Scribd
Upload
499 views

Machine and Tool Offsets PDF

Uploaded by

fahimhub
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
499 views

Machine and Tool Offsets PDF

Uploaded by

fahimhub
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

8/6/2015

MachineandToolOffsets

CNCHandbook
Introduction&CNCProcessOverview

Machine and Tool Offsets

ShopSafety
CNCTools

Machine Offsets

CoordinateSystem

Becauseitisdifficulttoplaceaviseintheexactsamepositiononthemachineeach
time,thedistancefromHometotheWCSisusuallynotknownuntiltheviseissetand
CartesianCoordinateSystem
alignedwiththemachine.Machinesetupisbestdoneaftertheprogramiscompletely
written,becauseitisexpensivetokeepaCNCmachineidlewaitingfortheCNC
VerticalMillingCenterMachineMotion
programmingtobedone.Besides,theprogrammermaychangetheirmindduringthe
WorkCoordinateSystem
CAMprocess,renderinganypreplannedsetupobsolete.
MachineandToolOffsets

CNCProgrammingLanguage
CNCOperation
2DMillingToolpaths
CNCTurning
3DToolpaths
MillingSetups
Appendices

Tocomplicatemattersfurther,differenttoolsextendoutfromthemachinespindle
differentlengths,alsoavaluedifficulttodetermineinadvance.Forexample,alongend
millextendsfurtherfromthespindlefacethanastublengthdrill.Ifthetoolwearsor
breaksandmustbereplaced,itisalmostimpossibletosetittheexactlengthoutofthe
toolholdereachtime.
Therefore,theremustbesomewaytorelatetheMachineCoordinatesystemtothepart
WCSandtakeintoaccountvaryingtoollengths.ThisisdoneusingmachineTooland
FixtureOffsets.TherearemanyoffsetsavailableonCNCmachines.Understandinghow
theyworkandtocorrectlyusethemtogetherisessentialforsuccessfulCNCmachining.

Fixture Offset XY
FixtureoffsetsprovideawayfortheCNCcontroltoknowthedistancefromthemachine
homepositionandthepartWCS.InconjunctionwithToolOffsets,FixtureOffsetsallow
programstobewritteninrelationtotheWCSinsteadoftheMachineCoordinates.They
makesetupseasierbecausetheexactlocationofthepartinthemachineenvelopdoes
notneedtobeknownbeforetheCNCprogramiswritten.
Aslongasthepartispositionedwherethetoolcanreachallmachiningoperationsitcan
belocatedanywhereinthemachineenvelope.OncetheFixtureOffsetvaluesarefound,
enteredintothecontrol,andactivatedbytheCNCprogram,theCNCcontrolworks
behindthescenetotranslateprogramcoordinatestoWCScoordinates.
NoticeinFigure4.11howFixtureOffsets(+X,Y)areusedtoshiftthecenterlineofthe
machinespindledirectlyovertheWCS.

Figure4.11:FixtureOffsetShiftsMachinetoWCS

http://www.cimco.com/docs/cncbook/en/#Ch04_MachineAndToolOffsets

1/3

8/6/2015

MachineandToolOffsets

Fixture Offset Z
TheFixtureOffsetZvalueiscombinedwiththeToolLengthoffsettoindicatetothe
machinehowtoshifttheZdatumfromparthometothepartZzero,takinginto
accountthelengthofthetool.FixtureOffsetZmayormaynotbeused,dependingon
howthemachineissetupandoperated.
Chapter6(CNCOperation)andAppendixB(AlternateToolSettingMethods)describethe
variouswaysthatthesetwovaluescanbeused.Followtheprocedureinuseatyour
facilityorrefertoyourmachinetooldocumentationtodeterminewhichmethodtouse.

Tool Length Offset (TLO)


Everytoolloadedintothemachineisadifferentlength.Infact,ifatoolisreplaceddue
towearorbreaking,thelengthofitsreplacementwilllikelychangebecauseitisalmost
impossibletosetanewtoolintheholderinexactlythesameplaceastheoldone.The
CNCmachineneedssomewayofknowinghowfareachtoolextendsfromthespindleto
thetip.ThisisaccomplishedusingaToolLengthOffset(TLO).
Initssimplestuse,theTLOisfoundbyjoggingthespindlewithtoolfromthemachine
homeZpositiontothepartZzeroposition,asshownonthefarleftinFigure4.12
below.ThetoolisjoggedtothepartdatumZandthedistancetravelledismeasured.
ThisvalueisenteredintheTLOregisterforthattool.Problemswiththismethodinclude
theneedtofacemilltheparttothecorrectdepthbeforesettingtools.Also,iftheZ
datumiscutaway(typicalof3Dsurfacedparts)itisimpossibletosetthedatumshould
atoolbreakorwearandneedtobereplaced.Alltoolsmustberesetwheneveranew
jobissetup.Whenthismethodisused,theFixtureOffsetZisnotused,butsettozero.
Themethodshowninthecenterismuchbetterandusedinthisbook.Alltoolsareset
toaknownZposition,suchthetopofaprecision123blockrestingonthemachine
table.Thismakesitveryeasytoresettoolsifwornorbroken.
Atoolprobeisverysimilartothe123blockmethod,exceptthemachineusesa
specialcycletoautomaticallyfindtheTLO.Itdoesthisslowlyloweringthetooluntilthe
tiptouchestheprobeandthenupdatestheTLOregister.Thismethodisfast,safeand
accuratebutrequiresthemachinebeequippedwithatoolprobe.Also,toolprobesare
expensivesocaremustbetakentonevercrashthetoolintotheprobe.
Boththe2ndand3rdmethodsalsorequirethedistancefromthetoolsettingposition
(thetopofthe123blockortoolprobe)tothepartdatumtobefoundandenteredin
theFixtureOffsetZ.Themachineaddsthetwovaluestogethertodeterminethetotal
toollengthoffset.AmethodfordoingthisisincludedinChapter6.

Figure4.12:WaystoSetTLO

http://www.cimco.com/docs/cncbook/en/#Ch04_MachineAndToolOffsets

2/3

8/6/2015

MachineandToolOffsets
UpdatedonFebruary06,2014at16:18
Copyright2014byCIMCOA/S

http://www.cimco.com/docs/cncbook/en/#Ch04_MachineAndToolOffsets

3/3

You might also like