Scribd
Upload
345 views

Alignment Procedure P

The document provides detailed steps for performing an alignment procedure. It begins with introducing common alignment methods like face and rim or reverse indicator methods. It then lists 15 major sequential steps for a successful alignment, including preparing by tagging out the unit, checking for soft feet, obtaining readings, calculating shims required, and assembling the spacer. It explains how to analyze indicator readings that are positive or negative and how to manipulate the values when correcting for things like sag and run-out.

Uploaded by

vinothenergy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
345 views

Alignment Procedure P

The document provides detailed steps for performing an alignment procedure. It begins with introducing common alignment methods like face and rim or reverse indicator methods. It then lists 15 major sequential steps for a successful alignment, including preparing by tagging out the unit, checking for soft feet, obtaining readings, calculating shims required, and assembling the spacer. It explains how to analyze indicator readings that are positive or negative and how to manipulate the values when correcting for things like sag and run-out.

Uploaded by

vinothenergy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 8

LESSON

PREPARATION AND DETAILED STEPS


OF ALIGNMENT PROCEDURE

LECTURE
SUB-OBJECTIVE
At the end of this lesson the trainee will be able to demonstrate an understanding
the Preparation and detailed steps of Alignment Procedure.

1.0

INTRODUCTION
The different methods of shaft alignment are used but the most common
methods of alignment are as:
A.

FACE AND RIM METHOD.

By feeler gauge

By using single dial indicator (face and rim alternatively)

By using two dial indicator (one on face and one on rim)

Rim & Face dynamic (When both shaft can rotate easily)

Rim & face static (When one shaft is difficult to move or dynamic
to static method.

B.

REVERSE INDICATOR METHOD

Single indicator (use alternatively on each shaft)

Two indicator method

Which method is to be used? Can be desired according to the situation and


accuracy requirement, but the preparation and detailed steps of alignment
are almost the same for successfully alignment achievement.

2.0

DETAILED STEPS OF ALIGNMENT


The fifteen major steps that follow have proven themselves time and time
again to be accurate and fast. Steps 1 and 6 thru 15 must be performed in
sequence. Steps 2 thru 5 can be done in any order. I have listed these four
steps in the order which I perform them.

2.1

TAG OUT THE UNIT


Unit should be electrical isolated and if necessary also mechanically isolated
and obtain the P.T.W.

2.2

CHECK FEET AND PADS

ADVANCED COURSE
LESSON 2 PAGE 1

MECHANICAL MAINTENANCE
MACHINE ALIGNMENT

Check the motor or prime mover feet and pads for dirt, dust and point
deposit. Check for burs and tenfold of pads.

2.3

ROUGH ALIGN
Prior to installation of brackets and assembly of coupling a rough alignment
should be done. By doing this, you make sure of two things.

2.4

First that the displacement of the shaft is not great enough to


possibly wreck the dial indicator as they go around.

Secondly rough alignment in sure that the driver is indeed lower


than the driven which makes shim changes to the driver possible.

TEMPORARY SPACER
This temporary spacer required when the axial end float is present, by
temporary spacer shaft can locked on their operating center (magnetic
center).

2.5

TEMPORARY COUPLING MAKE UP


Since the coupling will have to be opened up to remove the temporary
spacer, it is not necessary to completely assembly the coupling only
sufficient bolts to insure that both shafts will rotate as one are required.

MECHANICAL MAINTENANCE
MACHINE ALIGNMENT

ADVANCED COURSE
LESSON 2 PAGE 2

2.6

INSTALL BRACKET & POST


There are many types of brackets are used according to the method of
alignment and situation but remember for all kinds of brackets to keep X
and Y dimensions (as Fig. 2-1) to be minimum. After selection of correct
bracket their sag should be checked as shown in Fig. 2-1.

Fig. 2-1. X, Y Dimension and Finding Bracket Sag.


Remember the bracket sag is the negative quantity and it always mines from
the bottom reading.
After Sag measurement installed the bracket on the shaft rigidly make sure
their is no looseness and deflection of the bracket. After that slowly make
one revolution to make sure the brackets clear and the indicator do not jam.

ADVANCED COURSE
LESSON 2 PAGE 3

MECHANICAL MAINTENANCE
MACHINE ALIGNMENT

2.7

RECORD SHEET COMPLETION


Shown in Figure (15-1-7, Lesson No. 1) is the completed record sheet that
will be used for our sample problem. At this point, the top half of the sheet
should be completed. Also the direction should be established. In this case
North was used. This will permit anyone to relate the readings to the unit.
The direction of rotation should be noted by completing the arrows inside the
circles.

2.8

SOFT FOOT CHECK


With the indicators now in position, the check for the soft foot can be made.
Concentrate only on the OD indicator for shaft movement during the check.
Any two adjacent feet, generally one side of the unit, should be tested.
Unfortunately, or fortunately which ever the case may be, there is no
scientific approach used to determine the amount of shims required to
correct a soft foot. The amount depends primarily on the geometry of the
unit in conjunction with the position of the brackets as well as which foot
correction is being made to. The geometry of most general process units will
permit the rule of thumb of 1 mil shim for each 1 mil reading. This does not
apply to all cases but it is a starting point.

2.9

SIDE TO SIDE ALIGNMENT


Alignment first in the vertical, side to side, plane is mandatory. This is the
step in the procedure which makes the top to bottom readings valid for the
purpose of calculating the necessary shims.

2.10

OBTAIN A SET OF READING


Once the side to side alignment has be done or satisfied, a complete set of
readings can be obtained and records.

2.11

RECORD DIMENSIONS
Now that the misalignment of the unit at the post has been determined,
information need for calculations must be determined. This information,
dimensions of the unit, will permit the calculation of the misalignment at any
point along the unit, not just at the post.
How much dimensions are required is depend upon the type of alignment
method Fig. 2-2 shown the dimension required for two indicator rim face
method.

MECHANICAL MAINTENANCE
MACHINE ALIGNMENT

ADVANCED COURSE
LESSON 2 PAGE 4

Fig. 2-2. Fixing the bracket and other dimensions.

2.12

CORRECT & COLLECT READINGS


After a set of reading that should be corrected by removing the Sag and
minimized the side reading number Sag of -6 taken from -22 will leave OD
TIR of -16 (Fig. 2-3). These are the corrected values need for the
calculation.

ADVANCED COURSE
LESSON 2 PAGE 5

MECHANICAL MAINTENANCE
MACHINE ALIGNMENT

Fig. 2-3. Collected and Corrected Reading.

2.13

SHIMS REQUIRED
After correcting the reading is the step of shims required for correcting the
alignment, shim requirement can be determined either by calculation or by
graphic method.

2.14

Shim the movable machine and make final alignment check.

2.15

Assemble the spacer and proceed for coupling bolt tightening .

3.0

POSITIVE & NEGATIVE QUANTITIES


Indicator readings, by virtue of the stems relative position, can be either
positive or negative in value. One of the greatest assets to have when
working with positive and negative quantities is the ability to manipulate
these values with ease. Such was the case when determining total
displacement previously. This ability to manipulate the values will prove
invaluable in many aspects of shaft alignment as presented herein. It is
used when correcting for sag and run-out as well as determining total
displacement and final readings.

MECHANICAL MAINTENANCE
MACHINE ALIGNMENT

ADVANCED COURSE
LESSON 2 PAGE 6

3.1

LIKE SIGNS ( FIG 2-4)


using opposite readings, subtract the smaller from the larger, place this
difference in place of the largest factor, place a zero in place of the smallest
factor. If this difference is a negative reading and a positive reading is
desired, switch sides and change the sign as with the face readings below.

Fig. 2-4. Like Signs.


See the OD reading on Fig. 2-4. The dial set 0 on the top (12 O'clock). On
9:00 O'clock it is +26 and at 3:00 O'clock position it reading +12. The
indicator did not changes sign but simply decreased in value from + 26 to +
12. Both points of the plane are therefore positive, the left being more so
than the right, by 14 mils to be exact. Analysis of the face readings can be
made by the same logics.

ADVANCED COURSE
LESSON 2 PAGE 7

MECHANICAL MAINTENANCE
MACHINE ALIGNMENT

3.2

UNLIKE SIGNS (FIG 2-5)


Add opposite readings, place the sum on the side of the larger reading,
place a zero on the other side. Give the sum the sign of the larger of the two
readings. To change a negative reading to a positive reading, switch sides
with the reading and change sign to positive.

Fig. 2-5. Unlike Signs.


When the signs are not alike on reading that are opposite, the analysis is
somewhat easier as in Fig. 2-5. The indicator that is set at a + 40 and goes
through zero to a -30 traveled a total a 70 mils in the negative direction, or
the stem was coming out throughout its travel. Where the reading is zeroed
is arbitrary. This reading could have been 0 at 9:00 oclock just as easy as at
the 3:00 oclock position. The face indicator stem traveled 12 mils, positive,
to get to zero then went an additional 5 mils positive. This accounts for the +
17 at the 3:00 oclock face position.

MECHANICAL MAINTENANCE
MACHINE ALIGNMENT

ADVANCED COURSE
LESSON 2 PAGE 8

You might also like