mani.bala@aspiresys.

com
Questions & Answers
Commands
Create a instance for All Browsers
For Firefox
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
For Chrome
System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "H:\\chromedriver.exe");
ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
For IE
System.setProperty("webdriver.ie.driver", "H:\\InternetExplorerDriver.exe");
InternetExplorerdriver = new InternetExplorerDriver();
Applying Implicit wait in webdriver
driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
Command To Open URL In Browser
driver.get("URL");
Clicking on any element or button of webpage
driver.findElement(By.id("object_id")).click();
Store text of targeted element in variable
String dropdown = driver.findElement(By.tagName("select")).getText();
Typing text in text box or text area
driver.findElement(By.name("fname")).sendKeys("My First Name");
Applying Explicit wait in webdriver with WebDriver canned conditions
Example 1
WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 15);
wait.until(ExpectedConditions.textToBePresentInElementLocated(By
.xpath("//div[@id]"), "Time left: 7 seconds"));
Descirption 1
Above 2 syntax will wait for till 15 seconds for expected text
Time left: 7 seconds to be appear on targeted element
Example 2
WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10);
WebElement element = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(
By.id("someid")));
Description 2
Wait 10 seconds for the element to be clicked
Get page title in selenium webdriver
driver.getTitle();
Get Current Page URL In Selenium WebDriver
driver.getCurrentUrl();
To get the source page of the url
driver.getPageSource() - Returns the source code of the page as a String value
Get domain name using java script executor
Command
JavascriptExecutor javascript = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;
String CurrentURLUsingJS=(String)javascript.executeScript
("return document.domain");
Descirption
Above syntax will retrieve your software application's domain name using
webdriver's java script executor interface and store it in to variable
Generate alert using webdriver's java script executor interface
[email protected]
9791039962

[email protected]
Command
JavascriptExecutor javascript = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;
javascript.executeScript("alert('Test Case Execution Is started Now..');");
Descirption
It will generate alert during your selenium webdriver test case execution
Selecting or Deselecting value from drop down / Listbox in selenium webdriver
Selecting
Command 1 - selectByVisibleText
Select mydrpdwn = new Select(driver.findElement(By.id("Carlist")));
mydrpdwn.selectByVisibleText("Audi");
Command 2 - selectByValue
Select listbox = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//select[@name]")));
listbox.selectByValue("Italy");
Command 3 - selectByIndex
Select listbox = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//select[@name]")));
listbox.selectByIndex(0);
Deselecting
Command 1 - selectByVisibleText
Select listbox = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//select[@name]")));
listbox.deselectByVisibleText("Russia");
Command 2 - selectByValue
Select listbox = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//select[@name]")));
listbox.deselectByValue("Mexico");
Command 3 - selectByIndex
Select listbox = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//select[@name]")));
listbox.deselectByIndex(5);
Command 4 - Deselect All
Select listbox = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//select[@name]")));
listbox.deselectAll();
Is Multiple Select
Select listbox = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//select[@name]")));
boolean value = listbox.isMultiple();
Navigate to URL or Back or Forward in Selenium Webdriver
4 Commands
driver.navigate().to("http://only-testing-blog.blogspot.in/2014/01/textbox.html");
driver.navigate().back();
driver.navigate().forward();
driver.navigate().refresh();
Capturing entire page screenshot in Selenium WebDriver
File screenshot = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);
FileUtils.copyFile(screenshot, new File("D:\\screenshot.jpg"));
To get the location of the object on the web page?
WebElement ele_1=driver.findElement(By.id("draggable"));
Point p1=ele_1.getLocation();
System.out.println("X : "+p1.getX());
System.out.println("Y : "+p1.getY());
What are the Mouse events in Actions class?
clickAndHold
Description
Click more than one elements one by one
[email protected]
9791039962

[email protected]
Example
WebElement ele_1=driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id='selectable']/li[1]"));
WebElement ele_2=driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id='selectable']/li[2]"));
WebElement ele_3=driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id='selectable']/li[3]"));
Actions ac= new Actions(driver);
ac.clickAndHold(ele_1).clickAndHold(ele_2).clickAndHold(ele_3).
build().perform();
ac.release().perform();
dragAndDropBy
Description
Move a element to other element's location
Example
WebElement ele_1=driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id='sortable']/li[1]"));
WebElement ele_7=driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id='sortable']/li[7]"));
Actions ac= new Actions(driver);
Point ele_7_pos=ele_7.getLocation();
ac.dragAndDropBy(ele_1,ele_7_pos.getX(), ele_7_pos.getY()).build().perform();
ac.release().perform();
dragAndDrop
Description
Drag one element, and drop It on the frame or other object
Example
WebElement ele_1=driver.findElement(By.id("draggable"));
WebElement ele_2=driver.findElement(By.id("droppable"));
Actions ac= new Actions(driver);
ac.dragAndDrop(ele_1, ele_2).build().perform();
ContextClick()
Description
Right click on web page, and click "view page source"
Example
WebElement ele_1=driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id='sortable']/li[1]"));
Actions ac= new Actions(driver);
ac.contextClick().sendKeys(Keys.DOWN).sendKeys(Keys.DOWN).
sendKeys(Keys.DOWN).sendKeys(Keys.ENTER).build().perform();
moveToElement()
Description
Handling Dropdown menu - move to mouse cursor on a particular element,
then only the menu will be appear, then click the sub-menu
Example
Actions actions = new Actions(driver);
WebElement menuName = driver.findElement(By.id("some_id"));
actions.moveToElement(menuName);
actions.perform();
Double Click
Actions act = new Actions(driver);
act.doubleClick(webelement);
send ENTER/TAB keys through Actions in WebDriver
Use Actions class to press keys
Actions act = new Actions(driver);
For ENTER
[email protected]
9791039962

[email protected]
act.sendKeys(Keys.RETURN);
For TAB
act.sendKeys(Keys.ENTER);
Handling Multiple Windows In Selenium WebDriver
Get All Window Handles
Set<String> AllWindowHandles = driver.getWindowHandles();
Extract parent and child window handle from all window handles
String window1 = (String) AllWindowHandles.toArray()[0];
String window2 = (String) AllWindowHandles.toArray()[1];
Use window handle to switch from one window to other window
driver.switchTo().window(window2);
Enable/Disable Textbox During Selenium Webdriver Test Case Execution
Command
JavascriptExecutor javascript = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;
String todisable =
"document.getElementsByName('fname')[0].setAttribute('disabled', '');";
javascript.executeScript(todisable);
String toenable =
"document.getElementsByName('lname')[0].removeAttribute('disabled');";
javascript.executeScript(toenable);
Descirption
It will disable fname element using setAttribute() method and enable lname
element using removeAttribute() method
Highlighting Elements
WebElement element2 = driver.findElement(By.id("Value"));
JavascriptExecutor javascript = (JavascriptExecutor)driver;
javascript.executeScript("arguments[0].setAttribute('style', arguments[1]);",
element1, "color: blue; border: 2px solid blue;");
Submit() method to submit form
driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='Company']")).submit();
Handling Alert, Confirmation and Prompts Popups
To store alert text
String myalert = driver.switchTo().alert().getText();
To accept alert
driver.switchTo().alert().accept();
To dismiss confirmation
driver.switchTo().alert().dismiss();
How to get typed text from a textbox ?
String typedText = driver.findElement(By.xpath("xpath of box")).getAttribute("value");
(or)
String typedText = driver.findElement(By.xpath("xpath of box")).getText();
How do you get the current page URL ?
driver.getCurrentUrl();
To identify a text present on the page
Boolean txtPresentOrNot = (driver.getPageSource().contains("Text to check"))
How do you select a radio button in selenium webdriver
select = driver.findElements(locator);
for (WebElement element : select) {
if (element.getAttribute("value").equalsIgnoreCase(value)) {
element.click();
[email protected]
9791039962

[email protected]
}
}
Selecting searched dropdown in Selenium-WebDriver
driver.findElement(locator).click();
driver.findElement(locator).sendKeys(value);
driver.findElement(locator).sendKeys(Keys.TAB);
Clear the textbox typed values
driver.findElement(By.id("textbox")).clear();
To check whether the object is Visible or Invisible
driver.findElement(By.id("textbox")).isDisplayed();
To check whether the object is Enabled or Disabled
driver.findElement(By.id("textbox")).isEnabled();
How do you verify if the checkbox/radio is checked or not ?
driver.findElement(By.xpath("xpath of the checkbox/radio button")).isSelected();
Verify Element Present on the page
Boolean iselementpresent = driver.findElements(By.xpath("//input[@id='text2']")).size()!= 0;
To get all the links on the webpage
List<WebElement> list_1=driver.findElements(By.tagName("a"));
for (int i = 0; i < list_1.size(); i++) {
System.out.println(list1.get(i).getText());
}
What is partial xpath?
Description
Sometimes full xpath is very complex to locate the element
In such case, we can use the partial xpath using its types as below
Types
startsWith
endsWith
contains
Example
Search
Assume, Search thing is like below
<input name="1473test_this">
Partial Xpath
//input[endsWith(@name, 'test_this')]
//input[contains(@name, 'test_this')]
//input[startsWith(@name, '1473')]
To get all the links which has a character "r" in the links
List<WebElement> list1=driver.findElements(By.tagName("a"));
int j=0;
for (int i = 0; i < list1.size(); i++) {
if (list1.get(i).getText().contains("r")) {
System.out.println("Link Name : "+list1.get(i).getText() + " : "
+ list1.get(i).isDisplayed());
j++;
}
}
System.out.println("Total Links with r : "+j);
Handle Alert Box
Accept Alert (Click OK on Alert)
[email protected]
9791039962

[email protected]
Alert a = driver.switchTo().alert();
a.accept();
Dismiss Alert (Click Cancel on Alert)
Alert a = driver.switchTo().alert();
a.dismiss();
Get the message text of Alert
Alert a = driver.switchTo().alert();
a.getText();
Enter text in the prompt box (Input on the Alert box)
Alert a = driver.switchTo().alert();
a.sendKeys();
Handling Windows
Current Window Handle
String current_handle = driver.getWindowHandle();
Get All Window Handles
Set<String> window_handles = driver.getWindowHandles();
Switch to window
driver.switchTo().window(handle);
Switch to each window
for (String handle:window_handles) {
driver.switchTo().window(handle);
}
Frame Handling
Switch to Frame
driver.switchTo().frame(driver.findElements(By.className("demo-frame"));
driver.switchTo().frame("Frame_id");
driver.switchTo().frame("frameName.0.child");
Switch back from frame to main page
driver.switchTo().defaultContent();
Example 1
Web Page
f1

b f2

Description
Two frames f1 and f2 in web page
We need to click link "a" in frame "f1"
then, click link "b" in frame "f2"
Code
driver.switchTo.frame("f1");
driver.findElement(By.linkText("a")).click();
driver.switchTo.defaultContent();
driver.switchTo.frame("f2");
driver.findElement(By.linkText("b")).click();
driver.switchTo().defaultContent();
Example 2
Web Page
Frame "F1" -->

a
b

<---Frame "f2"

[email protected]
9791039962

[email protected]

Description
Two frames f1 and f2 in web page
We need to click link "a" in frame "f1"
then, click link "b" in frame "f2"
Code
driver.switchTo.frame("f1");
driver.switchTo.frame("f2");
driver.findElement(By.linkText("b")).click();
driver.switchTo.defaultContent();
driver.switchTo.frame("f1");
driver.findElement(By.linkText("a")).click();
driver.switchTo().defaultContent();
Snapshot / Screenshot Handling
Method 1 :
File src = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE));
FileUtils.copyFile(src, new File("<path>");
where File is from "java.io" package
Method 2 :
EventFiringWebDriver eDriver=new EventFiringWebDriver(driver);
File srcFile = eDriver.getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);
FileUtils.copyFile(srcFile, new File(imgPath));
How to check all checkboxes in a page?
List<webElement> chkBox = driver.findElements(By.xpath("//htmltag[@attbute]"));
for(int i=0; i<=chkBox.size(); i++){
chkBox.get(i).click();
}
Count the number of links in a page
List<WebElement> list1=driver.findElements(By.tagName("a"));
list1.size();
To see all the links in a page
for (int i = 0; i < list1.size(); i++) {
System.out.println("List "+i+" : "+list1.get(i).getText() + " : "
+list1.get(i).getAttribute("id"));
}
To see the links which has the character "r"
int j=0;
for (int i = 0; i < list1.size(); i++) {
if (list1.get(i).getText().contains("r")) {
System.out.println("Link Name : "+list1.get(i).getText() + " : " +
list1.get(i).isDisplayed());
j++;
}
}
How do you handle https website in selenium ?
Description
By changing the setting of FirefoxProfile
Creation of Firefox profile.
Accept the certificate error manually,
[email protected]
9791039962

[email protected]
Try to open the the firefox browser with the above created firefox profile.
Program 1
FirefoxProfile profile = new FirefoxProfile();
profile.setAcceptUntrustedCertificates(false);
profile.setAssumeUntrustedCertificateIssuer(false);
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(profile);
driver.get("url");
How do you manage proxies in browser?
FirefoxProfile profile = new FirefoxProfile();
profile.setPreference("network.proxy.type", 1);
profile.setPreference("network.proxy.http", "proxy-url.com");
profile.setPreference("network.proxy.http_port", 80);
profile.setPreference("network.proxy.ssl", "proxy-url.com");
profile.setPreference("network.proxy.ssl_port", 80);
profile.setPreference("network.proxy.ftp", "proxy-url.com");
profile.setPreference("network.proxy.ftp_port", 80);
profile.setPreference("network.proxy.socks", "proxy-url.com");
profile.setPreference("network.proxy.socks_port", 80);
FirefoxDriver fire_driver=new FirefoxDriver(profile);
How will you work with DataProviders?
Description
When you need to pass complex parameters or parameters that need to be
created from Java
In such cases parameters can be passed using Dataproviders
A Data Provider is a method annotated with @DataProvider
A Data Provider returns an array of objects
Create a name for the dataprovider and give it in its annotation
And assign the name to dataProvider at @test method
Notes
In the below examples, 4 different values are passed
So the @Test method will run 4 times with 4 different values
Example
@DataProvider(name = "Search")
public static Object[][] credentials() {
return new Object[][] { { "manikandan vb"}, { "9994946924"}, {"1212.in"},
{"Selenium"}, {"9791039962"}};
}
@Test(dataProvider = "Search")
public void f(String word) {
WebDriver driver=new FirefoxDriver();
driver.manage().window().maximize();
driver.get("http://google.co.in");
driver.findElement(By.id("gbqfq")).sendKeys(word);
System.out.println("Now Searching for : "+word);
driver.close();
}
Reading ToolTip text in in Selenium-WebDriver
public static String tooltipText(WebDriver driver, By locator){
String tooltip = driver.findElement(locator).getAttribute("title");
return tooltip;
[email protected]
9791039962

[email protected]
}
Deleting all Cookies before doing any kind of action
driver.manage().deleteAllCookies();
How can we get the font size, font color, font type used for a particular text on a web page
using Selenium web driver
driver.findelement(By.Xpath("Xpath ").getcssvalue("font-size);
driver.findelement(By.Xpath("Xpath ").getcssvalue("font-colour);
driver.findelement(By.Xpath("Xpath ").getcssvalue("font-type);
driver.findelement(By.Xpath("Xpath ").getcssvalue("background-colour);
How to get the number of frames on a page ?
List<WebElement> framesList = driver.findElements(By.xpath("//iframe"));
int numOfFrames = frameList.size();
What is the use of getOptions() method ?
getOptions() is used to get the selected option from the dropdown list
Which is the super interface of webdriver ?
SearchContext
Profile
Set Proxy profile for Socks HTTP
FirefoxProfile profile = new FirefoxProfile();
profile.setPreference("network.proxy.type", 1);
profile.setPreference("network.proxy.socks", "localhost");
profile.setPreference("network.proxy.socks_port", 7555);
FirefoxDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(profile);
Set Proxy profile for Socks HTTP
FirefoxProfile profile = new FirefoxProfile();
profile.setPreference("network.proxy.http", "localhost");
profile.setPreference("network.proxy.http_port", "3128");
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(profile);
Tweaking an existing Firefox profile
Method 1
ProfilesIni allProfiles = new ProfilesIni();
FirefoxProfile profile = allProfiles.getProfile("WebDriver");
profile.setPreferences("foo.bar", 23);
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(profile);
Alternatively, if the profile isn't already registered with Firefox
File profileDir = new File("path/to/top/level/of/profile");
FirefoxProfile profile = new FirefoxProfile(profileDir);
profile.setPreferences(extraPrefs);
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(profile);
Enabling features that are disabled by default in Firefox
FirefoxProfile profile = new FirefoxProfile();
profile.setEnableNativeEvents(true);
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(profile);
How to set language in profile
profile.setPreference( "intl.accept_languages", "no,en-us,en" );
Changing the user agent
FirefoxProfile profile = new FirefoxProfile();
profile.setPreference("general.useragent.override", "some UA string");
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(profile);
Firefox Configuration Settings - To overcome Proxy authentication prompt
[email protected]
9791039962

[email protected]
Description
This works fine without prompting any authentication when you do the
following settings
Steps
Type "about:config" on your FF url
Now type "Proxy" in the search field
Make sure "signon.autologin.proxy" is set "true" (By default it is "false")
Cookies
Add a Cookie
driver.manage().addCookie(cookieName cookieValue);
Get a Cookie Name & Cookie Value
Set<Cookie> cookies=driver.manage().getCookies();
System.out.println(cookie.getName()+" "+cookie.getValue());
Get the domain name
System.out.println("Cookie Domain : "+cookie.getDomain());
Get the Path
System.out.println("Cookie Path : "+cookie.getPath());
Get the Expiry time of Cookie
System.out.println("Cookie Expiry : "+cookie.getExpiry());
To check it is only for HTTp
System.out.println("Cookie HTTP : "+cookie.isHttpOnly());
To check it is secured
System.out.println("Cookie Secure : "+cookie.isSecure());
Delete cookies by Name
driver.manage().deleteCookieNamed(cookie.getName());
Delete cookies directly
driver.manage().deleteCookie(cookie);
Delete All cookies
driver.manage().deleteAllCookies();
Program
driver.get("http://in.yahoo.com/");
Set<Cookie> cookies=driver.manage().getCookies();
System.out.println("Number of cookies in this site "+cookies.size());
driver.manage().addCookie("cookieName" "cookieValue");
for(Cookie cookie:cookies) {
System.out.println(cookie.getName()+" "+cookie.getValue());
driver.manage().deleteCookieNamed(cookie.getName());
driver.manage().deleteCookie(cookie);
}
driver.manage().deleteAllCookies();

[email protected]
9791039962