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Energy Balance

This document provides an energy balance analysis for several reactors and heaters in a chemical process. It gives the temperature and energy flows for multiple input and output streams. Calculation methods and standard heat of formation values are used to determine the energy changes and heat duties for each component.

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ShameerSamsuri
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65 views

Energy Balance

This document provides an energy balance analysis for several reactors and heaters in a chemical process. It gives the temperature and energy flows for multiple input and output streams. Calculation methods and standard heat of formation values are used to determine the energy changes and heat duties for each component.

Uploaded by

ShameerSamsuri
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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6.

0 Energy Balance
6.1 Energy Balance on Reactor (R-100)
Stream

Temperature ( )

18
19

255
255

Reference state: CO(g), CO2(g), H2(g), CH3OH(g), H2O(g) at 25C and 1 atm.
Component

nin (mol/s)

Hin (kJ/mol)

nout (mol/s)

Hout (kJ/mol)

CO

1.095

H1

0.767

H6

CO2

0.658

H2

0.211

H7

H2

16.492

H3

14.325

H8

CH3OH

0.114

H4

1.092

H9

H2O

0.032

H5

0.243

H10

^
H

= (Hf)CO +

Value of

^
H

CO

^
H

CO

by interpolation

200

5.16

255

300

8.17

X = 6.816 kJ/mol
Thus

^
H

= -110.52 + 6.816

= -103.704 kJ/mol

^
H

^
H

= (Hf)CO +

Value of

^
H

CO

CO

by interpolation

200

7.08

255

300

11.58

X = 9.55 kJ/mol
^
H

Thus

= -393.5 + 9.55

= -383.95 kJ/mol
^
H

= (Hf)H +

Value of

^
H

^
H

by interpolation

200

5.06

255

300

7.96

X = 6.665 kJ/mol
Thus

^
H

= 0 + 6.665

= 6.665 kJ/mol

^
H

^
H

= (Hf)CH3OH +

CH3OH

255

201.2+ 42.93 103+ 8.301 105 dT


25

188.65 kJ / mol

^
H

= (Hf)H0 +

Value of

^
H

H0

^
H

H0

by interpolation

200

6.01

255

300

9.57

X = 7.968 kJ/mol
Thus

^
H

= -241.83 + 7.968

= -233.862 kJ/mol
Since Isothermal reactor
H1 = H6 = -103.704 kJ/mol
H2 = H7 = -383.95 kJ/mol
H3 = H8 =6.665 kJ/mol
H4 = H9 = 188.65 kJ /mol

H5 = H10 =-233.862 kJ/mol


H

n ( ou t ) H (out)

n ( ) H ()

= 341.31 kJ/s

Q + Ws= H + Ek + Ep
Where Ws, Ek, Epis zero
Therefore Q = H = 341.31 kJ/s
6.2 Energy Balance around Heater (E-101)
Stream

Temperature ( )

7
8

500
305

Reference state: CH4(g), H2O(g), H2(g), CO(g), CO2(g), CH3OH(g), at 25C


and 1 atm.
Component

nin(mol/s)

Hin(kJ/mol)

nout(mol/s)

Hout(kJ/mol)

CH4

0.184

H1

0.184

H7

H20

1.41

H2

1.41

H8

H2

3.254

H3

3.254

H9

CO

0.787

H4

0.787

H10

CO2

0.251

H5

0.251

H11

CH3OH

H6

H12

C p , CH

3
5
= 34.31 10 +5.469 10 T

500

^
H

0.03431+5.469 105 T dT
25

kJ/mol.

23.12

=
^
H

17.01 kJ/mol

13.83

kJ/mol

14.38

kJ/mol

21.34

kJ/mol

^
H

^
H

^
H

C p , CH OH
3

42.93 103 +8.301105 T

500

^
H

42.93 103 +8.301 105 T dT


25

kJ/mol.

30.74

305

^
H

12.13

=
^
H

0.03431+5.469 105 T dT
25

kJ/mol.

= (Hf)H0 +

Value of

^
H

H0

^
H

H0

by interpolation

300

9.57

305

400

13.23

X = 9.753 kJ/mol
^
H

Thus

= -241.83 + 9.753

= -232.077 kJ/mol
^
H

^
H

= (Hf)H +

^
H

Value of

by interpolation

300

7.96

305

400

10.89

X = 8.1065 kJ/mol
^
H

Thus

= 0 + 8.1065

= 8.1065 kJ/mol
^
H

= (Hf)CO +

10

^
H

Value of

CO

^
H

CO

by interpolation

300

8.17

305

400

11.25

X = 8.016 kJ/mol
Thus

^
H

= -110.52 + 8.016

10

= -102.504 kJ/mol
^
H

^
H

= (Hf)CO +

11

^
H

Value of

CO

CO

by interpolation

300

11.58

305

400

16.35

X = 12.3185 kJ/mol
^
H

Thus

= -393.5 + 12.3185

11

= -381.1815 kJ/mol
305

^
H

=
H

12

15.86

42.93 103 +8.301 105 T dT


25

kJ/mol.

n ( out ) H (out)

n ( ) H ()

= -564.88 kJ/s
Q + Ws= H + Ek + Ep
Where Ws, Ek, Epis zero
Therefore Q = H = -564.88 kJ/s
6.3 Energy Balance around Heater (E-102)
Stream

Temperature ( )

8
9

305
136.754

Reference state: CH4(g), H2O(g), H2(g), CO(g), CO2(g), CH3OH(g), at 25C


and 1 atm.
Component

nin(mol/s)

Hin(kJ/mol)

nout(mol/s)

Hout(kJ/mol)

CH4

0.184

H1

0.184

H7

H20

1.41

H2

1.41

H8

H2

3.254

H3

3.254

H9

CO

0.787

H4

0.787

H10

CO2

0.251

H5

0.251

H11

CH3OH

H6

H12

C p , CH

3
5
= 34.31 10 +5.469 10 T

305

^
H

0.03431+5.469 105 T dT
25

kJ/mol.

12.13

=
^
H

= (Hf)H0 +

Value of

^
H

H0

^
H

H0

by interpolation

300

9.57

305

400

13.23

X = 9.753 kJ/mol
Thus

^
H

= -241.83 + 9.753

= -232.077 kJ/mol
^
H

^
H

= (Hf)H +

Value of

^
H

by interpolation

300

7.96

305

400

10.89

X = 8.1065 kJ/mol
^
H

Thus

= 0 + 8.1065

= 8.1065 kJ/mol
^
H

= (Hf)CO +

Value of

^
H

CO

^
H

CO

by interpolation

300

8.17

305

400

11.25

X = 8.016 kJ/mol
^
H

Thus

= -110.52 + 8.016

= -102.504 kJ/mol
^
H

= (Hf)CO +

^
H

CO

Value of

^
H

CO

by interpolation

300

11.58

305

400

16.35

X = 12.3185 kJ/mol
^
H

Thus

= -393.5 + 12.3185

= -381.1815 kJ/mol
C p , CH OH
3

42.93 103 +8.301105 T

305

^
H

15.86

42.93 103 +8.301 105 T dT


25

kJ/mol.
136.754

^
H

4.33

=
^
H

0.03431+5.469 105 T dT

25

kJ/mol.

= (Hf)H0 +

Value of

^
H

H0

^
H

H0

by interpolation

100

2.54

136.754

200

6.01

X = 3.815 kJ/mol
^
H

Thus

= -241.83 + 3.815

= -238.015 kJ/mol
^
H

^
H

= (Hf)H +

^
H

Value of

by interpolation

100

2.16

136.754

200

5.06

X = 3.23 kJ/mol
^
H

Thus

= 0 + 3.23

= 3.23 kJ/mol
^
H

= (Hf)CO +

10

^
H

Value of

CO

^
H

CO

by interpolation

100

2.19

136.754

100

5.16

X = 3.28kJ/mol
Thus

^
H

= -110.52 + 3.28

10

= -107.24 kJ/mol
^
H

^
H

= (Hf)CO +

11

^
H

Value of

CO

CO

by interpolation

100

2.90

136.754

200

7.08

X = 4.44 kJ/mol
^
H

Thus

= -393.5 + 4.44

11

= -389.06 kJ/mol
136.754

^
H

12

5.55

42.93 103 +8.301 105 T dT

25

kJ/mol.

n ( out ) H (out)

n ( ) H ()

= 39.35 kJ/s
Q + Ws= H + Ek + Ep
Where Ws, Ek, Epis zero
Therefore Q = H = 39.35 kJ/s
6.4 Energy Balance around Heater (E-105)
Stream

Temperature ( )

19
20

255
195.024

Reference state: CH4(g), H2O(g), H2(g), CO(g), CO2(g), CH3OH(g), at 25C


and 1 atm.
Component

nin(mol/s)

Hin(kJ/mol)

nout(mol/s)

Hout(kJ/mol)

CH4

2.371

H1

2.371

H7

H20

0.243

H2

0.243

H8

H2

14.34

H3

14.34

H9

CO

0.333

H4

0.333

H10

CO2

0.446

H5

0.446

H11

CH3OH

1.086

H6

1.086

H12

C p , CH

3
5
= 34.31 10 +5.469 10 T

255

^
H

9.65

=
^
H

0.03431+5.469 105 T dT
25

kJ/mol.

= (Hf)H0 +

Value of

^
H

H0

^
H

H0

by interpolation

200

6.01

255

300

9.57

X = 7.968 kJ/mol
Thus

^
H

= -241.83 + 9.753

= -232.077 kJ/mol
^
H

^
H

= (Hf)H +

Value of

^
H

by interpolation

200

5.06

255

300

7.96

X = 6.665 kJ/mol
^
H

Thus

= 0 + 6.665

= 6.665 kJ/mol
^
H

= (Hf)CO +

Value of

^
H

CO

^
H

CO

by interpolation

200

5.16

255

300

8.17

X = 6.816 kJ/mol
^
H

Thus

= -110.52 + 6.816

= -103.704 kJ/mol
^
H

= (Hf)CO +

^
H

CO

Value of

^
H

CO

by interpolation

200

7.08

255

300

11.58

X = 9.55 kJ/mol
^
H

Thus

= -393.5 + 9.55

= -383.95 kJ/mol
C p , CH OH
3

42.93 103 +8.301105 T

255

^
H

12.55

42.93 103 +8.301 105 T dT


25

kJ/mol.
195.024

^
H

6.86

=
^
H

0.03431+5.469 105 T dT

25

kJ/mol.

= (Hf)H0 +

Value of

^
H

H0

^
H

H0

by interpolation

100

2.54

195.024

200

6.01

X = 5.84 kJ/mol
^
H

Thus

= -241.83 + 5.84

= -235.99 kJ/mol
^
H

^
H

= (Hf)H +

^
H

Value of

by interpolation

100

2.16

195.024

200

5.06

X = 4.92 kJ/mol
^
H

Thus

= 0 + 4.92

= 4.92 kJ/mol
^
H

= (Hf)CO +

10

^
H

Value of

CO

^
H

CO

by interpolation

100

2.19

195.024

100

5.16

X = 5.01kJ/mol
Thus

^
H

= -110.52 + 5.01

10

= -107.24 kJ/mol
^
H

= (Hf)CO +

11

^
H

Value of

CO

^
H

CO

by interpolation

100

2.90

195.024

200

7.08

X = 6.87 kJ/mol
^
H

Thus

= -393.5 + 6.87

11

= -386.63 kJ/mol
195.024

^
H

12

11.33

42.93 103 +8.301 105 T dT

25

kJ/mol.

n ( out ) H (out)

n ( ) H ()

= -36.29 kJ/s
Q + Ws= H + Ek + Ep
Where Ws, Ek, Epis zero
Therefore Q = H = -36.29 kJ/s
6.5 Energy Balance around Heater (E-106)
Stream

Temperature ( )

21
23

40
70

Reference state: CH4(g), H2O(g), H2(g), CO(g), CO2(g), CH3OH(g), at 25C


and 1 atm.
Component

nin(mol/s)

Hin(kJ/mol)

nout(mol/s)

Hout(kJ/mol)

CH4

0.00283

H1

0.00283

H7

H20

0.239

H2

0.239

H8

H2

0.00372

H3

0.00372

H9

CO

0..00013

H4

0..00013

H10

CO2

0.00617

H5

0.00617

H11

CH3OH

0.963

H6

0.963

H12

C p , CH

3
5
= 34.31 10 +5.469 10 T

40

^
H

0.54

=
^
H

0.03431+5.469 105 T dT
25

kJ/mol.

= (Hf)H0 +

Value of

^
H

H0

^
H

H0

by interpolation

25

40

100

2.54

X = 0.508 kJ/mol
Thus

^
H

= -241.83 + 0.508

= -232.077 kJ/mol
^
H

^
H

= (Hf)H +

Value of

^
H

by interpolation

25

40

100

2.16

X = 0.432 kJ/mol
^
H

Thus

= 0 + 0.432

= 0.432 kJ/mol
^
H

= (Hf)CO +

Value of

^
H

CO

^
H

CO

by interpolation

25

40

100

2.19

X = 0.438 kJ/mol
^
H

Thus

= -110.52 + 0.438

= -110.082 kJ/mol
^
H

= (Hf)CO +

^
H

CO

Value of

^
H

CO

by interpolation

25

40

100

2.9

X = 0.58 kJ/mol
^
H

Thus

= -393.5 + 0.58

= -392.92 kJ/mol
C p , CH OH
3

42.93 103 +8.301105 T

40

^
H

0.68

42.93 103+ 8.301 105 T dT


25

kJ/mol.
70

^
H

1.66

=
^
H

0.03431+5.469 105 T dT
25

kJ/mol.

= (Hf)H0 +

Value of

^
H

H0

^
H

H0

by interpolation

25

70

100

2.54

X = 1.524 kJ/mol
^
H

Thus

= -241.83 + 1.524

= -240.306 kJ/mol
^
H

^
H

= (Hf)H +

^
H

Value of

by interpolation

25

70

100

2.16

X = 1.296 kJ/mol
^
H

Thus

= 0 + 1.296

= 1.296 kJ/mol
^
H

= (Hf)CO +

10

^
H

Value of

CO

^
H

CO

by interpolation

25

70

100

2.19

X = 1.314 kJ/mol
Thus

^
H

= -110.52 + 1.314

10

= -109.206 kJ/mol
^
H

= (Hf)CO +

11

^
H

Value of

CO

^
H

CO

by interpolation

25

70

100

2.90

X = 1.74 kJ/mol
^
H

Thus

= -393.5 + 1.74

11

= -391.76 kJ/mol
70

^
H

12

11.33

42.93 103+ 8.301 105 T dT


25

kJ/mol.

n ( out ) H (out)

n ( ) H ()

= 8.31 kJ/s
Q + Ws= H + Ek + Ep
Where Ws, Ek, Epis zero
Therefore Q = H = 8.31 kJ/s

6.6 Energy balance around Compressor (C-101)

Stream

Temperature ( )

13
14

53
187.445

Reference state: CH4(g), H2O(g), H2(g), CO(g), CO2(g), CH3OH(g), at 25C


and 1 atm.
Component

nin(mol/s)

Hin(kJ/mol)

nout(mol/s)

Hout(kJ/mol)

CH4

0.04080

H1

0.04080

H7

H20

0.00616

H2

0.00616

H8

H2

0.7226

H3

0.7226

H9

CO

0.1747

H4

0.1747

H10

CO2

0.05579

H5

0.05579

H11

CH3OH

H6

H12

C p , CH

3
5
= 34.31 10 +5.469 10 T

53

^
H

0.03431+5.469 105 T dT
25

= 1.08 kJ/mol.

C p , H 20

3.35 x 1 02+ 6.88 x 1 06

53

^
H

3.35 x 102 +6.88 x 106 T


25

= 0.9532 kJ/mol.

dT

Cp, H 2

0.00284+7.65 x 108 T

53

^
H

0.00284 +7.65 x 108 T


25

dT

= 0.0797 kJ/mol.

C p , CO

= 0.02895 + 4.1010-6T
53

^
H

0.02895+ 4.10 106 T


25

dT

=0.8197 kJ/mol.

C p , CO2

= 0.03611 + 4.2310-5T
53

^
H

0.03611+ 4.23 105 T


25

dT

=1.1038 kJ/mol.

C p , CH OH
3

42.93 103 +8.301105 T

53

^
H

42.93 103+ 8.301 105 T


25

=1.3833 kJ/mol.

dT

C p , CH

3
5
= 34.31 10 +5.469 10 T

187.445

^
H

0.03431+5.469 105 T dT

25

= 7.461 kJ/mol.

C p , H 20

3.35 x 102 +6.88 x 106

187.445

^
H

25

3.35 x 102 +6.88 x 106 T dT

= 5.679 kJ/mol.

Cp, H 2

0.00284+7.65 x 108 T

187.445

^
H

0.00284 +7.65 x 108 T

25

dT

= 0.464 kJ/mol.

C p , CO

= 0.02895 + 4.1010-6T
187.445

^
H

10

25

0.02895+ 4.10 106 T dT

=4.845 kJ/mol.

C p , CO2

= 0.03611 + 4.2310-5T
187.455

^
H

11

25

0.03611+ 4.23 105 T dT

=7.326 kJ/mol.

C p , CH OH
3

42.93 103 +8.301105 T


187.455

^
H

12

25

42.93 103 +8.301 105 T dT

=9.839 kJ/mol.

n ( out ) H (out )

n ( ) H ()

= 1.5548 kJ/s

Q + Ws= H + Ek + Ep
Where Ws, Ek, Epis zero
Therefore Q = H = 1.5548 kJ/s

6.7 Energy balance around Compressor (C-102)


Stream

Temperature ( )

15
22

105.53
40

Reference state: CH4(g), H2O(g), H2(g), CO(g), CO2(g), CH3OH(g), at 25C


and 1 atm.
Component

nin(mol/s)

Hin(kJ/mol)

nout(mol/s)

Hout(kJ/mol)

CH4

0.1347

H1

0.1347

H7

H20

0.0002563

H2

0.0002563

H8

H2

0.8141

H3

0.8141

H9

CO

0.1893

H4

0.1893

H10

CO2

0.02501

H5

0.02501

H11

CH3OH

0.006986

H6

0.006986

H12

C p , CH

= 34.31 10 +5.469 10 T

105.53

^
H

0.03431+5.469 105 T dT

25

= 3.338 kJ/mol.

C p , H 20

3.35 x 102 +6.88 x 106

105.53

^
H

3.35 x 102+ 6.88 x 106 T dT

25

= 0.075 kJ/mol.

Cp, H 2

0.00284+7.65 x 108 T

105.53

^
H

25

0.00284+7.65 x 108 T

dT

= 0.230 kJ/mol.

C p , CO

= 0.02895 + 4.1010-6T
105.53

^
H

0.02895+ 4.10 106 T dT

25

=2.375 kJ/mol.

C p , CO2

= 0.03611 + 4.2310-5T
105.53

^
H

25

0.03611+4.23 105 T dT

=3.353 kJ/mol.

C p , CH OH
3

42.93 103 +8.301105 T

105.53

^
H

25

42.93 103 +8.301 105 T dT

=4.330 kJ/mol.

C p , CH

3
5
= 34.31 10 +5.469 10 T

40

^
H

0.03431+5.469 105 T dT
25

= 0.568 kJ/mol.

C p , H 20

3.35 x 102 +6.88 x 106

40

^
H

3.35 x 102 +6.88 x 106 T


25

dT

= 0.5092 kJ/mol.

Cp, H 2

0.00284+7.65 x 108 T

40

^
H

0.00284 +7.65 x 108 T


25

dT

= 0.043 kJ/mol.

C p , CO

= 0.02895 + 4.1010-6T
40

^
H

10

0.02895+ 4.10 106 T


25

=0.439 kJ/mol.

C p , CO2

= 0.03611 + 4.2310-5T

dT

40

^
H

11

0.03611+ 4.23 105 T


25

dT

=0.583 kJ/mol.

C p , CH OH
3

42.93 103 +8.301105 T


40

^
H

12

42.93 103+ 8.301 105 T


25

dT

=0.725kJ/mol.

n ( out ) H (out )

n ( ) H ()

= -0.9856 kJ/s

Q + Ws= H + Ek + Ep
Where Ws, Ek, Epis zero
Therefore Q = H = -0.9856 kJ/s

6.8 Energy balance around Compressor (C-103)


Stream

Temperature ( )

15
22

76.831
11.995

Reference state: CH4(g), H2O(g), H2(g), CO(g), CO2(g), CH3OH(g), at 25C


and 1 atm.

Component

nin(mol/s)

Hin(kJ/mol)

nout(mol/s)

Hout(kJ/mol)

CH4

0.9

H1

0.9

H7

H20

H2

H8

H2

H3

H9

CO

H4

H10

CO2

H5

H11

CH3OH

H6

H12

C p , CH

3
5
= 34.31 10 +5.469 10 T

76.831

^
H

0.03431+5.469 105 T dT

25

= 2.067 kJ/mol.
C p , CH

3
5
= 34.31 10 +5.469 10 T

11.995

^
H

0.03431+5.469 105 T dT

25

= -0.473 kJ/mol.

n ( out ) H (out)

n ( ) H ()

= -2.286 kJ/s
Q + Ws= H + Ek + Ep
Where Ws, Ek, Epis zero
Therefore Q = H = -2.286 kJ/s

6.9 Energy balance around Distillation Column (T-100)


Stream

Temperature ( )

23
24

70
134.053

Stream 23
Compone nin(mol/s Hin(kJ/mol

Stream 24
Stream 24.1
nout(mol/s) Hout(kJ/mol nout(mol/s) Hout(kJ/mol

nt
CH4

0.001203

)
0.00233

H20

0.1966

H2

0.00306

CO

4
0.00010

CO2

70
0.00507

CH3OH

9
0.7929

)
H1
H2

0.995696

H3

182
0.001433

H4

0.000032

H5

62
0.001633

H6

0.000002
198

C p , CH

3
5
= 34.31 10 +5.469 10 T

70

^
H

0.03431+5.469 105 T dT
25

= 1.778 kJ/mol.

C p , H 20

3.35 x 102 +6.88 x 106

)
H7

0.002802

)
H7

H8

53
0.033668

H8

H9

533
0.003685

H9

H10

387
0.000128

H10

H11

7
0.006109

H11

H12

034
0.953701

H12

596

70

^
H

3.35 x 102 +6.88 x 106 T


25

dT

= 1.537 kJ/mol.

Cp, H 2

0.00284+7.65 x 108 T

70

^
H

0.00284 +7.65 x 108 T


25

dT

= 0.128 kJ/mol.

C p , CO

= 0.02895 + 4.1010-6T
70

^
H

0.02895+ 4.10 106 T


25

dT

=1.321 kJ/mol.

C p , CO2

= 0.03611 + 4.2310-5T
70

^
H

0.03611+ 4.23 105 T


25

dT

=1.806 kJ/mol.

C p , CH OH
3

42.93 10 +8.30110 T

70

^
H

42.93 103+ 8.301 105 T

dT

25

=2.287 kJ/mol.

C p , CH

3
5
= 34.31 10 +5.469 10 T

134.053

^
H

7 =

0.03431+5.469 105 T dT

25

= 4.690 kJ/mol.

C p , H 20

3.35 x 102 +6.88 x 106

134.053

^
H

25

3.35 x 102 +6.88 x 106 T dT

= 3.772 kJ/mol.

Cp, H 2

0.00284+7.65 x 108 T

134.053

^
H

0.00284 +7.65 x 108 T

25

dT

= 0.311 kJ/mol.

C p , CO

= 0.02895 + 4.1010-6T

134.053

^
H

10

25

0.02895+ 4.10 106 T dT

=3.229 kJ/mol.

C p , CO2

= 0.03611 + 4.2310-5T
134.053

^
H

11

25

0.03611+ 4.23 105 T dT

=4.671 kJ/mol.

C p , CH OH
3

42.93 103 +8.301105 T


134.053

^
H

12

25

42.93 103 +8.301 105 T dT

=6.122 kJ/mol.

n ( out ) H (out)

= 7.644 kJ/s
Q + Ws= H + Ek + Ep
Where Ws, Ek, Epis zero
Therefore Q = H = 7.644 kJ/s

n ( ) H ()

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