1. Find the minimum distance from the point (4,2) to the parabola y^2=8x.

A.
B.
C.
D.

43
22
3
23

d = (x-4) ^2 + (y-2} ^2

eq. 1.

y^2 = 8x
x = y^2/ 8 eq. 2
Substitute eq. 2 in eq. 1
d = (y^2/ 8 4) ^2 + (y 2) ^2
Note: d (u) = du/2u
d = 2(y^2/ 8 4) (2y/ 8) + 2(y 2) (1)/2(y^2/ 8 4) ^2 + (y 2) ^2
0 = 2(y^2/ 8 4) (2y/ 8) + 2(y 2) (1)/2(y^2/ 8 4) ^ 2 + (y 2) ^ 2
0 = (y^2/ 8 4) (2y/ 8) + (y 2) (1)
0 = y^3/ 32 y + y 2
2 = y^3/ 32
y^3 = 64
y=4

Substitute y = 4 in eq. 2
y = (4) ^2/ 8 = 2
Substitute x = 2 and y = 4 in eq. 1
d = (2 4) ^2 + (4 2) ^2
d = 8 = 4 (2)
d = 22
2. The sum of two positive numbers is 50. What are the numbers if their product is to be
the largest possible?
A.
B.
C.
D.

24 and 26
28 and 22
25 and 25
20 and 30

Let
x and y = two positive numbers
p = product of x and y
x + y = 50
y = 50 x eq. 1
p = xy eq. 2
Substitute eq. 1 in eq. 2:
p = x (50 x)
p = 50x x^2
Differentiate:
dP/dX = 50 2x
0 = 50 2x
x = 25
Substitute x = 25 in eq. 1:
y = 50 25
y = 25
Thus, the numbers are 25 and 25

3. A triangle has variable sides x, y, z subject to the constraint such that the perimeter is
fixed to 18cm. What is the maximum possible area for the triangle?
A.
B.
C.
D.

15.59cm sq.
18.71cm sq.
17.15cm sq.
14.03cm sq.

3x = 18
x=6
A = x^2 sin
A = (6) ^2 sin 60
A = 15.59 cm sq.

4. A farmer has enough money to build only 100 meters of fence. What are the
dimensions of the field he can enclose the maximum area?
A. 25m x 25m

B. 15m x 35m
C. 20m x 30m
D. 22.5m x 27.5m

2x + 2y = 100
y = 50 x eq. 1
A = xy eq. 2
Substitute eq. 1 in eq. 2:
A = x (50 x)
A = 50x x ^2
Differentiate:
dA/dx = 50 2x
0 = 50 2x
x = 25
Substitute x = 25 in eq. 1
y = 50 25
y = 25
Thus, the size of the field is 25m x 25m
5. Find the minimum amount of tin sheet that can be made into a closed cylinder having a
volume of 108 cu. Inches in square inches.
A. 125.50
B. 127.50

C. 129.50
D. 123.50

V = r^2 h
108 = r^2 h
h = 108/ r^2

eq. 1

A = 2rh + 2(r^2) eq.2

Substitute eq. 1 in eq.2
A = 2r (108/ r^2) + 2 (r^2)
A = 216/r + 2r^2 eq.3
Differentiate:
dA/dr = -216/r^2 + 4r
0 = -216/r^2 + 4r
216/r^2 = 4r
r^3 = 216/4
r = 2.58 in
Substitute r in eq. 3:
A = 216/2.58 + 2 (2.58) ^2
A = 125.544 in sq

6. A box is to be constructed from a piece of zinc 20sq.in by cutting equal squares from
each corner and turning up the zinc to form the side. What is the volume of the largest
box that can be so constructed?
A.
B.
C.
D.

599.95cu in.
592.59cu in.
579.50cu in.
622.49cu in.

V = (20 2x) (20 2x) (x)

V = (20 2x) ^2 (x)
V = (400 80x + 4x ^2) (x)
V = 400x 80x ^2 + 4x ^3 eq.1
Differentiate:
dV/dx = 400 160x + 12x ^2
0 = 400 160x + 12x ^2
By factoring:
(4x 40) (3x 10) = 0
4x = 40
x = 10 in (absurd)
3x = 10

x = 3.33 in.
Substitute x = 3.33 in eq. 1
V = 400(3.33) 80(3.33) ^2 + 4(3.33) ^3
V = 592.59 in cu.

7. A poster is to contain 300(cm square) of printed matter with margins of 10 cm at the

top and bottom and 5cm at each side. Find the overall dimensions if the total area of the
poster is minimum.
A.
B.
C.
D.

27.76cm, 47.8cm.
20.45cm, 35.6cm.
22.24cm, 44.5cm.
25.55cm, 46.7cm.

Let A = total area

Ap = area with the picture
A = (10 + x) (20 + y)
A = 200 + 10y + 20x + xy
Ap = xy
300 = xy
y = 300/x eq. 2
Substitute eq. 2 in eq.1:

eq. 1

A = 200 + 10(300/x) + 20x + (300/x)

A = 500 + 3000/x + 20x eq.3
Differentiate:
dA/dx = 0 3000/x ^2 + 20
0 = - 3000/x ^2 + 20
3000/ x ^2 = 20
x ^2 = 150
x = 12.24cm
Substitute x = 12.24 in eq.2:
y = 300/ 12.24 = 24.5cm
Thus, dimension of the poster is,
(10 + 12.24)(20 + 24.5)
Or 22.24cm by 44.5cm
8. A Norman window is in the shape of a rectangle surmounted by a semi-circle. What is
the ratio of the width of the rectangle to the total height so that it will yield a window
admitting the most light for a given perimeter?
A.
B.
C.
D.

1
1/2
2
2/3

Let: P = perimeter
P = 2x + 2y + (2x)
P = 2x + 2y + x
y = P 2x x / 2
y = 0.5P 2.57x eq.1
y = y (2x) + x ^2 eq.2
Substitute eq.1 in eq.2:
A = 2x (0.5P 2.57x) + x ^2/ 2
A = Px 5.14x ^2 + x ^2/ 2
A = Px 3.57x ^2
Differentiate:
dA/dx = P 7.14x
0 = P 7.14x
x = 0.14P
y = 0.5P 2.57(0.14P)
y = 0.14P
Solving for h:
Ratio = 2x/h = 2x/ x + y = 2(0.14P)/ 0.14P + 0.14P
Ratio = 1

9. Determine the diameter of a closed cylindrical tank having a volume of 11.3 cu. m to
obtain minimum surface area.
A.
B.
C.
D.

1.22
1.64
2.44
2.68

A = d ^2h/ 4
11.3 = d ^2h/ 4
d = 45.2/ d ^2 eq.1
A = dh + 2(d ^2/ 4) eq.2
Substitute eq.1 in eq.2:
A = dh + 2(d ^2)
A = d(45.2/ d^2) + 2(/4)d ^2
A = 45.2/ d + d ^2/ 2
Differentiate:
dA/dd = -45.2/ d ^2 + / 2(2d)
0 = -45.2/ d^2 + d
d ^3 = 45.2/
d = 2.432 in

10. The cost of fuel in running a locomotive is proportional to the square of the speed and
is $ 25 per hour for a speed of 25 miles per hour. Other costs amount to $ 100 per hour,
regardless of the speed. What is the speed which will make the cost per mile a minimum?
A.
B.
C.
D.

40
55
50
45

Let C = total cost per hour

N = speed in miles per hour
C = fuel cost + others
C = kN ^2 + 100 eq.1
Fuel cost = kN ^2
25 = k (25) ^2
k = 1/25
Substitute k in eq.1:
C = 1/25N ^2 + 100
Let x = total cost per hour / speed in miles/hour
x = 1/25N ^2 + 100 / N
x = N / 25 + 100 / N
dx / dN = 1/25 + (-100) / N ^2
N ^2 = 2500
N = 50 mph

11. The cost C of a product is a function of the quantity x of the product: C(x) = x^2
-4000 x + 50. Find the quantity for which the cost is minimum.
A.
B.
C.
D.

1000
1500
2000
3000

C = x ^2 4000x + 50
dC/dx = 2x 4000
0 = 2x 4000
2x = 4000
x = 2000
12. An open top rectangular tank with square bases is to have a volume of 10 cu. m. The
materials for its bottom are to cost P 15 per square meter and that for the sides, P 6 per
square meter. Find the most economical dimensions for the tank.
A.
B.
C.
D.

1.5m x 1.5m x 4.4m

2m x 2m x 2.5m
4m x 4m x 0.6m
3m x 3m x 1.1m

Let C = total cost

C = x ^2(15) + 4(xh) (6)
C = 15x ^2 + 24xh eq. 1
V = x ^2h
10 = x ^2h
h = 10/ x ^2 eq.2
Substitute eq.2 in eq.1:
C = 15x ^2 + 24x (10/ x ^2)
C = 15x ^2 + 240 / x
Differentiate:
dC/dx = 30x 240/ x ^2
0 = 30x 240 / x ^2
240/ x ^2 = 30x
x ^3 = 240/30
x = 2m
Substitute x = 2m in eq.2
H = 10/ (2) ^2 = 2.5m
Thus, the dimension of the tank is, 2m x 2m x 2.5m

13. What is the maximum profit-versus-production function is as given below? P is profit

and x is unit of production?
P = 200,000-x-(1.1/x+1) ^8
A.
B.
C.
D.

285,000
200,000
250,000
305,000

P = 200,000 x (1.1/ x+ 1) ^8

eq.1

Differentiate:
dP/dx = -1 -8(1.1/ x + 1) ^7 (-1.1/ (x + 1) ^2)
0 = -1 8(1.1/x + 1) ^7 (-1.1 /(x + 1) ^2)
0 = -1 + 8(1.1) ^8/ (x + 1) ^9
(x + 1) ^9 = 8(1.1) ^8
x = 0.371
Substitute x in eq.1
P = 200,000 0.371 (1.1 / 0.371 + 1) ^8
P = 199,999.457
P = 200,000
14. A boatman is at A which is 4.5 km from the nearest point B on a straight shore BM.
He wishes to reach in minimum time a point C situated on the snore 9 km from B. How
far from C should he land if he can row at the rate of 6 kph and can walk at the rate of 7.5
kph?
A.
B.
C.
D.

4.15km
3.0km
3.25km
4.0km

Let: T = total time needed

T = time to row + time to walk
T = d/ 6 + x / 7.5
T = ( (4.5) ^2 + (9 x) ^2 / 6) + (x / 7.5)
Note: d (u) = du / 2u
Differentiate:
dT/dx = (1/ 6) ( 2(9 x)(-1) / 2 (45) ^2 + (9 x) ^2) + (1 / 7.5)
- (9 x) / 6 (45) ^2 + (9 x) ^2 + (1 / 7.5) = 0
9 x / (4.5) ^2 + (9 x) ^2 = 6 / 7.5
(4.5) ^2 + (9 x) ^2 = 7.5(9 x) / 6
(4.5) ^2 + (9 x) ^2 = 1.25(9 x)
(1.25) ^2 (9 x) ^2 = (4.5) ^2 + (9 x) ^2
0.5625(9 x) ^2 = 20.25
(9 x) ^2 = 36
9x=6
x = 3km

15. A fencing is limited to 20ft length. What is the maximum rectangular area that can be
fenced in using two perpendicular corner sides of an existing wall?
A.
B.
C.
D.

120
100
140
190

x + y = 20
y = 20 x eq.1
A = xy eq.2
Substitute eq.1 in eq.2:
A = x (20 x)
A = 20x x ^2
Differentiate:
dA/dx = 20 2x
0 = 20 2x
x = 10
Substitute x = 10 in eq.1:
y = 20 10 = 10 ft
Substitute x and y in eq.2:
A = (10) (10) = 100 ft sq

16. The cost per hour of running a motor boat is proportional to the cube of the speed. At
what speed will the boat run against a current of 8 km/hr in order to go a given distance
most economically?
A.
B.
C.
D.

10 kph
13 kph
11 kph
12 kph

Let C = cost per hour

V = speed of the motorboat
Ct = total cost
C = kV ^3

eq.1

Where: k = proportionality constant

t = distance / speed = S / V- 8 eq.2
Ct = Ct eq.3
Substitute eq.1 and eq.2 in eq.3:
Ct = kV ^3 (S / V 8)
Ct = kV ^3 S / V 8
dCt / dv = [(V 8)(kS3V ^2) kSV ^3(1 0)] / [(V 8) ^2]
0 = [(V 8) (kS3V ^2) kSV ^3] / [(V 8) ^ 2]
kSV ^3 = (V 8) (3kSV ^2)
V = 3V 24
2V = 24
V = 12 kph

17. Given a cone of diameter x and altitude of h. What percent is the volume of the
largest cylinder which can be inscribed in the cone to the volume of the cone?
A.
B.
C.
D.

44%
46%
56%
65%

Let:
R = radius of the cone
H = height of the cone
r = radius of the inscribed cylinder
h = height of the inscribed cylinder
V = volume of cylinder
V = r ^2h eq.1
By ratio and proportion:
R/H=r/Hh
Hr = RH Rh
h = RH Hr / R eq.2
Substitute eq.2 in eq.1
V = r ^2 (RH Hr / r)
V = r ^2H r ^3H / R

Differentiate:
dV / dr = 2rH - 3r ^2H / R
0 = 2 rH - 3r ^2H / R
3r ^2 H /R = 2H
r = 2/ 3 R
Substitute r in eq.2:
h = RH H (2/3) R / R = 1/3H
Substitute r and h in eq.1:
V = [(2/3) R] ^2 (1/3) H
V = (4/ 27) R ^2H
Let: Vc = volume of the cone
Vc = 1/3 R ^2H
Ratio = [V / Vc = (4/ 27) R ^2H]/ [(1/ 3) R ^2H]
Ratio = 0.44

18. At any distance x from the source of light, the intensity of illumination varies directly
as the intensity of the source and inversely as the square of x. Suppose that there is a light
at A, and another at B, the one at B having an intensity 8 times that of A. The distance AB
is 4m. At what point from A on the line AB will the intensity of illumination be least?
A.
B.
C.
D.

2.15m
1.33m
1.50m
1.92m

Let:
E = intensity of illumination
A and B = illuminous intensities of the two light sources respectively
k = proportionality constant
E = kA/ x ^2 + kB/ (4 x) ^2
E = kA / x ^2 + k (8A) / (4 x) ^2
Differentiate:
dE / dx = -kA(2x) / x ^4 + (-8kA)(2)(4 x)(-1) / (4 x) ^4
0 = -kA (2x) / x ^4 + (8kA) (2) (4 x) / (4 x) ^4
kA (2x) / x ^4 = (8kA) (2) (4 x) / (4 x) ^4
1 /x ^3 = 8 / (4 x) ^3
(4 x) ^3 /x ^3 = 8
Cube root of (4 x) ^3 / x ^3 = cube root of 8
4x/ x=2
4 x = 2x
X = 1.33m

19. A wall h meters high is 2m away from the building. The shortest ladder that can
reach the building with one end resting on the ground outside the wall is 6m. How high is
the wall in meters?
A.
B.
C.
D.

2.34
2.24
2.44
2.14

sin = h / x
x = h / sin
cos = 2 /y
y = 2 / cos
L=x+y
L = h / sin + 2 / cos

eq.1

Differentiate:
dL / d = -hcos / sin ^2 + -2(-sin ) / cos ^2
0 = -hcos / sin ^2 + -2(-sin / cos ^2
hcos / sin ^2 = 2(sin ) / cos ^2
h = 2(sin ^3 ) / cos ^3
h = 2tan ^3

eq.2

Substitute L = 6 and h = 2 tan ^3 in eq.1

6 = (2tan ^3 / sin ) + (2/ cos )

6 = (2tan ^3 cos + 2sin ) / (sin cos )
6sin cos = 2tan ^3 cos + 2sin
6sin cos = 2(sin / cos ) ^3 cos + 2sin
6cos = [2(sin / cos ) ^2] + 2
3cos = [(sin / cos ) ^2] + 1
3cos = sin ^2 + cos ^2 / cos ^2
3cos ^3 = 1
cos ^3 = 0.333
= 46.1 degrees
Substitute in eq.2:
h = 2tan46.1
h = 2.24m
20. The Coordinates (x, y) in feet of a moving particle P are given by x = cost 1 and y =
2 sin t + 1, where t is the time in seconds. At what extreme rates in fps is P moving along
the curve?
A.
B.
C.
D.

3 and 2
3 and 1
2 and 0.5
2 and 1

x = cost -1
dx/ dt = -sin t
Note: dx / dt is maximum if sin t = -1
dx / dt = (-1) = 1
y = 2sin t + 1

dy / dt = 2cos t
Note: dy /dt is maximum if cos t = 1
dy/ dt = 2(1) = 2
Thus, the extreme rates are 2 and 1.

21. A statue 3m high is standing on a base of 4m high. If an observers eye is 1.5m above
the ground, how far should he stand from the base in order that the angle subtended by
the statue is a maximum?
A.
B.
C.
D.

3.41m
3.51m
3.71m
4.41m

tan ( + ) = 5.5 / x
tan + tan / 1 tan tan = 5.5 / x
(2.5 / x + tan ) / (1 2.5 tan / x) = 5.5 / x
2.5 + x tan = 5.5 13.75 tan / x
tan ( x + 13.75 / x ) = 3
tan = 3 / x + (13.75 / x)
tan 3x / x ^2 + 13.75
= arctan (3x/ x ^2 + 13.75)
Note: d (arctan u) = du / 1 + u ^2
Where:
u = 3x / x ^2 + 13.75; u ^2 = 9x ^2 / (x ^2 + 13.75) ^2
du = (x ^2 + 13.75)3 3x (2x) / (x ^2 + 13.75) ^2
Substitute:
d / dx = du / 1 + u ^2
0 = du + 1 / u ^2
0 =du
0 = (x ^2 + 13.75)3 3x (2x) / (x ^2 + 13.75) ^2
2x ^2 = x ^2 + 13.75
x ^2 = 13.75
x = 3.708

22. A man walks across a bridge at the rate of 5 fps as a boat passes directly beneath him
at 10 fps. If the bridge is 10 ft above the boat, how fast are the main and the boat
separating 1 second later?
A.
B.
C.
D.

8 fps
8.25 fps
8.33 fps
8.67 fps

S ^2 = S1 ^2 + S2 ^2 + 10 ^2
S ^2 = (10t) ^2 + (5t) ^2 + 10 ^2
S ^2 = 125t ^2 + 100

eq.1

Differentiate both sides with respect to t:

2S (dS/ dt) = 250t (dt/ dt) + 0
dS / dt = 125t / S eq.2
Substitute t = 1 in eq.1
S ^2 = 125(1) ^2 + 100
Substitute S = 15 in eq.2
dS/ dt = 125(1) / 15 = 8.33 fps

23. A LRT train 6m above the ground crosses a street at 9m/s at the instant that a car
approaching at a speed of 4m/s is 12m up the street. Find the rate of the LRT train and the
car separating one second later.
A.
B.
C.
D.

3.64 m/s
3.94 m/s
4.24 m/s
4.46 m/s

S2 = (12- 4t) ^2 + (9t) ^2 + 6 ^2

S2 = 144 96t + 16t ^2 +81t ^2 +36
S2 = 97t ^2 96t + 180 eq.1
Differentiate both sides with respect to t:
2S(dS/ dt) = 194t(dt / dt) 96(dt /dt) + 0
dS / dt = 194t 96 / 2S eq.2
Substitute t = 1 in eq.1
S ^2 = 97(1) ^2 96 (1) + 180
S = 13.45
Substitute S = 15 in eq.2:
dS / dt = 194(1) 96 / 2(13.45) = 3.64 m/s

24. Water is flowing into a conical cistern at the rate of 8 m^3/ min. If the height of the
inverted cone is 12m and the radius if its circular opening is 6m. How fast is the water
level rising when the water is 4m deep?
A.
B.
C.
D.

0.64 m/min
0.56 m/min
0.75 m/min
0.45 m/min

V = 1/3 ^2h eq.1

By ratio and proportion:
6/ 12 = r / h
R = h /2 eq.2
Substitute eq.2 in eq.1:
V = /3 (h/ 2) ^2 h
V = / 12 (h ^3)
Differentiate both sides with respect to t
dV / dt = 3 h ^2 dh / dt
Substitute dV /dt = 8 and h = 4:
8 = 3 / 12 (4) ^2 dh /dt
dh /dt = 0.64 m/ min

25. Water is pouring into a conical vessel 15cm deep and having a radius of 3.75cm
across the top. If the rate at which the water rises is 2 cm/sec, how fast is the water
flowing into the conical vessel when the water is 4 cm deep?
A.
B.
C.
D.

2.37 m^3/sec
5.73 m^3/sec
6.28 m^3/sec
4.57 m^3/sec

V = 1/3r ^2 h eq.1
By ratio and proportion
3.75 / 15 = r / h
r = h /4

eq.2

Substitute eq.2 in eq.1

V = 1/3 (h/ 4) ^2 h
V = / 48h ^3 eq.2
Differentiate both sides with respect to t:
dV /dt = 3 / 48 (h ^2) dh /dt
Substitute dh/ dt = 2 and h =4:
dV/ dt = 3 /48(4) ^2 (2)
dV /dt = 6.28 cm ^3/ s

26. Water is pouring into a swimming pool. After t hours, there are t + t gallons in the
pool. At what rate is the water pouring into the pool when t = 9 hours?
A.
B.
C.
D.

7/6 gph
8/7 gph
6/5 gph
5/4 gph

Let: Q = rate of discharge in gph

Q = t + t
Differentiatre both sides with respect to t:
dQ /dt = 1 + 1 / 2t
Substitute t = 9 hrs:
dQ / dt = 1 + 1 / 2 9 = 1 + 1/ 6
dQ / dt = 7 /6 gph

27. A helicopter is rising vertically from the ground at a constant rate of 4.5 meters per
second. When it is 75m off the ground, a jeep passed beneath the helicopter traveling in a
straight line at a constant rate of 80 kph. Determine how fact the distance between them
changing after 1 second.
A.
B.
C.
D.

12.34 m/s
11.10 m/s
10.32 m/s
9.85 m/s

V1 = 80 km /hr x 1hr / 3600sec x 1000m / 1 km

V1 = 22.22 m /sec
S ^2 = (S1) ^2 + (75 + S2) ^2
S ^2 = (22.22t) ^2 + (75 + 4.5t) ^2
S ^2 = 493.728t ^2 + 5625 + 675t + 20.25t ^2
S ^2 = 513.978t ^2 + 675t + 5625 eq.1
Differentiate both sides with respect to t:
2S( dS /dt) = 2(513.978t) (dt/ dt) + 675 (dt /dt)
dS/ dt = 513978t + 337.5 / S eq.2
Substitute t = 1 in eq. 1:
S ^2 = 513.978(1) ^2 + 675(1) + 5625
S = 82.547m
Substitute t = 1 and S =82.547 in eq.2
dS /dt = 513.978(1) + 337.5 / 82.547
dS / dt = 10.315 m/ sec
28. A balloon is released from the ground 100 meters from an observer. The balloon rises
directly upward at the rate of 4 meters per second. How fast is the balloon receding from
the observer 10 seconds later?
A.
B.
C.
D.

1.68 m/sec
1.36 m/sec
1.55 m/sec
1.49 m/sec

S ^2 = 100 ^2 + (S1) ^2
S ^2 = 100 ^2 + (4t) ^2
S ^2 = 10,000 + 16t / S eq.2
Substitute t = 10 in eq.1:
S ^2 = 10,000 + 16(10) ^2
S = 107.7m
Substitute t = 10 and S = 107.7 in eq.2
dS / dt = 16(10) / 107.7 = 1.485 m/s

29. A balloon is rising vertically over a point A on the ground at the rate of 15 ft/sec. A
point B on the ground level with and 30 ft from A. when the balloon is 40 ft from A at
what rate is its distance from B changing?
A.
B.
C.
D.

13 ft/sec
15 ft/sec
12 ft/sec
10 ft/sec

S ^2 = 30 ^2 + (S1_ ^2
S ^2 = 30 ^2 + (15t) ^2
S ^2 = 900 + 225t ^ 2

eq.1

Differentiate both sides with respect to t:

2S(dS / dt ) = 0 + 450t (dt/ dt)
dS / dt = 225t / S eq.2
When S1 = 40 ft,
S1 = 15t
40 = 15t
S = 50 ft
Substitute t = 2.667 and S = 5- in eq.2:
dS / dt = 225(2.667) / 50 = 12 ft/ s

30. Car A moves due East at 30 kph at the same instant car B is moving S 30 degrees E,
with a speed of 60 kph. The distance from A to B is 30 km. Find how fast is the distance
between them separating after one hour.
A.
B.
C.
D.

36 kph
38 kph
40 kph
45 kph

By Cosine Law
S ^2 = (30t) ^2 + (60t 30) ^2 2(30t) (60t 30) cos 60
S ^2 = 900t ^2 + (60t 30) ^2 30t (60t 30)
S ^2 = 900t ^2 + 3600t ^2 3600 + 900 1800t ^2 + 900t
S ^2 = 2700t + 900

eq.1

Differentiate both sides with respect to t:

2S(dS / dt) = 5400 (dt/ dt) 2700(dt/ dt)
dS /dt = (2700t(1) ^ 2) 1350 / S eq.2
Substitute t = 1 in eq.1
S ^2 = 2700(1) ^2 2700(1) + 900
S = 30 km
Substitute S = 30 and t = 1 in eq.2
dS / dt = 2700(1) 1350 / 30
dS / dt = 45 kph

31. A car starting at 12:00 noon travels west at a speed of 30 kph. Another car starting
from the same point at 2:00 P.M travels north at 45 kph. Find how (in kph) fast the two
are separating at 4:00 P.M?
A.
B.
C.
D.

49
51
53
55

S ^2 = (60 + Sa) ^2 + Sb ^2
S ^2 = (60 + 30t) ^2 + (45t) ^2
S ^2 = 3600 + 3600t + 900t ^2 + 2025t ^2
S ^2 = 2925t ^2 + 3600t + 3600 eq.1
Differentiate both sides with respect to t:
2S(dS/ dt) = 2(2925t)(dt/ dt) + 3600(dt /dt)
dS/ dt = 2925t + 1800 / S eq.2
Substitute t = 2 hours (from 2 p.m to 4 p.m) in eq.1
S ^2 = 2925(2) ^2 + 3600(2) + 3600
S = 150 km
Substitute S = 150 and t = 2 in eq.2
dS / dt = 2925(2) +1800 / 150
dS / dt = 150 kph

32. Two railroad tracks are perpendicular to each other. At 12:00 P.M there is a train at
each track approaching the crossing at 50 kph, one being 100 km and the other 150 km
away from the crossing. How fast in kph is the distance between the two trains changing
at 4:00 P.M?
A.
B.
C.
D.

67.08
68.08
69.08
70.08

S ^2 = (50t 100) ^2 + (50t 150) ^2

S ^2 = 2,500t ^2 10,000t + 10,000 + 2,500t ^2 15,000t + 22,500
S ^2 = 5000t ^2 25000t + 32500 eq.1
Differentiate both sides with respect to t:
2S(dS /dt) = 2(5000t)(dt/ dt) 25000(dt/ dt)
dS /dt = 5000t 12500 / S eq.2
Substitute t = 4 hours (from 12p.m to 4p.m) in eq.1
S ^2 = 5000(4) ^2 25000(4) + 32500
S = 111.8 km
Substitute S = 111.8 km and t = 4 in eq.2
dS / dt = 5000(4) 12500/ 111.8
dS/ dt = 67.084 kph

33. Water is running into a hemispherical bowl having a radius of 10 cm at a constant rate
of 3 cm^3/min. When the water is x cm. deep, the water level is rising at the rate of
0.0149 cm/min. What is the value of x?
A.
B.
C.
D.

3
2
4
5

V = x ^2 (3r x) / 3
V = x ^2[3(10) x] /3
V = 10x ^2 x ^3/ 3
Differentiate both sides with respect to t:
dV/ dt = ( 20x - 3x ^2 /3) dx/ dt
dV / dt = (20x x ^2) dx /dt eq.1
Substitute dV /dt = 3 and dx / dt = 0.0149 in eq.1
3 = (20x x ^2) (0.0149)
201.342 = 20x x ^2
x ^2 20x + 64 = 0
(x 4) (x 16) = 0
x = 4cm or x = 16cm

34. What is the allowable error in measuring the edge of the cube that is intended to hold
8 cu. m., if the error of the computed volume is not to exceed 0.03 cu. m.?
A.
B.
C.
D.

0.002
0.003
0.0025
0.001

V= x ^3 eq.1
Differentiate both sides with respect to its individual variable
dV = 3x ^2 dx

eq.2

Substitute V = 8 in eq.1
8 = x ^3
x=2
Substitute dV = 0.03 and x = 2 in eq.2
0.03 = 3(2) ^2 dx
dx = 0.0025m

35. A standard cell has an emf E 1.2 volts. If the resistance R of the circuit is
increasing at the rate of 0.03 ohm/sec, at what rate is the current I changing at the
instant when the resistance is 6 ohms? Assume Ohms law E=IR.
A.
B.
C.
D.

-0.002 amp/sec
0.004 amp/sec
-0.001 amp/sec
0.003 amp/sec

E = IR
1.2 = IR eq.1
Differentiate both sides with respect to its individual variable
Note: d(uv) = udv + vdu
0 =I (dR/ dt) + R (dl /dt) eq.2
Substitute R = 6 in eq.1
1.2 = I (6)
I = 0.2
Substitute I =0.2, dR/ dt = 0.03 and R = 6 in eq.2
0 = (0.2) (0.03) + (6) (dl / dt)
dl/ dt = -0.001 amp/sec