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Linear Equation

This document defines and provides examples of linear and non-linear terms, expressions, and equations involving one unknown. It explains that a linear term involves only one unknown to the power of one with no multiplication or division of variables. Linear expressions and equations can only involve linear terms. Examples are provided to demonstrate identifying linear and non-linear terms, expressions, and equations. The document also explains how to solve linear equations in one unknown using methods like addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and shifting terms. Step-by-step solutions are shown for examples of solving linear equations.

Uploaded by

Muralee Veeramalai
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© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
240 views

Linear Equation

This document defines and provides examples of linear and non-linear terms, expressions, and equations involving one unknown. It explains that a linear term involves only one unknown to the power of one with no multiplication or division of variables. Linear expressions and equations can only involve linear terms. Examples are provided to demonstrate identifying linear and non-linear terms, expressions, and equations. The document also explains how to solve linear equations in one unknown using methods like addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and shifting terms. Step-by-step solutions are shown for examples of solving linear equations.

Uploaded by

Muralee Veeramalai
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Linear Equation

By Muralee.V.
Equality
- Equality = relationship between two quantities of the same value.
Example
a) 4 + 3 = 1 + 6
b) If a = b, then b = a
c) If a = b and b = c, then a = c
- The = symbol is read as is equal to.
- The symbol is read as is not equal to.
Linear equation in one unknown
- A linear algebraic term
Has no exponents or powers (for example, 32 ) and only one unknown to the
power of one.
Has no variables that multiply or divide each other
For example: "x" times "y" or xy; "x" divided by "y" or x/y
Linear term
4x
4
m
5

- 7y

Non-linear term
x2
6xy
m
n

Example 1
State whether each of the following is a linear term or non-linear term.
a) 4n2
b)

7
m
9

c) 6ab
4x

d) 5 y

Solution
a) 4n2
= non-linear term because unknown(n) has power of two
b)

7
m
9

= linear term

c) 6ab

= non-linear term because has multiplication of two unknown (ab)

4x
d) 5 y

= non-linear term because has division of two unknown ( y )

A linear algebraic term involves only linear algebraic terms and numbers.

Linear Expressions

Non-linear expressions

x+4

x2

2x + 4

2xy + 4

2x + 4y

2x
4y

Example 2
State whether each of the following is a linear expression or non-linear expression.
a) 3x2 + 5
b)

1
s 4t
3

c) 6mn + 5r
d)

2a
+7
3b

Solution
a) 3x2 + 5
b)

= non-linear expression because has x2

1
s 4t
3

= linear expression

c) 6mn + 5r = non-linear expression because has mn


d)
-

2a
+7
3b

= non-linear expression because has

a
b

A linear equation = equality between two quantities (algebraic terms and numbers
only)
Linear equations

Non-linear equations

s+3=6

s2 4 = 60

5a + 4b = 8

5ab + 4 = 8

6m + 7n = 3 4m

6m
+ 3 = 4m
7n

Example 3
State whether each of the following is a linear equation or non-linear equation.
a) x2 + 1 = 10
b)

2
a 3b = 3 + 4b
7

c) 2xy + 5 = 6
3x

d) 5 y + 7 = 35

Solution
a) x2 + 1
b)

= 10 non-linear equation because has x2

2
a 3b = 3 + 4b linear equation
7

c) 2xy + 5 = 6 non-linear equation because has xy


3x

d) 5 y + 7 = 35 non-linear equation because has y


A linear equation in one unknown = equality that involve numbers and linear
algebraic terms with only one unknown
For example,
4y 2 = y + 7 linear equation in one unknown
Linear term in one unknown
2x + 3 = 5y 3 not a linear equation in one unknown
Linear term in two unknowns

A linear equation can be written based on a statement


For example,
When 45 is subtracted from number x, the difference is 20.
Written in equation: x 45 = 20

Solving Linear Equations in One Unknown


- The process of searching for a numerical value (solution or root) that satisfies the
equation or when replace the variable with it, it makes the equation true.
- Has only one solution.
For example, in equation x + 3 = 20, after solution x = 17
(Check: 17 + 3 = 20)
Therefore, the numerical value 17 is called the solution or root of the equation
x + 3 = 20.
- Involves method of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division.
Example 4
a) Given x 1 = -10, then x =
b) Given y + 7 = -18, then y =
c) Given

x
= 5, then y =
7

d) Given 7y = -63, then y =

Solution
a)
x 1 = -10
x 1 + 1 = -10 + 1 (method of addition)
Add 1 to both sides

x = -9
Check: -9 10 = -10
b)

y + 7 = -18
y + 7 7 = -18 7 (method of subtraction)
Subtract 7 from both sides

y = -25
Check: -25 + 7 = 18
x
=5
7
x 1
7=5
7
1

c)

7 (method of multiplication)

Multiply both sides by 7

x = 35
Check:
d)

35
=5
7

7y

= -63

7y
7

63
(method of division)
7

Divide both sides by 7

Check: 7
-

y = -9
(-9) = -63

Method of shifting also can used in solving linear equations above


For example,
a) x 1
= -10
-1 becomes +1 after shifted from left to right
x = -10 + 1
x = -9
b) y + 7 = -18
+7 becomes -7 after shifted from left to right
y = -18 7
y = -25
c)

d)

x
=5
7

x =5 7
x = 35
7y = -63
y=

63
7

7 becomes 7 after shifted from left to right

7 becomes 7 after shifted from left to

y = -9

-1 becomes +1 after shifted from left to right

Example 5
a) 7x + 3 = 5x + 13
b) Diagram below shows a triangle. Find the value of x
x + 10

2x + 5

Solution
a)

7x + 3 = 5x + 13
7x 5x = 13 3
2x = 10
x=

10
2

=5
Check: 7(5) + 3 = 5(5) + 13
38 = 38
b)

x + 10 + 2x + 5 = 180
3x + 15 = 180
3x = 180 15
3x = 165
x=

165
3

= 55
Check:
55 + 10 + 2(55) + 5 = 180
55 + 10 + 110 + 5 = 180
180 = 180
Test yourself
1. Solve 3(1 2x) (4x + 1) = 13 x
2.
3x - 8

+2
Thexdiagram
above shows a square. Find
a) The value of x
b) From the value that got from a), find its area.

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