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Types of Shoring: Unsafe Structure. These Support Walls Laterally. They Can Be Used Under The Following Circumstances

1. Shoring is the construction of temporary support structures to stabilize unsafe structures. There are three main types of shoring: raking shores, flying shores, and dead shores. 2. Raking shores use inclined members called rakers to provide lateral support to walls. Flying shores are used to temporarily support party walls when the intermediate building is demolished. Dead shores provide vertical support to walls and other structures when openings are created. 3. Raking shores consist of rakers, wall plates, needles, cleats, and bracing. The angle of the rakers must be between 45-60 degrees. Flying shores use horizontal and inclined struts between wall plates to support

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73 views

Types of Shoring: Unsafe Structure. These Support Walls Laterally. They Can Be Used Under The Following Circumstances

1. Shoring is the construction of temporary support structures to stabilize unsafe structures. There are three main types of shoring: raking shores, flying shores, and dead shores. 2. Raking shores use inclined members called rakers to provide lateral support to walls. Flying shores are used to temporarily support party walls when the intermediate building is demolished. Dead shores provide vertical support to walls and other structures when openings are created. 3. Raking shores consist of rakers, wall plates, needles, cleats, and bracing. The angle of the rakers must be between 45-60 degrees. Flying shores use horizontal and inclined struts between wall plates to support

Uploaded by

Edward Rider
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Shoring is the construction of a temporary structure to support temporarily an

unsafe structure. These support walls laterally. They can be used under the
following circumstances:

1. When walls bulge out


2. When walls crack due to unequal settlement of foundation and repairs are
to be carried out to the cracked wall.
3. When an adjacent structure needs pulling down.
4. When openings are to be newly made or enlarged in a wall.

Types of shoring
1. Raking shores (figure 1 to 3)
2. Flying shores (figure 4 and 5)
3. Dead shores (figure 6 and 7)

RAKING SHORES
In this method, inclined members known as rakers are used to give
lateral supports to walls. A raking shore consists of the following
components:
1. Rakers or inclined member
2. Wall plate
3. Needles
4. Cleats
5. Bracing
6. Sole plate
The following points are to be kept in view for the use of the raking shores:
1. Rakers are to be inclined in the ground at
between

and

. However the angle may be

2. For tall buildings, the length of the raker can be reduced by introducing
rider raker.
3. Rakers should be properly braced at intervals.
4. The size of the rakers is to be decided on the basis of anticipated thrust
from the wall.
5. The centre line of a raker and the wall should meet at floor level.

6. Shoring may be spaced at 3 to 4.5m spacing to cover longer length of the


bar.
7. The sole plate should be properly embedded into the ground on an
inclination and should be of proper section and size.
8. Wedges should not be used on sole plates since they are likely to give
way under vibrations that are likely to occur.

Figure-1:

Figure 2: Detail of Head of the raker

Figure 3: Raking shore for multistoried Building where inclination of the


rakers has to be limited due to short land width available

FLYING SHORES
It is a system of providing temporary supports to the party walls of the
two buildings where the intermediate building is to be pulled down and
rebuilt. All types of arrangements of supporting the unsafe structure in
which the shores do not reach the ground come under this category. They
flying shore consists of wall plates, needles, cleats, horizontal struts
(commonly known as horizontal shores) and inclined struts arranged in
different forms which varies with the situation. In this system also the
wall plates are placed against the wall and secured to it. A horizontal strut
is placed between the wall plates and is supported by a system of needle
and cleats. The inclined struts are supported by the needle at their top
and by straining pieces at their feet. The straining piece is also known as
straining sill and is spiked to the horizontal shore. The width of straining
piece is the same as that of the strut.
When the distance between the walls (to be strutted apart) is
considerable, a horizontal shore can not be safe and a trussed framework
of members is necessary to perform the function of flying shore.

Figures 4: Flying Shore

Figure 5: Flying shore when the distance between two walls is


considerable

DEAD SHORES
This is the system of shoring which is used to render vertical support to
walls and roofs, floors, etc when the lower part of a wall has been
removed for the purpose of providing an opening in the wall or to rebuild
a defective load bearing wall in a structure. The dead shore consists of an
arrangement of beams and posts which are required to support the
weight of the structure above and transfer same to the ground on firm
foundation below.

Figure 6: Dead Shore


When opening in the wall are to be made, holes are cut in the wall at such
a height as to allow sufficient space for insertion of the beam or girder
that will be provided permanently to carry the weight of the structure
above. Distance at which the holes are cut depends upon the type of
masonry and it varies from 1.2m to 1.8m centre. Beams called needles
are placed in the holes and are supported by vertical props called dead
shores at their ends on either side of the wall. The needles may be of
timber or steel and are of sufficient section to carry the load above.

Figure 7: Section of the elevation showing arrangement of dead shores


for making an opening in an existing wall
The dead shores stand away from wall on either side so as to allow for
working space when the needle and the props are in position. The props
are tightened up by folding wedges provided at their bases while the
junction between the prop and the needle is secured with the help of
dogs. Before the dismantling work is started, all the doors, windows or
other openings are well strutted. In order to relieve the wall of load of
floors and roof above, they are independently supported. Vibrations and
shocks are bound to occur when wall cutting is done as such a measure of
safety raking shores are sometimes erected before commencement of
wall cutting operation.

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