DESIGN OF E-LEARNING

SYSTEM USING SERVICE

ORIENTED ARCHITECTURE
(SOA)

DESIGN OF E-LEARNING SYSTEM USING SERVICE

ORIENTED ARCHITECTURE (SOA)
A PROJECT REPORT
Submitted by
Shreya Sen, Roll No.- 071260101071, Reg. No.- 071260101201071
Shubhadeep Pal, Roll No.-071260101055, Reg. No.-071260101101055
Diptarka Chakraborty, Roll No.-071260101002, Reg. No.-071260101101002
Under the Supervision of
Prof. Purnendu Das
Professor & Ex. Head of the Department
Department of Computer Science & Engineering
in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree
of
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
HERITAGE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,KOLKATA
WEST BENGAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY
KOLKATA
MAY,2011

HERITAGE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,KOLKATA

WEST BENGAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY

BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that this project Design of a e-Learning system using

service oriented architecture (SOA) is the bonafide work of Shreya
Sen(Roll No.- 071260101071), Shubhadeep Pal(Roll No.-071260101055) and
Diptarka Chakraborty(071260101002) who carried out the project work
under my supervision.

SIGNATURE
Prof. Subhashis Majumder

SIGNATURE
Prof. Purnendu Das

HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT

PROJECT GUIDE

Computer Science & Engineering

Computer Science & Engineering

Heritage Institute of Technology

Heritage Institute of Technology

Kolkata

Kolkata

SIGNATURE
EXAMINER

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We would take this opportunity to thank Prof. B.B.Paira, Director of Heritage
Institute of Technology for allowing us to form a group of three people and for
providing us with all the necessary facilities to make our project work and of
worth.
We will be thankful to Prof. Purnendu Das, our project mentor for constantly
supporting and guiding us for giving us invaluable insights. His guidance and
his words of encouragement motivated us to achieve our goal and impetus to
excel.
We thank Prof. Subhashis Majumder,Head of the Department of Computer
Science & Engineering and our teachers, faculty members and laboratory
assistants at the Heritage Institute of Technology for paying a pivotal and
decisive role during the development of the project. Last but not the least we
thank all friends for their cooperation and encouragement that they have
bestowed on us.

(SHREYA SEN)

(SHUBHADEEP PAL)

(DIPTARKA CHAKRABORTY)

ABSTRACT

E-LEARNING is a web application for electronically supported learning &

teaching. The application is designed using service oriented architecture
(SOA).A system based on SOA will package functionality as a suite of
interoperable services that can be used within multiple, separate systems from
several business domains.

Our e-Learning system is implemented using SOA uses services--- login service,
question service, scrap service, upload service, remove service, exam service,
course manage service, exam question service. The system provides
administrative services, faculty services & student services. The system
provides numerous numbers of features for students as well as for the faculty.
Along with scrap sending feature, the system also provides Chat feature for
communication between students & faculty.

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Contents

topic
number

page

Introduction

System Requirements

About SOA

Definition of the System

12

Scope of the System

13

How the System works

15

System Implementation

19

System Logic Diagrams

23

Screen Shots

30

Limitations, Future Scope

& Conclusion

43

Bibliography

46

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INTRODUCTION

E-Learning is the computer and network enabled transfer of skills and

knowledge. It includes out-of classroom & in-classroom educational
experiences via technology. E-Learning is naturally suited to distance learning
and flexible learning. It is available anywhere, anytime. It is a self paced
interactive instructive presented over the Internet to browser equipped
learners. The E-Learning solution is empowering, engaging, effective and
economical.
Early E-Learning systems, based on computer based learning (CBL) & training
often attempted to replicate autocratic teaching styles whereby the role of the
e-Learning systems was to transfer knowledge, as opposed to the systems
developed later which were based on computer supportive collaborative
learning (CSCL) which encouraged the shared development of knowledge.
Nowadays, it is an increasing trend to create virtual learning environment
(VLE).The courses offered by the environment is interactive.

Why e-learning is the most effective solution?

Many employers and learners cannot afford time to a class. Travelling itself
makes the learning process expensive & disruptive. E-Learning is
revolutionizing the learning world by eradicating the geographical boundaries.
The resources are available 24*7 a week, and any computer enabled with
Internet facility can use the system. E-Learning ranges over a number of
subjects & has a number of features

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SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
SPECIFICATIONS

HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS FOR CLIENT

Computer
PC-AT
Processor
INTEL P3 and above
RAM
1GB or above
CACHE
1MB and above
Input Device
Mouse or Keyboard
Output Device
VDU (minimum VGA, SVGA support)

SOFTWARE SPECIFICATION FOR SERVER

Operating System
Web Server

Windows/Linux
GlassFish-3.0.1

PROJECT CATEGORY
The category of this project is WEB APPLICATION

TOOLS AND LANGUAGE USED

Tools
Services Built using
Front End
Database Layer
Database Used

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Net Beans IDE 6.9

Java
JSP
MY SQL
MY SQL

ABOUT SOA
Service-oriented architecture (SOA) is a set of
design principles used during the phases of system
development & integration in computing. A
system based on SOA will package functionality as
a suite of interoperable services that can be used
within multiple, separate systems from several
business domains.
It provides a way for consumer of services, such as
web based application, to be aware of several SOA
based services. For example, separate disparate
departments within an organization may develop
& deploy SOA services in different implementation
languages; XML being used as interfacing services
(though this may not be required).
Service-orientation requires loose coupling of
services with the operating system, and other
technologies that underlie the applications.

The above figure shows the layer interaction in SOA

SOA separates functions into distinct units or services, which developers make
accessible over a network in order to allow users to combine and reuse them
in the production of applications. These services and their corresponding
consumers communicate with each other by passing data in a well-defined,
shared format, or by coordinating an activity between two or more services.
One can consider SOA a continuum, as opposed to distributed
computing or modular programming.
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SOA

OVERVIEW

The SOA implementation relies on a mesh of software services. Services

comprise unassociated, loosely units of functionality that have no calls to each
other embedded in them. Each service implements one action, such as filling
out an online application for an account, or viewing an online bank statement,
or placing an online booking or airline ticket order. Rather than services
embedding calls to each other in their source code, they use defined protocols
that describe how services pass and parse messages using description
metadata.

SOA developers associate individual SOA objects by using orchestration. In the

process of orchestration the developer associates software functionality (the
services) in a non-hierarchical arrangement using a software tool that contains
a complete list of all available services, their characteristics, and the means to
build an application utilizing these sources.

Underlying and enabling all of this requires metadata in sufficient detail to

describe not only the characteristics of these services, but also the data that
drives them. Programmers have made extensive use of XML in SOA to
structure data that they wrap in a nearly exhaustive description-container.
Analogously, the Web Services Description Language (WSDL) typically
describes the services themselves, while the SOAP protocol describes the
communications protocols. Whether these description languages are the best
possible for the job, and whether they will become/remain the favorites in the
future, remain open questions.

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SOA depends on data and services that are described by metadata that should
meet the following two criteria:

The metadata should come in a form that software systems can use to
configure dynamically by discovery and incorporation of defined
services, and also to maintain coherence and integrity. For example,
metadata could be used by other applications, like a catalogue, to
perform auto discovery of services without modifying the functional
contract of a service.

The metadata should come in a form that system designers can

understand and manage with a reasonable expenditure of cost and
effort.
SOA aims to allow users to string together fairly large chunks of functionality to
form ad hoc applications that are built almost entirely from existing software
services. The larger the chunks, the fewer the interface points required
implementing any given set of functionality; however, very large chunks of
functionality may not prove sufficiently granular for easy reuse. Each interface
brings with it some amount of processing overhead, so there is a performance
consideration in choosing the granularity of services. The great promise of SOA
suggests that the marginal cost of creating the n-th application is low, as all of
the software required already exists to satisfy the requirements of other
applications. Ideally, one requires only orchestration to produce a new
application.
For this to operate, no interactions must exist between the chunks specified or
within the chunks themselves. Instead, humans specify the interaction of
services (all of them unassociated peers) in a relatively ad hoc way with the
intent driven by newly emergent requirements. Thus the need for services as
much larger units of functionality than traditional functions or classes, lest the
sheer complexity of thousands of such granular objects overwhelm the
application designer. Programmers develop the services themselves using
traditional languages like Java, C, C++, C#, Visual Basic, COBOL, or PHP.
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SOA services feature loose coupling, in contrast to the functions that a linker
binds together to form an executable, to a dynamically linked library or to an
assembly. SOA services also run in "safe" wrappers (such as Java or .NET) and
in other programming languages that manage memory allocation and
reclamation, allow ad hoc and late binding, and provide some degree of
indeterminate data typing.

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REQUIREMENTS FOR SOA

Interoperability among different systems and programming languages

that provides the basis for integration between applications on different
platforms through a communication protocol. One example of such
communication depends on the concept of messages. Using messages
across defined message channels decreases the complexity of the end
application, thereby allowing the developer of the application to focus
on true application functionality instead of the intricate needs of a
communication protocol.

Desire to create a federation of resources. Establish and maintain data

flow to a Federated database system. This allows new functionality
developed to reference a common business format for each data
element.

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WEB SERVICES
APPROACH

Web services can implement a service-oriented architecture. Web services

make functional building-blocks accessible over standard Internet protocols
independent of platforms and programming languages. These services can
represent either new applications or just wrappers around existing legacy
systems to make them network-enabled.
Each SOA building block can play one or both of two roles:
Service Provider
The service provider creates a web service and possibly publishes
its interface and access information to the service registry. Each
provider must decide which services to expose, how to make
trade-offs between security and easy availability, how to price the
services, or (if no charges apply) how/whether to exploit them for
other value. The provider also has to decide what category the
service should be listed in for a given broker service and what sort
of trading partner agreements are required to use the service. It
registers what services are available within it, and lists all the
potential service recipients. The implementer of the broker then
decides the scope of the broker. Public brokers are available
through the Internet, while private brokers are only accessible to a
limited audience, for example, users of a company intranet.
Furthermore, the amount of the offered information has to be
decided. Some brokers specialize in many listings. Others offer
high levels of trust in the listed services. Some cover a broad
landscape of services and others focus within an industry. Some
brokers catalog other brokers. Depending on the business model,
brokers can attempt to maximize look-up requests, number of
listings or accuracy of the listings. The Universal Description
Discovery and Integration (UDDI) specification defines a way to
publish and discover information about Web services. Other
service broker technologies include (for example) ebXML
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(Electronic Business using eXtensible Markup Language) and those

based on the ISO/IEC 11179 Metadata Registry (MDR) standard.

Service consumer
The service consumer or web service client locates entries in the
broker registry using various find operations and then binds to the
service provider in order to invoke one of its web services.
Whichever service the service-consumers need, they have to take
it into the brokers, then bind it with respective service and then
use it. They can access multiple services if the service provides
multiple services.

SERVICE ORIENTED MODELLING

FRAMEWORK

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DEFINITION OF THE
SYSTEM
The E-Learning system which we have built acts as an interactive media
between the teachers and the students. The system acts as a forum where
transfer of knowledge takes place. The E-Learning system provides the
following features:
Any user can create their own profile by registering & thereby logging
into the system.
A user can upload their profile picture; change/update various features
associated with their profile.
Various courses are provided in the system.
Any course being provided can be activated, deactivated or deleted from
the E-Learning system.
Any file of any of the specified courses/subjects can be uploaded or
downloaded in the system.
Students can post their queries. Teachers could thereby answer their
questions and post them into the portal.
The system provides online-exam features. The exam is multiple choice
questions type, each question associated with 4 options.
Online exam is associated with evaluation procedure.
A user can also view the entire set of questions available for a particular
subject.
Scrap writing facility. Each user is provided with a scrapbook; one can
write scrap to another user.
Online CHAT option is also present. Here student can interact with other
student or teachers (whoever is online) and vice versa.
Student can make many friends in the system, by sending friend
requests & thereby accepting or rejecting them.
System is associated with a feedback facility.
There is also a searching facility present.

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SCOPE OF THE SYSTEM

There are three users in the system: Administrator
Student
Teacher
Following are the actions/privileges associated with each of the three users:-ADMINISTRATOR:
Administrator is the person who will decide that whether the sign up
requests from students or teachers will be accepted or not.
Administrator can block or remove any user profile as required.
Administrator can block or remove any course being provided by the
E-Learning system.
Administrator can delete any uploaded file.
STUDENT:
A student can create and update their own profile.
They can send and accept friend request.
They can send and receive scraps to and from friends in their own
friend list.
A student can post his questions, queries and answer any question
posted by another student.
A student can also solve queries provided by the other students.
A student can give online exam within the given time limit provide by
the system.
A student can view all the question sets for a selected course
provided by the teacher in the system.
They can download files that are uploaded by teachers or
administrator.
A student can send feedback.
A student can use the Chat service to communicate with the teachers
or/and the other teachers.

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TEACHER:
They can create and update their own profile.
Teacher can post exam questions.
Teacher posts the solution to the questions/queries provide by the
student.
Teacher can upload files that may required by the students.
Teacher can also delete files created by his own if he feels those are
not appropriate.
Teacher can use the chat service to communicate with the students
or/and the other teachers.

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How the system works

Our E-Learning system is built using SOA. The various services which we have
built to design the system are: LOGIN SERVICE
Login service provides two operations namely Login and Logout.The
Login webmethod enables any user (there are three kinds of user
possible into our system as already mentioned) to log into our ELearning system. Any user is characterizes according to the type
datatype. This is set according to the status variable.
(i) Status = 1
This implies that the user is a student. All the privileges that are specified
for any student are given to this user. Type variable is assigned as
student.
(ii) Status=2
This implies that the user is a Teacher. All the privileges that are
specified for any student are given to this user. variable is assigned as
teacher.
(iii) Status=23
This implies that the user is a administrator. The type variable is assigned
as admin.
In this service the username and password which is provided by the user
is matched while the corresponding values of the same stored in the
database. Accordingly a user can login or its access may be cancelled.
When a user successfully logs into the system the login values is set to
1.It is an integer datatype.
Another operation provided by the service is the Logout. Here the login
datatype is reseted.

Exam question service

This service allows the teachers to give a large dataset of questions to
the students. The two operations associates with this service are
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postQuestion and updateQuestion. Teacher can post any question of any

of the specified subject. The questions are of multiple choice type
(MCQ).each question is followed by 4 options. Only one of the options is
cporrect5.Th e answer is also provided along with the question. The
teacher can also update the question if the requirements specify.The
student at any time can view the entire set of questions provided for any
course available in the system.

Question service
The service provides two operations namely submitQuestion and
answerQuestion. submitQuestion allows the student to post their
queries about any subject or course which is provided by our E-Learning
system. Each question post is associated with the date of questioning
and the name of the student raising the question. Similarly, the second
operation answerQuestion allows any teacher or any other student
logged into the system to answer the question. Each question can be
given numerous answers. Answers are also associated with the date of
the answering and the user who gave it.

Course manage service

This is the main service provided by our E-Learning system. The system
provides various courses of different subjects (e.g. Introduction to
computing).The courses are managed, manipulated according to the
operations provided by this system. There are three operations namely
courseAdd , courseActivation and courseDelete. courseAdd allows
addition of any subject along with its details into the course table of the
database. Any student can opt for only those courses which are present
in our system. courseActivation feature can be decided according to the
datatype active. Only those courses whose active value is set are
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available. Administrator can reset the value of active if he feels that no

longer the course is needed. Students who may have earlier opted those
courses no longer can enjoy the resources of the same earlier provided
by the system. This is more like blocking the course. The resources are
not deleted from the main database. Any time the administrator can
again set the datatype active to bring the course back. Another
operation called courseDelete fulfills this purpose. The entire course
along with its details is deleted from the system. The student can never
view the resources of the same.
Each student can enroll for more than one type of course.
The system provides a rich set of knowledge base which makes the
system interesting.

The system believes in the mutual interaction among the students and the
faculty members for knowledge transfer. Thus, the system provides the
facility to make new friends in the site by sending friend requests, accepting
or rejecting them, sending scraps to the friends in your account, by
uploading or downloading files in the system etc. The following three
services provide these features (socializing features):-

Scrap service
This service provides the feature of sending scraps. The operation called
postScrap. Each scarp is associated with the name of the sender, name
of the receiver and the date of post of the scrap. This is similar to the
concept of scrapbook provided by many of the todays social networking
sites.
Upload service
Each of the user can upload various recourses into the site. They can
upload various files of the courses specifies from their computer; so that
the other users can respectively download them in their own computer.
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This forms the backbone of the E-Learning system (the administrator has
the authority to disable the file access if he feels like).As already
mentioned ach of the user has a profile and so he/she can upload any
profile picture of his choice.
Remove service
This service is exactly opposite to the service provided by the upload
service. The files or the photo uploaded by the user can be removed. The
webmethods created for this service are remove File and removeImage.
Photo can be removed by resetting the datatype pfield of the photo
table present in the database. For the file removal, entire file is deleted
from the upload table.

Following service provide the most interesting feature of our E-Learning

system.
Exam service

This is the online exam service, where each paper is associated with 20
multiple choice questions (MCQs).Timer is associated with each paper. The
answers can be manually submitted or it implicitly gets submitted once the
timer is over. The evaluation of the answers provided by the student is done
and thereby an analysis is provided by which the student can judge his/her
performance. The analysis contains the list of total number of attempted
questions, number of questions answered correctly, number of questions
answered incorrectly, total marks obtained. The two operations for this service
are provideExamQuestions and evaluator. The first webmethod provides
the set of questions. The latter webmethod returns the number of questions
correctly answered by the students.

Thus the above mentioned services are used to implement our E-Learning
system. The WebPages are designed in JSP.

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SYSTEM

IMPLEMENTATION

TABLE STRUCTURE OF DATABASE

Table Name: user
Field Name
uname
passwd
type
valid
request
login

Data type
varchar(20)
varchar(20)
varchar(20)
integer
integer
bit

Allowed null

Keys

Not Null
Not Null
Not Null
Not Null
Not Null
Not Null

Primary Key

Allowed null
Not Null
Not Null
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes

Keys
Primary Key

Table Name: student

Field Name
uname
sname
email
education
school
college
major
car_skil
car_interest

Data type
varchar(20)
char(50)
longvarchar
longvarchar
longvarchar
longvarchar
longvarchar
longvarchar
longvarchar

Table Name: teacher

Field Name
uname
tname
email
education
institute
subject
designation
res_interest
publication
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Data type
varchar(20)
char(50)
longvarchar
longvarchar
longvarchar
longvarchar
longvarchar
longvarchar
longvarchar

Allowed null
Not Null
Not Null
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes

Keys
Primary Key

Table Name: friend

Field Name
towhere
fromwhere
request

Data type
varchar(20)
varchar(20)
integer

Allowed null
Not Null
Not Null
Not Null

Keys

Allowed null
Not Null
Not Null
Not Null
Not Null

Keys

Table Name: scrap

Field Name
towhere
fromwhere
body
date

Data type
varchar(20)
varchar(20)
longvarchar
date

Table Name: question

Field Name
qid
question
fromwhere
date

Data type
integer
longvarchar
varchar(20)
date

Allowed null
Not Null
Not Null
Not Null
Not Null

Keys
Primary Key

Allowed null
Not Null
Not Null
Not Null
Not Null

Keys

Table Name: answer

Field Name
qid
answer
fromwhere
date

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Data type
integer
longvarchar
varchar(20)
date

Table Name: upload

Field Name
uid
filename
fromwhere

Data type
integer
longvarchar
varchar(20)

Allowed null
Not Null
Not Null
Not Null

Keys
Primary Key

Data type
varchar(20)
bit

Allowed null
Not Null
Not Null

keys
Primary Key

Table Name: photo

Field Name
uname
pfield

Table Name: course

Field Name
Subject
Details
Active

Data type
char
longvarchar

Allowed null
Not Null
Not Null
Not Null

Keys

Allowed null
Not Null
Not Null
Not Null
Not Null
Not Null
Not Null
Not Null
Not Null
Not Null

Keys
Primary

Table Name: examquestions

Field name
qid
question
option1
option2
option3
option4
uname
subject
valid

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Data type
integer
varchar(20)
integer
integer
integer
integer
varchar(20)
char
Integer

Table Name: examanswers

Field name
qid
answer
valid

Data type
integer
longvarchar
Integer

Allowed null
Not Null
Not Null
Not Null

Keys
Primary

Allowed null
Not Null
Not Null
Not Null
Not Null
Not Null
Not Null

Keys
Primary

Allowed null
Not Null
Not Null
Not Null

Keys

Table Name: examination

Field name
uname
subject
marks
attempted
rightanswers
date

Data type
varchar(20)
char
float
integer
integer
date

Table Name: feedback

Field name
uname
feedback
date

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Data type
Varchar(20)
longvarchar
date

System logic diagrams

use case diagrams
Add user

Manage user

Manage course
Student

Add friend
Send scrap

Give exam
User

Submit questions

File download
Teacher

File upload

Provide answers

Manage resources

Remove file
Search user
Provide question set

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Administrator

FUNCTIONAL DECOMPOSITION DIAGRAM

E-Learning System

User
Authentication

New User
Registration

Administrator
Login

View user
profiles

Add new
Users

Update
Profile

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Teacher Login

Manage
users

Manage
resources

View &
Post scraps

Manage
Courses

Send Friend
Request

Post
questions

Update
profile

Submit
answers

Student Login

Answer
queries

Give exam

Upload,
Download
files

Provide
question
Set

View
question set

Download
files

Context level diagram

dfd

Administrator

level - 0

REQUEST

RESPONSE

RESPONSE

E-Learning
System
REQUEST

RESPONSE

Teacher
REQUEST

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Student

DFD LEVEL -1
SIGN-UP

DATA FOR
PROFILE

REQUEST TO
STORE

LOGIN
USERNAME &
PASSWORD

REQUEST
QUERY DATA

HOME PAGE

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RESPONSE

THE RESULT

ADMINISTRATOR

username

Profile page

Subject name

filename

View user
profile

Manage
course

Request
for user
data
User data

Update
request

Manage
uploaded file

Request for
upload/remove

File location
filename

Datastore
Accept user
request

Update
request
Manage user

Add User

Download file

file
Update
request

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Request for
location

username

Teacher

Filename

username
Request for
user data

Profile page

View user
profile

Request for
upload &
remove
Request for
file location

File download
file
File location

User data

Request to
store

Datastore
Request for
update

Request to
store

Data to
change
Answer
question

Update user
profile
answer

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filename

File
manipulation

Provide
questions list

Question Set
(MCQ)

Student

filename

username

Profile page

Scrap & to
whom

file

Scrap
Post

View user
profile

Download
file

Request for
user data
Request to
store

Request for
file location
filelocation
Request for
question set

User data

Data to
change

Update user
profile

Request to
store
submit /post
question

question
answer

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question set

Exam requ

Datastore

Request for
update

View
question
set

Update
request

Answer
question

Exam
questions

Give
exam

Manage
friend
Friend request

Screenshots

Home Page

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Sign Up Page

Student Sign Up

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Student Sign Up

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Manage User Request by

Administrator

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Manage Course by
Administrator

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Manage Resources by
Administrator

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Manage Exam Questions by

Administrator

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Student Profile

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Answer Queries

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Online Examination

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View Marks

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Teacher Profile

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Submit Exam Questions

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Limitation of the Project

While designing this project, all the required services are created and
then implemented in the main E-Learning project. But in reality, while a
project is designed using SOA then all the required services are provided
by service providers and the company designing the project uses those
services according to some kind of deals with those service providers.
There is no service directory which contains all available services, in this
project and it is assumed that all the available services are known in
advance.
Service securities are not implemented and thats why anybody can use
all services, which is not the case in real SOA implementation.

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Future Scope of the

Project

A dealing technique (online payment etc.) i.e., how a company can deal
with the service providers can be designed and then the designed
services can be used by service providers.
Different security measures can be implemented to secure use of
services.
By accessing many more services provided by different service providers,
this E-Learning project can be enriched by adding more features.

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Conclusion

The E-Learning System provides a platform for online learning procedure. It

can be used by the students of different schools, colleges, universities in the
various part of the world. E-Learning is boundary barrier independent & also
lacks time constraint. The system facility is available 24*7 a week. Even the
facility is helpful for the professionals who cannot afford the time for inclassroom teaching due to their busy schedule.

Implementing the services for the building of the system provides a cleaner
approach. Each service is associated with one or more functions and the
WebPages utilizes these function. The services allows the most important
aspect of coding i.e. Reuse.

For a developing country like India, this online learning process is a new aspect.
India is now progressing towards E-Governance and education is one of those
important fields that will come under E-Governance. Proper steps like this
ensure a brighter future.

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Bibliography

Service oriented architecture for dummies, Judith Hurwitz

Developing Coordination Strategies using a Service-Oriented ModelDriven Approach, Marcos Lopez-Sanz, Carlos E. Cuesta, Esperanza
Marcos, Jesus Domingue
Head First Servlet Jsp by Bryan Basham, Kathy Sierra & Bert Bates
Beginning J2EE 1.4 by Mukhar & Weaver
Database management system by Silberschatz. Korth & Sudarshan
Complete reference of HTML
Html and Xml An introduction by NIIT

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