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Experiment 3: Method of Flow Measurement

This experiment aims to demonstrate typical flow measurement devices for incompressible fluids including a venturi meter, orifice plate, and rotameter. Students will connect the measurement lines and record the flow rates measured by each device at different pump settings. They will then calculate the flow rates using Bernoulli's equation and determine any percentage difference between the measured and calculated rates. The results will be analyzed to discuss the differences observed for each flow measurement device.

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Arif Hilmi
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130 views

Experiment 3: Method of Flow Measurement

This experiment aims to demonstrate typical flow measurement devices for incompressible fluids including a venturi meter, orifice plate, and rotameter. Students will connect the measurement lines and record the flow rates measured by each device at different pump settings. They will then calculate the flow rates using Bernoulli's equation and determine any percentage difference between the measured and calculated rates. The results will be analyzed to discuss the differences observed for each flow measurement device.

Uploaded by

Arif Hilmi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Fluid Mechanics (CLB 11003)

Experiment 3: Method of Flow Measurement

Experiment 3
Method of Flow Measurement
Objective

To demonstrate typical flow measurement devices for incompressible fluids:


(1) venturi meter, (2) orifice plate and (3) rotameter.

To compare the difference in flow rate incurred by each of these device.

Overview
In engineering and industrial practice, fluid measurement of many of the
variables and properties, such as density, viscosity, pressure, velocity, flow rate
and etc is one of the problems most frequently encountered by engineers. It is
therefore essential for engineers to be well equipped with knowledge of the
fundamentals and existing methods of measuring various fluid properties and
phenomena. This apparatus is specially designed to obtain the flow rate
measurement by utilizing three basic types of flow measuring techniques, which
are float-type flow meter, venturi meter and the orifice meter.

Experimental Procedure
1.

Connect measurement lines.

2.

Open all valves at pipe section and the six tubes manometer.

3.

Switch on the pump and let the water flow for one minute or until all air
has been expelled from the pipe work, then switch off the pump.

4.

Close both the inlet and flow control valves. Let the vent and drain valves
of the six tubes manometer opened.

5.

Now immediately close vent and drain valves.

Fluid Mechanics (CLB 11003)


Experiment 3: Method of Flow Measurement

6.

Adjust the height of the manometer tubes by slightly opening and closing
vent and drain valves until the height of the manometer become 150 mm.

7.

Switch on the pump and open inlet valve slowly.

8.

Adjust the height of the water in the manometer tubes with the help of flow
control valve until you get the difference in levels between each manometer.

9.

Record the flow rate shown by the rotameter.

10.

Without adjusting any valves, convey the water outlet hose into a
container whose capacity is known and record the time taken for the water
to fill it up.

11.

Record manometer readings in the sample reading table.

12.

Record the volume of water collected in the catch tank V in time t.

13.

Repeat step 8 to 11 for other flow rate.

Fluid Mechanics (CLB 11003)


Experiment 3: Method of Flow Measurement

Figure 1: Flowmeter Apparatus

Fluid Mechanics (CLB 11003)


Experiment 3: Method of Flow Measurement

Results
Manometer Reading (mm)

Rotameter
(L/hr)

Rotameter
(L/min)

Manometer
Reading
(mm)
1

200

Vol.
(L)

Flow
rate Q
(L/min)

Time
(min)

Flow rate calculated


using Bernoullis
Eq. (L/min)
Venturi

300

20
20

400

20

500

20

600

20

Orifice

Difference %

Venturi

Orifice

Rotameter

Fluid Mechanics (CLB 11003)


Experiment 3: Method of Flow Measurement

Fluid Mechanics (CLB 11003)


Experiment 3: Method of Flow Measurement

1.

Determine the flow rate of Q as given by (1) venturi meter, (2) orifice plate
2p

Q = Ad
Where:

k p

p = hg

2.

with h = h1 h2 for orifice meter


h = h3 h4 for venturi meter

For venturi meter

: k = 240 hr

For orifice meter

: k = 293 hr

litre
mbar

litre
mbar

Calculate the percentage of difference in flow rate of (1) venturi, (2) orifice
and (3) rotameter compare to the measured flow rate.

Discussion

Discuss the difference of measured and calculated flow rate of each device.

Fluid Mechanics (CLB 11003)


Experiment 3: Method of Flow Measurement

Tutorial
1.

What are the limitations of Bernoullis Theorem?

2.

What are the primary considerations when selecting a flow meter to


measure the flow rate of a fluid?

3.

Explain how flow rate is measured with obstruction-type flow meters.


Compare orifice meters and venturi meters with respect to cost size, head
loss and accuracy.

References

1. Robert L. Street, Gary Z. Walters, John K. Vennard. Elementary Fluid


Mechanics. 7th Ed. John Wiley & Sons Inc.
2. Anthony Esposito. Fluid Mechanics with Applications. Prentice Hall
International Inc.
3. Robert L.Mott. Applied Fluid Mechanics 5th Ed. Prentice Hall International
Inc.

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