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Charpy Impact Test

The Charpy impact test determines the amount of energy absorbed by a material during fracture and is used to study temperature-dependent ductile-brittle transition. It was developed in the early 1900s by Russell, Charpy, and others. Today it is widely used in various industries to test materials, for example when constructing bridges to determine how storms may affect materials. Instron pioneered universal testing machines for Charpy impact testing and remains committed to delivering leading testing technologies and services. ASTM E23 details Charpy impact testing requirements and certification by the National Institute of Standards requires breaking verification specimens on the machine being certified and submitting test documentation for review.

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Shakthibalan Magalingam
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214 views

Charpy Impact Test

The Charpy impact test determines the amount of energy absorbed by a material during fracture and is used to study temperature-dependent ductile-brittle transition. It was developed in the early 1900s by Russell, Charpy, and others. Today it is widely used in various industries to test materials, for example when constructing bridges to determine how storms may affect materials. Instron pioneered universal testing machines for Charpy impact testing and remains committed to delivering leading testing technologies and services. ASTM E23 details Charpy impact testing requirements and certification by the National Institute of Standards requires breaking verification specimens on the machine being certified and submitting test documentation for review.

Uploaded by

Shakthibalan Magalingam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Charpy Impact Test

The Charpy impact test, also known as the Charpy V-notch test, is a standardized
high strain-rate test which determines the amount of energy absorbed by a
material during fracture. This absorbed energy is a measure of a given material's
notch toughness and acts as a tool to study temperature-dependent ductilebrittle transition. It is widely applied in industry, since it is easy to prepare and
conduct and results can be obtained quickly and cheaply. A disadvantage is that
some results are only comparative.[1]

The test was developed around 1900 by S.B. Russell (1898, American) and
Georges Charpy (1901, French). [2] The test became known as the Charpy test in
the early 1900s due to the technical contributions and standardization efforts by
Charpy. The test was pivotal in understanding the fracture problems of ships
during WWII.[3][4]

Today it is utilized in many industries for testing materials, for example the
construction of pressure vessels and bridges to determine how storms will affect
the materials used

Instron ( Company that uses impact test )


While researching replacement materials for parachutes, two scientists discovered
that no testing machine was accurate enough to meet their demands. They founded
Instron in 1946, and we pioneered universal testing machines featuring strain-gauge
load cells. Today, Instron remains committed to delivering the highest quality,
leading-edge technologies and services designed to push the boundaries of research,
quality control and service-life testing. Our systems evaluate the mechanical
properties of materials and structures using tensile, compression, flexural, fatigue,
impact, dynamic, torsional and multi-axial loading. Through a global infrastructure,
we offer a broad range of local service capabilities, including calibration, verification,
training, technical support, and assistance with laboratory management .

ASTM E23 NIST Certified Results For Charpy Pendulum Impact Testing .

ASTM E23 details the requirements for impact testing of Charpy specimens.
Additionally, the application we were asked to perform required NIST (National
Institute of Standards and Technology) certified results.

Since our test required impact energy of 100 Ft-Lbs, we chose the SI-1K3
Pendulum Impact Tester equipped for Charpy applications up to 300 Ft-Lbs. This
machine has specific foundation requirements to ensure accurate test results,
which can be found in the pre-installation manual. Special tongs (W-3550) are

required for handling and placing the Charpy specimen into the machine anvil for
both room and low temperature applications. NIST certification requires that the
verification specimens must be broken on the machine. There are three
verification specimen sets for consideration and the ASTM standard requires that
at least two sets be broken, which must include the high-energy series:

Set five Low Energy Series (approximately 10 - 15 Ft-Lbs) break at -40 C


Set five High Energy Series (approximately 65 - 100 Ft-Lbs) break at -40 C
Set five Super High Energy Series (approximately 130 - 180 Ft-Lbs) break at
room temperature
We chose to break the High Energy and Super High Energy Series to certify our
machine breaks for approximately 100 Ft-Lbs. Since NIST requires that the
specimens be cooled to -40 C and then tested at that temperature, it is
necessary to have a cooling bath for high series energy breaks. When we
complete the testing, we will send NIST our documentation that includes the
impact energies of each specimen along with the broken specimens for
certification review. We can expect either certification (pass) or a failure report
that includes suggestions for modifications to meet the next NIST certification
attempt.

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