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Elektron, The Greek Word For "Amber") To Refer To The Property of Attracting

1) William Gilbert coined the term "electricity" in 1600 to describe the property of attracting small objects after rubbing amber. He distinguished this effect from magnetism. 2) Benjamin Franklin conducted extensive research on electricity in the 18th century, including flying a kite in a storm to prove that lightning was electrical. He also explained the behavior of the Leyden jar for storing electrical charge. 3) In the 19th century, scientists like Galvani, Volta, Faraday, and Maxwell furthered the understanding of electricity and its relationship to magnetism and light. Their work laid the foundation for modern applications of electricity.

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Nathachai Leewathanakij
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87 views

Elektron, The Greek Word For "Amber") To Refer To The Property of Attracting

1) William Gilbert coined the term "electricity" in 1600 to describe the property of attracting small objects after rubbing amber. He distinguished this effect from magnetism. 2) Benjamin Franklin conducted extensive research on electricity in the 18th century, including flying a kite in a storm to prove that lightning was electrical. He also explained the behavior of the Leyden jar for storing electrical charge. 3) In the 19th century, scientists like Galvani, Volta, Faraday, and Maxwell furthered the understanding of electricity and its relationship to magnetism and light. Their work laid the foundation for modern applications of electricity.

Uploaded by

Nathachai Leewathanakij
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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3/16/2016

ElectricityWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

electricity.Accordingtoacontroversialtheory,theParthiansmayhavehadknowledgeofelectroplating,
basedonthe1936discoveryoftheBaghdadBattery,whichresemblesagalvaniccell,thoughitisuncertain
whethertheartifactwaselectricalinnature.[8]
Electricitywouldremainlittlemorethananintellectualcuriosityfor
millenniauntil1600,whentheEnglishscientistWilliamGilbertmadea
carefulstudyofelectricityandmagnetism,distinguishingthelodestone
effectfromstaticelectricityproducedbyrubbingamber.[6]Hecoinedthe
NewLatinwordelectricus("ofamber"or"likeamber",from,
elektron,theGreekwordfor"amber")torefertothepropertyofattracting
smallobjectsafterbeingrubbed.[9]ThisassociationgaverisetotheEnglish
words"electric"and"electricity",whichmadetheirfirstappearanceinprint
inThomasBrowne'sPseudodoxiaEpidemicaof1646.[10]

BenjaminFranklin
conductedextensiveresearch
onelectricityinthe18th
century,asdocumentedby
JosephPriestley(1767)
HistoryandPresentStatusof
Electricity,withwhom
Franklincarriedonextended
correspondence.

FurtherworkwasconductedbyOttovonGuericke,RobertBoyle,Stephen
GrayandC.F.duFay.Inthe18thcentury,BenjaminFranklinconducted
extensiveresearchinelectricity,sellinghispossessionstofundhiswork.In
June1752heisreputedtohaveattachedametalkeytothebottomofa
dampenedkitestringandflownthekiteinastormthreatenedsky.[11]A
successionofsparksjumpingfromthekeytothebackofhishandshowed
thatlightningwasindeedelectricalinnature.[12]Healsoexplainedthe
apparentlyparadoxicalbehavior[13]oftheLeydenjarasadeviceforstoring
largeamountsofelectricalchargeintermsofelectricityconsistingofboth
positiveandnegativecharges.

In1791,LuigiGalvanipublishedhis
discoveryofbioelectromagnetics,
demonstratingthatelectricitywasthemediumbywhichneuronspassed
signalstothemuscles.[14]AlessandroVolta'sbattery,orvoltaicpile,of
1800,madefromalternatinglayersofzincandcopper,providedscientists
withamorereliablesourceofelectricalenergythantheelectrostatic
machinespreviouslyused.[14]Therecognitionofelectromagnetism,the
unityofelectricandmagneticphenomena,isduetoHansChristianrsted
andAndrMarieAmprein18191820MichaelFaradayinventedthe
electricmotorin1821,andGeorgOhmmathematicallyanalysedthe
electricalcircuitin1827.[14]Electricityandmagnetism(andlight)were
definitivelylinkedbyJamesClerkMaxwell,inparticularinhis"On
PhysicalLinesofForce"in1861and1862.[15]

MichaelFaraday's
discoveriesformedthe
foundationofelectricmotor
technology

Whiletheearly19thcenturyhadseenrapidprogressinelectricalscience,
thelate19thcenturywouldseethegreatestprogressinelectrical
engineering.ThroughsuchpeopleasAlexanderGrahamBell,OttBlthy,
ThomasEdison,GalileoFerraris,OliverHeaviside,nyosJedlik,WilliamThomson,1stBaronKelvin,
CharlesAlgernonParsons,WernervonSiemens,JosephSwan,NikolaTeslaandGeorgeWestinghouse,
electricityturnedfromascientificcuriosityintoanessentialtoolformodernlife,becomingadrivingforce
oftheSecondIndustrialRevolution.[16]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity

3/19

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