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Lab. 5 Determination of Solubility Product

This document describes a laboratory experiment to determine the solubility product of potassium acid tartrate (KHT). Students dissolve 1g of KHT in 50mL solutions with varying molarities of potassium chloride (KCl) from 0 to 0.08M. The solutions are titrated against sodium hydroxide and the endpoint volumes are recorded. The solubility product (Ksp) is calculated using the concentrations of hydrogen tartrate (HT-) and potassium (K+) ions. As the KCl concentration increases, the HT- concentration decreases to maintain the solubility product, causing KHT to precipitate out of solution. The purpose is to study how changing the concentration of one ion affects the solubility of a slightly soluble salt

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354 views4 pages

Lab. 5 Determination of Solubility Product

This document describes a laboratory experiment to determine the solubility product of potassium acid tartrate (KHT). Students dissolve 1g of KHT in 50mL solutions with varying molarities of potassium chloride (KCl) from 0 to 0.08M. The solutions are titrated against sodium hydroxide and the endpoint volumes are recorded. The solubility product (Ksp) is calculated using the concentrations of hydrogen tartrate (HT-) and potassium (K+) ions. As the KCl concentration increases, the HT- concentration decreases to maintain the solubility product, causing KHT to precipitate out of solution. The purpose is to study how changing the concentration of one ion affects the solubility of a slightly soluble salt

Uploaded by

sultan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lab. No.

Physical Pharmacy I

Determination of solubility product

Lab. 5

Determination of solubility product of


slightly soluble salt
Introduction
When slightly soluble salts are dissolved to form saturated solutions, the
solubility is described by a special constant, known as the solubility product
(Ksp).
Ksp = CA * CB
An example of such solution is silver chloride. The solubility product of
silver chloride can be expressed as:
Ksp = [AG+] [Cl-]
Where the brackets [ ] represents concentration in mole/liter.

In this case, Ksp is the multiplication of molar concentrations of silver and


chloride ions. If the silver ion concentration is increased by the addition of soluble
silver salt, the chloride ion concentration will decrease so that the solubility
product remains the same. As a result, Silver chloride will precipitate (its
solubility will decreased) in order to decrease chloride ion concentration.
The same thing occurs when chloride ion concentration is increased by the
addition of soluble chloride salt, the silver ion concentration will decrease to
maintain the same solubility product. Again this decrease in silver ion
concentration is caused by the precipitation of silver chloride.

Materials and equipment


1. Potassium acid tartrate, 0.1 M Potassium chloride, 0.025 M sodium
hydroxide, and phenolphthalein indicator.
2. Conical flask, burette, pipette, measuring cylinder, filter paper and balance.

Procedure
1. Into five 50 ml volumetric flasks, add 1 g of KHT (potassium acid tartrate) +
50 ml aqueous solution of different molarities of KCl (0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, and
0.08 M). The solutions are prepared from 0.1 M KCl solution.
2. Shake for 10 minutes, leave 15 minute for equilibration, and then filter.

University of Kerbala

23

College of Pharmacy

Lab. No. 5

Physical Pharmacy I

Determination of solubility product

3. Take 10 ml of the filtrate, titrate against 0.025 M NaOH using


phenolphthalein as an indicator, and record the results.

Calculations

Fig 6-1: The dissociation of potassium acid tartrate

Flask (1):
KHT
K+ + HTKsp = [HT-] [K+]
In other flasks:
KHT
K+ + HTKCl
K+ + ClKsp = [HT-] [K+ +K+ from KCl]
In titration:
HT- + NaOH
NaHT + H2O
No. of moles of HT = No. of moles of NaOH
[HT-] * V HT- = [NaOH] * V NaOH
[HT-] * 10 = 0.025 * E.P1
[K+] = [HT-]
For flask (1):
Ksp = [HT-]2
For other flasks we have E.P2, E.P3, E.P4, and E.P5
[K+] = [HT-] + [KCl]
Ksp for flask (2) = [HT-] ([HT-] + 0.02)
Ksp for flask (3) = [HT-] ([HT-] + 0.04)
Ksp for flask (4) = [HT-] ([HT-] + 0.06)
Ksp for flask (5) = [HT-] ([HT-] + 0.08)

University of Kerbala

24

College of Pharmacy

Lab. No. 5

Group:

Physical Pharmacy I

Subgroup:

Date:

Determination of solubility product

Lab instructor signature:

Names:

Results
Flask no.
1
2
3
4
5

M KCl

University of Kerbala

E.P

25

[HT]

[K+]

Ksp

College of Pharmacy

Lab. No. 5

Physical Pharmacy I

Determination of solubility product

Homework:
1. What is the effect of increasing the concentration of KCl on the water
solubility of KHT?

University of Kerbala

26

College of Pharmacy

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