropy – a property of fluid – such as printing inks – that describes its “false body”, or a
consistency, thickness and viscosity that decreases with the application of stress or other forces.

 Example of Thixotropy Promoters

SUBSTANCE EXAMPLE
Finely dispersed silicid acid Aerosil
Modified sheet miza Bentone

Hydrated castor oil Thicatol ST


INKS

Printing inks are: (according to viscosity)

o Liquid inks - used in gravure and flexo printing.


o Paste inks - letter press and lithography

Inks are basically made up of:

o Colourant (dye) – Java plum extract


o Vehicle (varnish) – castor oil/gum arabic
o Solvent - rubbing alcohol
o Additives – glycerides, salts, …
(Optional: Vinegar for preservation.)

RESEARCH PLAN

1.) Preparing/Gathering of Materials


 Gathering of Java Plums
 Castor oil (if possible: blown/oxidized castor oil) P250.00 @ Mercury Drug
Store
 Gum Arabic (for stabilization, optional)
 Rubbing Alcohol
 Other additives (glycerides, salts, vinegars…)
 Tools (mortar and pestle, pliers, syringe…)

2.) Extraction of Java Plum


 Using mortar and pestle

3.) Mixing/Adding of other additives

4.) Preparation/Preservation
 Stored in an ink jar
 Can be refrigerated

5.) Transfer of ink to the cartridge of the pen


COMPLETE STEPS IN:
 Using pliers and syringe
www.instructables.com/id/Refill-a-ballpen-
or-gel-pen-with-fountain-pen-n/Step6/put-
everything-back-together

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