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Differential Amplifier Layout

The document describes the design and layout of a differential amplifier circuit. It consists of a differential pair and current mirrors to produce an output voltage difference. To improve the circuit, common centroid and twisted pair techniques are applied to better match transistors and minimize noise. Simulation shows the presim and postsim gain are 43.1dB and phase margin around 84 degrees, demonstrating the layout techniques successfully improved the circuit performance and stability.

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Francisco De Kamimore
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
864 views

Differential Amplifier Layout

The document describes the design and layout of a differential amplifier circuit. It consists of a differential pair and current mirrors to produce an output voltage difference. To improve the circuit, common centroid and twisted pair techniques are applied to better match transistors and minimize noise. Simulation shows the presim and postsim gain are 43.1dB and phase margin around 84 degrees, demonstrating the layout techniques successfully improved the circuit performance and stability.

Uploaded by

Francisco De Kamimore
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Figure 1.

Schematic diagram for Differential Amplifier


Differential Amplifier consists of a differential pair and current mirrors. In this circuit, Mn2 and
Mn1 make the differential pair and Mn8 and Mn5 and the mosfets Mp3 and Mp4 make the current
mirrors. Differential amplifiers produce an output with a difference of two voltages. The main advantage
of this circuit is that it is more immune to noise than an ordinary amplifier.

Fig 2. Modified Specifications of the circuit


The circuit in figure 1 consists of transistors that have mismatches. Ratios of current mirror are
around 10 while the ratio of differential pair is around 5. To modify this circuit, we apply common
centroid technique. To better match the transistors, we add multipliers.

Fig 3. Differential pair layout with common centroid technique and twisted connections
Twisted connections improve the layout by minimizing the noise through canceling out
electromagnetic interference.

Fig 4. NMOS Current Mirror


Similar to Fig 3, this layout also applies the twisted pair connections and also minimizing noise.

Fig 5. PMOS current mirror


The technique applied in this layout is the same with the figure 4 and figure 3 which is the
common centroid. However, this one is different for making the overall layout to shape like a square.

Fig 6 Overall layout of the differential amplifier


DRC and LVS verification:

Fig 7 DRC Verification

Fig 8 LVS verification

RESULTS and DISCUSSIONS

Fig 9. Presim Gain of the differential amplifier with 43.1dB

Fig 10 Presim phase margin of the differential amplifier with 84.9 degrees

Fig 11. Differential amplifier gain with 43.1dB

Fig 12. Post sim phase margin around 84.4 degrees

Gain
Phase Margin

Presim
43.1dB
84.9 degrees
Table 1.1 Comparisonn of Presim and Postsim

Postsim
43.1dB
84.4 degrees

Conclusion:
Normal layouts can be improved by applying techniques. As we can see from Table1.1, Presim
data is so much improved when we layout it. This is because we use the technique common centroid
layout. Applying this technique can reduce the area and conserve more space for additional circuits in a
wafer. Also, applying twisted pair connects immunes the circuit from noise. Normal connections has a
high chance of not improving the pre simulation that is why applying these type of techniques help a lot
in making the stability and the amplification of the differential amplifier. We can see that the stability of
the differential amplifier in the layout is improved compared to the pre simulation. However, this can
further improved by adding compensating devices like capacitors and resistors.

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